CN114891333A - PC/ABS composite material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

PC/ABS composite material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114891333A
CN114891333A CN202210316918.1A CN202210316918A CN114891333A CN 114891333 A CN114891333 A CN 114891333A CN 202210316918 A CN202210316918 A CN 202210316918A CN 114891333 A CN114891333 A CN 114891333A
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composite material
abs composite
abs
titanium dioxide
material according
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CN114891333B (en
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孙付宇
陈平绪
叶南飚
王中林
张永
李明昆
王燕
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Kingfa Science and Technology Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L69/00Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2237Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of titanium
    • C08K2003/2241Titanium dioxide

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a PC/ABS composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the PC/ABS composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of PC resin; 13.5-37 parts of ABS resin; 3-6 parts of a compatilizer; 3-10 parts of PCTG resin; 3-15 parts of titanium dioxide; 0.5-1 part of light stabilizer; the titanium dioxide is rutile type titanium dioxide. The PC/ABS composite material provided by the invention has the characteristics of high light reflection, low diffusion and the like.

Description

PC/ABS composite material and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering plastics, in particular to the field of polycarbonate composite materials, and specifically relates to a PC/ABS composite material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Since the light of a light source is reflected by the light-reflecting members of a precision instrument, such as a reflector of an automobile lamp, the optical function of the raw material for preparing the light-reflecting members is required to be high, and a sufficiently high light-reflecting rate characteristic, i.e., a high light-reflecting function is required.
In addition, with the increase of importance on air quality, higher emission requirements are put forward on materials, the reflection ring of the car lamp works in a closed environment in most cases, and if the emission is poor, small molecular substances are volatilized under the influence of factors such as light source heating, so that the haze is increased, the reflectivity is reduced, and the reflection effect is influenced. Therefore, there is a need for a material having both high light reflection and low emission.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a PC/ABS composite material and a preparation method thereof. The PC/ABS composite material provided by the invention has the innovation point of high light reflection and low emission performance.
The method is realized by the following technical scheme:
a PC/ABS composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0003570081330000011
Figure BDA0003570081330000021
the PCTG material is a product obtained by ester exchange polycondensation of three monomers, namely terephthalic acid (PTA), Ethylene Glycol (EG) and 1, 4-Cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM). The PCTG material can achieve the light transmittance of more than 90 percent and the haze of less than 1 percent and has crystal-like luster. The PCTG has high light transmittance and high glossiness, so that in a system of filling PC/ABS/PCTG with titanium dioxide, the glossiness is higher, and further the reflection rate is high.
The titanium dioxide is rutile type titanium dioxide. On one hand, the rutile type titanium dioxide can play a role in shading light, and in addition, the rutile type titanium dioxide has relatively stable crystal lattice, lower negative influence on PC and lower degradation degree on PC, so that the content of VOC is controlled, and the emission of the material is inhibited. The particle size of the rutile type titanium dioxide is 0.2-0.5 mu m, the particle size of the rutile type titanium dioxide can influence the light reflection effect of the material, and the particle size is larger than 0.5 mu m, so that the light reflection effect is poor. The anatase titanium dioxide has large lattice space, is relatively unstable, has poor weather resistance, is easy to yellow and is easy to pulverize.
Further, the residual monomer content of the ABS resin is less than or equal to 400ppm, the test method refers to GB/T16867 and GB/T8861 standards, the gas chromatography adopts N, N-dimethylformamide as a solvent to dissolve the ABS resin, and the content of residual monomers in the ABS plastic is quantitatively determined by an internal standard method. The residual amount of the ABS resin has influence on VOC, the control of the residual amount is beneficial to reducing VOC, the low emission effect is achieved, in addition, the residual amount is less, the odor is low, meanwhile, small molecules are less, the surface appearance of the product is good, no pockmark exists, and the high light reflection is further contributed.
