CN114894382A - Gas leakage simulation test device and leakage source positioning method - Google Patents
Gas leakage simulation test device and leakage source positioning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114894382A CN114894382A CN202210440149.6A CN202210440149A CN114894382A CN 114894382 A CN114894382 A CN 114894382A CN 202210440149 A CN202210440149 A CN 202210440149A CN 114894382 A CN114894382 A CN 114894382A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
- F17D5/02—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss
- F17D5/06—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss using electric or acoustic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
- G01M3/24—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic vibrations
- G01M3/243—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic vibrations for pipes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
- G01M3/28—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds
- G01M3/2807—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds for pipes
- G01M3/2815—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds for pipes using pressure measurements
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- Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a gas leakage simulation test device and a leakage source positioning method, which are suitable for the field of gas pipeline safety. The testing device consists of an air source system, a visual pipeline system, a leakage source system, a central control system and a circulating recovery system. Firstly, preparing a pipeline leakage test, namely filling gas, filling tracer gas, simulating a real gas pipeline, respectively arranging closed and open environments after the gas mixing tank is filled with mixed gas, then opening leakage points on the visual pipeline, recording data after the leakage points are opened under different environments, and finally processing and analyzing the collected test data; the method is simple and safe to operate, changes of pressure, temperature, flow rate, sound wave and vibration at the leakage point when the gas pipeline leaks in different environments are researched by a system, and therefore the method is used as a basis for judging the leakage when the gas pipeline conveys gas, and has wide significance for determining the leakage point of the gas pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a simulation test device and a leakage source positioning method, in particular to a gas simulation test device and a positioning method which are suitable for gas pipeline safety detection.
Background
Gas leakage is a phenomenon that gas accidentally leaks in air from pipes and cylinders, and is characterized in that a large amount of gas leaks in a short time, and the leakage may last for a long time, and may cause serious damage to surrounding environments and equipment. For example, 2 times of explosion of a Jinzhou natural gas pipeline which happens recently, and after the accident happens shortly, through preliminary judgment, the gas pipeline of an accident Jinzhou natural gas company leaks to cause explosion, and finally, serious consequences of 3 deaths and 8 mild injuries are caused; the 3.14 gas flash explosion accident which occurs in the Chongqing Xingxing district is a natural gas leakage explosion casualty accident which occurs in the Chongqing district Xingxing town, and the accident totally causes 3 deaths, 5 serious injuries, 5 light injuries and heavy property losses, so the gas pipeline leakage becomes a serious problem.
At present, along with the process of urbanization, the development of town gas pipelines is more and more rapid, and many cities correspondingly face the problem of gas pipeline leakage. Therefore, the treatment of gas pipeline leakage is always a key condition of attention, and the precondition is how to accurately identify a gas leakage point, and although various gas leakage source positioning methods exist at present, the effect is not ideal. In order to improve the accuracy and convenience of positioning of the gas leakage source, research needs to be carried out on the gas leakage conditions under different conditions such as a deeply buried pipeline and a ground pipeline, conventional research not only wastes time and labor, but also has certain safety risks, and in order to improve the research efficiency and economy and guarantee the research safety, a large physical simulation test device capable of simulating gas leakage indoors needs to be developed, and the gas leakage source positioning research is carried out based on identification data of various sensors so as to optimize the gas leakage source positioning method and guarantee the safety of the gas pipeline.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the technology, the gas leakage simulation test device and the leakage source positioning method which are simple in structure, convenient to use, flexible in detection and accurate in test are used.