CN114884550A - Relay cooperative transmission method for bidirectional transmission FD multi-relay cooperative SWIPT network - Google Patents
Relay cooperative transmission method for bidirectional transmission FD multi-relay cooperative SWIPT network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a relay cooperative transmission method for a bidirectional transmission FD multi-relay cooperative SWIPT network, and belongs to the technical field of calculation, calculation or counting. The invention is based on the SWIPT receiver adopting the dynamic PS strategy, the single link interruption probability is minimized as an optimization target, and the power distribution coefficients of signals in different frequency bands are further optimized while the relay PS coefficient is optimized. Meanwhile, the performance and the applicable scenes of various RS algorithms are analyzed by taking the traversal capacity and the maximization of the bidirectional link as optimization targets. The relay node of the SWIPT receiver structure is selected to participate in bidirectional communication of the FD multi-relay cooperation SWIPT network oriented to bidirectional transmission, effective power distribution is achieved, and system transmission efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wireless information and energy simultaneous transmission technology, in particular to a relay cooperative transmission method for a bidirectional transmission FD multi-relay cooperative SWIPT network, which is suitable for wireless information and energy transmission of equipment such as Internet of things nodes and terminal nodes which are not convenient to replace batteries or difficult to replace batteries, and belongs to the technical field of calculation, calculation or counting.
Background
Energy Harvesting (EH) technology has become a solution to extend the life cycle of Energy constrained wireless communication networks. Among various energy sources, energy carried by Radio Frequency (RF) signals is more stable and can be adaptively adjusted according to system requirements. RF signals have been widely used as carriers of signals in Wireless Information Transfer (WIT), and RF signals can carry energy to enable Wireless Information and energy Transfer (SWIPT) technology.
However, the most advanced RF energy receivers in the prior art cannot directly process the Information carried by the signal, so researchers propose two practical strategies of Time Switching (TS) and Power Splitting (PS) to coordinate the operation of the Information Processing module (IP) and the EH module. In the TS strategy, the operating times of the IP module and the EH module are staggered, the design and implementation of the circuit are simple, but the information transmission is not continuous, and in order to adapt to the discontinuity of the information transmission, the signal transmitting end needs to adjust the signal coding to avoid transmitting useful signals during the operating period of the EH module. The PS strategy divides the received signal of the RF energy receiver into two parts according to power, one part for the IP module and one part for the EH module. The PS strategy solves the discontinuity of information transmission, better utilizes the time resources of the communication system, but also increases the circuit implementation difficulty of the RF energy receiver.
Since RF signals suffer from path loss and multipath fading, relay cooperative communication is increasingly used in combination with the SWIPT technique in order to extend the coverage of signals and improve the quality of communication services. In a relay cooperative communication network, an Amplify-and-Forward (AF) protocol and a Decode-and-Forward (DF) protocol are two basic forwarding protocols. The DF protocol decodes the received signal at the relay before forwarding it to the signal receiving end, and the decoding circuit filters the antenna noise included in the received signal but also increases the power consumption at the relay. The AF forwarding protocol only performs simple linear amplification processing on the received signal, and amplifies the noise power while amplifying the useful signal power. However, the AF forwarding protocol is simple to implement and does not require decoding circuits with high power consumption. In the relay cooperation SWIPT network, the circuit operation power of the relay is completely provided by the RF signal received by the relay, and in order to reduce the energy consumption of the relay, an AF forwarding protocol is adopted in practical application rather than a DF forwarding protocol which consumes more energy.
In the relay cooperation SWIPT network, EH relays may be divided into Half-Duplex (HD, Half-Duplex) EH relays and Full-Duplex (FD, Full-Duplex) EH relays according to operation modes. When the EH relay operates in the HD mode, the transmission cycle of each communication is divided into two phases. In the first stage, the EH relay receives the signal transmitted by the signal transmitting terminal, and in the second stage, the EH relay forwards the signal received in the first stage to the signal receiving terminal. When the EH relay operates in the FD mode, the EH relay forwards a received signal to a signal receiving terminal while receiving a signal transmitted by a signal transmitting terminal. Considering the influence of Self-Interference (SI) at the relay, early research on relay cooperative networks focused on HD relay communication. In recent years, with the breakthrough of Self-Interference Cancellation (SIC) technology, FD relay networks have gained wide attention by virtue of their significant advantages in spectral efficiency compared to HD relay networks. Because the FD relay scheme based on the TS strategy can only transmit or receive information during a part of the transmission period, the time resource utilization of the system is low. On the other hand, the EH relay adopts the PS strategy to well coordinate the EH module and the IP module, and receive and transmit information simultaneously without interruption without affecting the communication quality of the system, which benefits from the breakthrough of the SIC technology in recent years. Therefore, adopting the PS policy at the EH relay can fully utilize the FD characteristics of the system.
