CN114898916B - Acid-resistant distributed photovoltaic power generation cable, production equipment and use method - Google Patents

Acid-resistant distributed photovoltaic power generation cable, production equipment and use method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114898916B
CN114898916B CN202210212318.0A CN202210212318A CN114898916B CN 114898916 B CN114898916 B CN 114898916B CN 202210212318 A CN202210212318 A CN 202210212318A CN 114898916 B CN114898916 B CN 114898916B
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layer
cable
temperature
heat
conductor
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CN114898916A (en
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芮黎春
吴贤良
吴勇
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Wuxi City Pu Cao Technology Co ltd
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Wuxi City Pu Cao Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/0036—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/2806—Protection against damage caused by corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/2813—Protection against damage caused by electrical, chemical or water tree deterioration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/282—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable
    • H01B7/2825—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable using a water impermeable sheath
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H01B7/292—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to heat
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/42—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for heat dissipation or conduction
    • H01B7/421—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for heat dissipation or conduction for heat dissipation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/42—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for heat dissipation or conduction
    • H01B7/428—Heat conduction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00—Power cables
    • H01B9/02—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power equipment, in particular to an acid-resistant distributed photovoltaic power generation cable, production equipment and a use method thereof; the invention comprises a conductor, a protective component and a temperature control component, wherein the protective component and the temperature control component are coated outside the conductor, the protective component comprises an electric insulating layer, a soft armor layer and a surface layer, and the temperature control component comprises a unidirectional heat dissipation layer and a heat insulation layer; the outside of the conductor is sequentially coated with an electric insulating layer, a soft armor layer, a unidirectional heat dissipation layer, a heat insulation layer, a soft armor layer and a surface layer, the unidirectional heat dissipation layer is made of soft, transparent and heat-insulating PVC glass, a heat-conducting reflecting sheet is densely distributed in the PVC glass, the surface of the reflecting sheet, which faces the outer end of the cable, is plated with the reflecting layer, the surface of the reflecting sheet, which faces the inner end of the cable, is coated with a heat absorption layer, the surface of the heat insulation layer is densely distributed with penetrating gaps, and ports at two ends of the gaps are respectively provided with temperature memory alloy rods with the same critical temperature; the invention can effectively solve the problems of lower service life, larger electric energy transmission loss and the like in the prior art.

Description

Acid-resistant distributed photovoltaic power generation cable, production equipment and use method
Technical Field
The invention relates to an acid-resistant distributed photovoltaic power generation cable, production equipment and a use method.
Background
Cables are generally considered to be made of one or more mutually insulated conductors encased in an insulating and protective layer, wires that carry power or information from one location to another. Existing cables are classified into control cables, compensation cables, shielding cables, high temperature cables, computer cables, signal cables, coaxial cables, fire-resistant cables, marine cables, mining cables, aluminum alloy cables, photovoltaic cables, and the like.
In recent years, with the great popularization of new energy policies, solar energy is becoming more and more important as a new energy, solar energy is applied to various fields, for example, a photovoltaic power station is built to utilize solar energy for generating power, as the photovoltaic power station is generally built in a region with abundant sunlight, the natural environment is generally severe in the region with sufficient sunlight, the temperature is hot, the ultraviolet radiation is large, a photovoltaic cable is used as a key part in the photovoltaic power generation, the photovoltaic cable is often used under severe environmental conditions following a solar energy system, for example, high temperature (100 ℃) and ultraviolet radiation, day and night temperature difference is large, insect and termite gnawing, acid and alkali attack and the like, and the photovoltaic cable is used in such severe environment for a long time, so that the structural requirement of the photovoltaic cable is high.