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention discloses a gas leakage simulation test device and a leakage source positioning device, which comprise a gas source system, a visual pipeline system, a leakage source system, a central control system and a circulating recovery system; filling gas into the visual pipeline system and the leakage source system by using the gas source system, filling trace gas to simulate a real gas pipeline, respectively arranging closed and open environments after the visual pipeline system and the circulation recovery system are filled with mixed gas, opening leakage points preset in the leakage source system, recording data after the leakage points are opened in different environments, and processing and analyzing the collected data;
the gas source system comprises a gas cylinder, a tracer gas cylinder and a gas mixing tank, the outlets of the gas cylinder and the tracer gas cylinder are respectively connected with the gas mixing tank, the outlets of the gas cylinder and the tracer gas cylinder are provided with switches, and the gas cylinder and the tracer gas are mixed in the gas mixing tank by controlling the switches;
the circulating recovery system comprises a fuel gas recovery gas tank and a circulating pipeline connected with the gas mixing tank, and a switch valve V is arranged on the circulating pipeline;
the visual pipeline system is a visual pipeline, and various sensors are arranged on the visual pipeline at intervals;
the leakage source system is a leakage pipeline, a plurality of leakage points are preset on the leakage pipeline, one end of the leakage pipeline is connected with a vacuum machine, the other end of the leakage pipeline is connected with a fuel gas recovery gas tank, a fuel gas cylinder is arranged at the position, close to the vacuum machine, of the leakage pipeline, and the end, connected with the fuel gas recovery gas tank, of the leakage pipeline is also connected with a gas collecting bottle through a ventilator pipeline;
the gas recovery tank and the gas mixing tank are connected with each other through a circulating pipeline, and two ends of the visual pipeline are respectively connected with the gas recovery tank and the gas mixing tank through pipelines;
the central control system comprises a data processor and a high-speed camera, wherein the high-speed camera is connected with the data processor through a data line, is connected with various sensors through lines when being connected with the data processor, and collects data sent by the sensors.
Further, the various sensors arranged on the visual pipeline comprise a pressure sensor II, an acoustic emission sensor, a vibration sensor, a temperature sensor and a flow velocity sensor.
Furthermore, the leakage point on the leakage pipeline comprises a leakage point I, a leakage point II, a leakage point III and a leakage point IV, the leakage point I, the leakage point II, the leakage point III and the leakage point IV are arranged on the leakage pipeline at equal intervals, and a pressure sensor IV is further arranged at the joint of the leakage pipeline and the vacuum machine.
Further, a pipeline for connecting the gas mixing tank with the visual pipeline is provided with a switch valve I, the switch valve I is provided with a flowmeter I, and a pipeline between the switch valve I and the gas mixing tank is provided with a pressure sensor I; be equipped with switch valve II on the pipeline that gas recovery gas pitcher and visual pipeline are connected, be equipped with flowmeter II on switch valve II, be equipped with pressure sensor III on the pipeline between switch valve II and the gas recovery system gas pitcher.
Further, a switch valve III is arranged on a pipeline between the fuel gas recovery tank and the leakage pipeline; and a switch valve IV is arranged on the pipeline of the leakage pipeline and the ventilator.
A gas leakage simulation test device and a leakage source positioning method comprise the following steps:
1) preparation work in the early stage of the test:
1.1) connecting a gas cylinder, a tracer gas cylinder and a gas mixing tank to well supply gas;
1.2) connecting each sensor with a data processor;
1.3) opening a switch valve I, a switch valve II, a switch valve III and a switch valve V, closing a switch valve IV, starting a vacuum machine, vacuumizing a recycling system, a visual pipeline system and a leakage source system, closing the vacuum machine when feedback information of a pressure sensor I, a pressure sensor III and the pressure sensor IV reaches the pressure in vacuum, and simultaneously closing the switch valve I, the switch valve II, the switch valve III and the switch valve V;
2) a control test was carried out without gas leakage:
