CN114894823A - X-ray single-point imaging system - Google Patents

X-ray single-point imaging system Download PDF

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CN114894823A
CN114894823A CN202210825023.0A CN202210825023A CN114894823A CN 114894823 A CN114894823 A CN 114894823A CN 202210825023 A CN202210825023 A CN 202210825023A CN 114894823 A CN114894823 A CN 114894823A
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sample
point
image
sliding table
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CN114894823B (en
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刘时宇
冯艳
刘浪
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NANCHANG CAMPUS OF JIANGXI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/02Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
    • G01N23/04Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material

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Abstract

The invention discloses an X-ray single-point imaging system which is used for carrying out automatic single-point imaging on a sample to be detected. The translation sliding table is located below the X-ray source and used for placing a sample to be tested, and the translation sliding table moving parameters are set through the control and imaging module, so that the sample to be tested can automatically move on the translation sliding table along the X/Y axis direction, the position of the sample to be tested is changed, and automatic single-point imaging is carried out on each part of the sample to be tested. By the system, on one hand, automation of a single-point imaging process can be realized, labor cost is reduced, detection efficiency is improved, and image imaging accuracy is improved; on the other hand, the abnormal value and the algorithm can be screened for optimization, and the image display effect can be greatly improved.

Description

X-ray single-point imaging system
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of X-ray imaging, in particular to an X-ray single-point imaging system.
Background
With the development of science and technology, the application of particle imaging is more and more extensive, and X-ray imaging is taken as a ring of particle imaging which is particularly widely applied, and has important significance in the fields of medical detection, industrial detection, safety detection and the like.
The most important part of X-ray imaging is an X-ray sensor, and most of the X-ray sensors in practical application are in an array form similar to a camera sensor, but in the research and development process of the X-ray sensors, due to the problems of cost, process difficulty and the like, most of the X-ray sensors exist in a single-point sensor form, and single-point imaging is required for detecting the imaging effect of the X-ray sensors.
Single-point imaging is performed by moving a sample under X-rays, allowing different positions of the sample to pass through the X-rays and illuminate the X-ray sensors, and then storing the read data of the different position sensors in corresponding positions of a matrix, thereby forming a digital image.
The removal of sample needs manual control among the traditional single-point imaging process, and the data of reading out need manual save, and is consuming time and wasting power, and artificial reading is accurate inadequately moreover.
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to an X-ray single point imaging system, which can automatically move a sample and store image data, so as to automate the whole process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of high imaging cost, time consumption and labor consumption caused by the fact that the sample needs to be manually controlled and data needs to be manually stored in the traditional single-point imaging process, the invention provides the X-ray single-point imaging system, and the X-ray imaging automation is realized by controlling the movement of the sample to be detected through a program, automatically storing image data and the like.
The X-ray single-point imaging system is used for carrying out automatic single-point imaging on a sample to be detected and comprises an X-ray source, a translation sliding table, an X-ray detector, a data acquisition module and a control and imaging module, wherein,
the translation sliding table is positioned below the X-ray source, is connected with the X-ray detector and the control and imaging module, and is used for placing a sample to be detected, and the sample to be detected can translate along the X/Y axis direction below the X-ray source;
the data acquisition module is connected with the X-ray detector and the control and imaging module, and is used for acquiring data displayed by the X-ray detector and sending the data to the control and imaging module;
the control and imaging module is located at a computer terminal, is connected with the translation sliding table and the data acquisition module, is used for setting the movement parameters of the translation sliding table, receiving and storing the single-point image data sent by the data acquisition module, and storing the single-point image data by combining the XY axis position, and automatically sends an instruction to the translation sliding table to change the position of the sample to be detected according to the set movement parameters of the translation sliding table, so that a single-point image data matrix is obtained by repeating multiple operations, and the complete image of the sample to be detected is drawn.
And all the modules act together to realize automatic single-point imaging.
Further, the translation sliding table comprises an XY two-axis sliding table and a sample clamp, the sample clamp is used for fixing the sample to be detected, and the translation sliding table provides power through a stepping motor.
Furthermore, in order to prevent the translation sliding table from improperly operating outside a rated range due to control, the XY two-axis sliding table is further provided with limit switches at the extreme positions of the XY two axes.