The application number is: the patent document of CN202120519617.X discloses a soft aluminum alloy core photovoltaic cable, which comprises a soft aluminum alloy conductor, wherein an insulating layer is fixedly arranged outside the soft aluminum alloy conductor, a filling layer is fixedly arranged outside the insulating layer, an inner liner layer is fixedly arranged outside the filling layer, a braiding layer is fixedly arranged outside the inner liner layer, and a protective layer is fixedly arranged outside the braiding layer. The soft aluminum alloy is adopted as the conductor of the photovoltaic cable, so that the photovoltaic cable has soft and flexible performance, the insulating layer in the product adopts the irradiation-free material, the irradiation-free material can adopt the halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin material, the halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin material can be used as the irradiation-free photovoltaic cable material, the time and the cost are saved, the protective layer further protects the soft aluminum alloy conductor through the lining layer formed by the shielding layer and the protective layer, and the photovoltaic cable has the effects of resisting electrostatic interference, external magnetic field interference, radio frequency interference and the like under the action of the shielding layer, so that the photovoltaic cable is beneficial to use.
However, it still has the following disadvantages in actual operation:
first, the service life is low, because the photovoltaic power generation field is usually disposed in a place with sufficient sunlight and little smoke, which makes the photovoltaic cable to face the challenges of acid-base corrosion, ozone corrosion, hydrolytic corrosion, ultraviolet aging, abnormal temperature aging, animal gnawing, etc., while the cable in the above-mentioned reference cannot cope with these practical problems well.
Second, the power transmission loss is larger, because the higher the temperature of the photovoltaic cable is, the weaker the current carrying capacity of the cable is, while the cable in the above-mentioned comparison document does not have the capability of automatic cooling.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve the drawbacks of the prior art and to solve the problems set forth in the background art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an acid-resistant distributed photovoltaic power generation cable comprises a conductor, a protection component and a temperature control component, wherein the protection component and the temperature control component are coated outside the conductor.
Further, the protective component comprises an electric insulating layer, a soft armor layer and a skin layer, and the temperature control component comprises a unidirectional heat dissipation layer and a heat insulation layer; the outside of conductor is wrapped with electric insulating layer, soft armor layer, unidirectional heat dissipation layer, insulating layer, soft armor layer and epidermis layer in proper order.
Further, the conductor is any one of stranded wires formed by winding a single wire or a plurality of wires.
Further, a flexible filling rope is filled between the electric insulation layer and the conductor;
the unidirectional heat dissipation layer is made of soft, transparent and heat-insulating PVC glass, heat-conducting reflecting sheets are densely distributed in the PVC glass, the surface of each reflecting sheet facing the outer end of the cable is plated with a reflecting layer, the reflecting layer is any one of gold foil, silver foil or aluminum foil, and the surface of each reflecting sheet facing the inner end of the cable is coated with a heat absorption layer;
the surface of the heat insulation layer is densely covered with penetrating gaps, ports at two ends of the gaps are respectively provided with a temperature memory alloy rod with the same critical temperature, and the length of the temperature memory alloy rods below the critical temperature is smaller than that above the critical temperature;
the surface layer is made of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber.
Further, the deformation amplitude of the temperature memory alloy rod near the outer end of the cable is smaller than that near the inner end of the cable, and the notch is still in a closed state only when the temperature memory alloy rod near the outer end of the cable stretches, and is in an open state only when the temperature memory alloy rod near the inner end of the cable stretches;
the outer surface of the skin layer is also coated with a thermal induction color-changing layer.
Further, the change rule of the thermal induction color-changing layer along with the temperature is as follows: the color of the thermal induction color-changing layer is gradually changed from dark color to light color along with the low temperature rise.
Further, the outer surface of the thermal induction color-changing layer is also coated with a transparent paint protection layer.
The production equipment of the acid-resistant distributed photovoltaic power generation cable comprises a wire placing roller, a first winding device, a second winding device, a first coating device, a second coating device, a third coating device, a fourth coating device, a fifth coating device, a sixth coating device, a first lacquering device and a second lacquering device which are sequentially arranged; the input end of the second winding device is further provided with a wire coiling roller, the wire unwinding roller is wound with a wire in advance, and the wire coiling roller is wound with a filling rope in advance.
Further, the number of the pay-off rolls is at least one, the pay-off rolls are distributed in parallel, and the pay-off rolls and the wire winding rolls are driven by a gear motor;
the output end of the second winding device is also provided with an extrusion forming device;
and the output ends of the first lacquering device and the second lacquering device are respectively provided with a drying device.