2.1) opening a switch valve V, opening a gas cylinder and a tracer gas cylinder, and slowly filling gas and tracer gas into a gas mixing tank to mix in the gas mixing tank;
2.2) viewing data information fed back by the pressure sensor I and the pressure sensor III in the data processor, and immediately closing the gas cylinder and the tracer gas cylinder after the data meet the requirement of a test to be carried out;
2.3) stopping for a period of time, completely diffusing the mixed gas to a visualization pipeline system and a recycling system, starting to perform a test, acquiring videos of the visualization pipeline system and the recycling system by using a high-speed camera, and simultaneously recording data information of all sensors by using a data processor;
3) carrying out a simulated pipeline leakage test in a closed environment:
3.1) after the non-leakage test is finished, keeping the visual pipeline system and the circulating recovery system unchanged;
3.2) keeping the closing states of the switch valve III and the switch valve IV, checking the pressure data of the pressure sensor IV at the data processor, and starting the vacuum machine to vacuumize if the leakage pipeline is not the pressure in the vacuum state;
3.3) opening any leakage point, and starting a data processor and a high-speed camera to record and shoot data;
3.4) changing test conditions, including replacing the visual pipeline with different positions, shapes, areas, intervals and flow leakage points, and repeating the steps for testing;
4) simulated pipeline leakage in open environment:
4.1) keeping the closing states of the switch valve III and the switch valve IV, opening the gas cylinder and the tracer gas cylinder to fill gas into the gas mixing tank, and stopping filling gas after the data processor displays that data information fed back by the pressure sensor I and the pressure sensor III meets the test requirements;
4.2) performing the following operations according to the data information of the pressure sensor IV in the data processor: if the gas leaked in the previous test does not reach the pressure of the atmospheric pressure in the leakage pipeline, opening a gas cylinder to fill gas into the leakage pipeline until the gas reaches a standard atmospheric pressure, and stopping filling gas; if the pressure exceeds the atmospheric pressure, the switch valve is opened, the ventilator is started to suck redundant gas into the gas collecting bottle, the switch valve is closed after the atmospheric pressure is reached, and the ventilator is closed;
4.3) opening any leakage point, and starting a data processor and a high-speed camera to record and photograph data;
4.4) replacing the visual pipeline with different positions, shapes, areas, intervals and flow leakage points, and repeating the steps for testing;
5) and (3) recycling tail gas after the test:
5.1) opening all the switch valves I, II, III, IV and V, simultaneously starting the ventilator, extracting the mixed gas in the whole system after the test into a gas collecting bottle, sealing and storing, and directly filling the mixed gas into a gas mixing tank as the gas for the next test during the next test;
5.2) judging whether the mixed gas is completely pumped out or not by the data of the pressure sensor I, the pressure sensor III and the pressure sensor IV in the data processor, and immediately closing all the switch valves and the ventilators after the mixed gas is completely pumped out to finish the test;
6) and (3) data analysis:
6.1) analyzing the flow rule of the mixed gas and all sensor data under the condition of no leakage;
6.2) analyzing the leakage rule of the gas pipeline in the closed environment, positioning a leakage source based on sensor data, comparing and analyzing the leakage source with video data, and observing the acoustic signal, flow rate, pressure, vibration signal and temperature difference at the corresponding leakage point under the conditions that the leakage does not occur and the leakage occurs in the closed environment; simultaneously analyzing and comparing corresponding data when different leakage points are leaked and observing an evolution rule;
6.3) analyzing the leakage rule of the gas pipeline in the open environment, positioning a leakage source based on sensor data, comparing and analyzing the leakage source with video data, and observing the sound signal, flow rate, pressure, vibration signal and temperature difference at the corresponding leakage point under the conditions of no leakage and leakage in the open environment; simultaneously analyzing and comparing corresponding data when different leakage points are leaked and observing an evolution rule;
and 6.4) comparing and analyzing the differences of normal, closed leakage and open leakage rules under different conditions, and optimizing the positioning method to form the optimal sensor arrangement mode and positioning method suitable for different environmental conditions.
