CN114903579A

CN114903579A - Double-path vertebral bone nail with strengthening and fixing function

Info

Publication number: CN114903579A
Application number: CN202110181144.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李昀达; 戴金龙; 赖伯亮; 蔡宗廷; 谢明凯; 刘慕义
Original assignee: Chang Gung University CGU
Current assignee: Chang Gung University CGU
Priority date: 2021-02-09
Filing date: 2021-02-09
Publication date: 2022-08-16

Abstract

A dual-path spine bone screw with a strengthened fixing function comprises an outer screw sleeve, a main bone screw and an auxiliary bone screw, wherein the main bone screw comprises a universal screw head and a first cone, the universal screw head is provided with a first screw hole and a second screw hole with different inclination angles, the auxiliary bone screw is provided with an external thread and a second cone, the external thread is locked in the first screw hole or the second screw hole, and the main bone screw and the auxiliary bone screw can form a first angle or a second angle. Therefore, the main bone nail and the auxiliary bone nail are implanted into the spine to form a double-path fixing function, so that the possibility of loosening or breaking of the bone nails is reduced. In addition, the locking angle of the auxiliary bone nail and the locking direction of the universal screw head can be selected according to the spine operation position or the bone condition of the patient, so that the fixing strength and the stability are improved, the wound of the patient can be reduced, the operation time is shortened, the blood loss is reduced, and the like.

Description

Double-path vertebral bone nail with strengthening and fixing function

Technical Field

The invention relates to a vertebral bone nail, in particular to a dual-path vertebral bone nail with a strengthened fixing function, which not only strengthens the fixing capability, but also reduces the operation range.

Background

The spine bone nail is widely applied to spine operation treatment at present, the application range of the spine bone nail comprises degenerative lesion, fracture, infection, tumor reconstruction operation and the like, and the spine bone nail can also stabilize the fixing force of the spine after the steps of lumbar vertebra reduction and decompression are carried out on the patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis.

Two types of spinal nails are currently in common use, pedicle screws (pedicles) and cortical bone track screws (CBT screws). The vertebral arch bone nail is embedded from back to front and from outside to inside along the trend of the vertebral arch, so that the front edge of the bone nail finally enters the medullary of the vertebral body. The cortical bone path nail is placed from inside to outside and from bottom to top, so that the front edge of the nail finally enters the medullary bone of the vertebral body, and the initial entry point of the nail is more inside and lower than the vertebral arch nail.

However, the two spinal bone screws are implanted in a single path, which may cause bone screw loosening or fracture due to osteoporosis, bone fusion disunion, spinal fracture, etc. and the patient needs to perform another surgical revision. However, in the second operation, the bone nail can not be implanted stably by the original path of implanting the bone nail, or other sections of the spine must be selected for implantation. Not only greatly reduces the strength of the whole structure and prolongs the fixed section of the spine, but also increases the risks and burdens born by the patient due to longer operation time, larger wound, more blood loss and the like.

Another reference can be made to fig. 8 for a sacral nail. The bone nail comprises a shaft nail 51 and a side nail 52, and the shaft nail 51 and the side nail 52 are locked by a fixing plate 50, so that the operation range is increased for implanting the fixing plate 50 again in operation, which has an expanded risk to the damage range of the surrounding normal soft tissue and bone, and the combined fixing of more components also increases the possibility of mutual loosening. And the shaft nail 51 and the side nail 52 are sacral arch nail and sacral wing direction nail, so the application range is only limited to the sacrum.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a dual-path vertebral bone nail with an enhanced fixation function, which not only provides a more stable dual path, but also has the advantages of reduced number of fixation sections in the first and second operations, reduced wound size, shortened operation time, and reduced blood loss. In addition, the application range is wider, and the device can be applied to thoracic vertebra, lumbar vertebra or sacral operation besides the operation of the front position or the back position of the vertebra.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention discloses a dual-path vertebral bone nail with a strengthened fixing function, which is characterized by comprising:

the outer sleeve is in a hollow cylindrical shape and is divided into a first end and a second end, the first end is retracted inwards to form an accommodating space, and the second end is provided with a plurality of extension sections;

