CN114893492B - A intelligent gasket for real-time supervision bolt pretightning force changes - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent gasket for real-time monitoring of changes in bolt pretightening force, relates to the field of monitoring technology, and includes a gasket, which is equipped with a connected support component and a monitoring component, and the gasket Both the inner circumference and the outer circumference of the gasket are provided with a first weakening groove, and the inside of the gasket is provided with two first cavities and a second cavity. The present invention restricts the deformation of the gasket through interlocking limiting slots and limiting inserts, so that the two ends of the gasket are always kept parallel during the deformation process, so that the side surfaces of the gasket can be deformed uniformly. Deformation further improves the validity of the monitoring data of the monitoring components and improves the monitoring efficiency of relevant technical personnel. The sliding rod is supported by the telescopic rod and the second limit hole, so that the monitoring component fixedly installed on the outside of the sliding rod is always located on the pad The middle part, so that the monitoring component is always located at the position of the maximum deformation of the gasket, and the monitoring effect of the monitoring component is improved.

Description

A smart gasket for real-time monitoring of changes in bolt preload

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of monitoring, in particular to an intelligent gasket for real-time monitoring of changes in bolt pretightening force.

Background technique

A bolt is a mechanical part used to connect and fasten two parts with through holes, and because of its low cost and strong practicability, it has become one of the most common mechanical parts in our daily life and has played an irreplaceable role. effect. In the process of tightening the bolt, due to the tightening torque, a force along the axis of the bolt will be generated between the bolt and the connected part, which is called the bolt pre-tightening force. The pre-tightening force can improve the reliability of the bolted connection, the anti-loosening ability and the fatigue strength of the bolt, and enhance the tightness and rigidity of the connection. But too high or too low bolt pretightening force will lead to the failure of the connection of parts, causing unnecessary losses. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the pre-tightening force of the bolts, so as to grasp the relaxation of the pre-tightening force, ensure the stable and reliable connection of the bolts, and reduce unnecessary losses caused by the loosening of the bolts.

Most of the existing gaskets used to monitor the change of bolt pre-tightening force are made of rubber without effective support structure. During the installation process of cooperating bolts, affected by the effect of bolt tightening force, irregular deformation will occur. Through the irregular Calculation of the bolt pretightening force by the deformation increases the difficulty of monitoring and reduces the monitoring efficiency. At the same time, most of the existing monitoring devices are fixedly installed inside the gasket, which cannot monitor the deformation at the position of the maximum deformation of the gasket in real time. Therefore, this application A smart gasket for real-time monitoring of bolt preload changes is provided to meet the demand.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this application is to provide a smart gasket for real-time monitoring of changes in the bolt preload. The deformation of the gasket is limited by the interlocking limit slot and the limit insert, so that the two ends of the gasket Always keep parallel during the deformation process, so that the side of the gasket is deformed with a uniform deformation amount, which further improves the effectiveness of the monitoring data of the monitoring components and improves the monitoring efficiency of relevant technical personnel. Provide support for the slide bar, so that the monitoring component fixedly installed on the outside of the slide bar is always located in the middle of the gasket, so that the monitoring component is always located at the position of the maximum deformation of the gasket, and the monitoring effect of the monitoring component is improved.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: an intelligent gasket for real-time monitoring of changes in bolt pre-tightening force, including a gasket, a supporting component and a monitoring component connected to each other are installed in the gasket, and the Both the inner circumference and the outer circumference of the gasket are provided with a first weakening groove, the inside of the gasket is provided with two first cavities and the second cavity, and the inside of the gasket is provided with a third cavity, The third cavity is located in the middle of the two second cavities, the third cavity is located in the middle of the two first cavities, and both sides of the third cavity are formed in an annular array. A plurality of communication grooves, the second cavity, the third cavity communicate with the communication grooves, the inside of the gasket is provided with a first limiting groove and a third limiting groove, and the third cavity The cavity is located in the middle of the first limiting groove and the third limiting groove, and one side of the first limiting groove is formed in an annular array with two sets of second limiting grooves communicating with the first limiting groove. One side of the third limiting groove is arranged in an annular array with two sets of fourth limiting grooves communicating with the third limiting groove; the supporting part is used to increase the supporting strength of the gasket , the monitoring component is used to monitor the deformation of the gasket in real time.