Has the advantages that:
this device simple structure, convenient to use can carry out the omnidirectional gas and leak to compare through the video of various sensor data and record, thereby obtain the relation between omnidirectional data and the state, can obtain the gas fast and reveal the problem that the various states of in-process correspond, reveal the field to the gas and have extensive meaning. The Bran device mixes gas cylinder and tracer gas cylinder in the gas mixing system, fills whole analogue test device into after that, can directly survey the state condition when the gas leaks in the twinkling of an eye at visual pipeline, can verify the accuracy of the gas leakage source position that obtains based on sensor data analysis. The leakage pipeline can simulate the condition of gas leakage in a closed environment when the pipeline is deeply buried underground; the leaking pipeline can directly simulate the situation when the pipeline gas leaks in the open environment. The gas can be circulated by utilizing the circulating pipeline and the switch valve V, the real state of the gas during conveying is simulated, the test data is close to the real data, a correct conclusion is obtained, meanwhile, the leaked gas can be recycled after the test is completed, the resource utilization efficiency is improved, the test safety is ensured, and the environmental pollution is reduced.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a gas leakage simulation test device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a gas cylinder, 2-a tracer gas cylinder, 3-a gas mixing tank, 4 a-a flow meter I, 4 b-a flow meter II, 5 a-a switching valve I, 5 b-a switching valve II, 5 c-a switching valve III, 5 d-a switching valve IV, 5 e-a switching valve V, 6-a visualization pipeline, 7 a-a pressure sensor I, 7 b-a pressure sensor II, 7 c-a pressure sensor III, 7 d-a pressure sensor IV, 8-an acoustic emission sensor, 9-a vibration sensor, 10-a temperature sensor, 11-a flow rate sensor, 12-a leakage pipeline, 13-a gas cylinder, 14 a-a leakage point I, 14 b-a leakage point II, 14 c-a leakage point III, 14 d-a leakage point IV, 15-ventilator, 16-gas collecting bottle, 17-gas recovery gas pipe, 18-vacuum machine, 19-high speed camera, 20-data processor, 21-circulating pipeline.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the invention 1 relates to a gas leakage simulation test device and a leakage source positioning device, which are characterized in that: the system comprises an air source system, a visual pipeline system, a leakage source system, a central control system and a circulating recovery system; filling gas into the visual pipeline system and the leakage source system by using the gas source system, filling trace gas to simulate a real gas pipeline, respectively arranging closed and open environments after the visual pipeline system and the leakage source system are filled with mixed gas, opening leakage points preset in the leakage source system, recording data after the leakage points are opened in different environments, and processing and analyzing the collected data;
the gas source system comprises a gas cylinder 1, a tracer gas cylinder 2 and a gas mixing tank 3, the outlets of the gas cylinder 1 and the tracer gas cylinder 2 are respectively connected with the gas mixing tank 3, the outlets of the gas cylinder 1 and the tracer gas cylinder 2 are provided with switches, and the gas and the tracer gas are mixed in the gas mixing tank 3 by controlling the switches;
the circulating recovery system comprises a fuel gas recovery gas tank 17 and a circulating pipeline 21 connected with the gas mixing tank 3, and a switch valve V5 e is arranged on the circulating pipeline 21;
the visual pipeline system is a visual pipeline 6, and various sensors are arranged on the visual pipeline 6 at intervals;
the leakage source system is a leakage pipeline 12, a plurality of leakage points are preset on the leakage pipeline 12, one end of the leakage pipeline 12 is connected with a vacuum machine 18, the other end of the leakage pipeline 12 is connected with a fuel gas recovery gas tank 17, a fuel gas cylinder 13 is arranged at the position, close to the vacuum machine 18, of the leakage pipeline 12, and the end, connected with the fuel gas recovery gas tank 17, of the leakage pipeline 12 is further connected with a gas collecting bottle 16 through a pipeline of a ventilator 15;
the gas recovery gas tank 17 and the gas mixing tank 3 are connected with each other through a circulating pipeline 21, and two ends of the visual pipeline 6 are respectively connected with the gas recovery gas tank 17 and the gas mixing tank 3 through pipelines;
the central control system comprises a data processor 20 and a high-speed camera 19, wherein the high-speed camera 19 is connected with the data processor 20 through a data line, is connected with various sensors through lines when being connected with the data processor 20, and collects data sent by the sensors.
