CN114894407A - Underpinning construction monitoring method and monitoring system - Google Patents
Underpinning construction monitoring method and monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a underpinning construction monitoring method and a underpinning construction monitoring system, and relates to the technical field of foundation treatment and foundation reinforcement of existing buildings. Monitoring the initial state of the bridge before underpinning construction, and determining the control standard of a monitored object; in the underpinning construction process, monitoring network points are arranged on monitoring objects to monitor and collect monitoring data, the monitoring objects comprise underpinning beams, underpinning piers and underpinning piles, the monitoring data comprise deformation values, inclination values and settlement values, the monitoring data are wirelessly transmitted to a data center and are analyzed and calculated by combining with the control standard; and rechecking the monitoring data and the calculation result thereof, judging the safety by combining with a control standard, and early warning. The invention realizes the technical effects of real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning, and then determines whether the next construction is needed and the original construction scheme is adjusted according to the analysis result, thereby ensuring the safety of the whole construction process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foundation treatment and foundation reinforcement of existing buildings, in particular to a underpinning construction monitoring method and a underpinning construction monitoring system.
Background
The underpinning beam plays a key role in stress supporting in the whole underpinning construction process, is the key of the whole underpinning construction, and particularly has large underpinning span and large stress in the whole underpinning process, so that the whole construction process is in a dangerous condition if the stress or deflection of the underpinning beam is too large. Therefore, the stress and deformation of the underpinning beam are monitored during the whole construction process to ensure that the stress and deformation of the underpinning beam are within the allowable range of the specification. Stress monitoring is carried out on key stress parts of underpinning, and overlarge stress in the construction process is avoided.
Through deformation observation, real-time data is obtained, state changes and working conditions of piers and underpinning beams can be monitored, when abnormal phenomena are found, reasons should be analyzed in time, measures are taken, accidents are prevented, and a construction method is improved to guarantee safety. And secondly, observing and analyzing the engineering structure protomer during construction, verifying the calculation method of the foundation and the design method of the engineering structure, and providing data for design construction, management and scientific research work of engineering by specifying reasonable allowable sinking and deformation values for different foundations and engineering structures.
The monitoring in the underpinning construction process is a main means for mastering the deformation of the bridge pier, and the smooth proceeding of the whole underpinning construction can be ensured only by timely and accurate monitoring, and necessary guarantee is provided for the subsequent safety of the project. In the prior art, in the pile foundation underpinning construction process, the main adopted mode for detecting the settlement, deformation and other conditions of the underpinning beam is to detect whether the underpinning beam meets the standard or measure regularly.
Chinese patent No. CN202010749569.3 discloses a method for monitoring horizontal displacement of pier stud in underpinning of bridge pile foundation, which comprises the following steps: (1) arranging monitoring points, wherein the monitoring points are correspondingly arranged at the top and the bottom of the pier column up and down according to groups; (2) embedding a monitoring point, and embedding a monitoring mark at a horizontal displacement monitoring point; (3) observing and collecting data, namely monitoring the horizontal displacement of the pier stud by using a total station and adopting a polar coordinate method; (4) data processing and analysis, 1) data transmission and adjustment calculation to obtain the coordinates of each monitoring point; 2) and analyzing the stability of the monitoring points according to the adjustment calculation result, and comparing the result with the maximum deformation and the maximum measurement error of the monitoring points in two adjacent periods to judge whether the horizontal displacement of the pier stud changes or not. The horizontal displacement monitoring method can continuously monitor and feed back the deformation and displacement of the pier stud, and judges whether the pier stud is horizontally displaced according to the monitoring method, so that the stability and the safety of the pile foundation underpinning construction process are improved. However, the monitoring method has certain one-sidedness, cannot accurately monitor the deformation of the pier in the whole underpinning construction process, has the defect of incomplete monitoring, and can omit monitoring on the performance of the pier column which is changed chronically and bring other potential safety hazards.