The application method of the production equipment of the acid-resistant distributed photovoltaic power generation cable comprises the following steps of:
s1, twisting a specified number of wires into stranded wires through a first twisting device;
s2, filling the filling rope into the stranded wire gaps through a second stranded wire winding device;
s3, extruding the filling rope and the stranded wires into a cylinder shape through an extrusion molding device;
s4, uniformly and tightly wrapping the electric insulation layer on the stranded wires through a first wrapping device;
s5, uniformly and compactly coating a soft armor layer on the electric insulation layer through a second coating device;
s6, uniformly and tightly wrapping the unidirectional heat dissipation layer on the soft armor layer in the S5 through a third wrapping device;
s7, uniformly and tightly wrapping the heat insulation layer on the unidirectional heat dissipation layer through a fourth wrapping device;
s8, uniformly and compactly coating a soft armor layer on the heat insulation layer again through a fifth coating device;
s9, uniformly and tightly wrapping the surface layer on the soft armor layer in the S8 through a sixth wrapping device;
s10, uniformly spraying a thermal induction color-changing coating on the outer surface of the surface layer through a first lacquering device;
s11, drying the heat-sensitive color-changing coating through a drying device at the output end of the first painting device, so as to form a heat-sensitive color-changing layer;
s12, uniformly spraying protective paint on the outer surface of the thermal induction color-changing layer through a second painting device;
and S13, drying the protective paint through a drying device at the output end of the second painting device, thereby forming a paint surface protective layer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. according to the invention, the protective component is coated outside the conductor, and comprises an electric insulation layer, a soft armor layer and a skin layer, wherein the skin layer is made of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber.
Therefore, the electric leakage of the conductor can be avoided through the electric insulation layer, the soft armor layer protects the cable from being damaged by gnawing of animals, meanwhile, the soft armor layer has an electromagnetic shielding effect because of being made of metal materials, and the surface layer has the characteristics of excellent weather resistance, ozone resistance, heat resistance, acid and alkali resistance, water vapor resistance, corrosion resistance, ultraviolet resistance and the like because of adopting ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber.
The effect of effectively prolonging the service life of the cable in practical application is achieved.
2. The heat-insulating cable comprises a heat-insulating layer, a heat-insulating layer and a heat-insulating layer, wherein the heat-insulating layer is coated on the outer surface of a conductor, the heat-insulating layer is made of soft transparent PVC glass, a heat-conducting reflecting sheet is densely distributed in the PVC glass, the surface of the reflecting sheet, which faces the outer end of the cable, is plated with the reflecting layer, the reflecting layer is any one of gold foil, silver foil and aluminum foil, the surface of the reflecting sheet, which faces the inner end of the cable, is coated with a heat-absorbing layer, penetrating gaps are densely distributed on the surface of the heat-insulating layer, ports at two ends of the gaps are respectively provided with a temperature memory alloy rod with the same critical temperature, the deformation amplitude of the temperature memory alloy rod, which is lower than the critical temperature, of the length gap, of the temperature memory alloy rod is smaller than the critical temperature memory alloy rod, which is close to the outer end of the cable is smaller than the deformation amplitude of the temperature memory alloy rod, which is close to the inner end of the cable, and the gap is still in a closed state only when the temperature memory alloy rod, which is close to the inner end of the cable is stretched.
When the heat of the conductor rises to the designated temperature, the temperature control assembly can unidirectionally radiate the redundant heat on the conductor to the outside of the cable; and meanwhile, the influence of the external high temperature or low temperature on the temperature of the conductor can be prevented.
The effect of effectively improving the electric energy loss degree of the cable in the product of the invention when the cable runs is achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a partially cut-away view of a cable at a first viewing angle according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the cable at a second view angle of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional, structural view of a cable according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a structure of a notch on a thermal insulation layer according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing the state of a notch on the heat insulating layer when the temperatures of the two ends of the unidirectional heat radiating layer and the heat insulating layer are different.
Fig. 6 is a further explanatory diagram of the third row of the table in fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of area a in fig. 2.
