CN114884676A - Block chain-based government affair data sharing method - Google Patents
Block chain-based government affair data sharing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114884676A CN114884676A CN202210478664.3A CN202210478664A CN114884676A CN 114884676 A CN114884676 A CN 114884676A CN 202210478664 A CN202210478664 A CN 202210478664A CN 114884676 A CN114884676 A CN 114884676A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
- H04L9/3236—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using cryptographic hash functions
- H04L9/3239—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using cryptographic hash functions involving non-keyed hash functions, e.g. modification detection codes [MDCs], MD5, SHA or RIPEMD
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/04—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
- H04L63/0428—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
- H04L63/0478—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload applying multiple layers of encryption, e.g. nested tunnels or encrypting the content with a first key and then with at least a second key
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
- H04L67/1097—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS]
Abstract
The invention discloses a block chain-based government affair data sharing method, relating to the technical field of block chain application; establishing a double-chain structure of a storage alliance chain and a sharing alliance chain; and orderly storing government affair data based on the storage alliance chain: storing the data abstract and the IPFS address for storing the government affair data in a storage alliance chain, storing the government affair data in an IPFS distributed system under the storage alliance chain, and mapping the data abstract on the storage alliance chain and the government affair data under the storage alliance chain; supervising and managing the government affair data using process based on the shared alliance chain: and acquiring an IPFS address and a data abstract of government data on the storage alliance chain according to the authority stored in the sharing alliance chain, acquiring the government data according to the IPFS address and the mapping, and recording the use process of the government data through the sharing alliance chain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a method, relates to the technical field of block chain application, and particularly relates to a government affair data sharing method based on a block chain.
Background
The government affair data has the characteristics of basic, authoritative, specialization, full coverage and the like, but the government affair data are distributed among different departments according to the field related to the data and gradually form a data barrier. The failure to efficiently transfer information between departments has a large impact on government affairs service efficiency.
The existing government affair data sharing exchange mode can be summarized into point-to-point, service bus exchange and data centralized sharing. A point-to-point integration mode, namely writing an interface program for each data source for exchange, wherein the interface program is difficult to write due to the heterogeneous characteristics of the data sources; also this approach is a tightly coupled mode and it is difficult to form a uniform standard.
The service bus is an enterprise service bus, and the method has three problems: (1) the release service needs to partially modify or reconstruct the original system; (2) complex configuration services are required for exchanging data among the agents; (3) the work of data cleaning and comparison is handed to the user side, and the workload of the user side is huge.
The data centralized sharing mode is used for sharing data in a centralized storage mode, but the mechanism causes large storage capacity of a data center, different data sources need to be collected, compared, cleaned, converted by heterogeneous data and the like, so that the workload of a server side of the data center is very large, the data submitting period of each unit is long, and the real-time performance of the data cannot be guaranteed. Meanwhile, the problem of the execution matching degree is faced, whether each department and unit are matched with data concentration and sharing or not, and the authority, the liability, the data safety and the like of some departments are influenced after the data sharing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a block chain-based government affair data sharing method, which realizes safe sharing of data among departments based on the block chain and breaks the data barrier.
The specific scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a block chain-based government affair data sharing method, which comprises the steps of establishing a double-chain structure of a storage alliance chain and a sharing alliance chain;
and orderly storing government affair data based on the storage alliance chain: storing the data abstract and the IPFS address for storing the government affair data in a storage alliance chain, storing the government affair data in an IPFS distributed system under the storage alliance chain, and mapping the data abstract on the storage alliance chain and the government affair data under the storage alliance chain;
supervising and managing the government affair data using process based on the shared alliance chain: and acquiring an IPFS address and a data abstract of government data on the storage alliance chain according to the authority stored in the sharing alliance chain, acquiring the government data according to the IPFS address and the mapping, and recording the use process of the government data through the sharing alliance chain.
Further, in the block chain-based government affair data sharing method, the storing of the data digest and the IPFS address storing the government affair data in the storage alliance chain includes:
when a certain slave node of the storage alliance chain receives new government affair data, a data abstract is generated and the government affair data is encrypted, the encrypted government affair data is submitted to an IPFS distributed system, the data abstract and the IPFS address are packaged into data blocks, and blocks for storing the data blocks on the storage alliance chain are added.
Further, in the block chain-based government affairs data sharing method, before adding the block storing the data block on the storage alliance chain, the method includes:
sending a request for adding a new block to a master node of the storage alliance chain through a certain slave node, sending the request to other slave nodes through the master node for verification, and waiting for all the slave nodes to obtain consensus and then adding the block of the storage alliance chain, which stores the data block.
Further, in the block chain-based government affair data sharing method, the sharing alliance chain adopts a DPOS consensus mechanism to carry out alternate accounting, and the use process of the government affair data is recorded.
Further, in the block chain-based government affair data sharing method, accounting is performed in turn by adopting a DPOS consensus mechanism through the sharing alliance chain, and the method includes:
and dividing the node levels of the shared alliance chain, selecting partial nodes as a primary node group, alternately generating new blocks through the primary node group according to a DPOS (distributed data processing System) consensus mechanism, selecting partial nodes as a secondary node group, and verifying and supervising through the secondary node group.