Chinese patent No. CN201510591397.0 discloses an automatic real-time monitoring method for deformation of underpinned beam column of deep foundation pit, which is completed by a monitoring terminal, an automatic monitoring data collector and a computer: respectively arranging monitoring terminals at control points of the underpinned beam and the underpinned beam, and connecting signal output ends of the monitoring terminals with signal input ends of an automatic monitoring data acquisition instrument; in the engineering construction process, an automatic monitoring data acquisition instrument respectively acquires steel bar stress data, underpinned beam deflection data, underpinned beam settlement data, slippage data between an underpinned beam and underpinned beam torsion data through a monitoring terminal; the monitoring data automatic acquisition instrument transmits the monitoring data to the on-site monitoring terminal computer through a wireless network transmission device; and the on-site monitoring terminal computer judges whether the received data meets the design requirements of the construction engineering and meets the requirement of continuing construction, otherwise, the construction is stopped and the original scheme is adjusted. The invention does not provide a complete scheme for the monitoring method, does not provide corresponding early warning measures, cannot process the monitoring data in time after the monitoring data is abnormal, and is easy to cause larger construction risks.
Therefore, a underpinning construction monitoring method and a monitoring system are needed to be provided for the problem of comprehensive real-time monitoring of the construction process, and the full-automatic acquisition, analysis, early warning and other functions of the monitoring data of the whole construction process can be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a underpinning construction monitoring method and a monitoring system.
A underpinning construction monitoring method comprises the following steps:
monitoring the initial state of a bridge before underpinning construction, taking the result as a monitoring reference, and determining monitoring indexes of a monitored object and a control standard of each monitoring index; the monitoring object comprises an underpinning beam, a supported pile and an underpinning pile;
secondly, in the underpinning construction process, monitoring network points are arranged on the monitored object for monitoring and collecting monitoring data, the monitoring data are wirelessly transmitted to a data center, and analysis and calculation are carried out by combining the control standard;
and step three, rechecking the monitoring data and the calculation result thereof, judging the safety by combining with the control standard, and early warning the monitoring index.
Preferably, the monitoring indexes comprise underpinning beam internal stress, underpinning beam deflection, underpinning beam cracks, pile foundation settlement and differential settlement; and each monitoring index is set with a control standard, and the control standard comprises a control value and a single change value.
Preferably, in the second step, the monitoring mesh points include a stress monitoring mesh point, an inclination monitoring mesh point, a deflection monitoring mesh point and a settlement monitoring mesh point.
Preferably, said settlement monitoring mesh points are arranged on said underpinning beams and said underpinning piles,
the settlement monitoring mesh points on the underpinning beam are symmetrically distributed and positioned at two ends of the underpinning beam and are used for acquiring the displacement value S of the two ends of the underpinning beam li (ii) a The settlement monitoring mesh points on the underpinned pile are distributed at the top of the underpinned pile and are used for acquiring the lifting value S of the existing pile body ui And pile-beam spacing value S di (ii) a Wherein i is 1, 2;
monitoring value S of settlement of pile foundation i The calculation method comprises the following steps: s i ＝S li -S di ；
Monitoring value S for setting settlement of pile foundation i The larger of the two is MAX [ S ] i ]Smaller is MIN [ S ] i ]，
The monitored value S of the differential settlement c ＝MAX[S i ]-MIN[S i ]。
Preferably, the pile-beam spacing value is measured by using a branch table.
Preferably, the stress monitoring dots are distributed at the resultant force action points of the tensioned steel bars of the underpinning beams 1/2, 1/4 and 1/8 length sections along the axial direction of the underpinning beam, the stress monitoring dots are provided with stress measuring devices, and the stress measuring devices are buried inside the stress monitoring dots or attached to the surfaces of the stress monitoring dots.
Preferably, the stress measuring device is a strain gauge.
Preferably, the inclination angle monitoring mesh points are uniformly distributed at four corners of the underpinning beam, and the inclination angle monitoring mesh points are provided with inclinometers.
Preferably, the deflection monitoring mesh points are distributed at two ends and the middle position of the underpinning beam and are monitored by adopting a static level gauge or a precision level gauge.
Preferably, the monitoring method further monitors an appearance state of the monitoring object, and the monitoring method of the appearance state is as follows: arranging cameras around the monitored object, collecting pictures periodically, transmitting the collected pictures to a data center through wireless transmission, identifying whether cracks are generated or not through images, and measuring the width of the cracks by using a crack observer if the cracks are identified.
Preferably, in the third step, the rechecking method is manual rechecking, and data of the monitoring website are manually collected at a fixed time point and compared with data in the data center; when the error value of the two is less than 5%, the monitoring data has no problem; otherwise, stopping monitoring and carrying out equipment inspection and correction.