In a multi-Relay cooperative communication network, Relay Selection (RS) can enhance the diversity gain of the system. And the optimal relay is selected by adopting a proper standard, so that the system performance can reach the optimal. Unlike a traditional relay cooperation network, in the relay cooperation SWIPT network, the signal transmission power at the relay is not limited by the battery capacity of the relay, and the energy collected from the RF signal can support the uninterrupted work of the relay without preparing or replacing the battery. Thus, more relays are selected, not only the extra battery power is not consumed, but more energy can be collected for signal forwarding. However, the larger number of relays selected means that each relay is divided into less transmission bandwidth, and how to select an appropriate relay set to optimize the system capacity becomes a hot point of research.
In practical engineering applications, the use of a bidirectional relay network is inevitable due to the needs of a service scenario. Currently, research on the bidirectional transmission FD multi-relay cooperative SWIPT network mainly focuses on co-frequency full duplex transmission. In fact, in the FD multi-relay cooperative network for bidirectional transmission, due to the different distances between the two signal transmission sources and the relays and the different instantaneous channel states, the channel fading experienced by the signals transmitted by the two signal transmission sources when reaching the relays is inconsistent, and the power distribution problem of the mixed signals is naturally caused. Under the same-frequency full-duplex relay transmission mechanism, because the signals of two signal emission sources share the same frequency band, the separation operation of mixed signals can not be carried out at the relay, and the power distribution can not be completed.
In the prior art document, "Full-Duplex Wireless-Powered Relay in Two Way Wireless Cooperative Networks" (Full-Duplex Wireless power supply Relay in bidirectional Cooperative network, "[ IEEE Access, vol.5, pp.1548-1558,2017 ]) considers the scenario of bidirectional signal transmission in a multi-Relay Cooperative SWIPT network, but mainly focuses on researching differently, the impact of SWIPT receiver strategy on system throughput and interruption probability is generated, and the same-frequency Full-Duplex transmission is taken as a research background, mixed signals are not separated at the Relay, and the capability of distinguishing and separating the mixed signals through frequency bands is not provided, so that power distribution cannot be realized; in addition, the context of "Time-Switching Based In-Band Full Duplex Wireless power Powered Two-Way Relay" (In-Band Full Duplex Wireless power supply bidirectional Relay Based on Time Switching, "& 2016URSI Asia-Pacific Radio Science Conference, pp.438-441,2016") considers the scene of bidirectional signal transmission In a single-Relay cooperative SWIPT network, and proposes a Relay forwarding protocol capable of processing same-frequency self-interference, but adopts a TS strategy with low Time slot utilization rate, and still uses same-frequency Full Duplex transmission as a research background, so that the separation operation of mixed signals at the Relay cannot be performed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of separation and power redistribution of mixed signals in a bidirectional transmission FD relay cooperation SWIPT network by redesigning an SWIPT receiver structure at a relay to support Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) communication and provide a relay cooperation transmission method facing the bidirectional transmission FD multi-relay cooperation SWIPT network, namely, when a relay is selected to carry out cooperation communication, the relay separates information waveform signals output by a PS strategy through a band-pass filter, respectively extracts signals corresponding to two signal source Frequency bands, distributes power again for electric energy stored in energy waveform signals output by the PS strategy, takes the minimum single link interruption probability as an optimization target to obtain an optimal PS coefficient and an optimal power distribution coefficient, and two parts of redistributed power are respectively used for power amplification of signals of the two signal source Frequency bands, the invention aims to separate signals of different frequency bands in a mixed signal and allocate optimal power are achieved.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention:
a relay cooperative transmission method facing a bidirectional transmission FD multi-relay cooperative SWIPT network enables signals of different frequency bands to be separated at a relay and power to be redistributed by designing an SWIPT receiver capable of supporting FDD communication and applying the SWIPT receiver to the bidirectional transmission FD multi-relay cooperative SWIPT network.
Further, in the relay cooperative transmission method for the FD multi-relay cooperative SWIPT network with bidirectional transmission, the SWIPT receiver supporting FDD communication includes:
a power division module for receiving the mixed signal from the two signal sources, dividing the mixed signal into two parts according to the PS coefficient of the current relay, and outputting
Partial mixing of signals to IPModule, output
Part of the mixed signal to the EH module, p j PS coefficient for the jth relay, p j ∈[0,1]；
IP module to received
Demodulating part of the mixed signal from said
Separating and extracting signals from the two signal sources from part of mixed signals, amplifying the separated and extracted signals from the two signal sources, and outputting frequency band signals from the two signal sources;
EH module, receive
Part of the mixed signal is
Part of the mixed signals are converted into direct current electric energy and then stored in the battery module; and a process for the preparation of a coating,
and the power distribution module is used for carrying out power distribution on the direct current electric energy stored in the battery module according to the power distribution coefficient of the current relay and transmitting the frequency band signals from the two signal sources to the corresponding signal sources according to the distributed power.
