CN114894920B - Method for distinguishing rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae and rhizoma atractylodis lanceae aqueous extracts - Google Patents

Method for distinguishing rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae and rhizoma atractylodis lanceae aqueous extracts Download PDF

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CN114894920B
CN114894920B CN202210394671.5A CN202210394671A CN114894920B CN 114894920 B CN114894920 B CN 114894920B CN 202210394671 A CN202210394671 A CN 202210394671A CN 114894920 B CN114894920 B CN 114894920B
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rhizoma atractylodis
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atractylodis macrocephalae
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CN114894920A (en
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张志强
董晨虹
程立伟
周南
周永康
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Beijing Tcmages Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for distinguishing rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae and rhizoma atractylodis lanceae aqueous extracts, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a characteristic map of an object to be detected by adopting a high performance liquid chromatography; the characteristic map at least comprises 4 characteristic peaks which are respectively named as peak 1, peak 2, peak 4 and peak 7, the peak 4 corresponding to chlorogenic acid is taken as an S peak, and the relative retention time of other characteristic peaks and the S peak is within +/-10% of a specified value; the specified values of the peak 1, the peak 2 and the peak 7 are as follows in sequence: 0.675, 0.705, 1.182; if the peak area ratio of the peak 2 to the peak 1 in the characteristic spectrum of the object to be detected is greater than 0.3, or/and the peak area ratio of the peak 7 to the peak 1 is greater than 1; the substance to be detected is an aqueous extract of rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae, otherwise, the substance is an aqueous extract of rhizoma atractylodis lanceae. The method can quickly and accurately distinguish the water extracts of the rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae and the rhizoma atractylodis lanceae, and is very simple and convenient to operate.

Description

Method for distinguishing rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae and rhizoma atractylodis lanceae aqueous extracts
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of traditional Chinese medicine identification, and particularly relates to a method for distinguishing rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae from rhizoma atractylodis lanceae aqueous extract.
Background
The rhizoma Atractylodis is dried rhizome of Atractylodes lancea DC or Atractylodes chinensis Koidz of Compositae. Pungent and bitter with warm nature. It enters spleen, stomach and liver meridians. Has the effects of eliminating dampness, strengthening spleen, dispelling pathogenic wind, dispelling cold, and improving eyesight. Can be used for treating damp obstruction of middle warmer, abdominal distention, diarrhea, edema, tinea pedis atrophy 36484m, rheumatalgia, wind-cold type common cold, night blindness, dim eyesight, and astringency. Modern pharmacological studies show that rhizoma atractylodis has definite antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects [1].
Rhizoma Atractylodis contains volatile oil, more than 200 kinds of compounds are reported, and comprises a series of sesquiterpenes and their glycosides (such as guaiane type sesquiterpene and its glycosides, eudesmane type sesquiterpene and its glycosides), polyvinyl alkynes, small amount of phenols, organic acids, sesquiterpene lactone, sesquiterpene glycoside, polysaccharide and small amount of flavonoids, wherein the main active ingredients are sesquiterpene and polyvinyl alkynes. In addition, the rhizoma Atractylodis also contains chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, ursolic acid and other active ingredients.
The rhizoma atractylodis decoction pieces are prepared by removing impurities from rhizoma atractylodis, cleaning, moistening, slicing into thick pieces and drying. The varieties of the rhizoma atractylodis on the market are different due to the harvesting time, the growth environment and the growth area, for example: rhizoma Atractylodis and rhizoma Atractylodis; the two original rhizoma atractylodis are mainly identified by appearance characters. For the rhizoma atractylodis formula particles, the rhizoma atractylodis formula particles are prepared by boiling with water, the appearance properties of original plants of medicinal materials are lost, most of volatile oil components are difficult to dissolve in water, the volatile oil components are easy to volatilize when being heated in the extraction process, the water extract only contains a very small amount of volatile components, and the difference is difficult to distinguish by means of gas chromatography and the like. In addition, in the prior art, a differential method for identifying the two aqueous extracts is not found, and if the differential substances extracted by the two aqueous extracts cannot be screened, the two aqueous extracts may be mixed and cannot be monitored.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the problem that how to effectively identify the aqueous extracts of the Atractylodes lancea and the Atractylodes lancea in the prior art is not disclosed; thereby providing a method for distinguishing the water extracts of the rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae and the rhizoma atractylodis lanceae.
The water extract in the invention refers to a substance obtained by water extraction of rhizoma atractylodis decoction pieces or rhizoma atractylodis lanceae decoction pieces, and includes but is not limited to an extracting solution, a concentrate, a dry powder or a formula granule.