Fig. 8 is a partially enlarged plan view of the unidirectional heat dissipation layer of the present invention from the outside of the cable to the inside.
Fig. 9 is a partially enlarged plan view of the unidirectional heat dissipation layer of the present invention from the inside of the cable to the outside.
Fig. 10 is a structural view of the photovoltaic cable production apparatus of the present invention.
1000-a protective component; 1001-an electrically insulating layer; 1002-soft armor; 1003-epidermal layer; 1004-filling rope; 1005-a thermally induced color change layer; 1006—a paint protective layer;
2000-a temperature control assembly; 2100—unidirectional heat sink layer; 2200-a heat insulating layer;
2101-PVC glass; 2102-reflecting sheet; 2103-reflective layer; 2104—a heat sink layer;
2201-notch; 2202—a temperature memory alloy rod;
3000-wire unwinding roller; 3001-a first winding device; 3002-a second winding device; 3003-first cladding means; 3004-second coating means; 3005-third coating means; 3006-fourth cladding means; 3007-fifth cladding means; 3008-sixth cladding means; 3009—a first lacquering device; 3010-a second lacquering device; 3011-a wire winding roller; 3012-a gear motor; 3013-an extrusion device; 3014-a drying device;
4000-conductors; 4001-wire.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, a further description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and examples. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced otherwise than as described herein, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments of the disclosure that follow.
An acid-resistant distributed photovoltaic power generation cable of the present embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 9: comprising a conductor 4000 and a protective component 1000 and a temperature control component 2000 which are wrapped outside the conductor 4000.
The protective assembly 1000 includes an electrically insulating layer 1001, a soft armor layer 1002, and a skin layer 1003; the electrical insulation layer 1001 is used for preventing the conductor 4000 from leaking, the soft armor layer 1002 is used for protecting the cable from being damaged when being gnawed by animals, so that faults such as short circuit or circuit break of the cable are avoided, and the skin layer 1003 is used for protecting the cable from being damaged by acid-base corrosion, ozone corrosion, hydrolytic corrosion, ultraviolet aging, abnormal temperature aging and the like, so that the effective service life of the cable is prolonged.
The temperature control assembly 2000 includes a unidirectional heat sink layer 2100 and a thermal insulation layer 2200.
The exterior of the conductor 4000 is sequentially coated with an electrical insulation layer 1001, a soft armor layer 1002, a unidirectional heat dissipation layer 2100, a thermal insulation layer 2200, a soft armor layer 1002 and a skin layer 1003.
Notably, are: in the practical application process of the present invention, the manner of coating the protective component 1000 and the temperature control component 2000 outside the conductor 4000 may also be: (1) the exterior of the conductor 4000 may also be covered with an electrically insulating layer 1001, a unidirectional heat dissipation layer 2100, a thermal insulation layer 2200, a soft armor layer 1002, and a skin layer 1003 in that order; (2) the exterior of the conductor 4000 may also be covered with an electrical insulation layer 1001, a unidirectional heat dissipation layer 2100, a soft armor layer 1002, a thermal insulation layer 2200, a soft armor layer 1002, and a skin layer 1003 in that order; (3) the exterior of conductor 4000 may also be covered with an electrically insulating layer 1001, a soft armor layer 1002, a unidirectional heat sink layer 2100, a thermal insulating layer 2200, a skin layer 1003, and so forth.
(one)
The conductor 4000 is a single wire 4100 or any one of stranded wires formed by stranding a plurality of wires 4100.
In this embodiment, the conductor 4000 is a stranded wire formed by twisting a plurality of strands of the wires 4100, because the stranded wire has the advantages of good bending resistance, high tensile strength, small cable size, attractive appearance, low loss and the like in the process of transmitting electric energy compared with the wires 4100.
(II)
Also filled between the electrically insulating layer 1001 and the conductor 4000 is a flexible filling cord 1004, in this embodiment the filling cord 1004 is made of flame retardant PP material, so that the filling cord 1004 is made of: (1) the product is white and clean, the cost is low, and the cost performance is extremely high; (2) good flame retardant property (off fire extinguishing); (3) special raw materials (no other raw materials are added, the production is convenient and easy, and the quality is stable); (4) environmental protection (recyclable and easy to recycle); (5) the aging resistance is excellent (the cable cannot be rotten after being filled for a long time); (6) good electrical insulation and flexibility.