Preferably, the safety criterion is: the safety judgment standard is as follows: setting a discrimination value by combining the monitoring data of each monitoring index, a control value and a single change value thereof, wherein the discrimination value comprises a control value discrimination value and a rate discrimination value; the control value discrimination value is the ratio of the monitoring data of each monitoring index to the corresponding control value; the rate discrimination value is the ratio of the monitoring data of each monitoring index to the corresponding single change value.
Preferably, the early warning comprises a first-level early warning, a second-level early warning and a third-level early warning,
wherein, the satisfying condition of the primary early warning is one of the following two conditions: firstly, all monitoring data of the monitoring index exceed a control standard and show an unstable sign, and secondly, at least one monitoring data of the monitoring index has a sharp change;
the satisfaction condition of the secondary early warning is one of the following three conditions: firstly, judging values of all kinds of monitoring data of the monitoring index are within a [0.85,1] interval, secondly, one kind of monitoring data of the monitoring index exceeds a control standard, and the judging value of the other kind of monitoring data of the monitoring index is within the [0.85,1] interval, thirdly, all the monitoring data of the monitoring index exceed the control standard and no unstable signs appear;
the satisfaction condition of the three-level early warning is one of the following two conditions: firstly, the discrimination values of all kinds of monitoring data of the monitoring index are in the interval of [0.7,0.85], secondly, the discrimination value of one kind of monitoring data of the monitoring index is in the interval of [0.85,1] and the discrimination value of the other kind of monitoring data of the monitoring index is in the interval of [0,0.85 ].
The invention also provides a underpinning construction monitoring system, which comprises an acquisition terminal, a data center, an early warning center and a control center;
the acquisition terminal comprises a sensing equipment system on the monitored object and an image acquisition system distributed around the monitored object; the sensing equipment system comprises a stress sensor, an inclinometer, a displacement meter and a level gauge;
the data center is used for analyzing and calculating monitoring data transmitted by the acquisition terminal and transmitting a calculation result to the control center; and the control center controls the early warning center to perform signal response according to the calculation result, and is also provided with a system operation platform.
Preferably, the data center comprises a data processing operation module, a data archiving module and a data storage module, and stores and manages dynamic data and static data of the whole life cycle in the underpinning construction monitoring system in real time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the underpinning construction detection method provided by the invention not only considers monitoring in the construction process, but also monitors the initial state of the bridge before underpinning construction, and determines the control standard of a monitored object by taking the initial state of the bridge as a reference;
2. in the underpinning construction process, monitoring points are arranged on a monitoring object to monitor and acquire monitoring data, the monitoring points acquire stress state data of the structure under various working conditions in real time, the monitoring object comprises an underpinning beam, an underpinning pier and an underpinning pile, the monitoring data comprises a deformation value, an inclination value and a settlement value, and the monitoring data is wirelessly transmitted to a data center and is analyzed and calculated by combining with the control standard; data monitoring is carried out on a plurality of links in the underpinning process, and reliable implementation of the pile foundation underpinning process is facilitated. Rechecking the monitoring data and the calculation result thereof after analyzing and calculating the monitoring data, judging the safety by combining the control standard, and early warning; the truth and the credibility of the data are improved through rechecking, the early warning information is divided into three levels after the safety judgment, the risk level of the construction structure in the underpinning construction process is judged based on the situation perception of the real-time monitoring data, the objectivity of a larger limit is kept, the information value of the early warning information provided after systematic combination of different types of monitoring data is objectively reflected to a certain extent, the technical effects of real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning are realized, and then whether the next construction is needed or not and the original construction scheme is adjusted is determined according to the analysis result, so that the safety of the whole construction process is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a underpinning construction monitoring method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the distribution of monitoring lattice points of a underpinning beam in the underpinning construction monitoring method provided by the invention;
reference numerals:
1, underpinning a beam; 2, underpinning the pile; 3-supported piles; 4-stress monitoring mesh points; 5-settlement monitoring mesh points;
6-deflection monitoring mesh points; 7-percent instrument; 8-original pile body settlement monitoring points.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "length," "upper," "lower," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like, as used herein, refer to an orientation or positional relationship as shown in the drawings, which are used for convenience in describing and simplifying the present application, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present application.
The invention provides a underpinning construction monitoring method, which comprises the following steps:
monitoring the initial state of a bridge before underpinning construction, and determining the control standard of a monitored object; the monitoring object comprises an underpinning beam 1, a supported pile 3 and an underpinning pile 2; the monitoring indexes comprise the internal stress of the underpinning beam 1, the deflection of the underpinning beam, the crack of the underpinning beam, the settlement of the pile foundation and the differential settlement; and each monitoring index is set with a control standard, and the control standard comprises a control value and a single change value.