The various sensors arranged on the visual pipeline 6 comprise a pressure sensor II 7b, an acoustic emission sensor 8, a vibration sensor 9, a temperature sensor 10 and a flow velocity sensor 11; the leakage points on the leakage pipeline 12 comprise a leakage point I14 a, a leakage point II 14b, a leakage point III 14c and a leakage point IV 14d, the leakage point I14 a, the leakage point II 14b, the leakage point III 14c and the leakage point IV 14d are arranged on the leakage pipeline 12 at equal intervals, and a pressure sensor IV 7d is further arranged at the connection part of the leakage pipeline 12 and the vacuum machine 18; a pipeline for connecting the gas mixing tank 3 with the visual pipeline 6 is provided with a switch valve I5 a, the switch valve I5 a is provided with a flowmeter I4 a, and a pipeline between the switch valve I5 a and the gas mixing tank 3 is provided with a pressure sensor I7 a; a pipeline for connecting the gas recovery tank 17 with the visual pipeline 6 is provided with a switch valve II 5b, the switch valve II 5b is provided with a flowmeter II 4b, and a pipeline between the switch valve II 5b and the gas recovery system tank 17 is provided with a pressure sensor III 7 c; a switch valve III 5c is arranged on a pipeline between the fuel gas recovery tank 17 and the leakage pipeline 12; and a switching valve IV 5d is arranged on a pipeline between the leakage pipeline 12 and the ventilator 15.
A gas leakage simulation test device and a leakage source positioning method comprise the following steps:
1) preparation work in the early stage of the test:
1.1) connecting a gas cylinder 1, a tracer gas cylinder 2 and a gas mixing tank 3 to supply gas well;
1.2) connecting each sensor with the data processor 20;
1.3) opening a switch valve I5 a, a switch valve II 5b, a switch valve III 5c and a switch valve V5 e, closing a switch valve IV 5d, starting a vacuum machine 18, vacuumizing a recycling system, a visual pipeline system and a leakage source system, closing the vacuum machine 18 after feedback information of a pressure sensor I7 a, a pressure sensor III 7c and the pressure sensor IV 7d reaches the pressure in vacuum, and simultaneously closing the switch valve I5 a, the switch valve II 5b, the switch valve III 5c and the switch valve V5 e;
2) a control test was carried out without gas leakage:
2.1) opening a switch valve V5 e, opening a gas cylinder 1 and a tracer gas cylinder 2, and slowly filling gas and tracer gas into a gas mixing tank 3 to mix in the gas mixing tank 3;
2.2) viewing data information fed back by the pressure sensor I7 a and the pressure sensor III 7c in the data processor 20, and immediately closing the gas cylinder 1 and the tracer gas cylinder 2 after the data meet the requirement of a test to be carried out;
2.3) stopping for a period of time, starting to test the mixed gas visualization pipeline system and the circulation recovery system, acquiring videos of the visualization pipeline system and the circulation recovery system by using the high-speed camera 19, and recording data information of all sensors by using the data processor 20;
3) carrying out a simulated pipeline leakage test in a closed environment:
3.1) after the non-leakage test is finished, keeping the visual pipeline system and the circulating recovery system unchanged;
3.2) keeping the closing states of the switch valve III 5c and the switch valve IV 5d, checking the pressure data of the pressure sensor IV 7d at the data processor 20, and starting the vacuum machine 18 to vacuumize if the leakage pipeline 12 is not under the vacuum state;
3.3) opening any leakage point, and starting the data processor 20 and the high-speed camera 19 to record and shoot data;
3.4) changing the test conditions, including replacing the visual pipeline 6 with different positions, shapes, areas, intervals and flow leakage points, and repeating the steps for testing;
4) simulated pipeline leakage in open environment:
4.1) keeping the closing states of the switch valve III 5c and the switch valve IV 5d, opening the gas cylinder 1 and the tracer gas cylinder 2 to fill gas into the gas mixing tank 3, and stopping filling gas after the data processor 20 displays that data information fed back by the pressure sensor I7 a and the pressure sensor III 7c meets the test requirements;
4.2) according to the data information of the pressure sensor IV 7d in the data processor 20, the following operations are carried out: if the gas leaked in the previous test does not reach the pressure of the atmospheric pressure in the leakage pipeline 12, opening the gas cylinder 13 to fill gas into the leakage pipeline 12 until the gas reaches a standard atmospheric pressure, and stopping filling gas; if the pressure exceeds the atmospheric pressure, the switch valve 5d is opened, the ventilator 15 is started to suck redundant gas into the gas collecting bottle 16, the switch valve 5d is closed after the atmospheric pressure is reached, and the ventilator 15 is closed;
4.3) opening any leakage point, and starting the data processor 20 and the high-speed camera 19 to record and photograph data;