Preferably, the support member includes a first support ring fixedly installed in the third limiting groove, and one side of the first supporting ring is installed in an annular array with a plurality of sleeves fixed to the fourth limiting groove. A limiting slot connected to the first limiting slot, a piezoelectric sheet is fixedly installed in the first limiting slot, and one side of the piezoelectric sheet is arranged in an annular array with a number of limiting slots fixedly sleeved with the second limiting slot. insert.

Preferably, the first support ring, the limiting slot and the gasket are integrally vulcanized, and the piezoelectric sheet, the limiting insert and the gasket are integrally vulcanized.

Preferably, the limiting insert is plugged into the limiting slot, and two second limiting holes are opened on one side of the two second cavities, and the two second limiting holes The inner sliding sleeves are provided with slide bars.

Preferably, the monitoring component includes the same laser diode fixedly installed on the outside of the two slide bars, an inverted telescope and an aperture, the inverted telescope is located between the laser diode and the aperture, and the first support A triode and a battery are fixedly installed on one side of the ring, and piezoelectric ceramic sheets are arranged on the inner wall of the limiting slot, and the triode, the battery, the laser diode and several piezoelectric ceramic sheets are electrically connected and form a series closed loop.

Preferably, the inner walls on both sides of the third cavity are provided with a plurality of strain gauges in an annular array, and the plurality of strain gauges are all electrically connected to the same battery, and one side of the gasket is fixedly sleeved with a penetrating and A hose extending into the third cavity, one end of several of the strain gauges are fixedly connected with a data transmission line, and several of the data transmission lines pass through the third cavity and the hose and extend to the pad off-chip.

Preferably, the triode is a 9014 triode, and the b pole of the triode is electrically connected to one end of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet

Preferably, one side of the third limiting groove is provided with two first limiting holes, and the two first limiting holes are respectively fixedly sleeved with holes that pass through and extend into the third cavity. A telescopic rod, one end of the two telescopic rods are respectively fixedly socketed with the two sliding rods.

In sum, technical effect and advantage of the present invention:

The invention has a reasonable structure. When the bolt is tightened, one side of the gasket is squeezed by the nut, and the shape of the gasket is increased through the first weakening groove, the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity opened in the gasket. variable, so as to facilitate the monitoring of the monitoring parts, improve the monitoring efficiency of the monitoring parts, support the end face of the gasket through the supporting parts, prevent the gasket from irregular deformation during the extrusion process, and reduce the difficulty of monitoring the bolt pre-tightening force. Improved monitoring data accuracy and effectiveness;

In the present invention, one side of the gasket is supported by the piezoelectric sheet, the other side of the gasket is supported by the first support ring, and the spacer is supported by the interlocking limiting slot and the limiting insert. The deformation is limited, so that the two ends of the gasket are always parallel during the deformation process, so that the side of the gasket is deformed with a uniform deformation, which further improves the effectiveness of the monitoring data of the monitoring components and improves the monitoring efficiency of relevant technical personnel ;

In the present invention, the telescopic rod cooperates with the second limit hole to provide support for the sliding rod, so that the monitoring component fixedly installed on the outside of the sliding rod is always located in the middle of the gasket, so that the monitoring component is always located at the position of the maximum deformation of the gasket. Improve the monitoring effect of monitoring components;

In the present invention, when the bolt is installed, the bolt squeezes one end of the gasket through the nut, and squeezes the piezoelectric sheet through the gasket. The piezoelectric sheet is squeezed to generate an electrical signal, and the signal is transmitted to the corresponding At this time, several limit slots are switched in the series closed circuit and the series circuit is energized, and then the laser diode is energized to emit laser light, and the beam is expanded and collimated through the inverted telescope. After the collimated beam passes through the diaphragm, a strong laser beam is formed immediately, through which the deformation of the gasket can be clearly observed, so as to monitor the preload of the gasket in real time.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative work.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the smart gasket used for real-time monitoring of changes in bolt preload;

Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an intelligent gasket used for real-time monitoring of changes in bolt preload;

Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structure schematic diagram after the assembly of the gasket, the support part and the detection part;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partially cut-away three-dimensional structure of an intelligent gasket for real-time monitoring of changes in bolt pretightening force;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in Figure 4;

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a partially cutaway three-dimensional structure of the gasket.