Therefore, in the monitoring process, specific monitoring indexes and control standards are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Monitoring a project | Control value (mm) | Single change standard (Mm/d) |
| Settlement of pile foundation | 10 | 0.5 |
| |
5 | 0.25 |
| Internal stress of underpinned beam | 300MPa | —— |
| Deflection of underpinned |
3 | 0.3 |
| Underpinning beam crack | 0.2 | —— |
Where the control value is the maximum limit and the single change criterion is the rate of change, typically in terms of change per hour.
The content of monitoring the initial state of the bridge comprises the pre-deformation amount, the initial crack condition and the initial inclination value, and the pre-deformation amount, the initial crack condition and the initial inclination value are used as reference values to carry out subsequent monitoring on the basis. The normal use of the superstructure is ensured, the deformation and the structural cracking condition of the underpinned superstructure are monitored at any time in the tunnel construction process, and if the deformation and the structural cracking trend increase, the tunnel excavation is immediately stopped, and measures are taken for control.
Secondly, in the underpinning construction process, monitoring network points are arranged on the monitored object for monitoring and collecting monitoring data, the monitoring data are wirelessly transmitted to a data center, and analysis and calculation are carried out by combining the control standard;
in the second step, the monitoring mesh points comprise stress monitoring mesh points 4, dip angle monitoring mesh points, deflection monitoring mesh points and settlement monitoring mesh points 5. The monitoring runs through the underpinning construction and tunnel construction process, wherein the monitoring item corresponding to the stress monitoring network point 4 is underpinned beam internal stress, the specifically obtained data are underpinned beam internal stress value and underpinned beam internal stress single change value, the monitoring item corresponding to the inclination angle monitoring network point is an inclination value, the monitoring item corresponding to the deflection monitoring network point is underpinned beam deflection, the specifically obtained data are underpinned beam deflection value and underpinned beam deflection single change value, the monitoring item corresponding to the settlement monitoring network point 5 is pile foundation settlement and differential settlement, and the specifically obtained data comprise pile foundation settlement, pile foundation settlement single change value, differential settlement and differential settlement single change value.
The settlement monitoring mesh points 5 are arranged on the underpinning beam 1 and the underpinning pile 2, the settlement monitoring mesh points 5 on the underpinning beam 1 are distributed symmetrically and are positioned at two ends of the underpinning beam 1, and the settlement monitoring mesh points are used for acquiring the displacement value S of the two ends of the underpinning beam 1 li Wherein i is 1, 2, S l1 And S l2 Correspondingly representing the displacement values of the two ends of the underpinning beam 1; the settlement monitoring mesh points 5 on the underpinning pile 2 are distributed at the top of the underpinning pile 2, generally in the jacking mechanism at the top of the underpinning pile 2 and between the underpinning pile 2 and the underpinning beam 1. The jacking mechanism comprises jacks arranged between the underpinning pile 2 and the underpinning beam 1, settlement monitoring mesh points 5 are distributed on the jacks, each group of jacks is monitored in real time in the whole jacking and underpinning process, the working state of each group of jacks is always mastered, and the lifting value S of the existing pile body is obtained ui Where i is 1, 2, S is due to the fact that in practice two underpinning piles 2 are generally used u1 And S u2 The correspondence represents the existing pile body lift values of the two underpinning piles 2. The pile-beam spacing value S di Measuring with a percentile instrument 7, S d1 And S d2 The correspondence represents the pile-to-beam spacing values for the two underpinning piles 2.
Wherein S u1 And S d1 Corresponding to the same underpinning pile 2 and close to the underpinning beam S l1 A corresponding one end, wherein S u2 And S d2 Corresponding to the same underpinning pile 2 and close to the underpinning beam S l2 The corresponding end.