(III)
The unidirectional heat dissipation layer 2100 is made of soft, transparent and heat-insulating PVC glass 2101, a heat-conductive reflective sheet 2102 is densely distributed in the PVC glass 2101, a reflective layer 2103 is plated on the surface of the reflective sheet 2102 facing the outer end of the cable, the reflective layer 2103 is any one of gold foil, silver foil or aluminum foil (in this embodiment, the reflective layer 2103 is made by gold foil electroplating, because the gold mirror has the best effect of reflecting the light radiation of the infrared band), and a heat absorption layer 2104 is coated on the surface of the reflective sheet 2102 facing the inner end of the cable (in this embodiment, the heat absorption layer 2104 is made of carbon nanotubes, because it can fully absorb the light radiation of the infrared band).
(IV)
The surface of the heat insulation layer 2200 is densely provided with penetrating gaps 2201, ports at two ends of the gaps 2201 are respectively provided with a temperature memory alloy rod 2202 with the same critical temperature, and the length of the temperature memory alloy rod 2202 below the critical temperature is smaller than the length above the critical temperature.
The magnitude of deformation of the temperature memory alloy rod 2202 near the outer end of the cable is smaller than the magnitude of deformation of the temperature memory alloy rod 2202 near the inner end of the cable, and the notch 2201 is still in the closed state only when the temperature memory alloy rod 2202 near the outer end of the cable is stretched, and the notch 2201 is in the open state only when the temperature memory alloy rod 2202 near the inner end of the cable is stretched.
Notably, are: in this embodiment, the temperature memory alloy rod 2202 has a two-way memory effect or a full-way memory effect, so that two temperature memory alloy rods 2202 at two ends of the notch 2201 can be ensured to form an equivalent valve in a matched manner.
Notably, are: the temperature memory alloy stems 2202 at both ends of the notch 2201 are exposed at the surfaces of the respective sides of the insulating layer 2200.
In summary, the working principles of the unidirectional heat dissipation layer 2100 and the heat insulation layer 2200 will be described with reference to fig. 3, 4 and 5 in combination with the above (three) and (four):
first, the conductor 4000 generates heat during power transmission, and then under certain environments (such as high environmental temperature, strong light exposure, etc.) or working conditions (such as short circuit of circuit, etc.), the temperature on the conductor 4000 exceeds the rated temperature thereof, which increases the power loss on the conductor 4000, so that the extra heat on the conductor 4000 needs to be dissipated to ensure the stability and reliability of the power system.
As shown in fig. 3: this is a cross-sectional block diagram of the cable of the present invention,
in the first step, when the temperature of the conductor 4000 exceeds the rated temperature, heat of the conductor 4000 is transferred to the reflective sheet 2102 in a radiation manner, and the heat absorbing layer 2104 of the reflective sheet 2102 continuously absorbs infrared radiation (i.e., heat) from the conductor 4000.
In the second step, the reflective sheet 2102 transmits heat to the temperature memory alloy rod 2202 at the inner end of the insulating layer 2200 in a radiation manner.
In this process, the inner temperature memory alloy rod 2202 of the insulating layer 2200 also radiates heat to the unidirectional heat radiation layer 2100, while the insulating layer 2200 radiates heat radiated from the reflecting sheet 2102 back to the unidirectional heat radiation layer 2100 due to no heat absorption by itself, and then the reflecting layer 2103 reflects the infrared radiation back again onto the insulating layer 2200 and the inner temperature memory alloy rod 2202 of the insulating layer 2200 (only a very small amount of infrared radiation is reflected onto the conductor 4000, and most of the infrared radiation is reflected back and forth between the unidirectional heat radiation layer 2100 and the insulating layer 2200).
Third, the heat of the one-way heat dissipation layer 2100 and the heat-insulating layer 2200 is applied to the inner temperature memory alloy rod 2202 of the heat-insulating layer 2200 to a critical temperature, so that the inner temperature memory alloy rod 2202 of the heat-insulating layer 2200 deforms and expands, thereby opening the notch 2201.
