CN114892038B - High sphericity Cr-base alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity 2 Micro-nano powder and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High sphericity Cr-base alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity 2 Micro-nano powder and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0073—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only borides
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Abstract
The application discloses a Cr-based alloy-TiB with high sphericity, which is a divisional application of application number 2020105483297 2 Micro-nano powder and preparation method thereof by mixing nano TiB 2 Premixing powder and Cr-based alloy powder to ensure that the two powders are primarily mixed uniformly, then continuously ball-milling to further refine and uniformly mix particles of the two powders, finally granulating and spheroidizing, wherein the granulating is carried out to prepare composite powder into small particles through granulating equipment, the spheroidizing is carried out to melt and rapidly cool the small particles through high-temperature plasmas generated by discharge of the spheroidizing granulating equipment to obtain micro-nano powder with excellent fluidity, the prepared micro-nano powder particles are approximately spherical, have high fluidity, small particle size difference and good composite effect, can be directly used for spray coating/additive manufacturing after sieving and grading, improve and improve the high-temperature corrosion resistance and erosion abrasion resistance of nano protective coatings, and solve the problems of the prior powderThe problems of large difference of particle size distribution, poor fluidity and poor bonding strength of the bulk materials.
Description
The application is a divisional application, the application number of the original application is 2020105483297, the application date is 2020, 6 months and 16 days, and the application is named as' high sphericity Cr-base alloy-TiB 2 Micro-nano powder and a preparation method thereof.
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of surface coating materials, in particular to a Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity and high sphericity 2 Micro-nano powder and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The powder material is one of the key and core technologies of the thermal spraying surface technology and the additive manufacturing (3D printing) technology, and is also a necessary raw material for a plurality of products in national economy production. In particular metallic powder materials, their flowability and surface state determine the final properties of the 3D printing or additive manufacturing technology product. The manufacturing and processing process flow of the powder material is different, but the crushing of the material is an indispensable process flow in the production of products in a plurality of industries (including metallurgy, mine and the like). In the crushing process, the crusher bears the action of sliding friction force and supporting reaction force for a long time, abrasive particle abrasion and fatigue abrasion are generated, the gap between the two rollers is enlarged, the result of uneven discharging granularity is caused, and the production quality is seriously influenced. Meanwhile, the service life of key parts is short, so that the effective production period is short, the production efficiency is low, and the scrapping of raw materials is generated in some fields. Therefore, in order to ensure production, the worn roller surface of the crusher needs to be repaired regularly, the dimensional accuracy of the crusher is recovered, and the service life of the crusher is prolonged; for the new roller, the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the roller surface are improved, and the first service life of the roller is prolonged. At present, the market mainly adopts thermal spraying to prepare WC-Co and other metal ceramic superhard coatings to strengthen key parts of the crusher. Practical application shows that the service life of the crusher can be prolonged by adopting hard coating reinforcement, but the effect still has great room for improvement, and the main influencing factor is the self defect of the powder material for spraying. The ceramic powder materials for spraying such as WC-Co series and the like provided in the market at present are mostly aerosol powder, the difference of particle size distribution is large, the fluidity is general and oxidation is serious, so that the defects of low powder utilization rate (30-50%), low compactness, poor bonding strength (mainly mechanical occlusion) and the like easily occur in the thermal spraying coating, and the performance and the service life of the coating can be influenced in serious cases.
The plasma atomization/gas atomization technology can effectively control the sphericity, the surface morphology and the surface components (oxygen content and the like) of the powder material, and is expected to effectively solve the system problems. The superhard coating prepared by combining the plasma atomization/gas atomization pulverizing, laser remanufacturing technology and a supersonic flame spraying system has the advantages of high strength (mainly metallurgical bonding), good compactness, high powder utilization rate, relatively low cost and the like, and can widely improve the technical level of industries such as metallurgy, mine, manufacturing and the like; and the plasma atomization powder preparation also provides technical support for high-performance metal 3D printing (additive manufacturing) products, and has great engineering and scientific significance and social and economic benefits.