The monitoring value S of the settlement of the pile foundation i The calculation method comprises the following steps: s i ＝S li -S di (ii) a Namely, the monitoring values of the settlement of the pile foundations of the two underpinned piles 2 are S respectively 1 And S 2 Then S is 1 ＝S l1 -S d1 ，S 2 ＝S l2 -S d2 。
Monitoring value S for setting settlement of pile foundation i The larger of the two is MAX [ S ] i ]Smaller is MIN [ S ] i ]Then the monitoring value S of the differential settlement amount c ＝MAX[S i ]-MIN[S i ]。
If the larger of the monitoring values of the settlement of the pile foundations of the two underpinned piles 2 is S 1 Then MAX [ S ] i ]＝S 1 ，MIN[S i ]＝S 2 At this time, the monitor value S of the differential settlement amount c ＝MAX[S i ]-MIN[S i ]＝S 1 -S 2 。
If the larger of the monitoring values of the settlement of the pile foundations of the two underpinned piles 2 is S 2 Then, conversely, MAX [ S ] i ]＝S 2 ，MIN[S i ]＝S 1 At this time, the monitor value S of the differential settlement amount c ＝MAX[S i ]-MIN[S i ]＝S 2 -S 1 。
The supported pile 3 is also provided with an original pile body settlement monitoring point 8 which can monitor the settlement condition of the supported pile 3.
Because the underpinning beam 1 plays a key stress supporting role in the whole underpinning construction process, the underpinning construction is key, especially the underpinning span is large, the stress is large in the whole underpinning process, and if the stress or deflection of the underpinning beam 1 is too large, the whole construction process is in a dangerous condition. Therefore, the stress changes and deformations of the underpinning beam 1 are monitored throughout the construction process to ensure that the stresses and deformations of the underpinning beam 1 are within the specifications allowed. Meanwhile, stress monitoring is carried out on key stress parts of underpinning, and overlarge stress in the construction process is avoided.
The stress monitoring mesh points 4 are distributed at the positions of the resultant force action points of the tension steel bars of the underpinning beams 1/2, 1/4 and 1/8 length sections, stress measuring devices are arranged on the stress mesh points, the stress measuring devices are embedded in the stress mesh points or attached to the surfaces of the stress mesh points, and the internal force change of the underpinning beams in the underpinning process is closely monitored. A small pipe is pre-buried in the underpinning beam 1, clear water is injected, a thermometer is placed in the pipe, the condition of hydration heat in the concrete curing period of the underpinning beam is monitored, and the concrete curing is guided. In this embodiment, the stress measuring device is a strain gauge, and the strain gauge is in a thin film shape, and can measure various mechanical signals, such as: torque, shear stress, concentrated stress, etc. are measured.
The inclination angle monitoring mesh points are uniformly distributed at four corners of the underpinning beam 1, and the stress mesh points are provided with inclinometers. And monitoring and controlling the bending and twisting in all directions generated in the jacking process of the underpinning beam, and ensuring that the whole underpinning beam 1 does not incline in the jacking process.
The deflection monitoring mesh points are distributed at two ends and the middle position of the underpinning beam 1 and are monitored by adopting a static level gauge or a precision level gauge.
The monitoring method also monitors the appearance state of the monitored object, and the monitoring method of the appearance state comprises the following steps: arranging cameras around the monitored object, regularly acquiring pictures, wirelessly transmitting the acquired pictures to a data center, identifying whether cracks occur or not through images, and if the cracks occur, measuring the width of the cracks by using a crack observer.
And step three, rechecking the monitoring data and the calculation result thereof, judging the safety by combining with the control standard, and early warning.
All engineering measurement works in the interval are managed in a grading mode: and establishing a precision measurement group and a construction measurement group which are respectively taken as group leaders by full-time measurement engineers and are respectively responsible for the work in the respective titles.
Executing a grading measurement rechecking system: the precise measurement group is responsible for control measurement, phased control measurement and recheck inspection work of the local standard section, rechecks and guides the construction measurement group of the construction station team to complete construction measurement tasks, and is responsible for crossing points, crossing piles, crossing measurement data and results on site of the construction measurement group. And the system is responsible for controlling the measurement of the pile guard, protecting and storing all monitoring network points in the engineering range. The construction measurement group is responsible for daily construction measurement, construction lofting and pile point embedding and protection control on the engineering site. The original record, data, calculation and diagram are measured and integrated, and are kept properly by a specially-assigned person. In engineering construction, the center line and elevation measurement is carried out according to a design drawing, and the center line and the level are ensured to be accurate and correct; and after the project is finished, the through measurement is carried out in time, the lap joint is closed, and measurement completion data is submitted to a supervision engineer.