Fourth, after the notch 2201 is opened, heat between the unidirectional heat dissipation layer 2100 and the heat insulation layer 2200 is transferred to the skin layer 1003 in a radiation manner, and is radiated to the outside through the skin layer 1003.
Fifth, when the heat is recovered to be normal on the conductor 4000, the heat between the one-way heat-dissipating layer 2100 and the heat-insulating layer 2200 is reduced, the temperature on the inner end temperature memory alloy rod 2202 of the heat-insulating layer 2200 is lowered below the critical temperature, and the deformation of the inner end temperature memory alloy rod 2202 of the heat-insulating layer 2200 is shortened, thereby closing the notch 2201.
To sum up: the invention can combine the unique unidirectional heat dissipation layer 2100 and the unique heat insulation layer 2200 to form an equivalent unidirectional valve for limiting the heat transfer direction.
Notably, are: in fig. 4 and 5, T1 means a temperature of an outer end of the insulating layer 2200 (which may be regarded as an ambient temperature), T2 means a temperature between the insulating layer 2200 and the unidirectional heat dissipation layer 2100, and Tn means a critical temperature of the temperature memory alloy.
(V)
The skin layer 1003 is made of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, because ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber has good weather resistance, ozone resistance, heat resistance, acid and alkali resistance, water vapor resistance, color stability, electrical performance (good electrical insulation performance and corona resistance), oil-extended performance and normal temperature fluidity, which are superior or approximate to those of styrene-butadiene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, polyethylene and crosslinked polyethylene. Ethylene propylene diene monomer can be used for a long time at 120 ℃ and can be used for a short time or intermittently at 150-200 ℃; if a proper anti-aging agent is added, the use temperature of the anti-aging agent can be increased; the ethylene propylene diene monomer crosslinked by peroxide can be used under severe conditions; ethylene propylene diene monomer can be stretched for more than 150h without cracking under the condition that the ozone concentration is 50pphm and the stretching is 30 percent.
(six)
The outer surface of the skin layer 1003 is further coated with a thermal induction color-changing layer 1005, wherein the thermal induction color-changing layer 1005 has the following change rule along with the temperature: the color of the thermally induced color-changing layer 1005 changes gradually from dark color to light color as the temperature increases, so that the influence of sunlight exposure on the temperature of the cable can be reduced to a certain extent.
This may further limit the effect of the outside ambient temperature on the temperature of conductor 4000 (mainly to avoid the temperature rise of conductor 4000 caused by the high temperature of the environment) by thermally inducing a color-changing coating.
The outer surface of the thermochromic layer 1005 is further coated with a transparent paint protection layer 1006, so that the thermochromic coating can be effectively protected from local scratching or falling off due to mechanical friction.
The production equipment of the acid-resistant distributed photovoltaic power generation cable comprises a paying-off roller 3000, a first winding device 3001, a first winding device 3002, a first coating device 3003, a second coating device 3004, a third coating device 3005, a fourth coating device 3006, a fifth coating device 3007, a sixth coating device 3008, a first varnishing device 3009 and a second varnishing device 3010 which are sequentially arranged; the first winding device 3002 is further provided at an input end thereof with a wire winding roller 3011, a wire 4100 is wound around the wire winding roller 3000 in advance, and a filler rope 1004 is wound around the wire winding roller 3011 in advance.
The number of the payout rollers 3000 is at least one, and the payout rollers 3000 are arranged side by side, and the payout rollers 3000 and the wire winding roller 3011 are driven by a gear motor 3012.
The output end of the first stranding device 3002 is further provided with an extrusion device 3013, so as to press the stranded wire into a standard cylindrical shape.
The output ends of the first varnishing unit 3009 and the second varnishing unit 3010 are respectively provided with a drying unit 3014, so that the thermal-induction color-changing coating and the paint surface protection layer 1006 can be dried rapidly, and the production efficiency of the cable is accelerated.