In addition, the traditional coarse-grain coating has the contradiction which is difficult to overcome in terms of both hardness and fracture toughness, namely, the hardness of the coating is increased, the fracture toughness is often reduced, so that the brittleness of the coating is increased, the bonding strength is reduced, the phenomena of hard phase falling off, coating cracking and the like easily occur in the subsequent use process, and the service performance of the coating is seriously reduced. The appearance of nano-coatings is expected to solve this contradiction well. As long as the setting of the spraying process parameters is reasonable, the prepared nano coating has more excellent comprehensive performance than the coarse-grain coating, can be widely applied to industrial production departments, such as aerospace industry, power station boiler pipelines, various oil gas pipelines and the like, and has very attractive prospects in actual production. As an important branch of material surface technology, thermal spraying is an effective and potential method for preparing nanocoating. It is anticipated that thermal spray nanocoating will take on an increasing importance in the future emerging technology industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present application is to provide a Cr-based alloy-TiB having excellent fluidity and high sphericity 2 The micro-nano powder is used for preparing parts with nano protective coatings in a thermal spraying/additive manufacturing mode, solves the problems of large particle size distribution gap, poor fluidity and poor bonding strength of the existing powder materials, and improves and enhances the high-temperature corrosion resistance and erosion abrasion resistance of the nano protective coatings.
In order to solve the problems, the application provides the following technical scheme: high sphericity Cr-base alloy TiB with excellent fluidity 2 Micro-nano powder comprising nano TiB 2 Powder and Cr-based alloy powder, the nano-scale TiB is prepared by the following steps of mass percent 2 The percentages of the powder and the Cr-based alloy powder in the total mass of the micro-nano powder are respectively as follows:
nanoscale TiB 2 20% -80% of powder;
20 to 80 percent of Cr-based alloy powder.
The Cr-based alloy powder is any one of Co-Ni-Cr-Mo alloy powder, ni-Cr-Fe alloy powder, ni-Cr-Al alloy powder, ni-Cr-Co-Al-Y alloy powder, ti-Cr alloy powder, ni-Cr-B-Si-Mo alloy powder, high-chromium molybdenum Ni-based self-fluxing alloy powder and Ni-Cr-W-C-based self-fluxing alloy powder;
the Co-Ni-Cr-Mo alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 39 to 41 percent of Co, 14 to 16 percent of Ni, 19 to 21 percent of Cr, 6 to 8 percent of Mo, 1.5 to 2.5 percent of Mn and the balance of Fe; the Ni-Cr-Fe alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50-55% of Ni, 15-25% of Cr and the balance of Fe; the Ni-Cr-Al alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15-30% of Cr, 5-15% of Al and the balance of Ni; the Ni-Cr-Co-Al-Y alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15-25% of Cr, 5-10% of Co, 3-8% of Al, 0.2-1% of Y, less than 1% of Fe and the balance of Ni; the Ti-Cr alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15-40% of Cr and the balance of Ti; the Ni-Cr-B-Si-Mo alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15-20% of Cr, 3-5% of B, 4-6% of Si, 5-10% of Mo and the balance of Ni; the Gao Gemu Ni-based self-fluxing alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10 to 16 percent of Cr, 1.2 to 2.5 percent of Mo and the balance of Ni; the Ni-Cr-W-C based self-fluxing alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15-30% of Cr, 15-25% of W, 1-3% of C and the balance of Ni.
The Cr-based alloy powder is CoCr alloy powder.
The nano TiB 2 The ratio of the powder is 20% -45%, and the ratio of the Cr-based alloy powder is 55% -80%.
The nano TiB 2 The ratio of the powder was 45%, and the ratio of the Cr-based alloy powder was 55%.