the main bone nail comprises a universal screw head and a first cone, the universal screw head is further provided with a first screw hole and a second screw hole, one end of the universal screw head is flat, the first screw hole and the second screw hole are respectively arranged in an inclined mode at different angles, and the other end, different from the flat end, of the universal screw head is hemispherical and limited in the containing space to be adjusted and rotated; and

one end of the auxiliary bone nail is provided with an external thread, one end different from the external thread extends to form a second cone, the external thread is mutually locked with the first screw hole or the second screw hole, so that the auxiliary bone nail and the main bone nail form a first angle or a second angle, and the center of the end surface of the end provided with the external thread is provided with a tool locking part.

Wherein the first angle is 10 degrees.

Wherein the second angle is 15 degrees.

The extending sections are provided with an internal thread, two adjacent extending sections in the extending sections form two first U-shaped grooves, the two first U-shaped grooves are oppositely arranged to clamp and fix a fixed rod, and a nut is locked in the internal thread to force the fixed rod tightly.

And the other parts of the extending sections, which are adjacent to each other, form two second U-shaped grooves, each second U-shaped groove and each first U-shaped groove are arranged at intervals, and the depth of each first U-shaped groove is greater than that of each second U-shaped groove.

Wherein, the first cone is further provided with a first spiral part and a first cone head, and the second cone is further provided with a second spiral part and a second cone head.

Wherein, the first conical head and the second conical head are sharp.

The main bone nail is provided with at least one occlusion line at one end of the first cone connected with the universal screw head and close to the first screw hole and the second screw hole respectively, and the occlusion line corresponds to and occludes the part of the second spiral part.

Wherein, the tool locking part is convex.

With the structure, the outer thread sleeve, the main bone nail and the auxiliary bone nail are locked and fixed on the spine to form the double-path fixing effect, the fixed rod is clamped and fixed in the first U-shaped groove, and the nut is locked and fixed on the internal thread to force the fixed rod. For osteoporosis or patients with operations at different parts of the spine, the implantation of the double-path bone nail can effectively reduce the loosening of the bone nail or the fracture of the bone nail compared with the implantation of a single-path bone nail. The fixing rod can be clamped and fixed on a plurality of double-path vertebral bone nails with the function of strengthening fixation simultaneously so as to strengthen the stability of the implanted bone nails.

The advantages of the above structure compared with the prior art are:

1. and (3) enhancing the fixing capacity: a typical spinal screw is implanted in only a single pass, and typically a physician will implant four screws on both sides of the upper and lower vertebral bodies. The double-path spine bone nail of the invention doubles the original four bone nails into eight bone nails, so that the fixing capability is greatly improved. In addition, the main bone nail of the invention is provided with the first screw hole and the second screw hole with different inclination angles, so that doctors can select proper screw holes to lock the auxiliary bone nail according to requirements. And then the universal screw head of the main bone nail is matched to adjust the locking direction of the main bone nail, so that the interface strength between the bone nail and a skeleton is greatly increased, and the purpose of strengthening the postoperative stability is achieved.

2. And (3) reducing the surgical risk: compared with the conventional sacral nail, the two bone nails need to be locked by the fixing plate, and the auxiliary bone nail of the invention is directly locked on the first screw hole or the second screw hole of the main bone nail, so that the components in the process of combining and fixing the components can be reduced, the possibility of mutual loosening of the components can be reduced, the range of operation can be reduced, the damage range of surrounding normal soft tissues and bones is small, and the operation risk is reduced.

3. Promote convenient degree: compared with the conventional sacral nail, the fixing plate has to be made into two shapes according to the left and right bones of the patient to lock the two bone nails, and the two shapes are divided into the fixing plate suitable for the left and right sides of the patient. The dual-path spine bone nail designed by the invention directly locks and fixes the auxiliary bone nail on the first screw hole or the second screw hole of the main bone nail, so that two bone nails do not need to be locked and fixed by the fixing plate.

Drawings

FIG. 1: is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of the dual-path vertebral bone nail with an enhanced fixation function of the present invention.

