CN114890702A - Method for preparing high-strength ceramsite by self-sintering coal gasification fine slag - Google Patents

Method for preparing high-strength ceramsite by self-sintering coal gasification fine slag Download PDF

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CN114890702A
CN114890702A CN202210548679.2A CN202210548679A CN114890702A CN 114890702 A CN114890702 A CN 114890702A CN 202210548679 A CN202210548679 A CN 202210548679A CN 114890702 A CN114890702 A CN 114890702A
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ceramsite
coal gasification
fine slag
gasification fine
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吉文欣
高雄
马玉龙
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Ningxia University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/02Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
    • C04B18/027Lightweight materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/02Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
    • C04B18/023Fired or melted materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/06Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
    • C04B18/065Residues from coal gasification
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

A method for preparing high-strength ceramsite by self-sintering coal gasification fine slag comprises the following steps: pretreatment of raw materials: taking coal gasification fine slag as a raw material, drying the coal gasification fine slag, and then grinding the coal gasification fine slag by a ball mill in a dry method; manufacturing ceramsite raw material balls: uniformly mixing the coal gasification fine slag subjected to ball milling and water according to the mass ratio of (0.9-1.3) of 2, then placing the mixture in a granulator, and manufacturing ceramsite raw material balls at the disc rotating speed of 45-90 r/min and the inclination angle of 40-50 ℃; firing ceramsite: and (3) transferring the ceramsite raw material balls into an oven with the temperature of 90-125 ℃ for drying for 4-8 h, preheating the ceramsite raw material balls in a muffle furnace at the temperature of 500-650 ℃ for 5-20 min after drying, finally firing the ceramsite raw material balls at the temperature of 900-1050 ℃ for 30-60 min, and cooling the ceramsite raw material balls to room temperature after firing to obtain the high-strength ceramsite. According to the method, the high-strength ceramsite is prepared without adding any auxiliary agent, so that the treatment cost of the coal gasification fine slag is reduced, and a new idea is provided for resource utilization of the coal gasification fine slag; during production, the self-sintering is realized by utilizing the heat provided by the carbon residue in the coal gasification fine slag when meeting high temperature to prepare the ceramsite, thereby solving the problem of high energy consumption for preparing the ceramsite.