The application also provides the Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity and high sphericity 2 The preparation method of the micro-nano powder comprises the following steps:
1) Cr-based alloy powder and nano TiB 2 Adding the powder into a mixer according to a determined proportion, and mixing to obtain uniformly mixed first composite powder;
2) Adding the first composite powder and grinding balls into a ball mill according to a certain proportion, and ball milling under the action of protective atmosphere and absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain second composite powder;
3) According to design requirements, granulating and spheroidizing the second composite powder to obtain the Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity and high sphericity 2 Micro-nano powder;
the second composite powder is made into small particles through a granulating device in the granulating process, the small particles of the second composite powder after the granulating process are sent into the granulating device, and the small particles are melted and rapidly cooled through high-temperature plasmas generated by discharge of the granulating device to obtain the Cr-TiB alloy with high sphericity and excellent fluidity 2 Micro-nano powder.
In the step 1), a mixer is adopted to mix the Cr-based alloy powder and the nano-scale TiB 2 Premixing the powder for 2-5 hours at a speed of 100-150 r/min.
And 2) ball milling is carried out on the first composite powder by adopting a planetary ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio during ball milling is 5-15:1, the ball milling rotating speed is 100-300 r/min, and the total ball milling time is 5-10 h.
In the step 3), the production conditions of the granulating equipment are as follows: the feeding speed is 30-70ml/min, the inlet temperature is 260-290 ℃, the outlet temperature is 90-120 ℃, the pressure in the cavity is 1-2Bar, and the atomization rate of the atomizer is 3-6m 3 /h; the production conditions of the spheroidizing and granulating equipment are as follows: the probe height is-10 to-12 mm, the powder feeder is intermittent by 1-3 mm, the working power of the spheroidizing and granulating equipment is 38-40 KW, the spheroidizing and granulating equipment adopts high-purity Ar gas as carrier gas, the flow rate of the carrier gas is 2-5 Psi, the spheroidizing and granulating equipment adopts high-purity Ar gas as forming gas of plasma atmosphere, the flow rate of central air flow of the plasma atmosphere is 12-22 Psi, and the spheroidizing and granulating equipment adopts Ar/H 2 The mixed gas is used as sheath gas, and the sheath gas flow is 50-70 Psi.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:
1. the high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity of the application 2 The preparation method of the micro-nano powder comprises the steps of mixing nano TiB 2 Premixing the powder and Cr-based alloy powder to ensure that the two powders are mixed uniformly, then continuously ball milling to further refine and uniformly mix particles of the two powders, and finally producing the Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity and high sphericity by a granulating and spheroidizing method 2 The method comprises the steps of preparing micro-nano powder, granulating, namely preparing composite powder into small particles through granulating equipment, and sending the small particles of the two composite powders subjected to ball milling treatment into the granulating equipment to prepare most of elliptic particles, wherein the small particles are melted and rapidly cooled through high-temperature plasma generated by discharge of the granulating equipment by the granulating equipment to prepare the Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity and high sphericity 2 Micro-nano powder to obtain Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity and high sphericity 2 The micro-nano powder has simple technical process and low production cost, is suitable for mass production, and the raw materials used in the application are all environment-friendly substances, are harmless to human bodies in the production process and have little influence on the environment.
2. The high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity of the application 2 The micro-nano powder has the advantages that the shape of the particles is similar to sphere, so that the fluidity is high, the particle size difference is small, the composite effect is good, and the micro-nano powder can be directly used for spraying/additive manufacturing after sieving; by TiB 2 The hardness of the nano coating after the micro-nano powder is combined is enhanced, the wear resistance of the coating after the powder is combined is enhanced by Cr in Cr-based alloy powder, the bonding strength among atoms in the coating, the toughness and the compactness of the coating are enhanced by other elements in Cr-based alloy powder, the high-temperature corrosion resistance and the erosion abrasion resistance of the nano protective coating prepared by the nano protective coating are improved and improved, and the problems of large particle size distribution gap, poor fluidity and poor bonding strength of the existing powder material are solved;
3. the high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity of the application 2 In one embodiment, the wear resistance of the coating formed by the powder material is enhanced by nickel, chromium and other metal elements in the chromium-based alloy, and the corrosion resistance of the coating can also be enhanced by chromium; in one embodiment, the bonding force among coating atoms in a high-temperature state is enhanced by adding molybdenum element, so that the strength and the wear resistance of the coating are improved; in one embodiment, the ductility and compactness of the coating are increased by aluminum element; in one embodiment, the addition of yttrium element enables the coating to have high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance; one of them is realIn the examples, the mechanical strength and corrosion resistance of the coating are increased by the addition of elemental titanium; in one embodiment, the hardness of the coating is further enhanced by adding tungsten element, so that the wear resistance of the coating is enhanced; in another technical scheme, by adding elements such as silicon, boron, carbon and the like, metal elements and nonmetallic elements such as silicon, boron, carbon and the like form wear-resistant components with strong binding force, and the wear resistance of the coating is strong; by the technical scheme, the problem of poor bonding strength of the existing powder material is solved, and the high-temperature corrosion resistance and erosion abrasion resistance of the nano protective coating are improved and improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB excellent in fluidity according to the present application 2 A flow chart of a preparation method of micro-nano powder.