FIG. 2: is an exploded view of the first embodiment of the dual-path spinal screw with enhanced fixation of the present invention.

FIG. 3: a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the dual-path vertebral bone screw with an enhanced fixation function of the present invention is shown.

FIG. 4: is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a second embodiment of the dual-path vertebral nail with an enhanced fixation function of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of: the invention is a schematic view of the using state of the dual-path vertebral bone nail with the strengthening and fixing function.

FIG. 6: is a schematic view of the usage status of fig. 5 from another view angle.

FIG. 7: is another schematic view of the dual-path vertebral bone nail with the function of strengthening fixation.

FIG. 8: is a perspective view of the prior art.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1, which is a perspective view illustrating a dual-path vertebral bone screw 1 with a strengthened fixation function according to a first embodiment of the present invention, the present invention mainly includes an outer screw shell 10, a main bone screw 20, and an auxiliary bone screw 30.

Refer to FIG. 2 in conjunction with FIG. 5. Fig. 2 is an exploded view of a first embodiment of the present invention, the outer sleeve 10 of the present invention is hollow and cylindrical and includes a first end 101 and a second end 102, the first end 101 is inwardly contracted to form a receiving space 18, the second end 102 is provided with a plurality of extending sections 12, and the extending sections 12 are provided with an internal thread 19; the main bone nail 20 comprises a universal screw head 21 and a first cone 22, wherein the universal screw head 21 is further provided with a first screw hole 212 and a second screw hole 213, one end of the first screw hole 212 and one end of the second screw hole 213 are flat, the first screw hole 212 and the second screw hole 213 are respectively arranged in an inclined manner at different angles, the end of the universal screw head 21 different from the flat end is hemispherical and can be limited in the accommodating space 18 for adjustment and rotation, the first cone 22 extends from the end different from the flat end and is further provided with a first spiral part 221 and a first cone head 222; and one end of the auxiliary bone screw 30 is provided with an external thread 31, one end different from the external thread 31 is provided with a second cone 32, the external thread 31 is locked with the first screw hole 212 or the second screw hole 213, and the second cone 32 is further provided with a second screw portion 321 and a second cone 322. The center of the end surface of the end with the external thread 31 is provided with a convex tool locking part 33 for the corresponding bone screw locking tool to be inserted into and lock the auxiliary bone screw 30 into the first screw hole 212 or the second screw hole 213. The first conical head 222 and the second conical head 322 are tapered. The main bone screw 20 is provided with at least one engaging grain 23 at a position where the first cone 22 is connected to one end of the universal screw head 21 and is adjacent to the first screw hole 212 and the second screw hole 213, respectively, and the engaging grain 23 corresponds to and engages with a portion of the second screw portion 321. When the auxiliary bone screw 30 is locked in the first screw hole 212 or the second screw hole 213, the second screw portion 321 corresponds to and engages with a portion of the occlusion line 23, thereby reducing the possibility of deflection of the auxiliary bone screw 30 and improving the stability of the angle between the main bone screw 20 and the auxiliary bone screw 30.

The number of the extending sections 12 can be four, two adjacent extending sections 12 respectively form two first U-shaped grooves 16 and two second U-shaped grooves 17, the two first U-shaped grooves 16 are oppositely arranged, each second U-shaped groove 17 and each first U-shaped groove 16 are arranged at intervals, and the depth of each first U-shaped groove 16 is greater than that of each second U-shaped groove 17. In the first U-shaped groove 16, a cylindrical fixing rod 40 can be inserted, and a nut 41 is locked in the internal thread 19 to tighten the fixing rod 40, as shown in fig. 5. In addition, when the physician locks the auxiliary bone screw 30 in the first screw hole 212 or the second screw hole 213, the physician passes a tool through the hollow column of the outer sheath 10. The first screw hole 212 and the second screw hole 213 are disposed at different angles, so that the second U-shaped slot 17 can be formed to provide a space for the tool to tilt.

