CN114896846A - Method for analyzing propagation of explosive shock waves in hollow ball sandwich composite structure with variable mass - Google Patents
Method for analyzing propagation of explosive shock waves in hollow ball sandwich composite structure with variable mass Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114896846A CN114896846A CN202210563512.3A CN202210563512A CN114896846A CN 114896846 A CN114896846 A CN 114896846A CN 202210563512 A CN202210563512 A CN 202210563512A CN 114896846 A CN114896846 A CN 114896846A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- composite structure
- hollow sphere
- laminated plate
- propagation
- sandwich
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16C—COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY; CHEMOINFORMATICS; COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
- G16C60/00—Computational materials science, i.e. ICT specially adapted for investigating the physical or chemical properties of materials or phenomena associated with their design, synthesis, processing, characterisation or utilisation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2111/00—Details relating to CAD techniques
- G06F2111/10—Numerical modelling
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2113/00—Details relating to the application field
- G06F2113/08—Fluids
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2113/00—Details relating to the application field
- G06F2113/26—Composites
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
Abstract
The invention discloses a propagation analysis method of an explosion shock wave in a quality-change hollow ball sandwich composite structure, which is used for predicting deformation modes of hollow ball sandwich composite structures with different qualities under an explosion load and propagation rules of the explosion shock wave so as to further control the anti-explosion performance of the structure. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a laminated plate-hollow sphere sandwich composite structure and analyzing a deformation mode of dynamic response of the laminated plate-hollow sphere sandwich composite structure; three stages of introducing explosion shock waves to propagate and diffuse in the composite structure; the protection capability of the composite structure of the laminated plate and the hollow sphere sandwich is controlled by adjusting the mass of the hollow sphere. The analysis method provided by the invention can select a proper laminated plate material and a proper geometric dimension on the premise of knowing the explosion environment, and regulate and control the outer diameter and the wall thickness of the hollow sphere, so that the deformation mode of the composite structure is controlled, the propagation rule of the explosion shock wave in the composite structure is predicted, and the anti-explosion performance of the composite structure is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the explosion dynamics response of a hollow sphere sandwich composite structure, and particularly relates to a method for analyzing the propagation of explosion shock waves in hollow sphere composite structures with different qualities.
Background
The sandwich structure is composed of a panel, a sandwich layer and a panel, and is a common impact protection structure. Lightweight materials with strong buffering and energy absorbing characteristics, such as foam structures, honeycomb structures, lattice structures and the like, are generally used as sandwich layers of sandwich structures and applied to impact protection structure design in the fields of aerospace, traffic industry, military facilities and the like. The hollow metal ball has a uniform internal structure and a simple manufacturing process, and is a foam material with wide application. The structure has excellent performances of low density, high specific strength, high specific rigidity and the like, and can keep lighter weight and larger energy absorption potential. Therefore, the method is widely applied to the field of military explosion protection.
With the development of the times and the advancement of science and technology, military weapons and operational environments are greatly changed. The rapid explosion speed and the strong destructive power on the battlefield cause serious threats to the safety of military equipment and fighters of our parties. The propagation attenuation rule of the explosion shock wave in the protective structure is mastered, and the war loss of equipment can be effectively reduced. The existing research finds that the energy absorption performance of the metal hollow ball is influenced by the quality, and the size of the outer diameter and the wall thickness are the key points for controlling the quality of the hollow ball. Therefore, the research on how to independently regulate and control the quality of the hollow sphere sandwich composite structure so as to control the protective performance of the composite structure under the explosive load to meet the requirements of light weight and high efficiency of the anti-explosion protective armor has important practical significance for improving the defense capability, battlefield viability and assault capability of our army under the medium and high intensity war conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to establish a laminated plate-hollow sphere sandwich composite structure, provide an analysis method of the whole and local deformation of the structure under an explosive load, provide a propagation and diffusion path of an explosive shock wave in the composite structure, and for a known explosive environment, through setting a proper hollow sphere mass, the composite structure generates minimum deformation when being subjected to the explosive load, plays a maximum role in attenuating the explosive shock wave, and realizes optimal protective performance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
step 1: establishing a laminated plate-hollow sphere sandwich composite structure and analyzing a deformation mode of dynamic response of the laminated plate-hollow sphere sandwich composite structure;
step 2: three stages of introducing explosion shock waves to propagate and diffuse in the composite structure;
and step 3: the protection capability of the composite structure of the laminated plate and the hollow sphere sandwich is controlled by adjusting the mass of the hollow sphere.