Further, in the block chain-based government affair data sharing method, the dividing the node level of the sharing alliance chain includes:
and performing descending ranking on the nodes sharing the alliance chain periodically according to the contribution, selecting n nodes ranked in front as a primary node group, and using other nodes as a secondary node group.
Further, in the block chain-based government affair data sharing method, part of nodes ranked later in the first-level node group are periodically demoted to the second-level node group, and the second-level node group is ranked at the front-level node group and is upgraded to the first-level node group.
The invention also provides a block chain-based government affair data sharing device, which comprises: at least one memory and at least one processor;
the at least one memory to store a machine readable program;
the at least one processor is configured to invoke the machine readable program to perform the block chain based government data sharing method.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention provides a block chain-based government affair data sharing method, which can effectively prevent data from being lost or maliciously tampered by using a block chain for government affair data sharing, and protect private data from being leaked. The IPFS distributed cluster is used for storing data under the chain, the defects that a block chain is not suitable for storing a large amount of data and the performance of data access is low are overcome, the data access speed is improved while the data are protected, the overall performance of the system is improved, and the expansion is completed under the condition that the safety and the decentralization are not sacrificed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block chain sharing architecture of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a data storage architecture according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a data sharing process in the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
The invention provides a block chain-based government affair data sharing method, which comprises the steps of establishing a double-chain structure of a storage alliance chain and a sharing alliance chain;
and orderly storing government affair data based on the storage alliance chain: storing the data abstract and the IPFS address for storing the government affair data in a storage alliance chain, storing the government affair data in an IPFS distributed system under the storage alliance chain, and mapping the data abstract on the storage alliance chain and the government affair data under the storage alliance chain;
supervising and managing the government affair data using process based on the shared alliance chain: and acquiring an IPFS address and a data abstract of government data on the storage alliance chain according to the authority stored in the sharing alliance chain, acquiring the government data according to the IPFS address and the mapping, and recording the use process of the government data through the sharing alliance chain.
The method can be applied to the field of government affair service, provides a set of efficient and safe sharing mechanism for government affair data precipitated by government departments, respectively realizes the storage and sharing of the data by establishing a double-chain structure, and improves the data sharing efficiency by matching with a distributed file storage system.
In specific application, in some embodiments of the present invention, government affair data sharing based on a block chain is performed, a double-chain structure of a storage alliance chain and a sharing alliance chain is established, the double-chain is anchored periodically based on a hash value, complete government affair data is stored in an IPFS distributed system under the storage alliance chain, only a data digest is stored on the storage alliance chain, and data on the chain and data under the chain are mapped.
Further, in order to meet the requirement of data security, government affair data stores are stored in order based on the storage alliance chain. Because the information content of the government affair data memory is too large and the capacity of the block chain is limited, in order to improve the application performance, the whole complete government affair data is not stored in the storage alliance chain, but only the data abstract and the IPFS address are stored in the storage alliance chain in a mode of combining chain storage and chain down storage, and the complete government affair data is stored in the IPFS cluster under the chain after being encrypted. Because IPFS is a distributed file system, the network can be faster and safer, and the problem of low performance of a block chain is well solved. The government affair data storage alliance chain can use the region information platform as a block chain node, and each node can be considered to be credible and effective in data operation. After receiving new data, a certain slave node first generates a data summary, then uses the public key of the slave node to encrypt government affair data, submits the encrypted government affair data to an IPFS cluster, finally packs the data summary, storage address and the like into blocks, sends a request for adding a new block to a master node (leader), the master node sends the request to the slave node for verification, and correspondingly adds the block after all slave nodes acquire consensus, referring to FIG. 2.
And the sharing alliance chain based on government affair data stores authority management, indexes and the like, and is used for supervising and managing the data use process and carrying out transaction records. And each department of government affairs, a data using mechanism and the like can be selected as a block chain node, and in order to ensure the sharing efficiency, the block-out speed needs to be fast enough, so that the alliance chain adopts an improved DPOS consensus mechanism to carry out alternate accounting.
Further, in the block chain-based government affair data sharing method, accounting is performed in turn by adopting a DPOS consensus mechanism through the sharing alliance chain, and the method includes:
and dividing the node levels of the shared alliance chain, selecting partial nodes as a primary node group, alternately generating new blocks through the primary node group according to a DPOS (distributed data processing System) consensus mechanism, selecting partial nodes as a secondary node group, and verifying and supervising through the secondary node group.
Further, the dividing the node level of the shared federation chain includes:
and performing descending ranking on the nodes sharing the alliance chain periodically according to the contribution, selecting n nodes ranked in front as a primary node group, and using other nodes as a secondary node group.
And periodically degrading partial nodes ranked behind the first-stage node group to the second-stage node group, and upgrading the front partial nodes ranked on the second-stage node group to the first-stage node group. And so on.
The data provider has complete autonomous control authority on the data, other inquirers submit a reference application, and after the authority is obtained, the data can be decrypted by the private key of the inquirer by using a proxy re-encryption mechanism under the condition of not exposing the private key of the provider, so that government affair data sharing is realized. Refer to fig. 3 for a review sharing process.