Further, the compatilizer is one or more of styrene, nitrile rubber and maleic anhydride multipolymer.
Further, the melt index of the PC resin is 9-11g/10min, and the melt index is determined according to GB/T3682-2018 standard at the temperature of 300 ℃ and under the condition of 1.2 kg.
Further, the ABS resin is high-flow ABS resin, the melt index of the ABS resin is 20-30g/10min, and the melt index is measured at the temperature of 220 ℃ and under the condition of 10kg according to GB/T3682-2018 standard.
Further, the light stabilizer may be a benzotriazole-based light stabilizer and/or a hindered amine-based ultraviolet absorber.
Further, the lubricant also comprises 0.1-1 part of auxiliary agents, and the auxiliary agents include but are not limited to antioxidants or lubricants.
The antioxidant includes, but is not limited to, one or more of hindered phenol antioxidants or phosphite antioxidants.
The lubricant may be a pentaerythritol stearate lubricant.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the PC/ABS composite material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing the components according to the proportion, and premixing to obtain a premix;
s2: and (4) putting the premix obtained in the step S1 into an extruder, carrying out melt blending, extruding and granulating to obtain the PC/ABS composite material.
Further, the extruder is a twin-screw extruder, and the length-diameter ratio of screws of the twin-screw extruder is (40-48): 1, the process conditions of the double-screw extruder are as follows: the temperature of the first zone is 140-.
The invention also provides the application of the PC/ABS composite material in preparing a reflective part, such as a car lamp reflector and other parts.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the proportion of the rutile type titanium dioxide is increased, so that the light transmittance of a system can be reduced, and the light shielding performance can be improved, but the impact resistance of the material is obviously reduced due to the excessive addition amount of the rutile type titanium dioxide. The addition of PCTG can effectively reduce the melt pressure, so that the rutile titanium dioxide is more uniformly distributed in the polymer, in addition, the glossiness of PCTG is very high, and the reflective effect can be improved after the PCTG is added, so that the addition amount of the rutile titanium dioxide can be reduced, and the appearance, strength, optics and other properties of the product can meet the requirements.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
< production of examples and comparative examples >
The raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention are commercially available, but are not limited to these materials:
PC resin: melt index of 10g/10min, brand PC A2200, available from Taiwan;
ABS resin A: the melt index is 28g/10min, the sum of the residual monomers is 200ppm, and the product is the brand ABS 8364 and is purchased from Shanghai Gaoqiao;
ABS resin B: the melt index is 20g/10min, the sum of the residual monomers is 600ppm, and the product is a brand ABS PA-757K which is purchased from Zhenjianqimei;
ABS resin C: the melt index is 26g/10min, the sum of the residual monomers is 180ppm, and the product is the brand ABS 8391 which is purchased from Shanghai Gaoqiao;
a compatilizer: maleic anhydride grafted ABS, designation HW-102M, available from Jiaxing Wen;
PCTG resin: polyethylene terephthalate-1, 4-cyclohexanedimethanol ester, sold under the trademark PCTG MX711, available from Istman;
rutile type titanium dioxide A: average particle size of 0.2-0.3 μm, brand titanium dioxide 2233, available from cornus;
rutile type titanium dioxide B: average particle diameter of 0.4-0.5 μm, and designation TR-33, purchased from Jiangxi Gaizhi;
rutile type titanium dioxide C: average particle size 0.55 μm, brand R-915, available from titanium industries;
anatase type titanium dioxide: average particle size of 0.2-0.4 μm, and brand A-100, available from Hebei Maisen titanium dioxide Co., Ltd;
light stabilizer a: benzotriazole light stabilizers, available under the designation TINUVIN 234 from basf;
light stabilizer B: hindered amine light stabilizers, under the designation Uvinul 5050H, available from basf.
Antioxidant: a mixture of hindered phenol antioxidant and phosphite antioxidant, commercially available, and the same commercial product was used in parallel experiments;
lubricant: pentaerythritol stearate, commercially available, and the same commercial product was used in parallel experiments.
The preparation methods of the examples and comparative examples of the present invention are as follows:
s1, weighing the components according to the mixture ratio in the table, and premixing to obtain a premix;
s2: and (4) putting the premix obtained in the step S1 into a double-screw extruder, carrying out melt blending, extruding and granulating to obtain the PC/ABS composite material.
The length-diameter ratio of the screws of the double-screw extruder is 48: 1, the process conditions of the double-screw extruder are as follows: the temperature of the first zone is 130 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 150 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 210 ℃, the temperature of the fourth zone is 250 ℃, the temperature of the fifth zone is 250 ℃, the temperature of the sixth zone is 250 ℃, the temperature of the seventh zone is 250 ℃, the temperature of the eighth zone is 250 ℃, the temperature of the ninth zone is 250 ℃, the temperature of a machine head is 250 ℃, the rotating speed of a main machine is 450 rpm, the vacuum negative pressure is-0.075 to-0.08 MPa, the melt pressure is 8 to 10MPa, and the melt pressure of the machine head is tested by a sensor in the extrusion process.
In the present specification, the term "part(s)" means "part(s) by weight" unless otherwise specified.
< test standards >
The performance test standards of the examples of the present invention and the comparative examples are as follows:
charpy impact strength: according to the test of GB/T1043.2-2008, the length of the sample bar is 80mm, the width is 10mm, the thickness is 4mm, and the notch is of type A;
gloss: the test standards are in accordance with GB/T8807-1988, 60 ℃ angle;
light transmittance test standard: testing according to GB/T2410-2008 and ISO 13468-1-2019;
emission property: the odor was tested using the method VDA270-1992, the atomization was according to DIN 75201-.
Appearance: the material is injected into a sample plate, the appearance of the sample plate is observed, whether the sample plate has defects such as material flowers and pockmarks is judged, the sample plate is divided into 1-5 grades, the grade 1 is the worst, the surface has more uneven pockmarks or the material flowers are serious; and the grade 5 is best, and the surface is smooth.
Aging a xenon lamp: and testing 5 periods (each period is 280 KJ/square meter) by adopting a PV1303 method, and testing color difference data by utilizing a color difference meter.
Aging gray scale of xenon lamp: the higher the rating value according to DIN EN 20105-A2 standard test, the better the test result is representing the xenon lamp aging gray scale.
The xenon lamp aging test shows long-term weather resistance, and if the xenon lamp aging performance is not satisfied, the material is easy to discolor after a long time, and then the reflection performance of the material is influenced.
TABLE 1 example formulation (parts by weight)
Figure BDA0003570081330000061
Figure BDA0003570081330000071
TABLE 2 results of the Performance test of examples
Figure BDA0003570081330000072
Figure BDA0003570081330000081
TABLE 3 comparative example formulation (parts by weight)
Figure BDA0003570081330000082
TABLE 4 Performance test results for comparative examples
Figure BDA0003570081330000083
Figure BDA0003570081330000091
From the thermodynamic perspective, rutile is the relatively most stable crystal form, and the melting point is 1870 ℃; anatase is a low-temperature phase of titanium dioxide, has relatively poor purity and VOC (volatile organic compounds) compared with rutile, and is generally converted into rutile at 500-600 ℃. The essence of the crystal transformation of the titanium dioxide is structural rearrangement of octahedron of unit cell structural units. The rutile crystal structure has more compact atom arrangement, higher density, hardness and dielectric constant and larger light scattering.
By combining the data, the embodiment 1-4 shows that the proportion of the rutile titanium dioxide is increased, the light transmittance of the system can be reduced, and the light reflecting performance can be improved; compared with the comparative example 2, the addition of PCTG can ensure that the appearance and the performance of the product meet the requirements. Compared with the embodiment 2, the comparative example 1 has the advantages that the PCTG and the titanium dioxide are not added, so that the material has high light transmittance and xenon lamp aging grade difference; comparative example 2 compared to examples 1-4, no PCTG added resulted in a noticeable mottling, pocking and high degree of fogging in appearance. Compared with the embodiment 1, the comparative example 3 has poor impact property and appearance due to large particle size of the titanium dioxide in the comparative example 3; in comparative example 4, the ABS residues are more than in example 1, which results in deterioration of material odor, fogging, and VOC. Examples 2 and 5 of the present invention are excellent data and are core data of the present invention. Compared with the example 1, the excessive consumption of PCTG in the comparative example 5 causes the poor light-shading property of the comparative example 5 and the substandard reflection performance of the xenon lamp after aging; comparative example 6 the use of PCTG was too small compared to example 1, resulting in poor appearance and poor emission of comparative example 6. Comparative example 7 compared with example 1, non-rutile type titanium dioxide was used, resulting in deterioration of light-shielding property, appearance and emission property of comparative example 7.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (10)

1. The PC/ABS composite material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
Figure FDA0003570081320000011
the titanium dioxide is rutile type titanium dioxide, and the average grain diameter of the rutile type titanium dioxide is 0.2-0.5 mu m.
2. The PC/ABS composite material according to claim 1, wherein the sum of the amounts of the monomers remaining in the ABS resin is 400ppm or less.
3. The PC/ABS composite of claim 1 wherein the compatibilizer is one or more of styrene, nitrile rubber, and maleic anhydride multipolymer.
4. The PC/ABS composite material according to claim 1, wherein the PC resin has a melt index of 9-11g/10 min.
5. The PC/ABS composite material according to claim 1, wherein the ABS resin has a melt index of 20-30g/10 min.
6. The PC/ABS composite material according to claim 1, wherein the light stabilizer is a benzotriazole light stabilizer and/or a hindered amine-type ultraviolet absorber.
7. The PC/ABS composite material according to claim 1, further comprising 0.1 to 1 part of an auxiliary.
8. The PC/ABS composite material according to claim 7, wherein the auxiliary agent includes, but is not limited to, an antioxidant or a lubricant.
9. A method for preparing a PC/ABS composite according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing the components according to the proportion, and premixing to obtain a premix;
s2: and (4) putting the premix obtained in the step S1 into an extruder, carrying out melt blending, extruding and granulating to obtain the PC/ABS composite material.
10. Use of a PC/ABS composite according to any one of claims 1-8 for the preparation of retroreflective elements.
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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5082897A (en) * 1989-12-15 1992-01-21 Monsanto Company Polymer blends of polycarbonate, pctg and abs
CN106751686A (en) * 2016-12-29 2017-05-31 重庆普利特新材料有限公司 A kind of light color system, low gloss exempt from spraying, it is low distribute, ageing-resistant PC ABS alloy materials
CN108912640A (en) * 2018-05-29 2018-11-30 芜湖创科新材料科技有限公司 A kind of high temperature chemicals-resistant PC/ABS composite material and preparation method
CN109265953A (en) * 2018-08-24 2019-01-25 佛山市顺德区信隆工程塑料有限公司 A kind of light diffusion PC/PCTG composite material and preparation method
CN112679931A (en) * 2020-11-27 2021-04-20 广东金发科技有限公司 PC/ABS and regenerated PCTG composite material for electric meter box and preparation method thereof
CN112778740A (en) * 2021-01-10 2021-05-11 深圳市富恒新材料股份有限公司 Chemical-resistant transparent polycarbonate composite material with high glowing filament ignition temperature and preparation method thereof
CN113736241A (en) * 2021-08-24 2021-12-03 金发科技股份有限公司 Polycarbonate composite material and preparation method and application thereof

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5082897A (en) * 1989-12-15 1992-01-21 Monsanto Company Polymer blends of polycarbonate, pctg and abs
CN106751686A (en) * 2016-12-29 2017-05-31 重庆普利特新材料有限公司 A kind of light color system, low gloss exempt from spraying, it is low distribute, ageing-resistant PC ABS alloy materials
CN108912640A (en) * 2018-05-29 2018-11-30 芜湖创科新材料科技有限公司 A kind of high temperature chemicals-resistant PC/ABS composite material and preparation method
CN109265953A (en) * 2018-08-24 2019-01-25 佛山市顺德区信隆工程塑料有限公司 A kind of light diffusion PC/PCTG composite material and preparation method
CN112679931A (en) * 2020-11-27 2021-04-20 广东金发科技有限公司 PC/ABS and regenerated PCTG composite material for electric meter box and preparation method thereof
CN112778740A (en) * 2021-01-10 2021-05-11 深圳市富恒新材料股份有限公司 Chemical-resistant transparent polycarbonate composite material with high glowing filament ignition temperature and preparation method thereof
CN113736241A (en) * 2021-08-24 2021-12-03 金发科技股份有限公司 Polycarbonate composite material and preparation method and application thereof

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