The step 1 specifically comprises the steps of firstly determining the whole quality range of the protective structure according to the field explosion environment, and giving the specific sizes of an upper laminated plate and a lower laminated plate according to the actual engineering requirements; secondly, performing mass calculation, obtaining a hollow sphere sandwich layer meeting the requirements of quality and size by changing the size of the outer diameter and the wall thickness, establishing a laminated plate-hollow sphere sandwich composite structure and a corresponding air and explosive model by using ANSYS/LS-DYNA, and simultaneously performing fluid-solid coupling calculation; and finally, researching and calculating results, and giving out a deformation mode of the laminated plate-hollow sphere sandwich composite structure under the explosive load.
And 2, specifically, deriving the stress change of the laminated plate-hollow ball sandwich composite structure under the Lagrange algorithm by using LS-PREPOST, analyzing the transmission process and path of the explosive as a fluid under the ALE algorithm, and determining the transmission and diffusion rules of the explosive shock waves in the hollow ball sandwich composite structure with different masses by combining two results.
And 3, when the explosive load is determined, researching the propagation rule of the shock wave by means of numerical simulation, and controlling the overall mass of the hollow ball by regulating and controlling the outer diameter and the wall thickness of the hollow ball on the basis of selecting the geometric dimensions of a proper laminated plate material and a proper laminated plate, thereby realizing the regulation and control of the protection capability of the composite structure under the action of the explosive shock wave. When upper and lower plywood material and size are fixed, adjust the quality of clean shot sandwich layer, and then effective control composite construction's deformation mode and shock wave propagation mode, guarantee by the safety of protection thing.
According to the invention, by setting a proper laminated plate material and size, the reasonable outer diameter and wall thickness of the hollow sphere sandwich layer are determined, so that the quality control of the hollow sphere is realized, the deformation mode of the laminated plate-hollow sphere sandwich composite structure under the explosive load and the propagation path of the explosive shock wave can be controlled, and the anti-explosion performance of the structure is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a calculation model of a laminated plate-hollow sphere sandwich composite structure
FIG. 2 is a graph showing deformation modes and shock wave propagation rules of a laminated plate-hollow sphere sandwich composite structure
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention or its application.
As shown in figure 1, the whole composite structure is placed in an air area with a certain volume, the explosive is arranged with the volume of 4cm by 4cm, the detonation point is 6cm away from the composite structure, the laminated plate-hollow ball sandwich composite structure consists of an upper laminated plate-hollow ball sandwich-lower laminated plate, wherein the sandwich layer is formed by simply arranging single hollow balls with the same material and size, three different wall thicknesses of 0.1195cm, 0.239cm and 0.478cm are arranged on the basis of keeping the same outer diameter to form three composite structures with different masses, and the deformation modes of the three structures and the propagation path of the explosion shock wave are analyzed in a comparative way.
The first step is as follows: establishing a finite element model of a laminated plate with hollow spheres in simple cubic arrangement and a hollow sphere sandwich composite structure, setting relevant parameters, and analyzing a dynamic deformation mode of the model under an explosive load by using ANSYS/LS-DYNA software. As shown in fig. 2, the deformation modes of the three models are basically similar, that is, when a shock wave propagates to the upper laminate in the air, the upper laminate is stressed and deformed by the pressure of the shock wave, and the deformation of the sandwich layer is caused, at this stage, the upper panel is firstly subjected to plastic deformation, and the deformation mode of internal cracking is rapidly generated; along with the continuous progress of explosion, the upper panel is damaged, the shock wave starts to directly compress the sandwich layer, so that the hollow ball is subjected to transverse and longitudinal extrusion to generate plastic deformation, the hollow ball sandwich layer with different masses can generate plastic deformation and damage in different degrees, the hardness of the hollow ball with large wall thickness is larger, and the current explosive equivalent cannot fully deform the sandwich layer; meanwhile, a part of shock waves penetrate through the gap of the hollow ball to reach the lower panel, the lower panel is bent and deformed, the interface debonding phenomenon occurs between the panel and the sandwich layer, the model generates a local sunken deformation mode, the middle-high quality model is punctured, and the protection performance is greatly reduced.