FIG. 2 shows TiB according to the present application 2 Raw topography of the powder.
FIG. 3 is a raw morphology of CoCr powder according to the present application.
FIG. 4 shows the high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity according to the present application 2 Powder morphology diagram of two kinds of powder in the preparation method of micro-nano powder after ball milling for 8 hours.
FIG. 5 shows a high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB excellent in fluidity in example 1 of the present application 2 And (3) finishing the powder shape and appearance diagram after plasma spheroidization in the preparation method of the micro-nano powder.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of individual microsphere of the micro-nano powder under a 200nm electron microscope after plasma spheroidization of FIG. 5.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of individual microsphere of the micro-nano powder under a 50nm electron microscope after plasma spheroidization of FIG. 5.
FIG. 8 is a high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB excellent in fluidity according to example 2 of the present application 2 And a topography of the micro-nano powder after gas atomization in the preparation method of the micro-nano powder.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made more apparent and fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the application are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the application.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment provides a high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity 2 Micro-nano powder comprising nano TiB 2 Powder and Cr-based alloy powder, the nano-scale TiB is prepared by the following steps of mass percent 2 The percentages of the powder and the Cr-based alloy powder in the total mass of the micro-nano powder are respectively as follows:
nanoscale TiB 2 45% of powder and 55% of Cr-based alloy powder;
the Cr-based alloy powder is CoCr alloy powder, and the percentage of each element in the CoCr alloy powder is as follows: co 53.2%, cr 46.8%.
The high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity according to the present application 2 The preparation method of the micro-nano powder is to make the Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity and high sphericity of the embodiment 2 The micro-nano powder is prepared into high sphericity Cr-base alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity 2 Micro-nano powder. The method comprises the following steps of:
1) The Cr-based alloy powder accounting for 55 percent of the total mass of the nano powder and the nano TiB accounting for 45 percent of the total mass of the nano powder are mixed 2 Adding the powder into a mixer for premixing for 4 hours, wherein the rotating speed of the mixer is 120r/min during uniform mixing to obtain uniformly mixed first composite powder;
2) Adding grinding balls made of the first composite powder and stainless steel into a ball milling tank body of a ball mill according to the mass ratio of the grinding balls to the first composite powder of 10:1 for wet milling, performing ball milling under the condition of taking high-purity nitrogen as a protective atmosphere and absolute ethyl alcohol as a wet milling medium, stopping the ball milling for 5 minutes every 15 minutes in the ball milling process, reversing the ball milling once, and performing the ball milling process sequentially, wherein the total ball milling time is 8 hours, so as to obtain second composite powder;
3) The second composite powder is selectively subjected to granulation and spheroidization or gas atomization according to the design requirements of different equipment on the sphericity and oxygen content of the micro-nano powder, so as to obtain the Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity and high sphericity 2 Micro-nano powder; in this example, a high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB excellent in fluidity was prepared by granulating and spheroidizing 2 Micro-nano powder. Specifically, the granulation treatment is to make the second composite powder into small particles through a granulation device, and the spheroidization treatment is to send the small particles of the second composite powder subjected to ball milling treatment into the spheroidization granulation device to make most of elliptic particles, and the small particles are in powder shape. Production conditions of the granulating equipment: the feeding speed is 50-60ml/min, the inlet temperature is 275-280 ℃, the outlet temperature is 105-110 ℃, the pressure in the cavity is 1.5Bar, and the atomization rate of the atomizer is 5m 3 /h。
The high-temperature plasma generated by the discharge of the spheroidizing granulating equipment melts the small particles and rapidly cools the small particles to obtain the Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity and high sphericity 2 Micro-nano powder; the production conditions of the spheroidizing and granulating equipment are as follows: the probe height is-10 mm, the powder feeder is intermittent for 3mm, the working power of the spheroidizing granulating equipment is 38-40 KW, the spheroidizing granulating equipment adopts high-purity Ar gas as carrier gas, the flow rate of the carrier gas is 4Psi, the spheroidizing granulating equipment adopts high-purity Ar gas as forming gas of plasma atmosphere, the flow rate of central gas flow of the plasma atmosphere is 16Psi, and the spheroidizing granulating equipment adopts Ar/H 2 The mixture was used as sheath gas, and the sheath gas flow was 70Psi.
As shown in FIG. 2, a high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB excellent in fluidity of this example was prepared 2 Micro-nano powder Cr-based alloy powder nano TiB 2 The powder is TiB with average particle diameter of about 6 μm 2 As shown in FIG. 3, the powder was used to prepare a high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB excellent in fluidity of this example 2 The micro-nano powder is spherical or ellipsoidal with a smooth surface of 38-48 mu m. As shown in figure 4, after ball millingThe two powders were uniformly mixed together and ball-milled into powder particles of about 1 μm. After granulation and plasma spheroidization, as shown in figure 5, spherical particles with the particle size distribution in a narrower range of about 30-50 μm are formed, the sphericity is extremely high, the surface is smooth and compact, the fluidity is excellent, and the superhard coating prepared by a laser remanufacturing technology and a supersonic flame spraying system has the advantages of high strength (mainly metallurgical bonding), good compactness, high powder utilization rate, relatively low cost and the like, solves the problems of large gap of particle size distribution, poor fluidity and poor bonding strength of the existing powder materials, and improves and enhances the high-temperature corrosion resistance and erosion resistance of the nano protective coating. As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, it can be seen from the electron micrographs of 200nm and 50nm that TiB 2 Evenly distributed in the CoCr alloy serving as a binding phase.
Example 2: this example provides a high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity 2 Micro-nano powder, high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB excellent in fluidity of this example and example 1 2 The components and proportions of the micro-nano powder are the same, so that fig. 2 to fig. 4 can also be used as the drawings of the embodiment, and the difference is that the step 3 of the embodiment adopts an air atomization treatment mode to prepare the micro-nano powder. The gas atomization treatment is to melt the second composite powder through electrode induction heating of a vacuum induction gas atomization device, then break liquid drops formed by the melted second composite powder into fine liquid drops through high-pressure inert gas impact, and make the small liquid drops fly and solidify in an atomization tower of the vacuum induction gas atomization device to obtain the Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity and high sphericity 2 Micro-nano powder. The aerosolization treatment device used in this example was a vacuum induction aerosolization powder process device of the medium avionics model VIGA-10. Production conditions of the vacuum induction gas atomization equipment are as follows: the smelting temperature is 1800-1900 ℃, high-purity Ar gas is used as high-pressure inert gas, and the pressure of the high-pressure inert gas is 1.5-2.5 MPa. As shown in figure 8, the surface of the second composite powder subjected to the gas atomization treatment is smooth and compact, and the particle size distribution is within a narrower range of about 30-50 mu m, so that the micro-nano powderThe particle size of the body is more uniform, so that the superhard coating with high strength (mainly metallurgical bonding), good compactness, good toughness and high powder utilization rate is prepared.
Example 3: this example provides a high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity 2 Micro-nano powder comprising nano TiB 2 Powder and Cr-based alloy powder, the nano-scale TiB is prepared by the following steps of mass percent 2 The percentages of the powder and the Cr-based alloy powder in the total mass of the micro-nano powder are respectively as follows:
nanoscale TiB 2 25% of powder and 75% of Cr-based alloy powder;
the Cr-based alloy powder is Ni-Cr-Mo alloy powder, and the percentage of each component element component in the Co-Ni-Cr-Mo alloy powder in the Cr-based alloy powder is as follows: 39% of Co, 14% of Ni, 20% of Cr, 8% of Mo, 1.5% of Mn and the balance of Fe;
example 4: this example provides a high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity 2 Micro-nano powder comprising nano TiB 2 Powder and Cr-based alloy powder, the nano-scale TiB is prepared by the following steps of mass percent 2 The percentages of the powder and the Cr-based alloy powder in the total mass of the micro-nano powder are respectively as follows:
nanoscale TiB 2 25% of powder and 75% of Cr-based alloy powder;
the Cr-based alloy powder is Ni-Cr-Fe alloy powder, and the percentage of each component element component in the Ni-Cr-Fe alloy powder in the Cr-based alloy powder is as follows: 52% of Ni, 18% of Cr and the balance of Fe;
example 5: this example provides a high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity 2 Micro-nano powder comprising nano TiB 2 Powder and Cr-based alloy powder, the nano-scale TiB is prepared by the following steps of mass percent 2 The percentages of the powder and the Cr-based alloy powder in the total mass of the micro-nano powder are respectively as follows:
nanoscale TiB 2 30% of powder and 70% of Cr-based alloy powder;
the Cr-based alloy powder is Ni-Cr-Al alloy powder, and the percentage of each component element component in the Ni-Cr-Al alloy powder in the Cr-based alloy powder is as follows: cr 20%, al 12%, ni balance;
example 6: this example provides a high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity 2 Micro-nano powder comprising nano TiB 2 Powder and Cr-based alloy powder, the nano-scale TiB is prepared by the following steps of mass percent 2 The percentages of the powder and the Cr-based alloy powder in the total mass of the micro-nano powder are respectively as follows:
nanoscale TiB 2 50% of powder and 50% of Cr-based alloy powder;
the Cr-based alloy powder is Ni-Cr-Co-Al-Y alloy powder, and the percentage of each component element component in the Ni-Cr-Co-Al-Y alloy powder in the Cr-based alloy powder is as follows: cr 19%, co 8%, al 3%, Y0.5%, fe 0.6%, ni balance;
example 7: this example provides a high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity 2 Micro-nano powder comprising nano TiB 2 Powder and Cr-based alloy powder, the nano-scale TiB is prepared by the following steps of mass percent 2 The percentages of the powder and the Cr-based alloy powder in the total mass of the micro-nano powder are respectively as follows:
nanoscale TiB 2 60% of powder and 40% of Cr-based alloy powder;
the Cr-based alloy powder is Ti-Cr alloy powder, and the percentage of each component element component in the Ti-Cr alloy powder in the Cr-based alloy powder is as follows: cr 36%, ti balance;
example 8: this example provides a high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity 2 Micro-nano powder comprising nano TiB 2 Powder and Cr-based alloy powder, the nano-scale TiB is prepared by the following steps of mass percent 2 The percentages of the powder and the Cr-based alloy powder in the total mass of the micro-nano powder are respectively as follows:
nanoscale TiB 2 65% of powder and 35% of Cr-based alloy powder;
the Cr-based alloy powder is Ni-Cr-B-Si-Mo alloy powder, and the percentage of each component element component in the Ni-Cr-B-Si-Mo alloy powder in the Cr-based alloy powder is as follows: cr 16%, B4%, si 5%, mo 8%, ni balance;
example 9: this example provides a high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity 2 Micro-nano powder comprising nano TiB 2 Powder and Cr-based alloy powder, the nano-scale TiB is prepared by the following steps of mass percent 2 The percentages of the powder and the Cr-based alloy powder in the total mass of the micro-nano powder are respectively as follows:
nanoscale TiB 2 72% of powder and 28% of Cr-based alloy powder;
the Cr-based alloy powder is high-chromium molybdenum Ni-based self-fluxing alloy powder, and the percentage of each component element component in the high-chromium molybdenum Ni-based self-fluxing alloy powder in the Cr-based alloy powder is as follows: cr 14%, mo 2.0%, ni balance;
example 10: this example provides a high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity 2 Micro-nano powder comprising nano TiB 2 Powder and Cr-based alloy powder, the nano-scale TiB is prepared by the following steps of mass percent 2 The percentages of the powder and the Cr-based alloy powder in the total mass of the micro-nano powder are respectively as follows:
nanoscale TiB 2 78% of powder and 22% of Cr-based alloy powder;
the Cr-based alloy powder is Ni-Cr-W-C-based self-fluxing alloy powder, and the percentage of each component element component in the Ni-Cr-W-C-based self-fluxing alloy powder in the Cr-based alloy powder is as follows: 30% of Cr, 25% of W, 3% of C and the balance of Ni.