A method for distinguishing rhizoma Atractylodis and Atractylodes lancea water extract comprises obtaining characteristic spectrum of the sample by high performance liquid chromatography; the characteristic map at least comprises 4 characteristic peaks which are respectively named as peak 1, peak 2, peak 4 and peak 7, the peak 4 corresponding to chlorogenic acid is taken as an S peak, and the relative retention time of other characteristic peaks and the S peak is within +/-10% of a specified value; the specified values of the peak 1, the peak 2 and the peak 7 are as follows in sequence: 0.675, 0.705, 1.182;
if the peak area ratio of the peak 2 to the peak 1 in the characteristic spectrum of the to-be-detected substance is greater than 0.3, or/and the peak area ratio of the peak 7 to the peak 1 is greater than 1, the to-be-detected substance is a rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae water extract; otherwise, the rhizoma Atractylodis is water extract of rhizoma Atractylodis.
The characteristic map comprises 12 characteristic peaks, and the specified values of the 12 characteristic peaks are as follows in sequence: 0.675, 0.705, 0.808, 1.000, 1.022, 1.049, 1.182, 1.357, 1.750, 2.223, 2.346, 2.406.
The chromatographic conditions of the high performance liquid chromatography are as follows:
a chromatographic column: a chromatographic column using octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica as a filler; the detection wavelength is 330-340nm; acetonitrile is used as a mobile phase A, 0.05-0.15% formic acid is used as a mobile phase B, and elution is carried out according to the following gradient elution procedure, wherein:
Figure BDA0003596912260000021
the gradient elution procedure further comprises:
Figure BDA0003596912260000022
the column temperature of a chromatographic column in the high performance liquid chromatography is 25-35 ℃; the chromatographic column adopts a chromatographic column using octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica as a filler, and the specification of the chromatographic column is 2.1 x 100mm and 1.8 mu m; the flow rate is 0.3-0.5ml/min.
The preparation process of the test solution used in the high performance liquid chromatography comprises the following steps: taking the water extract of the Atractylodes chinensis or the Atractylodes lancea, adding a solvent, processing, and filtering to obtain a filtrate, wherein the filtrate is the test solution.
In the preparation process of the test solution, the treatment is ultrasonic treatment; the solvent is 10 percent by volume methanol aqueous solution.
During ultrasonic treatment, the treatment time is 60min, the power of ultrasonic treatment is 500W, and the frequency is 40kHz.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides a method for distinguishing rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae from atractylis lancea water extract, which can effectively distinguish the rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae water extract from the atractylis lancea water extract; the identification result is completely consistent with the actual result by comparing the identification result with the rhizoma atractylodis aqueous extracts and the atractylis lancea aqueous extracts in different producing areas, so that the identification result of the method is high in accuracy, and the identification process is very simple and quick.
2. The method has the advantages of rapidness, accuracy, stability and the like; the invention does not need to carry out quantitative characterization and calculation on the active ingredients in the extract, does not need to compare with the contrast characteristic spectrum of the known water extract, and can realize the species distinguishing judgment only by obtaining the characteristic spectrum of the object to be detected; and the data does not need to be imported into software for secondary analysis, so that time and labor are saved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a comparison map of the aqueous extract of Atractylodes chinensis and Atractylodes lancea.
Detailed Description
The examples do not indicate specific experimental procedures or conditions, and can be performed according to the procedures or conditions of the conventional experimental procedures described in the literature in the field. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by manufacturers, and are all conventional reagent products which can be obtained commercially.
The instrument comprises: waters ACQUITY
Figure BDA0003596912260000032
Ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph (TUV Detector ultraviolet Detector, empower 3 chromatography workstation); ME104E electronic balance (Mettler-toledo), JY2002 electronic balance (Mettler-toledo), KQ-100DE ultrasonic cleaner (Kunshan ultrasonic instruments, inc.).
Reagent preparation: methanol (national medicine, 20190618, analytical grade, 500 ml/vial), acetonitrile (merck, SHBK9453, chromatographic grade, 4L/barrel), formic acid (national medicine, 20190301, analytical grade, 500 ml/vial); the specific information of the rhizoma atractylodis decoction pieces is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003596912260000031
Figure BDA0003596912260000041
Example 1
A method for distinguishing rhizoma Atractylodis from rhizoma Atractylodis Lanceae water extract comprises the following steps:
1. preparation of aqueous extract:
processing rhizoma Atractylodis of different origins in Table 1 according to processing standard, making into decoction pieces, and making into water extract according to the following method. The preparation method of the aqueous extract comprises the following steps: soaking rhizoma Atractylodis decoction pieces for 30 min, decocting twice, adding 9 times of water to the first decoction piece, decocting for 30 min, adding 7 times of water to the second decoction piece, decocting for 20 min, filtering with 150 mesh filter cloth, mixing the filtrates, concentrating, and drying.