In the figure: 1. Gasket; 2. First limiting groove; 3. Second limiting groove; 4. Third limiting groove; 5. Fourth limiting groove; 6. First weakening groove; 7. Second limiting groove 1st cavity; 8. Second cavity; 9. Third cavity; 10. Communication groove; 11. First limit hole; 12. Second limit hole; 13. First support ring; 14. Limit Slot; 15. Piezoelectric sheet; 16. Limit insert; 17. Transistor; 18. Battery; 19. Telescopic rod; 20. Slider rod; 21. Laser diode; 22. Inverted telescope; 23. Aperture; 24 , Strain gauge; 25, hose.

Implementation

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment: Referring to Figure 1-6, a smart gasket for real-time monitoring of changes in bolt pretightening force, including a gasket 1, is installed in the gasket 1 with connected support components and monitoring components, gasket 1 Both the inner and outer rings of the gasket are provided with a first weakening groove 6, the inside of the gasket 1 is provided with two first cavities 7 and the second cavity 8, and the inside of the gasket 1 is provided with a third cavity 9, The third cavity 9 is located in the middle of the two second cavities 8, the third cavity 9 is located in the middle of the two first cavities 7, and both sides of the third cavity 9 are provided with a plurality of communication grooves 10 in an annular array. , the second cavity 8, the third cavity 9 communicate with the communication groove 10, the interior of the gasket 1 is provided with the first limiting groove 2 and the third limiting groove 4, and the third cavity 9 is located in the first limiting groove 2 and the middle part of the third limiting groove 4, one side of the first limiting groove 2 is provided in an annular array with two sets of second limiting grooves 3 communicating with the first limiting groove 2, and the third limiting groove 4 Two sets of fourth limiting grooves 5 communicated with the third limiting groove 4 are opened on one side in an annular array; the supporting component is used to increase the supporting strength of the gasket 1 , and the monitoring component is used to monitor the deformation of the gasket 1 in real time.

When the bolt is tightened, one side of the gasket 1 is squeezed by the nut, and the gasket 1 is increased through the first weakening groove 6, the first cavity 7, the second cavity 8, and the third cavity 9 opened in the gasket 1. The deformation of the monitoring part is convenient for monitoring, improving the monitoring efficiency of the monitoring part, supporting the end face of the gasket 1 through the supporting part, preventing the irregular deformation of the gasket 1 during the extrusion process, and reducing the bolt pre-tightening force The monitoring difficulty is improved, and the accuracy and effectiveness of monitoring data are improved.

In this embodiment, the support member includes a first support ring 13 fixedly installed in the third limiting groove 4, and one side of the first supporting ring 13 is arranged in an annular array with several rings fixedly socketed with the fourth limiting groove 5. The limit slot 14 of the first limit slot 2 is fixedly installed with a piezoelectric sheet 15, and one side of the piezoelectric sheet 15 is arranged in an annular array with a plurality of limit inserts fixedly socketed with the second limit slot 3 16, the limiting insert 16 is plugged into the limiting slot 14.

One side of the gasket 1 is supported by the piezoelectric sheet 15, the other side of the gasket 1 is supported by the first support ring 13, and the gasket is supported by the interlocking limiting slot 14 and the limiting insert 16. The deformation of the sheet 1 is limited, so that the two ends of the gasket 1 are always kept parallel during the deformation process, so that the side of the gasket 1 is deformed with a uniform deformation, which further improves the effectiveness of the monitoring data of the monitoring components and improves the correlation. Monitoring efficiency of technicians.

In this embodiment, the first support ring 13 and the limiting slot 14 are integrally vulcanized with the gasket 1 , and the piezoelectric sheet 15 and the limiting insert 16 are integrally vulcanized with the gasket 1 , to prevent the gasket 1 from being separated from the supporting part after being squeezed, and further improve the supporting effect of the supporting part on the gasket 1 .

In this embodiment, two second limiting holes 12 are opened on one side of the two second cavities 8, and a sliding rod 20 is slidably sleeved in the two second limiting holes 12. In this way, the sliding rod 20 is limited, and the inner walls on both sides of the deformed third cavity 9 are prevented from deflecting the sliding rod 20, so as to improve the supporting stability of the sliding rod 20.