High sphericity Cr-base alloy-TiB excellent in fluidity of examples 3-10 2 The micro-nano powder is prepared according to the proportion of the Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity and high sphericity 2 Preparation method of micro-nano powder for preparing high sphericity Cr-base alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity 2 And (3) micro-nano powder, wherein the characteristic features of the micro-nano powder in examples 1-10 are recorded in table 1, and the second powder is prepared into the micro-nano powder by adopting a granulating and spheroidizing mode in step 3. Trait characteristics include preparation of various examplesThe sphericity of the micro-nano powder particles, the surface appearance of the particles, and the particle size distribution of the particles. The sphericity is calculated according to a sphericity calculation formula, the average value of sphericity of particles observed in each example is taken as sphericity of the example, the nearly spherical particles observed under an electron microscope of the micro-nano powder prepared in each example are calculated to be the proportion of the total particles, the average value of the proportion is calculated by taking lenses at 10 different positions respectively, and the proportion of particles with high sphericity is taken as the value of the average value. The surface characteristics of the microparticles were observed by electron microscopy for roughness and densification of the microparticle surface. Particle diameter of the particles the diameter of the particles was marked by an electron microscope, and the minimum and maximum values of the particles observed in each example were regarded as the particle diameter distribution range of this example.
Table 1: examples 1 to 10 Property characterization Table of highly spherical Cr-based alloy-TiB 2 micro-nano powder with excellent flowability
As can be seen from Table 1, the high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB of examples 1 to 10 of the present application, which is excellent in fluidity 2 The micro-nano powder has high sphericity of particle shape, which is larger than 0.93, and the proportion of the particles with high sphericity to the total particle number is higher, which is larger than 97%, meaning that the sphericity of the micro-nano powder is good, and the micro-nano powder is convenient to flow. The particle surfaces of the particles in each embodiment are smooth and compact, the particle size distribution of the particles of the micro-nano powder is narrower and is basically about 30-50 mu m, which indicates that the particle sizes of the micro-nano powder are uniform and the difference is smaller, so that the nano protective coating with good performance can be manufactured.
The high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity of the application 2 The micro-nano powder is approximately spherical in shape, so that the fluidity is high, the particle size difference is small, the composite effect is good, and the micro-nano powder can be directly used for spraying/additive manufacturing after sieving; by TiB 2 The Ti-B bond of the micro-nano powder enhances the hardness of the nano coating after the micro-nano powder is combined, and the hardness is enhanced by Cr in Cr-based alloy powderThe wear resistance of the coating after powder combination is enhanced, the bonding strength and density among atoms in the coating are enhanced through other elements in Cr-based alloy powder, the high-temperature corrosion resistance and the erosion abrasion resistance of the nano protective coating are improved and enhanced, and the problems of large gap of particle size distribution, poor fluidity and poor bonding strength of the existing powder material are solved; the wear resistance of the coating formed by the powder material is enhanced by nickel, chromium and other metal elements in the chromium-based alloy, the corrosion resistance of the coating can also be enhanced by chromium, the bonding force among coating atoms in a high-temperature state is enhanced by adding molybdenum element, and the strength and wear resistance of the coating are improved; the high temperature and corrosion resistance of the coating is improved by adding yttrium element, the mechanical strength and corrosion resistance of the coating are improved by adding titanium element, the extensibility and compactness of the coating are improved by adding aluminum element, the hardness of the coating is improved by adding tungsten element, and the wear resistance of the coating is further improved.