2. Obtaining the characteristic map of the object to be measured
2.1 preparing test solution
Grinding the water extract, collecting 0.5g, placing in a conical flask with a plug, adding 10% methanol 20ml, sealing the plug, ultrasonically treating for 60min, taking out, cooling, shaking, filtering, and collecting the filtrate.
Preparation of reference solution A proper amount of chlorogenic acid reference substance is precisely weighed, and 10% methanol is added to prepare a solution containing 0.8 μ g of chlorogenic acid per 1ml as reference solution.
2.2 chromatography methods
The following chromatographic conditions were used for detection:
octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica is used as a filler (the column length is 100mm, the inner diameter is 2.1mm, and the particle size is 1.8 mu m); acetonitrile is used as a mobile phase A,0.1% formic acid is used as a mobile phase B, and gradient elution is carried out according to the specification in the following table; the detection wavelength is 336nm, and the flow rate is 0.4ml per minute; the column temperature was 30 ℃.
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0003596912260000051
Injecting 5 μ l of the sample solution into a liquid chromatograph, measuring, and calculating to obtain the relative retention time result shown in Table 3 by taking the peak 4 corresponding to chlorogenic acid as an S peak; the peak 1 was regarded as the S peak, and the relative peak area of the other characteristic peaks shown in Table 4 to the peak 1 was calculated. Wherein, table 3 is the relative retention time of each characteristic peak in the water extract relative to the S peak, and table 4 is the relative peak area of each characteristic peak in the water extract relative to the S peak, that is, the peak area ratio of each characteristic peak to peak 1.
TABLE 3
Figure BDA0003596912260000052
/>
Figure BDA0003596912260000061
TABLE 4
Figure BDA0003596912260000062
/>
Figure BDA0003596912260000071
3. Judging the type according to the detection result
The determination rule of the aqueous extracts of Atractylodes lancea and Atractylodes lancea in the present invention is shown in Table 5 below.
TABLE 5
Figure BDA0003596912260000072
From the results in table 4, it can be seen that: the peak area ratio range of peak 2/peak 1 in the characteristic spectrum of 18 water extract freeze-dried powder batches in rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae is 0.37-1.82, and the peak area ratio range of peak 2/peak 1 in rhizoma atractylodis lanceae is 0.06-0.20; the peak area ratio range of peak 7/peak 1 in the characteristic spectrum of 18 water extract freeze-dried powder batches in the rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae is 1.27-5.37, and the peak area ratio range of the rhizoma atractylodis lanceae peak 7/peak 1 is 0.39-0.77.
The results in table 4 above, in conjunction with the judgment rules in table 5, show that: the results judged by the judgment rules in the table 5 completely accord with the actual types recorded in the table 1, so that the method disclosed by the invention can be effectively applied to the rapid distinguishing of the aqueous extracts of the rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae and the rhizoma atractylodis lanceae, and the operation result is very accurate.
In order to further verify the judgment accuracy of the method, the characteristic spectrum of one batch of the water extract of the rhizoma atractylodis is used as a contrast characteristic spectrum, other water extracts are compared with the contrast characteristic spectrum of the water extract of the rhizoma atractylodis, the contrast results show that the similarity of the characteristic spectrums of the freeze-dried powder of the water extract of the rhizoma atractylodis is more than 0.90, and the similarity of the characteristic spectrum of the freeze-dried powder of the water extract of the rhizoma atractylodis is only about 0.795.
Example 2
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that, in the step of obtaining the characteristic map of the analyte, the adopted chromatographic conditions are different, and the other steps are completely the same as those in embodiment 1, and the chromatographic conditions in this embodiment are specifically set as follows:
octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica is used as a filler (the column length is 100mm, the inner diameter is 2.1mm, and the particle size is 1.8 mu m); acetonitrile was used as mobile phase a,0.15% formic acid was used as mobile phase B, and gradient elution was performed as specified in table 2 above; the detection wavelength is 340nm, and the flow rate is 0.3ml per minute; the column temperature was 25 ℃.
Example 3
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that, in the step of obtaining the characteristic map of the analyte, the adopted chromatographic conditions are different, and the other steps are completely the same as those in embodiment 1, and the chromatographic conditions in this embodiment are specifically set as follows:
octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica is used as a filler (the column length is 100mm, the inner diameter is 2.1mm, and the particle size is 1.8 mu m); acetonitrile was used as mobile phase a,0.05% formic acid was used as mobile phase B, and gradient elution was performed as specified in table 2 above; the detection wavelength is 330nm, and the flow rate is 0.5ml per minute; the column temperature was 35 ℃.
Peak area ratios of peak 2 and peak 7 to peak 1 in the characteristic maps obtained in the above examples 2 and 3 are shown in tables 6 and 7 below, respectively. Wherein, table 6 is the peak area ratio of peak 2 to peak 7 relative to peak 1 under the chromatographic conditions in example 2, and table 7 is the peak area ratio of peak 2 to peak 7 relative to peak 1 under the chromatographic conditions in example 3.
TABLE 6
Figure BDA0003596912260000081
/>
Figure BDA0003596912260000091
TABLE 7
Figure BDA0003596912260000092
Figure BDA0003596912260000101
As can be seen from the tables 6 to 7, the peak area ratios of peak 2/peak 1 in the characteristic spectrum of 18 batches of water extract freeze-dried powder in Atractylodes lancea are all more than 0.3, and the peak area ratios of peak 2/peak 1 in Atractylodes lancea are all not more than 0.3; the peak area ratios of peak 7/peak 1 in the characteristic spectrum of 18 water extract freeze-dried powders in the rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae are all larger than 1, and the peak area ratios of peak 7/peak 1 in the rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae are all not larger than 1.
The range values described in tables 6 and 7 above completely agree with the numerical ranges in the judgment rules in table 5, and therefore, it can be demonstrated that the methods in examples 2 and 3 are also effectively applicable to the rapid discrimination of aqueous extracts of Atractylodes japonica and Atractylodes lancea.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. This need not be, nor should it be exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. A method for distinguishing rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae and rhizoma atractylodis lanceae aqueous extracts is characterized in that a characteristic map of an object to be detected is obtained by adopting a high performance liquid chromatography; the characteristic map at least comprises 4 characteristic peaks which are respectively named as peak 1, peak 2, peak 4 and peak 7, the peak 4 corresponding to chlorogenic acid is taken as an S peak, and the relative retention time of other characteristic peaks and the S peak is within +/-10% of a specified value; the specified values of the peak 1, the peak 2 and the peak 7 are as follows in sequence: 0.675, 0.705, 1.182;
if the peak area ratio of the peak 2 to the peak 1 in the characteristic spectrum of the to-be-detected substance is greater than 0.3, or/and the peak area ratio of the peak 7 to the peak 1 is greater than 1, the to-be-detected substance is a rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae water extract; otherwise, the rhizoma atractylodis lanceae water extract is obtained;
a chromatographic column: a chromatographic column using octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica as a filler, wherein the specification of the chromatographic column is 2.1 x 100mm and 1.8 mu m; acetonitrile is used as a mobile phase A, 0.05-0.15% formic acid is used as a mobile phase B, and elution is carried out according to the following gradient elution procedure, wherein:
time per minute A/% B/% 0~2 0 100 2~7 0→4 100→96 7~20 4→20 96→80
2. The method for distinguishing the rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae from the rhizoma atractylodis lanceae aqueous extract according to claim 1, wherein the feature spectrum comprises 12 feature peaks, and the specified values of the 12 feature peaks are as follows: 0.675, 0.705, 0.808, 1.000, 1.022, 1.049, 1.182, 1.357, 1.750, 2.223, 2.346, 2.406.
3. The method for distinguishing rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae from rhizoma atractylodis lanceae aqueous extract according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the chromatographic conditions of the high performance liquid chromatography are as follows:
the detection wavelength is 330-340nm.
4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the gradient elution procedure further comprises:
time/minute A/% B/% 20~23 20→22 80→78 23~24 22→24 78→76 24~39 24→65 76→35 39~41 65 35
5. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the aqueous extract of Atractylodes lancea and Atractylodes lancea is prepared by the steps of,
the column temperature of a chromatographic column in the high performance liquid chromatography is 25-35 ℃; the flow rate is 0.3-0.5ml/min.
6. The method for distinguishing the rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae from the rhizoma atractylodis lanceae aqueous extract according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sample solution used in the high performance liquid chromatography is prepared by the following steps: taking the water extract of the Atractylodes chinensis or the Atractylodes lancea, adding a solvent, processing, and filtering to obtain a filtrate, wherein the filtrate is the test solution.
7. The method for distinguishing rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae from rhizoma atractylodis lanceae aqueous extract according to claim 6, wherein the treatment is ultrasonic treatment during the preparation of the test solution; the solvent is methanol aqueous solution with volume fraction of 10%.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the sonication is carried out at a power of 500W and a frequency of 40kHz for 60 min.
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