Further, the data acquisition module may further perform preprocessing on the acquired data, where the preprocessing includes screening outliers, specifically, two-by-two subtraction is performed between adjacent numbers of the most recent data, and an average value is calculated to obtain a difference average value as a stability judgment, and when the difference average value is greater than a set threshold, it is determined that the difference average value is unstable, and the current data is filtered out. The data output by the data acquisition module can be more stable.
Furthermore, the control and imaging module is connected with the translation sliding table and the data acquisition module through serial ports and exchanges data.
Furthermore, the control and imaging module comprises a setting unit, an instruction control unit, a storage unit and an image imaging unit. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the setting unit is used for setting parameters on the terminal before imaging of the sample, and comprises the moving step length, the moving speed and the moving direction of the translation sliding table, the scanning step number of an X axis and a Y axis, and the data interval time and the data storage position acquired by the data acquisition module.
The instruction control unit is used for automatically sending a signal instruction to the translation sliding table according to the parameters set for the translation sliding table after the single-point image data matrix is obtained, and changing the position of the sample to be detected according to the parameter movement;
the storage unit is used for storing all single-point image data matrixes, and the data matrix format can be txt or xls files;
and the image imaging unit is used for calling out the single-point image data matrix in the storage unit and drawing a complete sample image to be detected.
Furthermore, the setting unit sets the upper limit and the lower limit of the sample to be detected in the X/Y axis movement of the translation sliding table, and the setting unit can set the sample to be detected according to the actual two-dimensional size of the sample to be detected, so that the collection of meaningless data is reduced.
And further, the device also comprises an image processing module which is used for carrying out optimization processing on the sample image to be detected, wherein the optimization processing comprises column homogenization and row homogenization, namely, the elimination of vertical stripes and horizontal nonuniformity of the image.
The columns are homogenized, the difference value of the average value of each column of the matrix and the average value of the whole column is taken as a standard, and the difference value of each corresponding column is added to each column of data to obtain a more uniform matrix, so that vertical stripes of the image can be eliminated;
the rows are homogenized, each line of data is subjected to straight line fitting to obtain a fitting matrix, each fitting point of each line of the fitting matrix is subtracted from the mean value of the corresponding line of the original matrix to obtain a difference matrix, each line of data of the difference matrix is added to the mean value of the corresponding line of the original matrix to obtain a homogenized matrix between the rows, and transverse unevenness can be eliminated.
Further, the optimization processing also comprises image skip point elimination, and data with large difference in the image is eliminated through a median filtering algorithm.
The X-ray single-point imaging system provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects: firstly, the position of a sample to be detected can be automatically adjusted; secondly, single-point image data can be automatically collected and stored; and thirdly, optimizing the image data and the image display effect. The detection efficiency can be obviously improved, and the image accuracy is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without inventive changes.
FIG. 1 is a top view of a sample translation device provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a sample translation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a sample translation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an X-ray single-point imaging system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an X-ray single-point imaging system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a method for operating a single-point X-ray imaging system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of an image optimization processing method for an X-ray single-point imaging system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
wherein the reference numerals include: 1-an X-ray light outlet, 2-a sample clamp, 3-a support structure of the sample clamp and 4-a translation sliding table.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In one embodiment of the present invention, for better understanding of the present disclosure, a schematic diagram of a sample translation device is provided, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the X-ray light outlet 1 is used for providing X-rays, and the sample holder 2 is located below the X-ray light outlet, and the X-ray detector should be located below the sample holder 2. The translation sliding table 4 comprises an XY two-axis sliding table and a sample clamp 2, a sample to be tested is fixedly placed on the sample clamp 2 and is positioned below an X-ray light source, and the translation sliding table is composed of a lead screw sliding rail and provides power through a stepping motor. The supporting structure 3 of the sample clamp is a specially designed sample carrier, and a sample is conveniently placed. Through the sample translation device provided in this embodiment, the function of translating the sample to be measured can be realized. In order to prevent the translation sliding table 4 from improperly operating outside a rated range due to control, the XY two-axis sliding table can be further provided with limit switches at the extreme positions of the XY two axes.