The second step is that: based on a fluid-solid coupling algorithm, explosive and air are set to be fluids, the explosion propagation process of the explosive is observed in the LS-PREPOST, and the whole propagation process can be divided into three stages, which are shown in FIG. 2. The first explosion stage: the explosive is exploded from the initiation point and spreads outwards in the air in a spherical shape, and when the shock wave reaches the upper laminated plate of the composite structure, the first stage is finished; and (3) explosion second stage: the shock wave transversely propagates on the surface of the laminated plate towards two sides in an expanding way, and simultaneously locally downwards longitudinally propagates to cause the damage of the upper panel and the compression of the hollow sphere sandwich layer; and a third explosion stage: the propagation of shock waves between the sandwich layers can be divided into two parts, one part of shock waves reach the sandwich layers and apply pressure to the hollow spheres, the hollow spheres with different masses show different energy absorption capacities and play different dispersing roles on the shock waves, the hollow spheres with lighter masses are easier to generate compression deformation under the current explosive quantity, more shock waves are dissipated, and the shock waves which are not dissipated downwards propagate through gaps between the hollow spheres and reach the lower laminate plate to generate secondary spreading transverse propagation; another portion of the shock wave propagates laterally along the contact points of the hollow sphere array toward the sides remote from the charge. When a shock wave strikes the lower laminate, structural failure loses protection.
The third step: the previous two-step discussion shows that the method can predict the deformation mode of the plywood-hollow sphere sandwich composite structure under the explosive load and the propagation rule of the explosive shock wave. When the actual military engineering application has requirements on the structure size and the material consumption, the structure size and the mass distribution of hollow spheres can be flexibly designed according to actual needs, the anti-explosion performance of the composite structure is evaluated by numerical simulation, the cost can be effectively saved, and the damage of explosion loads to people and objects is reduced.
According to the method provided by the invention, the experimental test result and the numerical simulation result keep good consistency, and reliable reference is provided for the design of the anti-explosion structure in the military near-field explosion environment.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. A method for analyzing the propagation of explosion shock waves in a hollow ball sandwich composite structure with variable mass is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: establishing a laminated plate-hollow sphere sandwich composite structure and analyzing a deformation mode of dynamic response of the laminated plate-hollow sphere sandwich composite structure;
step 2: three stages of introducing explosion shock waves to propagate and diffuse in the composite structure;
and step 3: the protection capability of the composite structure of the laminated plate and the hollow sphere sandwich is controlled by adjusting the mass of the hollow sphere.
2. The method for analyzing the propagation of the explosive shock waves in the hollow ball sandwich composite structure with the changed mass according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 is to firstly determine the overall mass range of the protective structure according to the field explosion environment and to give the specific sizes of the upper and lower laminated plates according to the actual engineering requirements; secondly, performing mass calculation, obtaining a hollow sphere sandwich layer meeting the requirements of quality and size by changing the size of the outer diameter and the wall thickness, establishing a laminated plate-hollow sphere sandwich composite structure and a corresponding air and explosive model by using ANSYS/LS-DYNA, and simultaneously performing fluid-solid coupling calculation; and finally, researching and calculating results, and giving out a deformation mode of the laminated plate-hollow sphere sandwich composite structure under the explosive load.
3. The method for analyzing the propagation of the detonation waves in the hollow ball sandwich composite structure with the changed mass according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the LS-PREPOST is used for deriving the stress change of the laminated plate-hollow ball sandwich composite structure under the Lagrange algorithm, then the propagation process and the path of the explosive as the fluid under the ALE algorithm are analyzed, and the propagation and diffusion rules of the detonation waves in the hollow ball sandwich composite structure with different mass are determined by combining the two results.
4. The method for analyzing the propagation of the explosive shock wave in the sandwich composite structure with the hollow sphere with the changeable mass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the step 3, when the explosive load is determined, the propagation rule of the shock wave is researched by means of numerical simulation, and on the basis of selecting the geometric dimensions of a proper laminated plate material and a proper laminated plate, the overall mass of the hollow sphere is controlled by regulating and controlling the outer diameter and the wall thickness of the hollow sphere, so that the protection capability of the composite structure under the action of the explosive shock wave is regulated and controlled; when upper and lower plywood material and size are fixed, adjust the quality of clean shot sandwich layer, and then effective control composite construction's deformation mode and shock wave propagation mode, guarantee by the safety of protection thing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210563512.3A CN114896846A (en) | 2022-05-23 | 2022-05-23 | Method for analyzing propagation of explosive shock waves in hollow ball sandwich composite structure with variable mass |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210563512.3A CN114896846A (en) | 2022-05-23 | 2022-05-23 | Method for analyzing propagation of explosive shock waves in hollow ball sandwich composite structure with variable mass |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114896846A true CN114896846A (en) | 2022-08-12 |