The high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity of the application 2 The preparation method of the micro-nano powder comprises the steps of mixing nano TiB 2 Premixing the powder and Cr-based alloy powder to ensure that the two powders are mixed uniformly, then continuously ball milling to further refine and uniformly mix the two powders, and finally producing the Cr-based alloy-TiB with high sphericity by a granulating and spheroidizing method or an air atomizing method 2 The micro-nano powder has simple technical process and low production cost, is suitable for mass production, and the raw materials used in the application are all environment-friendly substances, are harmless to human bodies in the production process and have little influence on the environment.
Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. High sphericity Cr-base alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity 2 The preparation method of the micro-nano powder is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) The Cr-based alloy powder accounting for 55 percent of the total mass of the nano powder and the nano TiB accounting for 45 percent of the total mass of the nano powder are mixed 2 Adding the powder into a mixer according to a proportion, and mixing to obtain uniformly mixed first composite powder, wherein the Cr-based alloy powder is CoCr alloy powder, and the CoCr alloy powder comprises the following elements in percentage: co 53.2%, cr 46.8%;
2) Adding the first composite powder and grinding balls into a ball mill according to the proportion of 10:1, and performing ball milling under the action of protective atmosphere and absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain second composite powder;
3) According to design requirements, granulating and spheroidizing the second composite powder, wherein the granulating process is to make the second composite powder into small particles through granulating equipment, the spheroidizing process is to send the small particles of the second composite powder subjected to granulating process into spheroidizing granulating equipment, and the small particles are melted and rapidly cooled through high-temperature plasmas generated by discharge of the spheroidizing granulating equipment to obtain the Cr-based alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity and high sphericity 2 Micro-nano powder;
production conditions of the granulating equipment: the feeding speed is 50-60ml/min, the inlet temperature is 275-280 ℃, the outlet temperature is 105-110 ℃, the pressure in the cavity is 1.5Bar, and the atomization rate of the atomizer is 5m 3 /h；
The production conditions of the spheroidizing and granulating equipment are as follows: the probe height is-10 mm, the powder feeder is intermittent for 3mm, the working power of the spheroidizing granulating equipment is 38-40 KW, the spheroidizing granulating equipment adopts high-purity Ar gas as carrier gas, the flow rate of the carrier gas is 4Psi, the spheroidizing granulating equipment adopts high-purity Ar gas as forming gas of plasma atmosphere, the flow rate of central gas flow of the plasma atmosphere is 16Psi, and the spheroidizing granulating equipment adopts Ar/H 2 The mixture was used as sheath gas, and the sheath gas flow was 70Psi.
2. The excellent-fluidity high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB according to claim 1 2 The preparation method of the micro-nano powder is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step 1), a mixer is adopted to mix the Cr-based alloy powder and the nano-scale TiB 2 Premixing the powder for 2-5 hours at a speed of 100-150 r/min.
3. The excellent-fluidity high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB according to claim 1 2 The preparation method of the micro-nano powder is characterized by comprising the following steps: and 2) ball milling is carried out on the first composite powder by adopting a planetary ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio during ball milling is 5-15:1, the ball milling rotating speed is 100-300 r/min, and the total ball milling time is 5-10 h.
4. High sphericity Cr-base alloy-TiB with excellent fluidity 2 The micro-nano powder is characterized in that: a high sphericity Cr-based alloy-TiB excellent in fluidity as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3 2 The preparation method of the micro-nano powder.
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