4.4) replacing the visual pipeline 6 with different positions, shapes, areas, intervals and flow leakage points, and repeating the steps for testing;
5) and (3) recycling tail gas after the test:
5.1) opening all the switch valves I5 a, II 5b, III 5c, IV 5d and V5 e, simultaneously starting the ventilator 15, extracting the mixed gas in the whole system after the test into the gas collecting bottle 16, sealing and storing, and directly filling the mixed gas into the gas mixing tank 3 as the gas for the next test;
5.2) judging whether the mixed gas is completely pumped out or not by data of the pressure sensor I7 a, the pressure sensor III 7c and the pressure sensor IV 7d in the data processor 20, and immediately closing all the switch valves and the ventilators 15 after the mixed gas is completely pumped out to finish the test;
6) and (3) data analysis:
6.1) analyzing the flow rule of the mixed gas and all sensor data under the condition of no leakage;
6.2) analyzing the leakage rule of the gas pipeline in the closed environment, positioning a leakage source based on sensor data, comparing and analyzing the leakage source with video data, and observing the acoustic signal, flow rate, pressure, vibration signal and temperature difference at the corresponding leakage point under the conditions that the leakage does not occur and the leakage occurs in the closed environment; simultaneously analyzing and comparing corresponding data when different leakage points are leaked and observing an evolution rule;
6.3) analyzing the leakage rule of the gas pipeline in the open environment, positioning a leakage source based on sensor data, comparing and analyzing the leakage source with video data, and observing the sound signal, flow rate, pressure, vibration signal and temperature difference at the corresponding leakage point under the conditions of no leakage and leakage in the open environment; simultaneously analyzing and comparing corresponding data when different leakage points are leaked and observing an evolution rule;
and 6.4) comparing and analyzing the differences of normal, closed leakage and open leakage rules under different conditions, and optimizing the positioning method to form the optimal sensor arrangement mode and positioning method suitable for different environmental conditions.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a gas leakage analogue test device and let out leakage source positioner which characterized in that: the system comprises an air source system, a visual pipeline system, a leakage source system, a central control system and a circulating recovery system; filling gas into the visual pipeline system and the circulating recovery system by using the gas source system, filling trace gas to simulate a real gas pipeline, respectively arranging closed and open environments after the visual pipeline system and the circulating recovery system are filled with mixed gas, opening leakage points preset in the leakage source system, recording data after the leakage points are opened in different environments, and processing and analyzing the collected data;
the gas source system comprises a gas cylinder (1), a tracer gas cylinder (2) and a gas mixing tank (3), the outlets of the gas cylinder (1) and the tracer gas cylinder (2) are respectively connected with the gas mixing tank (3), the outlets of the gas cylinder (1) and the tracer gas cylinder (2) are provided with switches, and the gas and the tracer gas are mixed in the gas mixing tank (3) by controlling the switches;
the recycling system comprises a fuel gas recycling gas tank (17) and a recycling pipeline (21) connected with the gas mixing tank (3), and a switch valve V (5e) is arranged on the recycling pipeline (21);
the visual pipeline system is a visual pipeline (6), and various sensors are arranged on the visual pipeline (6) at intervals;
the leakage source system is a leakage pipeline (12), a plurality of leakage points are preset on the leakage pipeline (12), one end of the leakage pipeline (12) is connected with a vacuum machine (18), the other end of the leakage pipeline is connected with a fuel gas recovery gas tank (17), a fuel gas cylinder (13) is arranged at the position, close to the vacuum machine (18), of the leakage pipeline (12), and one end, connected with the fuel gas recovery gas tank (17), of the leakage pipeline (12) is further connected with a gas collecting cylinder (16) through a pipeline of a ventilator (15);
the gas recovery gas tank (17) and the gas mixing tank (3) are connected with each other through a circulating pipeline (21), and two ends of the visual pipeline (6) are respectively connected with the gas recovery gas tank (17) and the gas mixing tank (3) through pipelines;
the central control system comprises a data processor (20) and a high-speed camera (19), wherein the high-speed camera (19) is connected with the data processor (20) through a data line, is connected with various sensors through lines when being connected with the data processor (20), and collects data sent by the sensors.