The application method of the production equipment of the acid-resistant distributed photovoltaic power generation cable comprises the following steps of:
s1, a specified number of wires 4100 are twisted into a stranded wire by the first twisting device 3001.
S2, the filling rope 1004 is filled into the stranded wire gap by the first stranding device 3002.
And S3, extruding the filling rope 1004 and the stranded wires into a cylindrical shape by an extrusion molding device 3013.
S4, the electrical insulation layer 1001 is uniformly and tightly wrapped on the stranded wire by the first wrapping device 3003.
S5, a soft armor 1002 is uniformly and compactly coated on the electrically insulating layer 1001 by a second coating device 3004.
S6, uniformly and tightly wrapping the unidirectional heat dissipation layer 2100 on the soft armor 1002 in S5 by the third wrapping device 3005.
S7, the heat insulation layer 2200 is uniformly and tightly wrapped on the unidirectional heat dissipation layer 2100 by the fourth wrapping device 3006.
S8, a soft armor 1002 is uniformly and tightly covered on the insulating layer 2200 again by the fifth covering device 3007.
S9, the skin layer 1003 is uniformly and tightly wrapped on the soft armor layer 1002 in S8 by the sixth wrapping means 3008.
S10, the outer surface of the skin layer 1003 is uniformly sprayed with the thermochromic paint by the first paint device 3009.
S11, the heat-sensitive color-changing paint is dried by a drying device 3014 at the output end of the first painting device 3009, so as to form a heat-sensitive color-changing layer 1005.
And S12, uniformly spraying protective paint on the outer surface of the thermal induction color-changing layer 1005 by the second paint device 3010.
And S13, drying the protective paint by a drying device 3014 at the output end of the second painting device 3010, thereby forming a paint surface protective layer 1006.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any equivalent embodiments which can be changed or modified by the technical content disclosed above can be applied to other fields, but any simple modification, equivalent changes and modification made to the above-mentioned embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention without departing from the technical content of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An acid-resistant distributed photovoltaic power generation cable, which is characterized in that: comprises a conductor (4000), a protective component (1000) and a temperature control component (2000) which are coated outside the conductor (4000);
the protective component (1000) comprises an electric insulation layer (1001), a soft armor layer (1002) and a skin layer (1003), and the temperature control component (2000) comprises a unidirectional heat dissipation layer (2100) and a heat insulation layer (2200); the outside of the conductor (4000) is sequentially coated with an electric insulation layer (1001), a soft armor layer (1002), a unidirectional heat dissipation layer (2100), a heat insulation layer (2200), the soft armor layer (1002) and a skin layer (1003);
a flexible filling rope (1004) is filled between the electric insulation layer (1001) and the conductor (4000);
the unidirectional heat dissipation layer (2100) is made of soft, transparent and heat-insulating PVC glass (2101), a heat-conducting reflecting sheet (2102) is densely distributed in the PVC glass (2101), a reflecting layer (2103) is plated on the surface of the reflecting sheet (2102) facing the outer end of the cable, the reflecting layer (2103) is any one of gold foil, silver foil or aluminum foil, and a heat absorption layer (2104) is coated on the surface of the reflecting sheet (2102) facing the inner end of the cable;
the surface of the heat insulation layer (2200) is densely provided with penetrating gaps (2201), ports at two ends of the gaps (2201) are respectively provided with a temperature memory alloy rod (2202) with the same critical temperature, and the length of the temperature memory alloy rod (2202) below the critical temperature is smaller than the length of the temperature memory alloy rod above the critical temperature;
the surface layer (1003) is made of ethylene propylene diene monomer.
2. The acid-resistant distributed photovoltaic power generation cable according to claim 1, characterized in that the conductor (4000) is a single wire (4001) or any one of stranded wires formed by stranding a plurality of wires (4001).
3. The acid resistant distributed photovoltaic power generation cable according to claim 1, characterized in that the deformation amplitude of the temperature memory alloy rod (2202) of the notch (2201) near the outer end of the cable is smaller than the deformation amplitude of the temperature memory alloy rod (2202) near the inner end of the cable, and that the notch (2201) is still in the closed state only when the temperature memory alloy rod (2202) near the outer end of the cable is stretched, and that the notch (2201) is in the open state only when the temperature memory alloy rod (2202) near the inner end of the cable is stretched;
the outer surface of the skin layer (1003) is also coated with a thermally induced color-changing layer (1005).