In one embodiment of the present invention, an X-ray single-point imaging system is provided, as shown in fig. 4, which includes an X-ray source 11, a translation stage 4, an X-ray detector 13, a data acquisition module 14, and a control and imaging module 15, wherein,
the translation sliding table 4 is located below the X-ray source 11, connected with the X-ray detector 13 and the control and imaging module 15, and used for placing a sample to be detected, and the sample to be detected can translate along the X/Y axis direction below the X-ray source 11;
the data acquisition module 14 is connected to the X-ray detector 13 and the control and imaging module 15, and configured to acquire data displayed by the X-ray detector 13 and send the data to the control and imaging module 15;
the control and imaging module 15 is located at a computer terminal, is connected with the translation sliding table 4 and the data acquisition module 14, and is used for setting the movement parameters of the translation sliding table 4, receiving and storing the single-point image data sent by the data acquisition module 14, storing the single-point image data by combining the XY axis position, automatically sending an instruction to the translation sliding table 4 by the control and imaging module 15 according to the set movement parameters of the translation sliding table to change the position of the sample to be detected, repeating multiple operations to obtain a single-point image data matrix, and drawing the complete image of the sample to be detected.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the control and imaging module 15 includes a setting unit 151, an instruction control unit 152, a storage unit 153, and an image imaging unit 154, wherein,
the setting unit 151 is configured to set parameters, including a moving step length, a moving speed, and a moving direction of the translation sliding table 4, X-axis and Y-axis scanning steps, a data acquisition interval time, a data storage position, and the like of the data acquisition module 14, on the terminal before imaging a sample;
the instruction control unit 152 is configured to, after single-point image data is obtained, automatically send a signal instruction to the translation sliding table 4 according to the parameter set for the translation sliding table 4, and move and change the position of the sample to be measured according to the parameter;
the storage unit 153 is configured to store all single-point image data matrices, where the format of the data matrix may be txt or xls file;
the image imaging unit 154 is configured to call out the single-point image data matrix in the storage unit, and draw a complete image of the sample to be detected.
In this embodiment, the setting unit 151 may further set an upper limit and a lower limit of the movement of the sample to be measured on the 4X/Y axis of the sliding table, and the setting may be performed according to the actual two-dimensional size of the sample to be measured, so as to reduce the collection of meaningless data.
In this embodiment, the control and imaging module 15, the translation sliding table 4, and the data acquisition module 14 are connected to each other through a serial port from USB to TTL, and exchange data, and a correct serial port number needs to be selected at the control end to normally work. The control and imaging module 15 has a one-key start and stop function, and automatic single-point imaging can be realized only by setting parameters in the control and imaging module.
In this embodiment, the data acquisition module 14 may further perform preprocessing on the acquired data, where the preprocessing includes screening outliers, and the screening outliers specifically include subtracting adjacent numbers of the most recent data from each other and calculating an average value, obtaining a difference average value as a stability judgment, and determining that the difference average value is unstable when the difference average value is greater than a set threshold, and filtering out the current data.
The data acquisition module 14 provided in the embodiment is software that acquires data by reading readings of the X-ray detector on the screen of the device, and may be such acquisition software, or other modules that can implement reading functions, such as an embedded device that directly sends readings.
Through the system of this embodiment, but automatic acquisition and save single-point image data reduce the human cost, need not manual operation, realize the automation process, show and promote detection efficiency.
In another embodiment of the present invention, another X-ray single-point imaging system is provided, as shown in fig. 5, in addition to the 5 modules in the above embodiment, the system further includes an image processing module 16, configured to perform optimization processing on the sample image to be measured, including column homogenization and row homogenization, that is, eliminating vertical stripes and horizontal non-uniformity of the image.
The columns are homogenized, the difference value of the average value of each column of the matrix and the average value of the whole column is taken as a standard, and the difference value of each corresponding column is added to each column of data to obtain a more uniform matrix, so that vertical stripes of the image are eliminated;
the rows are homogenized, each line of data is subjected to straight line fitting to obtain a fitting matrix, each fitting point of each line of the fitting matrix is subtracted from the mean value of the corresponding line of the original matrix to obtain a difference matrix, each line of data of the difference matrix is added to the mean value of the corresponding line of the original matrix to obtain a homogenized matrix between the rows, and transverse unevenness can be eliminated.
In this embodiment, the optimization process further includes image skip point elimination, which eliminates data with very large difference from other data in the image through an algorithm of median filtering.
And after the processing of the column homogenization and the row homogenization is finished, the column homogenization is needed to be carried out again to ensure that the whole image is more balanced, and if the processed image has poor effect, the previous image processing operation can be repeated until the image quality meets the required requirement.