In this embodiment, the monitoring component includes the same laser diode 21 fixedly installed on the outside of the two slide bars 20, an inverted telescope 22 and an aperture 23, the inverted telescope 22 is located between the laser diode 21 and the aperture 23, and the first support ring 13 A triode 17 and a battery 18 are fixedly installed on one side, and the triode 17, the battery 18, the laser diode 21 and a plurality of limit slots 14 are electrically connected to form a series closed circuit, and the inner walls on both sides of the third cavity 9 form a circular array A plurality of strain gauges 24 are provided, and the plurality of strain gauges 24 are electrically connected to the same battery 18. The triode 17 is a 9014 triode, and the b pole of the triode 17 is electrically connected to one end of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet.

When the bolt is installed, the bolt squeezes one end of the gasket 1 through the nut, and squeezes the piezoelectric sheet 15 through the gasket 1. The piezoelectric sheet 15 is squeezed to generate an electrical signal, and the signal is transmitted to its counterpart. Insert the limit slot 14, at this time, several limit slots 14 are switched in the series closed circuit and the series circuit is energized, and then the laser diode 21 is energized to emit laser light, and the beam is expanded and collimated through the inverted telescope 22 Straight, when the expanded and collimated light beam passes through the aperture 23, a strong laser beam is formed immediately, through which the deformation of the gasket 1 can be clearly observed, and the pretightening force of the gasket 1 Perform real-time monitoring.

The inner walls on both sides of the third cavity 9 are intermittently connected by opening the communication groove 10, thereby increasing the deformation space of the inner walls on both sides of the third cavity 9 and reducing the support strength on both sides of the third cavity 9, thereby increasing the third cavity 9. The amount of deformation of the inner walls on both sides of the cavity 9 can further improve the monitoring effect of the strain gauge 24 .

In this embodiment, one side of the third limiting groove 4 is provided with two first limiting holes 11, and the two first limiting holes 11 are respectively fixedly sleeved with holes that penetrate and extend into the third cavity 9. One end of the two telescopic rods 19 is respectively fixedly socketed with the two sliding rods 20, and the telescopic rods 19 cooperate with the second limit hole 12 to provide support for the sliding rods 20, so that the outside of the sliding rods 20 can be fixed and installed The monitoring component is always located in the middle of the gasket 1, so that the monitoring component is always located at the position of the maximum deformation of the gasket 1, thereby improving the monitoring effect of the monitoring component.

In this embodiment, one side of the gasket 1 is fixedly sleeved with a hose 25 that penetrates and extends into the third cavity 9, and one end of several strain gauges 24 is fixedly connected with a data transmission line (not shown in the figure). The data transmission line is not drawn in the figure and extends to the outside of the gasket 1 through the third cavity 9 and the hose 25, the other end of the data transmission line is connected to the monitoring instrument, and then directly observes the real-time monitoring data of the strain gauge 24, through The data comparison of multiple strain gauges 24 further improves the reliability of the monitoring results.

The working principle of the present invention:

When the bolt is installed, the bolt squeezes one end of the gasket through the nut, and squeezes the piezoelectric sheet through the gasket. The piezoelectric sheet is squeezed to generate an electrical signal, and the signal is transmitted to the limiter connected with it. At this time, several limit slots are switched in the series closed circuit and the series circuit is energized, and then the laser diode is energized to emit laser light, and the beam is expanded and collimated through the inverted telescope. After the beam is expanded and collimated After the light beam passes through the diaphragm, a strong laser beam is formed immediately, through which the deformation of the gasket can be clearly observed, so as to monitor the preload of the gasket in real time;

When the bolt is tightened, one side of the gasket is squeezed by the nut, and the deformation of the gasket is increased through the first weakening groove, the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity opened in the gasket, so as to facilitate monitoring The component is monitored to improve the monitoring efficiency of the monitoring component. The end face of the gasket is supported by the supporting component to prevent the gasket from irregular deformation during the extrusion process, reduce the difficulty of monitoring the bolt pre-tightening force, and improve the accuracy of the monitoring data. sex and effectiveness;

One side of the gasket is supported by the piezoelectric sheet, the other side of the gasket is supported by the first support ring, and the deformation of the gasket is limited by the interlocking limit slot and the limit insert. The two ends of the gasket are always kept parallel during the deformation process, so that the side surface of the gasket is deformed with a uniform deformation, which further improves the effectiveness of the monitoring data of the monitoring components and improves the monitoring efficiency of relevant technical personnel;