2. The gas leakage simulation test device and the leakage source positioning device according to claim 1, wherein: the various sensors arranged on the visual pipeline (6) comprise a pressure sensor II (7b), an acoustic emission sensor (8), a vibration sensor (9), a temperature sensor (10) and a flow velocity sensor (11).
3. The gas leakage simulation test device and the leakage source positioning device according to claim 1, wherein: the leakage points on the leakage pipeline (12) comprise a leakage point I (14a), a leakage point II (14b), a leakage point III (14c) and a leakage point IV (14d), the leakage point I (14a), the leakage point II (14b), the leakage point III (14c) and the leakage point IV (14d) are arranged on the leakage pipeline (12) at equal intervals, and a pressure sensor IV (7d) is further arranged at the joint of the leakage pipeline (12) and the vacuum machine (18).
4. The gas leakage simulation test device and the leakage source positioning device according to claim 1, wherein: a pipeline for connecting the gas mixing tank (3) and the visual pipeline (6) is provided with a switch valve I (5a), the switch valve I (5a) is provided with a flowmeter I (4a), and a pipeline between the switch valve I (5a) and the gas mixing tank (3) is provided with a pressure sensor I (7 a); be equipped with switch valve II (5b) on the pipeline that gas recovery gas pitcher (17) and visual pipeline (6) are connected, be equipped with flowmeter II (4b) on switch valve II (5b), be equipped with pressure sensor III (7c) on the pipeline between switch valve II (5b) and gas recovery system gas pitcher (17).
5. The gas leakage simulation test device and the leakage source positioning device according to claim 1, wherein: a switch valve III (5c) is arranged on a pipeline between the fuel gas recovery tank (17) and the leakage pipeline (12); and a switching valve IV (5d) is arranged on the pipeline of the leakage pipeline (12) and the ventilator (15).
6. A positioning method using the gas leakage simulation test device and the leakage source positioning device of claims 1-5 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparation work in the early stage of the test:
1.1) connecting a gas cylinder (1), a tracer gas cylinder (2) and a gas mixing tank (3) to well supply gas;
1.2) connecting each sensor with a data processor (20);
1.3) opening a switch valve I (5a), a switch valve II (5b), a switch valve III (5c) and a switch valve V (5e), closing a switch valve IV (5d), starting a vacuum machine (18), vacuumizing a recycling system, a visual pipeline system and a leakage source system, closing the vacuum machine (18) after feedback information of a pressure sensor I (7a), a pressure sensor III (7c) and the pressure sensor IV (7d) reaches the pressure in vacuum, and simultaneously closing the switch valve I (5a), the switch valve II (5b), the switch valve III (5c) and the switch valve V (5 e);
2) a control test was carried out without gas leakage:
2.1) opening a switch valve V (5e), opening a gas cylinder (1) and a tracer gas cylinder (2), and slowly filling gas and tracer gas into a gas mixing tank (3) to mix in the gas mixing tank (3);
2.2) viewing data information fed back by a pressure sensor I (7a) and a pressure sensor III (7c) in the data processor (20), and immediately closing the gas cylinder (1) and the tracer gas cylinder (2) after the data meet the requirement of a test to be carried out;
2.3) stopping for a period of time, starting to perform a test when the mixed gas is completely diffused to the visual pipeline system and the circulating recovery system, acquiring videos of the visual pipeline system and the circulating recovery system by using a high-speed camera (19), and recording data information of all sensors by using a data processor (20) at the same time;
3) carrying out a simulated pipeline leakage test in a closed environment:
3.1) after the non-leakage test is finished, keeping the visual pipeline system and the circulating recovery system unchanged;