After the optimization of the image processing module 16 is completed, the control and imaging module 15 draws and stores the obtained image, and then sends a signal instruction to the translation sliding table 4 to change the position of the translation sliding table to the next imaging point, and then cyclically repeats the previous single-point imaging operation until the set scanning range is completed.
By the system of the embodiment, the image data is optimized through the algorithm, so that the image display effect is optimized, and the image accuracy of the sample is improved.
In addition, in an embodiment of the present invention, a flowchart of a working method of an X-ray single-point imaging system is further provided, as shown in fig. 6, the method includes the following steps:
s101, fixing a sample to be detected on a translation sliding table, and adjusting the position of the sample to be detected;
step S102, setting a moving parameter of a translation sliding table in a control and imaging module;
step S103, starting imaging, wherein the data acquisition module acquires data of the X-ray detector, preprocesses the data and sends the data to the control and imaging module;
step S104, the control and imaging module is combined with the XY axis position to store single-point image data;
step S105, the control and imaging module sends an instruction to the translation sliding table to change the position of the sample to be measured according to the preset moving parameters, and simultaneously sends the instruction to the X-ray sensor to carry out reading;
and S106, the control and imaging module obtains a single-point image data matrix according to all the single-point image data and draws a complete sample image to be detected.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a flowchart of an image optimization processing method for an X-ray single-point imaging system is further provided, as shown in fig. 7, the method includes the following steps:
step S201, after the control and imaging module obtains single-point image data, an image processing module is called out;
step S202, performing one-step median filtering on the two-dimensional matrix in the image processing module, and eliminating data with very large difference with other data in the image through a median filtering algorithm to enable the input image to be more uniform; step S203, the image processing module performs column-to-column homogenization, a more uniform matrix is obtained by taking the difference value between the mean value of each column of the matrix and the mean value of the whole column as a standard and adding the difference value of each corresponding column to each column of data, and vertical stripes of the image can be eliminated by column-to-column homogenization.
For example, in a 3 x 3 image matrix
Figure 590837DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
For example, the column normalization first calculates the mean value of each column, 4, 5, and 6, and then takes the mean value of each column as a number column and then calculates the mean value as the overall mean value, in this case, the overall mean value
Figure 459435DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Subtracting the average value of each column from the overall average value to be 1, 0 and-1 respectively as the difference value of each column data and the overall average, and then adding the difference value of each column data and the overall average of the column where the number is positioned to each number to obtain the image matrix with the normalized columns
Figure 148912DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Step S204, the image processing module performs row homogenization again, linear fitting is performed on each line of data to obtain a fitting matrix, difference is obtained between each fitting point of each line of the fitting matrix and the mean value of the corresponding line of the original matrix to obtain a difference matrix, the mean value of each line of data of the difference matrix and the mean value of the corresponding line of the original matrix are added to obtain a row-to-row homogenization matrix, and transverse unevenness can be eliminated through row homogenization.
For example, in a 3 x 3 image matrix
Figure 952920DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
For example, first, each column of the matrix is averaged to obtain 3, 5.67, and 4, the row normalization first fits a straight line to the data of each column to obtain y =2x-1, y =0.5x +4.67, and y =2x, and then, according to the fitted straight line, the value of the position of the straight line corresponding to each point on the matrix is obtained as
Figure 540896DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Then will beSubtracting the original matrix from the obtained matrix to obtain a difference matrix
Figure 88552DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
Then, each number of each column of the difference matrix is added with the mean value of the corresponding column of the original matrix to obtain
Figure 133999DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
I.e. the image matrix after the row-to-row homogenization.
Step S205, after the processing of both the column homogenization and the row homogenization is finished, the column homogenization needs to be performed again to make the whole image more balanced, and if the processed image is not good, the previous image processing operation may be repeated until the image quality meets the required requirement.
And step S206, after the image processing module is optimized, the control and imaging module draws and stores the obtained image, then sends a signal to the translation sliding table to change the position of the translation sliding table to the next imaging point, and repeats the previous single-pixel imaging operation in a circulating mode until the set scanning range is imaged.
In conclusion, the system can fully automatically realize the X-ray single-point imaging operation, does not need human intervention in the running process, greatly saves the workload of single-point imaging, reduces the operation threshold and realizes the single-point imaging automation; in addition, the single-point image data is optimized by combining with an algorithm, so that the effect of optimizing image display can be realized.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims. It will be appreciated that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements that have been described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof, for example by modifying the X-ray source in the above described embodiments to other types of sources and the system may also perform single point imaging of other wavelength bands such as infrared, ultraviolet, visible, etc.