The sliding rod is supported by the telescopic rod and the second limit hole, so that the monitoring component fixedly installed on the outside of the sliding rod is always located in the middle of the gasket, so that the monitoring component is always located at the position of the maximum deformation of the gasket, and the monitoring component is improved. Monitor the effect.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still It is possible to modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or to perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An intelligent gasket for real-time monitoring of changes in bolt pre-tightening force, comprising a gasket (1), characterized in that: the gasket (1) is equipped with a connected support component and a monitoring component, the Both the inner and outer rings of the gasket (1) are provided with first weakening grooves (6), and the interior of the gasket (1) is provided with two first cavities (7) and second cavities (8) ), the inside of the gasket (1) has a third cavity (9), the third cavity (9) is located in the middle of the two second cavities (8), the third cavity The cavity (9) is located in the middle of the two first cavities (7), the two sides of the third cavity (9) are provided with a plurality of communicating grooves (10) in an annular array, and the second cavity (8), the third cavity (9) communicates with the communicating groove (10), and the inside of the gasket (1) is provided with a first limiting groove (2) and a third limiting groove (4 ), the third cavity (9) is located in the middle of the first limiting groove (2) and the third limiting groove (4), and one side of the first limiting groove (2) is Two sets of second limiting slots (3) communicating with the first limiting slots (2) are provided in the annular array, and two sets of second limiting slots (3) communicating with the first limiting slots (2) are provided in an annular array on one side of the third limiting slot (4). The fourth limiting groove (5) communicated with the third limiting groove (4) mentioned above; The supporting component is used to increase the supporting strength of the gasket (1), and the monitoring component is used to monitor the deformation of the gasket (1) in real time. 2. An intelligent gasket for real-time monitoring of changes in bolt pre-tightening force according to claim 1, characterized in that: the support member includes a first fixed fixed in the third limiting groove (4). A support ring (13), one side of the first support ring (13) is provided with a plurality of limit slots (14) fixedly socketed with the fourth limit groove (5) in an annular array, the A piezoelectric sheet (15) is fixedly installed in the first limiting groove (2), and one side of the piezoelectric sheet (15) is installed in an annular array with a number of fixed sleeves fixedly socketed with the second limiting groove (3). The limiting insert (16). 3. An intelligent gasket for real-time monitoring of changes in bolt pretightening force according to claim 2, characterized in that: the first support ring (13), the limit slot (14) and the gasket The sheet (1) is vulcanized integrally, and the piezoelectric sheet (15), the limiting insert (16) and the gasket (1) are vulcanized integrally. 4. An intelligent gasket for real-time monitoring of changes in bolt pretightening force according to claim 2, characterized in that: the limit insert (16) is plugged into the limit slot (14) , two second limiting holes (12) are opened on one side of the two second cavities (8), and a sliding rod ( 20). 5. A smart gasket for real-time monitoring of changes in bolt pretightening force according to claim 4, characterized in that: the monitoring component includes the same laser fixedly installed on the outside of the two slide bars (20) Diode (21), inverted telescope (22) and aperture (23), the inverted telescope (22) is located between the laser diode (21) and the aperture (23), the first support ring (13 ) is fixedly installed with a triode (17) and a battery (18), the inner wall of the limit slot (14) is provided with a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, the triode (17), the battery (18), the The laser diode (21) is electrically connected to the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets to form a series closed circuit. 6. An intelligent gasket for real-time monitoring of changes in bolt pre-tightening force according to claim 5, characterized in that: the inner walls on both sides of the third cavity (9) are provided with a number of strain gauges in an annular array (24), several of the strain gauges (24) are electrically connected to the same battery (18), and one side of the gasket (1) is fixedly sleeved with a hole that penetrates and extends to the third cavity ( 9) In the hose (25), one end of several strain gauges (24) is fixedly connected with a data transmission line, and several of the data transmission lines pass through the third cavity (9) and the hose (25) And extend to the outside of the gasket (1). 7. A smart gasket for real-time monitoring of changes in bolt pre-tightening force according to claim 5, characterized in that: the triode (17) is a 9014 triode, and the b pole of the triode (17) is connected to the One end of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet is electrically connected. 8. An intelligent gasket for real-time monitoring of changes in bolt pretightening force according to claim 4, characterized in that: one side of the third limiting groove (4) is provided with two first limiting holes (11), the two first limiting holes (11) are respectively fixedly sleeved with telescopic rods (19) that penetrate and extend into the third cavity (9), and the two telescopic rods One end of (19) is respectively fixedly socketed with the two sliding rods (20).