3.2) keeping the closing states of the switch valve III (5c) and the switch valve IV (5d), checking the pressure data of the pressure sensor IV (7d) at the data processor (20), and starting a vacuum machine (18) to vacuumize if the leakage pipeline (12) is not under the vacuum state;
3.3) opening any leakage point, and starting a data processor (20) and a high-speed camera (19) to record and shoot data;
3.4) changing the test conditions, including replacing the visual pipeline (6) with different positions, shapes, areas, intervals and flow leakage points, and repeating the steps for testing;
4) simulated pipeline leakage in open environment:
4.1) keeping the closing states of the switch valve III (5c) and the switch valve IV (5d), opening the gas cylinder (1) and the tracer gas cylinder (2) to fill gas into the gas mixing tank (3), and stopping filling gas after the data processor (20) displays that data information fed back by the pressure sensor I (7a) and the pressure sensor III (7c) meets the test requirements;
4.2) according to the data information of the pressure sensor IV (7d) in the data processor (20), the following operations are carried out: if the gas leaked in the previous test does not reach the pressure of the atmospheric pressure in the leakage pipeline (12), opening a gas cylinder (13) to charge gas into the leakage pipeline (12) until the gas reaches a standard atmospheric pressure, and stopping charging; if the pressure exceeds the atmospheric pressure, the switch valve (5d) is opened, the ventilator (15) is started to suck redundant gas into the gas collecting bottle (16), the switch valve (5d) is closed after the atmospheric pressure is reached, and the ventilator (15) is closed;
4.3) opening any leakage point, and starting a data processor (20) and a high-speed camera (19) to record and photograph data;
4.4) replacing the visual pipeline (6) with different positions, shapes, areas, intervals and flow leakage points, and repeating the steps to perform the test;
5) and (3) recycling tail gas after the test:
5.1) opening all the switch valves I (5a), II (5b), III (5c), IV (5d) and V (5e), simultaneously starting the ventilator (15), extracting the mixed gas in the whole system after the test into a gas collecting bottle (16) for sealing, and directly filling the mixed gas into a gas mixing tank (3) for being used as the gas for the next test during the next test;
5.2) judging whether the mixed gas is completely pumped out or not by data of the pressure sensor I (7a), the pressure sensor III (7c) and the pressure sensor IV (7d) in the data processor (20), and immediately closing all the switch valves and the ventilators (15) after the mixed gas is completely pumped out to finish the test;
6) and (3) data analysis:
6.1) analyzing the flow rule of the mixed gas and all sensor data under the condition of no leakage;
6.2) analyzing the leakage rule of the gas pipeline in the closed environment, positioning a leakage source based on sensor data, comparing and analyzing the leakage source with video data, and observing the acoustic signal, flow rate, pressure, vibration signal and temperature difference at the corresponding leakage point under the conditions that the leakage does not occur and the leakage occurs in the closed environment; simultaneously analyzing and comparing corresponding data when different leakage points are leaked and observing an evolution rule;
6.3) analyzing the leakage rule of the gas pipeline in the open environment, positioning a leakage source based on sensor data, comparing and analyzing the leakage source with video data, and observing the sound signal, flow rate, pressure, vibration signal and temperature difference at the corresponding leakage point under the conditions of no leakage and leakage in the open environment; simultaneously analyzing and comparing corresponding data when different leakage points are leaked and observing an evolution rule;
and 6.4) comparing and analyzing the differences of normal, closed leakage and open leakage rules under different conditions, and optimizing the positioning method to form the optimal sensor arrangement mode and positioning method suitable for different environmental conditions.
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