The measurement rechecking system is carried out seriously, the measurement data must be rechecked manually, the results of the field measurement must be calculated independently by two persons, and the results are checked with each other. The rechecking method comprises the steps of manually rechecking, manually collecting data of the monitoring network points at a fixed time point, analyzing according to the data generated by monitoring, collecting data of settlement monitoring network points 5 at two ends of the underpinned beam 1, comparing the data to obtain whether the underpinned pile 2 is settled or not and the beam end is lifted, collecting numerical values of the deflection monitoring network points of the beam body, obtaining the beam body change by combining with a stress meter on the underpinned beam 1, and comparing the beam body change with the data in the data center; when the error value of the two is less than 5%, the monitoring data has no problem; otherwise, stopping monitoring and carrying out equipment inspection and correction.
In the third step, according to the monitoring data, the project monitoring is judged according to the principle of 'partition, grading and grading', and each monitoring index is fed back and controlled according to the early warning of the first-stage state, the second-stage state and the third-stage state.
The safety judgment standard is as follows: setting a discrimination value by combining the monitoring data of each monitoring index, a control value and a single change value thereof, wherein the discrimination value comprises a control value discrimination value and a rate discrimination value;
the control value discrimination value is the ratio of the monitoring data of each monitoring index to the corresponding control value;
the rate discrimination value is the ratio of the monitoring data of each monitoring index to the corresponding single change value. Since the single-change value is not included in the partial monitoring item,
therefore, the method for calculating the discrimination value of each monitoring index is as follows:
the early warning comprises a first-stage early warning, a second-stage early warning and a third-stage early warning,
wherein, the satisfying condition of the primary early warning is one of the following two conditions: firstly, all monitoring data of the monitoring index exceed a control standard and show an unstable sign, and secondly, at least one monitoring data of the monitoring index has a sharp change;
the satisfaction condition of the secondary early warning is one of the following three conditions: firstly, judging values of all kinds of monitoring data of the monitoring index are all in a [0.85,1] interval, namely a control value judging value and a speed judging value of the monitoring index are all in a [0.85,1] interval, secondly, one kind of monitoring data of the monitoring index exceeds a control standard, and the judging value of the other kind of monitoring data of the monitoring index is in a [0.85,1] interval, thirdly, all the monitoring data of the monitoring index exceed the control standard and no sign is unstable;
the satisfaction condition of the third-level early warning is one of the following two conditions: firstly, the discrimination values of all kinds of monitoring data of the monitoring index are all in the interval of [0.7,0.85], namely the discrimination value of the control value and the rate discrimination value of the monitoring index are all in the interval of [0.7,0.85], secondly, the discrimination value of one kind of monitoring data of the monitoring index is in the interval of [0.85,1] and the discrimination value of the other kind of monitoring data of the monitoring index is in the interval of [0,0.85 ].
If the monitoring index only has one monitoring data and one discrimination value, the monitoring data exceeds the control standard and generates unstable signs or generates a first-level early warning when the monitoring data has rapid change, the discrimination value of the monitoring data of the monitoring index is in the range of [0.85,1] or exceeds the control standard and generates no unstable signs, a second-level early warning is generated, and the discrimination values of the monitoring data of the monitoring index are in the range of [0.7,0.85], a third-level early warning is generated.
When the three-level early warning is sent out, monitoring frequency should be encrypted by a monitoring group and a construction unit, and observation of settlement dynamics of the ground and a building (structure) is enhanced.
When the 'second-level early warning' is sent, the monitoring, observation, inspection and processing are continuously enhanced, an early warning scheme aiming at the state is further perfected according to the characteristics of the early warning state, meanwhile, the construction scheme, the tunneling progress, the tunneling parameters and the like are inspected and perfected, and the method is executed after the design and the construction unit agree.
When the first-level early warning is sent out, the unit is required to be immediately warned, reinforcement measures are also required to be immediately taken, after the unit is designed, constructed, managed and constructed, the construction program or design parameters are changed, and the tunneling is immediately stopped for construction treatment if necessary.
During construction, the specific monitoring time period can be divided into a underpinning structure construction period, a jack prepressing time, a shield passing time, column settlement adjustment and shield passing, wherein during the underpinning structure construction period and after the shield passes, the monitoring frequency, namely the frequency for recording the monitoring data, is controlled to be 1-2 times per day, and the rest time periods are monitored in real time, wherein the important monitoring data is a settlement value. In the process of pile foundation underpinning, elevation measurement generally adopts leveling measurement, and the elevation control point is controlled by pile crossing and transmitted to the construction range according to the second-class leveling measurement. And performing reciprocating observation by using the wire baseline control point as an elevation control point, and observing whether the limit difference and the precision meet the precision of a specified grade.