Referring to the sectional view of fig. 3, the first screw hole 212 and the second screw hole 213 are inclined at different angles. The physician can fasten the auxiliary bone screw 30 to the first screw hole 212 or the second screw hole 213 according to the requirement, so as to be more flexible in use. In the first embodiment, the auxiliary bone screw 30 is locked in the first screw hole 212, so that the auxiliary bone screw 30 and the main bone screw 20 form a first angle S1. The first angle S1 is preferably 10 degrees.

Fig. 4 shows a second embodiment, in which the auxiliary bone screw 30 is locked in the second screw hole 213, so that the auxiliary bone screw 30 forms a second angle S2 with the main bone screw 20. The second angle S2 is preferably 15 degrees.

In addition to the auxiliary bone screw 30 being able to be elastically locked at a proper angle, the universal screw head 21 of the main bone screw 20 can be used in combination, thereby forming various orientations. Therefore, the locking direction can be adjusted according to the spine operation position or osteoporosis condition of a patient, and the fixing strength and stability are effectively improved.

Finally, the method is shown in fig. 5, fig. 6 and fig. 7, and is combined with fig. 2. Fig. 5, fig. 6 and fig. 7 are schematic views of usage states showing that when a physician performs an operation, the dual-path vertebral nail 1 with a strengthened fixing function is firstly locked, then the fixing rod 40 is clamped and fixed in the first U-shaped grooves 16, and the nut 41 is locked in the internal thread 19 to tighten the fixing rod 40. The fixing rod 40 can cross two double-path vertebral bone nails 1 with the function of strengthening the fixation, so as to strengthen the overall locking stability.

In summary, the dual-path vertebral bone nail 1 with the function of strengthening fixation achieves the effects of strengthening fixation strength, reducing operation range, reducing wound, reducing blood loss, and having wider application range. In addition to making it more convenient for the physician to perform the procedure, it is of utmost importance to benefit the patient and to minimize the risk and burden of the procedure.

Claims

1. A dual path vertebral bone screw with enhanced fixation, comprising:

the outer sleeve is in a hollow cylindrical shape and is divided into a first end and a second end, the first end is contracted inwards to form an accommodating space, and the second end is provided with a plurality of extension sections;

the main bone nail comprises a universal screw head and a first cone, the universal screw head is further provided with a first screw hole and a second screw hole, one end of the universal screw head is flat, the first screw hole and the second screw hole are respectively arranged in an inclined manner at different angles, and the other end of the universal screw head, which is different from the flat end, is hemispherical and is limited in the accommodating space so as to be adjusted and rotated; and

an auxiliary bone nail, one end of which is provided with an external thread, one end of which is different from the external thread is extended and provided with a second cone, the external thread is mutually locked with the first screw hole or the second screw hole, so that the auxiliary bone nail and the main bone nail form a first angle or a second angle, and the center of the end surface of the end provided with the external thread is provided with a tool locking part.

2. The dual path vertebral bone screw of claim 1 wherein the first angle is 10 degrees.

3. The dual path vertebral bone screw of claim 1 wherein the second angle is 15 degrees.

4. The dual-path vertebral nail of claim 1 wherein the extension segments are provided with an internal thread, and two adjacent extension segments of the extension segments form two first U-shaped slots, the two first U-shaped slots are oppositely disposed to clamp a fixation rod, and a nut is locked in the internal thread to tighten the fixation rod.

5. The dual path spinal screw of claim 4 wherein two adjacent ones of the other of the plurality of extensions form two second U-shaped slots, each second U-shaped slot being spaced apart from each first U-shaped slot, and wherein each first U-shaped slot has a greater depth than each second U-shaped slot.

6. The dual pathway vertebral bone screw of claim 1 wherein the first cone further defines a first spiral portion and a first head and the second cone further defines a second spiral portion and a second head.

7. The dual-path vertebral bone screw with enhanced fixation of claim 6, wherein the first and second conical heads are tapered.

8. The dual-path vertebral bone screw with enhanced fixation of claim 6, wherein the main bone screw has at least one occlusion line at a position where the first cone is connected to one end of the universal screw head and is adjacent to the first screw hole and the second screw hole, respectively, the occlusion line corresponding to and engaging with a portion of the second screw portion.

9. The bi-directional spinal nail of claim 1 wherein said tool-locking portion is convex.