Description

Method for preparing high-strength ceramsite by self-sintering coal gasification fine slag
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the field of ceramsite manufacturing, in particular to a method for preparing high-strength ceramsite by coal gasification fine slag self-sintering.
Background art:
the main industrial solid wastes in the field of coal chemical industry refer to coal gasifier slag, fly ash, boiler slag, desulfurized gypsum, sludge and the like, and are characterized by large production amount, fast speed increase and high homogenization degree. As for coal gasifier slag, because the carbon content is high, the coal gasifier slag can not be used as a building material, a good treatment method is not available at present, the coal gasifier slag is mainly treated by landfill, not only occupies precious land resources, but also brings high transportation and treatment cost for enterprises, and meanwhile, the coal gasifier slag residual heavy metal pollution can generate pollution which is difficult to reverse on the environment, particularly underground water and soil.
At present, ceramsite is mainly synthesized from non-renewable raw materials such as shale, clay and the like and solid wastes such as fly ash, coal gangue and the like, and not only has large energy consumption and low strength, but also has large soil consumption. Therefore, how to treat the coal gasification fine slag for granulation into balls and utilize the carbon residue in the coal gasification fine slag to overcome the problems of high firing temperature, large energy consumption, low strength of fired ceramic particles and the like of the ceramic particles is an urgent need to solve the problem of producing high-strength ceramic particles by using the coal gasification fine slag as a raw material.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to design a method for preparing high-strength ceramsite by self-sintering coal gasification fine slag, which is characterized in that no auxiliary agent is added, only coal gasification fine slag is used as a raw material, so that the high-strength ceramsite which is higher than the national requirement is prepared, technical support is provided for the conversion of the treatment mode of the coal gasification fine slag from stacking and landfill into resource utilization, and the treatment pressure and cost of the coal gasification fine slag are reduced; in addition, in the process of producing the high-strength ceramsite, the self-sintering is realized by utilizing the heat provided by the carbon residue in the coal gasification fine slag when the carbon residue is subjected to high temperature, so that the problem of high energy consumption of sintered ceramsite is solved.
A method for preparing high-strength ceramsite by self-sintering coal gasification fine slag comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: the coal gasification fine slag is taken as a raw material, dried and ground by a ball mill in a dry method, the volcanic activity of the coal gasification fine slag is excited by ball milling to achieve the purpose of activation, and the coal gasification fine slag after ball milling is directly stored for use without being screened;
(2) manufacturing ceramsite raw material balls: selecting the coal gasification fine slag subjected to ball milling in the step (1) and water, uniformly mixing the coal gasification fine slag and the water according to the mass ratio of 2 (0.9-1.3), then placing the mixture in a granulator, and manufacturing ceramsite raw material balls at the disc rotating speed of 45-90 r/min and the inclination angle of 40-50 ℃;
(3) firing ceramsite: and (3) transferring the ceramsite raw material balls prepared in the step (2) into a drying oven with the temperature of 90-125 ℃ for drying for 4-8 h, preheating the ceramsite raw material balls in a muffle furnace at the temperature of 500-650 ℃ for 5-20 min after drying is finished, firing the ceramsite raw material balls at the temperature of 900-1050 ℃ for 30-60 min, and cooling the ceramsite raw material balls to room temperature after firing is finished to obtain the high-strength ceramsite.
Preferably, in the step (1), the raw coal gasification fine slag mainly comprises the following components: 56.44 wt% of silicon dioxide, 17.47 wt% of alumina and 14-26 wt% of carbon; performing component analysis on the coal gasification fine slag, and determining that the chemical components of the coal gasification fine slag meet the requirements of high-strength ceramsite preparation raw materials specified by Riley triangle, wherein SiO in the coal gasification fine slag 2 With Al 2 O 3 The silicate skeleton is formed by combining the raw materials under the high-temperature melting condition, so that the cylinder pressure strength of the ceramsite is greatly improved, a large amount of carbon residues not only play the role of a foaming agent, but also can release a large amount of heat at high temperature, the heat of the part can sinter the ceramsite, so that the external temperature is not allowed to be too high, the energy consumption in the process of sintering the ceramsite is reduced, and the main component SiO in the gasified fine slag is removed 2 、Al 2 O 3 A large amount of residual carbon, and small amounts of CaO, MgO and Fe 2 O 3 And proper amount of cosolvent such as CaO can reduce the melting temperature of the ceramsite.
Preferably, the raw material coal gasification fine slag in the step (1) is dried in an oven at 90-125 ℃ for 4-8 hours, and then ball-milled for 6-9 hours, wherein the rotation speed of the ball mill is 400 r/min.
Preferably, in the step (2), the mass ratio of the coal gasification fine slag to the water is 2:1.1, the disc rotating speed is 80r/min, and the inclination angle is 45 degrees.
Preferably, in the step (3), the oven temperature is 105 ℃, the drying time is 6 hours, the preheating temperature is 600 ℃, the preheating time is 10min, the firing time is 1000 ℃, and the firing time is 50 min.
Preferably, the temperature rise rate of the muffle furnace in the step (3) is 10 ℃/min.
Preferably, the raw material coal gasification fine slag in the step (1) is dried in an oven at 105 ℃ for 6 hours and then ball-milled for 8 hours.
The method for preparing the high-strength ceramsite by self-sintering the coal gasification fine slag provided by the invention realizes self-sintering to prepare the ceramsite by utilizing the heat provided by high temperature of the carbon residue in the coal gasification fine slag in the production process of the high-strength ceramsite, avoids the problem of energy consumption, is simple to operate, reduces the cost, strengthens the activity of the coal gasification fine slag by ball milling the coal gasification fine slag, and overcomes the defects of less sintering liquid phase, high temperature, low strength and the like in the preparation process of the ceramsite on the market.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an XRD pattern of the ceramsite prepared by the method.
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of the ceramsite prepared by the method.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to make the technical solution of the present invention easier to understand, the technical solution of the present invention is now clearly and completely described by using the specific embodiments.
Example 1:
in this embodiment, the method for preparing high-strength ceramsite by self-sintering coal gasification fine slag includes the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: drying the raw material coal gasification fine slag in an oven at 90 ℃ for 4h, and then carrying out ball milling for 6h, wherein the rotating speed of a ball mill is 400 r/min;
(2) manufacturing ceramsite raw material balls: selecting the coal gasification fine slag subjected to ball milling in the step (1) and water, uniformly mixing the coal gasification fine slag and the water according to the mass ratio of 2:0.9, then placing the mixture in a granulator, and manufacturing ceramsite raw material balls at the disc rotating speed of 45r/min and the inclination angle of 40 degrees;
(3) firing ceramsite: and (3) transferring the ceramsite raw material balls prepared in the step (2) into a drying oven at 90 ℃ for drying for 4h, preheating the ceramsite raw material balls in a muffle furnace at 500 ℃ for 5min after drying, finally firing the ceramsite raw material balls at 900 ℃ for 30min, and cooling the ceramsite raw material balls to room temperature after firing to obtain the high-strength ceramsite.
Example 2:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: drying the raw material coal gasification fine slag in an oven at 125 ℃ for 8h, and then carrying out ball milling for 9h, wherein the rotating speed of a ball mill is 400 r/min;
(2) manufacturing ceramsite raw material balls: selecting the coal gasification fine slag subjected to ball milling in the step (1) and water, uniformly mixing the coal gasification fine slag and the water according to the mass ratio of 2:1.3, then placing the mixture in a granulator, and manufacturing ceramsite raw material balls at the disc rotating speed of 90r/min and the inclination angle of 50 ℃;
(3) firing ceramsite: and (3) transferring the ceramsite raw material balls prepared in the step (2) into a drying oven at 125 ℃ for drying for 8h, preheating the ceramsite raw material balls in a muffle furnace at 650 ℃ for 20min after drying, finally firing the ceramsite raw material balls at 1050 ℃ for 60min, and cooling the ceramsite raw material balls to room temperature after firing to obtain the high-strength ceramsite.
Example 3:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: drying the raw material coal gasification fine slag in an oven at 105 ℃ for 6h, and then carrying out ball milling for 8h, wherein the rotating speed of a ball mill is 400 r/min;
(2) manufacturing ceramsite raw material balls: selecting the coal gasification fine slag subjected to ball milling in the step (1) and water, uniformly mixing the coal gasification fine slag and the water according to the mass ratio of 2:1.1, then placing the mixture in a granulator, and manufacturing ceramsite raw material balls at the disc rotating speed of 80r/min and the inclination angle of 45 degrees;
(3) firing ceramsite: and (3) transferring the ceramsite raw material balls prepared in the step (2) into a drying oven at 105 ℃ for drying for 6h, preheating the ceramsite raw material balls in a muffle furnace at 600 ℃ for 10min after drying, finally firing the ceramsite raw material balls at 1000 ℃ for 50min, and cooling the ceramsite raw material balls to room temperature after firing to obtain the high-strength ceramsite.
Fig. 1 is an XRD pattern of the ceramsite prepared by the method, and the phase analysis result of the high-strength ceramsite prepared in example 3 and the coal gasification fine slag by an X-ray diffractometer is shown in fig. 1, which shows that the ceramsite prepared by the method mainly comprises three phases of aluminosilicate crystal, hematite and quartz, while the raw material fine slag only comprises one phase of quartz, and other components exist in an amorphous form. The XRD contrastive analysis of the raw material fine slag and the high-strength ceramsite shows that the silicate crystal in the ceramsite is SiO in the fine slag 2 With Al 2 O 3 The combination of the two components under the high-temperature melting condition forms a silicate framework, which greatly improves the cylinder pressure strength of the ceramsite and simultaneously ensures that the ceramsite in the method has good performance and advantages in the aspect of heavy metal fixation.
Fig. 2 is an SEM image of the ceramsite prepared by the method, and the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) is used to analyze the micro-morphology of the surface and cross-section of the ceramsite prepared in example 3. As shown in fig. 3(a), there are a large number of visible micropores and a small number of mesopores inside the ceramsite, and a small number of smooth spheres due to the decomposition of the residual carbon and organic matter of calcite, and it can be seen that there are many pores occupied by the liquid phase generated at high temperature. Thus, the ceramsite not only has high strength but also has light weight. As can be seen from FIG. 3(b), the surface of the ceramsite contains pits and a small number of micropores distributed dispersedly, and is covered by a large amount of enamel, which not only reduces the water absorption of the ceramsite, but also promotes the solidification of the ceramsite prepared by the method to heavy metals and alkaline substances.
The performance of the ceramsite prepared by the above examples can be tested as follows:
table 1: ceramsite performance test meter
Figure BDA0003653483710000051
Wherein, the higher the cylinder pressure strength and the apparent density, the higher the ceramsite performance, the higher the bulk density and the water absorption, and the higher the ceramsite performance.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, substitutions, variations and enhancements can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which should be considered as within the scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. The method for preparing the high-strength ceramsite by self-sintering the coal gasification fine slag is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: taking coal gasification fine slag as a raw material, drying the coal gasification fine slag, and then grinding the coal gasification fine slag by a ball mill in a dry method;
(2) manufacturing ceramsite raw material balls: selecting the coal gasification fine slag subjected to ball milling in the step (1) and water, uniformly mixing the coal gasification fine slag and the water according to the mass ratio of 2 (0.9-1.3), then placing the mixture in a granulator, and manufacturing ceramsite raw material balls at the disc rotating speed of 45-90 r/min and the inclination angle of 40-50 ℃;
(3) firing ceramsite: and (3) transferring the ceramsite raw material balls prepared in the step (2) into a drying oven with the temperature of 90-125 ℃ for drying for 4-8 h, preheating the ceramsite raw material balls in a muffle furnace at the temperature of 500-650 ℃ for 5-20 min after drying is finished, firing the ceramsite raw material balls at the temperature of 900-1050 ℃ for 30-60 min, and cooling the ceramsite raw material balls to room temperature after firing is finished to obtain the high-strength ceramsite.
2. The method for preparing the high-strength ceramsite by self-sintering the coal gasification fine slag as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the raw material coal gasification fine slag in the step (1) mainly comprises the following components: 56.44 wt% of silicon dioxide, 17.47 wt% of aluminum oxide and 14-26 wt% of carbon.
3. The method for preparing the high-strength ceramsite by self-sintering the coal gasification fine slag as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: and (2) drying the raw material coal gasification fine slag in the step (1) in an oven at the temperature of 90-125 ℃ for 4-8 h, and then ball-milling for 6-9 h, wherein the rotating speed of the ball mill is 400 r/min.
4. The method for preparing the high-strength ceramsite by self-sintering the coal gasification fine slag as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step (2), the mass ratio of the coal gasification fine slag to the water is 2:1.1, the rotating speed of the disc is 80r/min, and the inclination angle is 45 degrees.
5. The method for preparing the high-strength ceramsite by self-sintering the coal gasification fine slag as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step (3), the temperature of the oven is 105 ℃, the drying is carried out for 6h, the preheating temperature is 600 ℃, the preheating time is 10min, the firing time is 1000 ℃, and the firing time is 50 min.
6. The method for preparing the high-strength ceramsite by self-sintering the coal gasification fine slag as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: and (4) the temperature rise rate of the muffle furnace in the step (3) is 10 ℃/min.
7. The method for preparing the high-strength ceramsite by self-sintering the coal gasification fine slag as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: and (2) drying the raw material coal gasification fine slag in the step (1) in an oven at 105 ℃ for 6h, and then carrying out ball milling for 8 h.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116023120A (en) * 2023-02-28 2023-04-28 西安工程大学 Coal gasification fine slag-based inorganic ceramic membrane and preparation method thereof

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CN112661488A (en) * 2020-12-24 2021-04-16 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 Method for preparing ceramsite by activating gasified slag ball mill and reducing activation energy of residual carbon combustion reaction

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