In the above process, the nodes sharing the federation chain may include a central node and a department node. The method is mainly used for networking the block chain contained in the platform, and providing various rule contracts related to data sharing opening, so that the constructed networking structure is protected comprehensively, the platform deployment safety is ensured, and the government affair data can be applied and developed safely and effectively. The latter can combine the rule that the central node proposed, transmit each department data to block chain and share and process, and the shared network can inquire the data information of other departments on the public ledger. In the process, the distributed account book can be used as a component for realizing data sharing and exchange, multi-party maintenance and sharing application can be carried out on data information, and a central node can construct a directory system of government affair data on a public account book, so that each department node is ensured to carry out ordered query and call. From the overall view, when the sharing network of the sharing alliance chain guarantees to be switched into department nodes, the sharing data information can be continuously optimized according to a uniform rule system, authorization operation can also be proposed, and finally the national data chain can be communicated with the urban data chain, so that data transmission across departments and regions is achieved.
The invention also provides a block chain-based government affair data sharing device, which comprises: at least one memory and at least one processor;
the at least one memory to store a machine readable program;
the at least one processor is configured to invoke the machine readable program to perform the block chain based government data sharing method.
Because the content of information interaction, execution process, and the like among the modules in the device is based on the same concept as the method embodiment of the present invention, specific content can be referred to the description in the method embodiment of the present invention, and is not described herein again.
Similarly, the device can be used for government affair data sharing through the block chain, can effectively prevent data from being lost or maliciously tampered, and can protect private data from being leaked. The IPFS distributed cluster is used for storing data under the chain, the defects that a block chain is not suitable for storing a large amount of data and the performance of data access is low are overcome, the data access speed is improved while the data are protected, the overall performance of the system is improved, and the expansion is completed under the condition that the safety and the decentralization are not sacrificed.
It should be noted that not all steps and modules in the above flows and device structures are necessary, and some steps or modules may be omitted according to actual needs. The execution sequence of the steps is not fixed and can be adjusted according to the needs. The system structure described in the above embodiments may be a physical structure or a logical structure, that is, some modules may be implemented by the same physical entity, or some modules may be implemented by a plurality of physical entities, or some components in a plurality of independent devices may be implemented together.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A government affair data sharing method based on block chains is characterized in that a double-chain structure of a storage alliance chain and a sharing alliance chain is established;
and orderly storing government affair data based on the storage alliance chain: storing the data abstract and the IPFS address for storing the government affair data in a storage alliance chain, storing the government affair data in an IPFS distributed system under the storage alliance chain, and mapping the data abstract on the storage alliance chain and the government affair data under the storage alliance chain;
supervising and managing the government affair data using process based on the shared alliance chain: and acquiring an IPFS address and a data abstract of government data stored in the sharing alliance chain according to the authority stored in the sharing alliance chain, acquiring the government data according to the IPFS address and the mapping, and recording the use process of the government data through the sharing alliance chain.
2. The method for sharing government affairs data based on block chain as claimed in claim 1, wherein the storing the data summary and the IPFS address storing the government affair data on the storage alliance chain comprises:
when a certain slave node of the storage alliance chain receives new government affair data, a data abstract is generated and the government affair data is encrypted, the encrypted government affair data is submitted to an IPFS distributed system, the data abstract and the IPFS address are packaged into data blocks, and blocks for storing the data blocks on the storage alliance chain are added.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein before adding the block storing the data block in the storage alliance chain, the method comprises:
sending a request for adding a new block to a master node of the storage alliance chain through a certain slave node, sending the request to other slave nodes through the master node for verification, and waiting for all the slave nodes to obtain consensus and then adding the block of the storage alliance chain, which stores the data block.
4. A block chain-based government data sharing method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the sharing alliance chain adopts DPOS consensus mechanism to carry out alternate billing and record the use process of government data.
5. The method for sharing government affairs data based on block chain as claimed in claim 4, wherein the alternative accounting is performed by using DPOS consensus mechanism through the sharing alliance chain, comprising:
and dividing the node levels of the shared alliance chain, selecting partial nodes as a primary node group, alternately generating new blocks through the primary node group according to a DPOS (distributed data processing System) consensus mechanism, selecting partial nodes as a secondary node group, and verifying and supervising through the secondary node group.
6. The method for sharing government affairs data based on block chain as claimed in claim 5, wherein said dividing the node level of the sharing alliance chain comprises:
and performing descending ranking on the nodes sharing the alliance chain periodically according to the contribution, selecting n nodes ranked in front as a primary node group, and using other nodes as a secondary node group.
7. The government data sharing method based on block chains as claimed in claim 6, wherein part of nodes ranked later in the primary node group are periodically downgraded to the secondary node group, and the secondary node group is upgraded from the front node group to the primary node group.
8. A block chain-based government affair data sharing device is characterized by comprising: at least one memory and at least one processor;
the at least one memory to store a machine readable program;
the at least one processor configured to invoke the machine readable program to perform a block chain based government data sharing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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