Family
ID=82724613
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210563512.3A Pending CN114896846A (en) | 2022-05-23 | 2022-05-23 | Method for analyzing propagation of explosive shock waves in hollow ball sandwich composite structure with variable mass |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114896846A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140099472A1 (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2014-04-10 | Greenhill Antiballistics Corporation | Composite material |
| CN104792224A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-07-22 | 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 | Composite armor structure preventing blast waves |
| CN105774052A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-07-20 | 邓安仲 | Sandwich composite material of column cell structure formed by multilayer overlay of curved bodies |
| CN106123710A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-16 | 西安交通大学 | The airtight spherical anti-explosion container of foam metal sandwich |
| CN113591249A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-02 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Simulation calculation method and system for explosion impact resistance of converter station plugging structure |
-
2022
- 2022-05-23 CN CN202210563512.3A patent/CN114896846A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140099472A1 (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2014-04-10 | Greenhill Antiballistics Corporation | Composite material |
| CN104792224A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-07-22 | 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 | Composite armor structure preventing blast waves |
| CN105774052A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-07-20 | 邓安仲 | Sandwich composite material of column cell structure formed by multilayer overlay of curved bodies |
| CN106123710A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-16 | 西安交通大学 | The airtight spherical anti-explosion container of foam metal sandwich |
| CN113591249A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-02 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Simulation calculation method and system for explosion impact resistance of converter station plugging structure |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| O.PETEL等: "Explosive fragmentation of liquids in spherical geometry", 《SHOCK WAVES》, vol. 27, 8 June 2016 (2016-06-08), pages 383 - 393, XP036210200, DOI: 10.1007/s00193-016-0671-y * |
| 孙鑫: "空心球/Al多孔复合材料压缩性能及其夹芯板抗爆特性", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技I辑》, 15 March 2022 (2022-03-15), pages 020 - 475 * |
| 王玥: "碳纤维层合板及其夹芯复合结构抗爆机理研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技II辑 》, 15 October 2023 (2023-10-15), pages 032 - 9 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Lv et al. | Study on blast resistance of a composite sandwich panel with isotropic foam core with negative Poisson's ratio | |
| Sun et al. | High-velocity impact behaviour of aluminium honeycomb sandwich panels with different structural configurations | |
| Ebrahimi et al. | Honeycomb sandwich panels subjected to combined shock and projectile impact | |
| Rimoli et al. | Wet-sand impulse loading of metallic plates and corrugated core sandwich panels | |
| Feng et al. | Impact mechanics of topologically interlocked material assemblies | |
| Ni et al. | Ballistic resistance of hybrid-cored sandwich plates: Numerical and experimental assessment | |
| Liu et al. | Theoretical investigation on impact resistance and energy absorption of foams with nonlinearly varying density | |
| Shao et al. | Numerical analysis on impact response of ultra-high strength concrete protected with composite materials against steel ogive-nosed projectile penetration | |
| Ebrahimi et al. | Metallic sandwich panels subjected to multiple intense shocks | |
| Liu et al. | The impact responses and failure mechanism of composite gradient reentrant honeycomb structure | |
| Zeng et al. | Fabrication method and dynamic responses of composite sandwich structure with reentrant honeycomb cores | |
| Zhang et al. | Investigation of bird-strike resistance of composite sandwich curved plates with lattice/foam cores | |
| Tang et al. | Simulation of CFRP/aluminum foam sandwich structure under high velocity impact | |
| CN114896846A (en) | Method for analyzing propagation of explosive shock waves in hollow ball sandwich composite structure with variable mass | |
| Wang et al. | Damage analysis of typical structures of aircraft under high-velocity fragments impact | |
| Qiang et al. | Dynamic performance of ultralight corrugated sandwich plate with FML face-sheets impacted by FSP-foam composite projectile | |
| Liang et al. | Influence of multi-layer core on the blast response of composite sandwich cylinders | |
| Lan et al. | Impact resistance of foam-filled hybrid-chiral honeycomb beam under localized impulse loading | |
| Zhang et al. | Normal and oblique impact on polyurea-coated ASTM1045 steel plates by small-arms projectiles | |
| Liu et al. | Dynamic response of square sandwich panels with stagger-layered honeycomb cores under intensive near-field air blast loading | |
| Deka et al. | Damage evolution and energy absorption of FRP plates subjected to ballistic impact using a numerical model | |
| Liu et al. | On the Elastoplastic Dynamic Response of Steel Belt Staggered Multi-Layer Cylindrical Shell Subjected to External Blast Loading | |
| Lomazzi et al. | Numerical study on the influence of boundary conditions on the blast response of composite plates | |
| Patel et al. | Numerical Investigation of Air-Blast Performance of Cross-Filled Honeycomb Sandwich Panel | |
| Yang et al. | Lightweight recoverable mechanical metamaterials for efficient buffering of continuous multi extreme impacts |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |