CN114888632A - Alignment method of large-scale sleeping car center frame - Google Patents
Alignment method of large-scale sleeping car center frame Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114888632A CN114888632A CN202210572339.3A CN202210572339A CN114888632A CN 114888632 A CN114888632 A CN 114888632A CN 202210572339 A CN202210572339 A CN 202210572339A CN 114888632 A CN114888632 A CN 114888632A
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- degrees
- center frame
- dial indicator
- center
- adjustment amount
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
- B23Q15/20—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work before or after the tool acts upon the workpiece
- B23Q15/22—Control or regulation of position of tool or workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/22—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring existing or desired position of tool or work
Abstract
An alignment method for a large horizontal lathe center frame relates to the field of machining. The novel method for installing the dial indicator is adopted when the center frame is aligned, the dial indicator is adsorbed on the surface of the outer circle of the part, the measuring head points to a chuck of a machine tool and presses the dial indicator, the adjusting amount and the adjusting number of circles of the ejector pins at two positions of the center frame can be calculated by using a special formula according to the rotating direction and the rotating numerical value of the indicator needle of the dial indicator, and the adjusting method is visual and convenient. In the alignment process, the dial indicator does not need to move for many times, the whole alignment work of the center frame can be completed through one-time installation, and the working efficiency is improved. The method can adjust the coaxiality and the verticality of the part and the rotation center of the machine tool to the highest precision of 0.01mm, has higher alignment precision than the traditional method, and can effectively ensure the form and position precision of the machined part and the safety in the machining process.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the field of machining, in particular to an alignment method of a large horizontal lathe center frame.
Background art:
when a large-scale horizontal lathe is used for processing the end face or the central hole of the shaft part, a clamping mode of clamping one frame is generally used, namely one end of the clamping mode is clamped by a four-jaw chuck of a machine tool, and the other end of the clamping mode is supported by a central frame. The centering precision and speed of the center frame directly influence the quality and the processing efficiency of processed parts, and the parts can be frequently twisted when rotating seriously, so that the parts are separated from the chuck jaws to cause safety accidents. In general, when the center frame is aligned, a dial indicator needle with a magnetic gauge seat is contacted with the outer circle of a part, a machine tool spindle is rotated at a low speed, the axis close to one side of the center frame is aligned, and then the dial indicator is moved to a plurality of positions to detect the axis. The alignment mode of the center frame is not accurate enough, particularly the perpendicularity between a part and the rotation center of the chuck is not accurate enough, the position of a chuck jaw is easy to be over-positioned, clamping external force exists, the accuracy of the part can be influenced by the conventional alignment mode for shaft parts with high machining accuracy requirements, and the alignment efficiency is low due to the complex steps.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention provides a novel centering method for a center frame of a large sleeping car, which can improve the centering precision and the centering efficiency of the center frame.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
when the part of axle type was loaded and clamped on the lathe, one end was pressed from both sides tightly with four-jaw chuck slightly, and the other end supports with the centre frame, and the mounting means of percentage table is: the magnetic gauge seat of the dial indicator is adsorbed on the excircle surface of the shaft part close to the four-jaw chuck, and the measuring head of the dial indicator points to and presses the front end surface of the chuck.
When the center frame is not aligned, namely the center of the center frame is not consistent with the rotation center of the part, after the spindle of the machine tool rotates at a low speed, the part clamped at one end of the four-jaw chuck can be displaced, the numerical values of the dial indicator, which are rotated to the upper position, the lower position, the left position and the right position of the center of the four-jaw chuck, namely the numerical values at the four positions of 90 degrees, 270 degrees, 180 degrees and 0 degrees are read, the numerical values of the dial indicator, which are relatively changed at the two positions of 0 degrees and 180 degrees, can display the displacement Ax of the part in the horizontal direction, the numerical values of the dial indicator, which are relatively changed at the two positions of 90 degrees and 270 degrees, can display the displacement Ay of the part in the vertical direction, and the displacement directions of the part in the 0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees can be displayed in the clockwise and anticlockwise swinging directions of the pointer of the dial indicator.
According to the swinging direction of the dial indicator "+" - ", the next adjustment direction of the central frame in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction can be correspondingly obtained.
According to the position relation of a three-point supporting center frame with an included angle of 120 degrees and the known vertical displacement Ay, the adjustment amount Ly of two top pin fulcrum single points below the center frame can be calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows: the adjustment amount Ly may be further converted into the number of revolutions Ny, and the adjustment amount Ly and the number of revolutions Ny may be halved if the two points are adjusted in the same direction at the same time. P in the formula is the thread pitch of the screw threads in the jacking pins at the two lower positions.