Claims (10)

1. An X-ray single-point imaging system is characterized by comprising an X-ray source, a translation sliding table, an X-ray detector, a data acquisition module and a control and imaging module, wherein,
the translation sliding table is positioned below the X-ray source, is connected with the X-ray detector and the control and imaging module, and is used for placing a sample to be detected, and the sample to be detected can translate along the X/Y axis direction below the X-ray source;
the data acquisition module is connected with the X-ray detector and the control and imaging module, and is used for acquiring data displayed by the X-ray detector and sending the data to the control and imaging module;
the control and imaging module is located at a computer terminal, is connected with the translation sliding table and the data acquisition module, is used for setting the movement parameters of the translation sliding table, receiving and storing the single-point image data sent by the data acquisition module, and storing the single-point image data by combining the XY axis position, and automatically sends an instruction to the translation sliding table to change the position of the sample to be detected according to the set movement parameters of the translation sliding table, so that a single-point image data matrix is obtained by repeating multiple operations, and the complete image of the sample to be detected is drawn.
2. The single-point X-ray imaging system according to claim 1, wherein the translation slide comprises an XY two-axis slide and a sample holder, the sample holder is used for fixing the sample to be measured, and the translation slide is powered by a stepping motor.
3. The X-ray single point imaging system of claim 2, wherein the translation stage is further provided with a limit switch for the two axes XY limit positions, and the limit switch is used for preventing the translation stage from operating out of the rated range due to improper operation.
4. The X-ray single-point imaging system of claim 1, wherein the data acquisition module is further configured to perform preprocessing on the acquired data, the preprocessing includes screening outliers, the screening outliers are specifically obtained by subtracting every two adjacent numbers of the most recent data and calculating an average value, a difference average value is obtained as a stability judgment, and when the difference average value is greater than a set threshold value, it is determined that the difference average value is unstable, and the current data is filtered out.
5. The X-ray single-point imaging system of claim 1, wherein the control and imaging module is connected with the translation sliding table and the data acquisition module through serial ports and exchanges data.
6. The X-ray single point imaging system of claim 1, wherein the control and imaging module comprises a setting unit, an instruction control unit, a storage unit and an image imaging unit, wherein,
the setting unit is used for setting parameters including the moving step length, the moving speed and the moving direction of the translation sliding table, the scanning step number of an X axis and a Y axis, and the data interval time and the data storage position of the data acquisition module on the terminal before the imaging of the sample;
the instruction control unit is used for automatically sending a signal instruction to the translation sliding table according to the set parameters of the translation sliding table after single-point image data are obtained, and changing the position of the sample to be detected according to the parameter movement;
the storage unit is used for storing all single-point image data matrixes, and the data matrix format can be txt or xls files;
the image imaging unit is used for calling out the single-point image data matrix in the storage unit and drawing a complete sample image to be detected.
7. The X-ray single-point imaging system according to claim 6, further characterized in that the setting unit is further capable of setting upper and lower limits of movement of the sample to be measured on the X/Y axis of the translation sliding table, and the setting can be performed according to the actual two-dimensional size of the sample to be measured, so that collection of meaningless data is reduced.
8. The X-ray single-point imaging system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further characterized by further comprising an image processing module for performing optimization processing on the sample image to be measured, including column homogenization and row homogenization, i.e., eliminating vertical stripes and horizontal non-uniformity of the image.
9. The X-ray single point imaging system of claim 8 further characterized in that,
the columns are homogenized, the difference value of the average value of each column of the matrix and the average value of the whole column is taken as a standard, and the difference value of each corresponding column is added to each column of data to obtain a more uniform matrix, so that vertical stripes of the image can be eliminated;
the rows are homogenized, each line of data is subjected to straight line fitting to obtain a fitting matrix, each fitting point of each line of the fitting matrix is subtracted from the mean value of the corresponding line of the original matrix to obtain a difference matrix, each line of data of the difference matrix is added to the mean value of the corresponding line of the original matrix to obtain a homogenized matrix between the rows, and transverse unevenness can be eliminated.
10. The X-ray single point imaging system of claim 8, further characterized in that the optimization process further comprises image skip point elimination, which eliminates data in the image that is very different from other data by an algorithm of median filtering.
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