4. An acid-resistant distributed photovoltaic power generation cable according to claim 3, characterized in that the thermal-induced discoloration layer (1005) has a law of change with temperature of: the thermally induced color-changing layer (1005) shows a color that gradually changes from dark to light as the temperature increases from low.
5. An acid resistant distributed photovoltaic power generation cable according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer surface of the thermally induced color-changing layer (1005) is further coated with a transparent lacquer protection layer (1006).
6. The production equipment of the acid-resistant distributed photovoltaic power generation cable according to claim 5, comprising a wire placing roller (3000), a first winding device (3001), a second winding device (3002), a first coating device (3003), a second coating device (3004), a third coating device (3005), a fourth coating device (3006), a fifth coating device (3007), a sixth coating device (3008), a first varnishing device (3009) and a second varnishing device (3010) which are sequentially arranged; the input end of the second winding device (3002) is further provided with a wire coiling roller (3011), the wire (4001) is wound on the wire paying-off roller (3000) in advance, and the filling rope (1004) is wound on the wire coiling roller (3011) in advance.
7. The production equipment of the acid-resistant distributed photovoltaic power generation cable according to claim 6, wherein the number of the paying-off rollers (3000) is at least one, and the paying-off rollers (3000) are distributed in parallel, and the paying-off rollers (3000) and the coiling rollers (3011) are driven by a gear motor (3012);
the output end of the second winding device (3002) is also provided with an extrusion forming device (3013);
and the output ends of the first painting device (3009) and the second painting device (3010) are respectively provided with a drying device (3014).
8. The method of using the production equipment of the acid-resistant distributed photovoltaic power generation cable according to claim 7, comprising the following steps:
s1, twisting a specified number of wires (4001) into stranded wires through a first twisting device (3001);
s2, filling the filling rope (1004) into the stranded wire gap through a second stranded wire winding device (3002);
s3, extruding the filling rope (1004) and the stranded wires into a cylinder shape through an extrusion molding device (3013);
s4, uniformly and tightly wrapping the electric insulation layer (1001) on the stranded wires through a first wrapping device (3003);
s5, uniformly and compactly coating a soft armor layer (1002) on the electric insulation layer (1001) through a second coating device (3004);
s6, uniformly and tightly wrapping the unidirectional heat dissipation layer (2100) on the soft armor layer (1002) in the S5 through a third wrapping device (3005);
s7, uniformly and tightly wrapping the heat insulation layer (2200) on the unidirectional heat dissipation layer (2100) through a fourth wrapping device (3006);
s8, uniformly and compactly coating a soft armor layer (1002) on the heat insulation layer (2200) again through a fifth coating device (3007);
s9, uniformly and tightly wrapping the surface layer (1003) on the soft armor layer (1002) in the S8 through a sixth wrapping device (3008);
s10, uniformly spraying a thermal induction color-changing coating on the outer surface of the surface layer (1003) through a first painting device (3009);
s11, drying the thermally-induced color-changing coating through a drying device at the output end of the first painting device (3009), so as to form a thermally-induced color-changing layer (1005);
s12, uniformly spraying protective paint on the outer surface of the thermal induction color-changing layer (1005) through a second painting device;
and S13, drying the protective paint through a drying device at the output end of the second painting device, thereby forming a paint surface protection layer (1006).
CN202210212318.0A 2022-03-04 2022-03-04 Acid-resistant distributed photovoltaic power generation cable, production equipment and use method Active CN114898916B (en)

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CN201965959U (en) * 2011-02-25 2011-09-07 山东华凌电缆有限公司 Photovoltaic cable
US9449739B2 (en) * 2012-10-16 2016-09-20 The Boeing Company High power, high frequency power cable
CN209571254U (en) * 2019-04-10 2019-11-01 宝应县嘉永电器有限公司 A kind of photovoltaic cable that protection effect is good
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