The invention also provides a underpinning construction monitoring system, which comprises an acquisition terminal, a data center, an early warning center and a control center; the monitoring object comprises an underpinning beam 1, an underpinned pile 2 and an underpinned pile 2;
the acquisition terminal comprises a sensing equipment system arranged on the monitored object and an image acquisition system distributed around the monitored object; the sensing equipment system comprises a stress sensor, an inclinometer, a displacement meter and a level gauge; the image acquisition system comprises a plurality of high-resolution industrial cameras and video cameras and is used for acquiring image information and video information of the construction site.
The data center is used for analyzing and calculating monitoring data transmitted by the acquisition terminal and transmitting a calculation result to the control center; the data center comprises a data processing operation module, a data archiving module and a data storage module, and is used for storing and managing dynamic data and static data of the whole life cycle in the underpinning construction stress monitoring system in real time;
the control center controls the early warning system to perform signal response according to the calculation result, and is also provided with a system operation platform which can be used for conventional operation and simultaneously shows the actual value, the control standard and the monitoring frequency of each monitoring item.
The acquisition terminal is connected with the data center communication, realizes that data analysis, data are filed, the early warning of control value goes on in step, and data are transparent and clear, and whole monitoring system utilizes internet of things through bluetooth communication device and Wifi communication device's setting, realizes the wireless transmission of information for information transmission is rapid, avoids laying a large amount of cables simultaneously, has reduced manufacturing cost.
The monitoring in the underpinning construction process is a main means for mastering the deformation of the bridge pier, and the smooth proceeding of the whole underpinning construction can be ensured only by timely and accurate monitoring, and necessary guarantee is provided for the subsequent safety of the project. By the stress monitoring provided by the invention, the first hand data is obtained, the state change and the working condition of the pier and the underpinning beam 1 can be monitored, when abnormal phenomena are found, the reasons should be analyzed in time, measures are taken, the occurrence of accidents is prevented, and the construction method is improved to ensure the safety. And secondly, observing and analyzing the engineering structure protomer during construction, verifying the calculation method of the foundation and the design method of the engineering structure, and providing data for design construction, management and scientific research work of engineering by specifying reasonable allowable sinking and deformation values for different foundations and engineering structures.
The above are merely embodiments of the present invention, which are described in detail and with particularity, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. A underpinning construction monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the monitoring method comprises the following steps:
monitoring the initial state of a bridge before underpinning construction, taking the result as a monitoring reference, and determining monitoring indexes of a monitored object and a control standard of each monitoring index; the monitoring object comprises an underpinning beam, a supported pile and an underpinning pile;
secondly, in the underpinning construction process, monitoring network points are arranged on the monitored object for monitoring and collecting monitoring data, the monitoring data are wirelessly transmitted to a data center, and analysis and calculation are carried out by combining the control standard;
and thirdly, rechecking the monitoring data and the calculation result thereof, judging the safety by combining with a control standard, and early warning the monitoring index.
2. The underpinning construction monitoring method of claim 1, characterized in that: the monitoring indexes comprise underpinning beam internal stress, underpinning beam deflection, underpinning beam cracks, pile foundation settlement and differential settlement; and each monitoring index is set with a corresponding control standard, and the control standard comprises a control value and a single change standard.
3. The underpinning construction monitoring method of claim 2, characterized in that: in the second step, the monitoring mesh points comprise stress monitoring mesh points, inclination angle monitoring mesh points, deflection monitoring mesh points and settlement monitoring mesh points.
4. The underpinning construction monitoring method of claim 3, wherein: the settlement monitoring mesh points are arranged on the underpinning beams and the underpinning piles,
the settlement monitoring mesh points on the underpinning beam are symmetrically distributed and positioned at two ends of the underpinning beam and are used for acquiring the displacement value S of the two ends of the underpinning beam li (ii) a Settlement monitoring mesh points on the underpinned pile are distributed on the top of the underpinned pile and are used for acquiring the lifting value S of the existing pile body ui And pile-beam spacing value S di (ii) a Wherein i is 1, 2;
the monitoring value S of the settlement of the pile foundation i The calculation method comprises the following steps: s i ＝S li -S di ；
Monitoring value S for setting settlement of pile foundation i The larger of the two is MAX [ S ] i ]Smaller is MIN [ S ] i ]，
The monitored value S of the differential settlement c ＝MAX[S i ]-MIN[S i ]。
5. As claimed in claim 4The underpinning construction monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the pile-beam spacing value S di The measurement was performed using a percentile instrument.