According to the position relation of a three-point supporting center frame with an included angle of 120 degrees and the known horizontal displacement Ax, the adjustment amount Lx of two top pin fulcrum single points below the center frame can be calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows: and Lx is Ax/2 cos30 degrees, the adjustment amount can be further converted into the rotation number Nx, Nx is Lx/P is Ax/1.73P, one supporting point is adjusted, the other supporting point is adjusted in the opposite direction, and the adjustment amount and the rotation number are Lx and Nx. P in the formula is the thread pitch of the screw threads in the jacking pins at the two lower positions.
The invention achieves the technical progress and the advantages that:
the novel method for installing the dial indicator is adopted when the center frame is aligned, the dial indicator is adsorbed on the surface of the outer circle of the part, the indicator needle points to a chuck of a machine tool and presses the indicator, and the adjustment amount and the adjustment number of turns of the ejector pins at two positions of the center frame can be directly calculated through the change direction and the numerical value of the indicator needle.
The dial indicator does not need to move again, the whole centering process of the center frame can be completed through one-time installation, and the centering efficiency is improved.
The method can adjust the coaxiality and the verticality of the part and the rotation center of the machine tool to the highest precision of 0.01mm, and the alignment precision is higher than that of the traditional method. The shape and position precision of the machined part and the safety in the machining process can be effectively guaranteed.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of the alignment of the center frame of the large sleeper in the alignment method of the center frame of the large sleeper.
In the figure: 1. machine tool chuck 2, chuck jaw 3, magnetic base dial indicator 4, shaft part 5 and center frame
Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the front end a of the sleeper chuck of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the position B of the center frame support of fig. 1.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the practice of the invention is further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
1. before the shaft-type parts (4) are hoisted, the position of the central frame (5) is roughly adjusted, so that the length direction and the height direction of the central frame basically meet the supporting requirements of the parts. When a shaft part is clamped, one end of the shaft part facing the head of a machine tool is slightly clamped by a chuck jaw (2), the force is not too large, the positioning is avoided, the tail end is mainly supported by two ejector pins below a center frame, and a flat belt is padded on the ejector pins of the center frame.
2. A dial indicator (3) with a magnetic indicator seat is adsorbed on the surface of an excircle of a shaft part close to a four-jaw chuck through the magnetic indicator seat, a measuring rod of the dial indicator is perpendicular to the surface of the front end of the four-jaw chuck, and a measuring head at the front end of the measuring rod points to and presses the surface of the front end of the chuck.
3. The machine tool rotates at a low speed, the rotating direction and the numerical value of the pointer of the dial indicator are observed, the pointer is clockwise used as a plus table, and the pointer is anticlockwise used as a minus table, so that the offset direction of the part can be known, and the condition that the top pin below the center frame is required to extend or retract is determined. And simultaneously recording the values of the dial indicator rotating to the upper, lower, left and right (90 degrees, 270 degrees, 180 degrees and 0 degrees) positions of the central line of the rotating shaft of the four-jaw chuck, wherein the left and right difference values are expressed by Ax, and the up and down difference values are expressed by Ay.
4. The adjustment amount Lx of the knock pin under the center frame can be calculated according to the formula Lx ═ Ax/2 ═ cos30 °, and the adjustment amount can be further converted into the number Nx of rotations according to the formula Nx ═ Lx/P ═ Ax/1.73P (P is the pitch of the screw rod inside the knock pin of the center frame), so that it can be calculated that the knock pin under the center frame should be adjusted several rotations.
5. The adjustment amount Ly of the knock pin below the center frame can be calculated from the formula Ly/Ay/2 sin30 °, and the adjustment amount can be further converted into the number of revolutions Ny by the formula Ny/P (P is the pitch of the screw rod inside the center frame knock pin), and similarly, the knock pin below the center frame can be adjusted several revolutions.
6. Watch, reading, calculation and adjustment are continuously seen until the pointer of the watch does not swing any more, the centering of the central frame is finished, parts meet the requirements of the machining process, the chuck jaws are locked, the ejector pin above the central frame is screwed down, the central frame is closed, and the attention force is moderate.
Claims (1)
1. A centering method of a large-scale sleeping car center frame is characterized in that:
a. when the part of axle type was pressed from both sides on the lathe, one end was pressed from both sides tightly with four-jaw chuck slightly, and the other end supports with the centre frame, and the mounting means of percentage table is: a magnetic gauge seat of the dial indicator is adsorbed on the outer circle surface of the shaft part close to the four-jaw chuck, and a measuring head of the dial indicator points to and is pressed on the front end surface of the chuck;
b. when the center frame is not aligned, namely the center of the center frame is not consistent with the rotation center of a part, after the spindle of the machine tool rotates at a low speed, the part is clamped at one end of the four-jaw chuck to be displaced, values of the dial indicator, which are rotated to the upper position, the lower position, the left position and the right position of the center of the four-jaw chuck, namely values at the four positions of 90 degrees, 270 degrees, 180 degrees and 0 degrees are read, the values of the dial indicator, which are relatively changed at the two positions of 0 degrees and 180 degrees, can display the displacement Ax of the part in the horizontal direction, the values of the dial indicator, which are relatively changed at the two positions of 90 degrees and 270 degrees, can display the displacement Ay of the part in the vertical direction, and the clockwise and anticlockwise swing directions of the pointer of the dial indicator can display the displacement directions of the part at 0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees;
c. according to the swinging direction of the dial indicator "+" - ", the next adjustment direction of the center frame in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction can be correspondingly obtained;
d. according to the position relation of a three-point support center frame with an included angle of 120 degrees and the known vertical displacement Ay, the adjustment amount Ly of two top pin fulcrum single points below the center frame is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows: after the two points are adjusted in the same direction, the adjustment amount Ly and the rotation number Ny are halved, and P in the formula is the thread pitch of the screw threads in the jacking pins at the two lower positions;
e. according to the position relation of a three-point supporting center frame with an included angle of 120 degrees and the known horizontal displacement Ax, the adjustment amount Lx of two top pin fulcrum single points below the center frame can be calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows: and Lx is Ax/2 cos30 degrees, the adjustment amount can be further converted into the rotation number Nx, Nx is Lx/P is Ax/1.73P, one supporting point is adjusted, the other supporting point is adjusted in the opposite direction, the adjustment amount and the rotation number are Lx and Nx, and P in the formula is the thread pitch of the inner screw thread of the lower two ejector pins.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210572339.3A CN114888632A (en) | 2022-05-24 | 2022-05-24 | Alignment method of large-scale sleeping car center frame |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210572339.3A CN114888632A (en) | 2022-05-24 | 2022-05-24 | Alignment method of large-scale sleeping car center frame |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114888632A true CN114888632A (en) | 2022-08-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210572339.3A Pending CN114888632A (en) | 2022-05-24 | 2022-05-24 | Alignment method of large-scale sleeping car center frame |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011085913A1 (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2011-07-21 | Erwin Junker Maschinenfabrik Gmbh | Method for cylindrical grinding long, thin round rods and cylindrical grinding machine for carrying out the method having a trailing, self-centering steady rest |
| CN105436519A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-03-30 | 中钢集团邢台机械轧辊有限公司 | Alignment method of machining large-sized shaft parts on lathe |
| CN106735346A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2017-05-31 | 山东华力电机集团股份有限公司 | Lathe centre frame alignment device |
| DE102016009898A1 (en) * | 2016-08-13 | 2018-02-15 | EMAG GmbH & Co. KG | Machine tool for machining elongate workpieces |
| CN111069977A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-04-28 | 陕西航天动力高科技股份有限公司 | Surface fitting, precision machining process and part size measuring method suitable for machining center |
| CN112517941A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-19 | 首都航天机械有限公司 | Rapid alignment device and alignment method for heavy long-axis products |
-
2022
- 2022-05-24 CN CN202210572339.3A patent/CN114888632A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011085913A1 (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2011-07-21 | Erwin Junker Maschinenfabrik Gmbh | Method for cylindrical grinding long, thin round rods and cylindrical grinding machine for carrying out the method having a trailing, self-centering steady rest |
| CN106735346A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2017-05-31 | 山东华力电机集团股份有限公司 | Lathe centre frame alignment device |
| CN105436519A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-03-30 | 中钢集团邢台机械轧辊有限公司 | Alignment method of machining large-sized shaft parts on lathe |
| DE102016009898A1 (en) * | 2016-08-13 | 2018-02-15 | EMAG GmbH & Co. KG | Machine tool for machining elongate workpieces |
| CN111069977A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-04-28 | 陕西航天动力高科技股份有限公司 | Surface fitting, precision machining process and part size measuring method suitable for machining center |
| CN112517941A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-19 | 首都航天机械有限公司 | Rapid alignment device and alignment method for heavy long-axis products |
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Application publication date: 20220812 |
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