6. The underpinning construction monitoring method of claim 3, wherein: the stress monitoring dots are distributed at the positions of the resultant force action points of the tension steel bars of the underpinning beams 1/2, 1/4 and 1/8 length sections along the axial direction of the underpinning beam, the stress monitoring dots are provided with stress measuring devices, and the stress measuring devices are buried in the stress monitoring dots or attached to the surfaces of the stress monitoring dots.
7. The underpinning construction monitoring method of claim 6, wherein: the stress measuring device is a strain gauge.
8. The underpinning construction monitoring method of claim 3, wherein: the inclination angle monitoring mesh points are uniformly distributed at four corners of the underpinning beam, and inclination angle meters are installed on the inclination angle monitoring mesh points.
9. The underpinning construction monitoring method of claim 3, wherein: and the deflection monitoring mesh points are distributed at two ends and the middle position of the underpinning beam and are monitored by adopting a static leveling instrument or a precision leveling instrument.
10. The underpinning construction monitoring method as recited in claim 3, wherein: the monitoring method also monitors the appearance state of the monitored object, and the monitoring method of the appearance state comprises the following steps: arranging cameras around the monitored object, regularly acquiring pictures, wirelessly transmitting the acquired pictures to a data center, identifying whether cracks occur or not through images, and if the cracks occur, measuring the width of the cracks by using a crack observer.
11. The underpinning construction monitoring method of claim 1, characterized in that: in the third step, the rechecking method is manual rechecking, and the data of the monitoring network points are manually collected at fixed time points and compared with the data in the data center; when the error value of the two is less than 5%, the monitoring data has no problem; otherwise, stopping monitoring and carrying out equipment inspection and correction.
12. The underpinning construction monitoring method of claim 1, characterized in that: the safety judgment standard is as follows: setting a discrimination value by combining the monitoring data of each monitoring index, a control value and a single change value thereof, wherein the discrimination value comprises a control value discrimination value and a rate discrimination value;
the control value discrimination value is the ratio of the monitoring data of each monitoring index to the corresponding control value;
the rate discrimination value is the ratio of the monitoring data of each monitoring index to the corresponding single change standard.
13. The underpinning construction monitoring method of claim 11, wherein: the early warning comprises a first-stage early warning, a second-stage early warning and a third-stage early warning,
wherein, the satisfying condition of the primary early warning is one of the following two conditions: firstly, all monitoring data of the monitoring index exceed a control standard and show an unstable sign, and secondly, at least one monitoring data of the monitoring index has a sharp change;
the satisfaction condition of the secondary early warning is one of the following three conditions: firstly, judging values of all kinds of monitoring data of the monitoring indexes are within a range of 0.85,1, secondly, one kind of monitoring data of the monitoring indexes exceeds a control standard, and judging values of the other kind of monitoring data of the monitoring indexes are within a range of 0.85,1, thirdly, all the monitoring data of the monitoring indexes exceed the control standard and no unstable signs appear;
the satisfaction condition of the third-level early warning is one of the following two conditions: firstly, the discrimination values of all kinds of monitoring data of the monitoring index are in the interval of [0.7,0.85], secondly, the discrimination value of one kind of monitoring data of the monitoring index is in the interval of [0.85,1] and the discrimination value of the other kind of monitoring data of the monitoring index is in the interval of [0,0.85 ].
14. The utility model provides a underpin construction monitoring system which characterized in that:
the system comprises an acquisition terminal, a data center, an early warning center and a control center;
the acquisition terminal comprises a sensing equipment system on the monitored object and an image acquisition system distributed around the monitored object; the sensing equipment system comprises a stress sensor, an inclinometer, a displacement meter and a level gauge; the data center is used for analyzing and calculating monitoring data transmitted by the acquisition terminal and transmitting a calculation result to the control center; and the control center controls the early warning center to perform signal response according to the calculation result, and is also provided with a system operation platform.
15. The underpinning construction monitoring system of claim 14, wherein: the data center comprises a data processing operation module, a data archiving module and a data storage module, and is used for storing and managing dynamic data and static data of the whole life cycle in the underpinning construction stress monitoring system in real time.
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| CN117495111B (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-03-26 | 广州市嘉品电子科技有限公司 | Building engineering safety management system based on BIM technology |
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