Further, in the relay cooperation transmission method facing the bidirectional transmission FD multi-relay cooperation SWIPT network, the selected relay R is used j Processing information waveform signal separated by PS strategy
Further using a band-pass filter for separation, having
For separating extracted signals from signal source via band-pass filter i (i ═ 1,2)S i Signal of (i ═ 1,2), ρ j Is a relay R j Dynamic PS coefficient of (c), h ij As a signal source S i And relay R j In the channel response between the first and second channels,
representative signal source S i Is transmitted in the same manner as in the previous embodiment,
is a relay R j The residual self-interference channel response of (a),
is a relay R j Corresponding to signal source S in the transmitted signal i (i ═ 1,2) portions of the signal band.
Further, in the relay cooperation transmission method facing the bidirectional transmission FD multi-relay cooperation SWIPT network, the relay R is selected j Processing the energy waveform signal separated by the PS strategy
After entering the EH module, the direct current electric energy is converted into direct current electric energy to be stored in the battery module, and the relay R j The total transmission power that can be provided by the battery module is recorded as
Power distribution module pair
Performing redistribution, setting the system adjustment power distribution coefficient to
Due to the fact that
Comprises the following steps:
is a relay R j Total transmission power
In for signal source S 1 The power portion of the frequency band signal,
is a relay R j Total transmission power
In for signal source S 2 Power part of frequency band signal, s j Is a relay R j The power distribution coefficient of (1).
Still further, in the relay cooperative transmission method for the bidirectional transmission FD multi-relay cooperative SWIPT network, the finally selected relay R is calculated j Forwarded and supplied by the signal source S i (i-1, 2) a signal-to-noise ratio after reception processing of
Or
Wherein,
is a relay R j To the signal source
The amplification of the frequency band signal(s),
is a relay R j The variance of the additive white gaussian noise introduced by the band-pass filter i (i ═ 1,2),
representing the signal source S i (i ═ 1,2) the variance of additive white gaussian noise at the receive antenna end.
Furthermore, in the relay cooperation transmission method facing the bidirectional transmission FD multi-relay cooperation SWIPT network, to
Solving a Relay R for an objective function j Optimum PS coefficient of
And optimal power distribution coefficient
Comprises the following steps:
wherein,
for the currently selected relay set, S R The original selected relay set.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects by adopting the technical scheme:
(1) the invention designs an SWIPT receiver structure supporting FDD communication at the relay, and by realizing the signal separation operation of different signal source frequency band signals and completing the power redistribution operation after the signal separation, the SWIPT network can adaptively adjust the power distribution coefficient according to different channel conditions and make adaptive response to the dynamic channel attenuation of the mixed signals at the relay in the multi-relay cooperative network.
(2) According to the invention, on the basis of the relay node of the SWIPT receiver structure, the optimal PS system and the power distribution coefficient of the relay are determined by taking the minimum probability of interruption of the unidirectional link as a target, and then the relay participating in the bidirectional communication is selected by taking the maximum sum of the traversal capacity of the bidirectional link as a target.
(3) The relay of the SWIPT receiver structure adopted by the invention can separate the self-interference signal, and the separated self-interference signal and the signal source transmitting signal are amplified and power distributed together, so that the relay node of the invention can be flexibly applied to a relay network of which the signal receiving and transmitting end can support FDD communication, and the self-interference of each node in the relay network is effectively inhibited.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a topology diagram of a bidirectional transmission FD AF multi-relay cooperation SWIPT network model based on a PS strategy.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a SWIPT receiver inside a relay node.
Fig. 3 is a graph of traversal capacity and comparison of different RS algorithms.
Fig. 4 is a graph comparing the outage probability of different RS algorithms.
Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating the selection of the number of relays in the GRS algorithm.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a relay cooperative transmission method for a bidirectional transmission FD multi-relay cooperative SWIPT network, which designs a relay cooperative transmission scheme based on an FDD mechanism, redesigns an SWIPT receiver structure at a relay to support FDD communication, redistributes power after finishing separation operation of signals of different frequency bands, obtains an optimal PS coefficient and an optimal power distribution coefficient by taking the minimum interruption probability of a single link as an optimization target, and analyzes the performance of various RS algorithms based on the optimal PS coefficient and the optimal power distribution coefficient. The following describes in detail the theoretical derivation of the technical solution of the invention with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
Consider a bi-directional transmission dual-hop FD AF multi-relay cooperative SWIPT network model based on a PS strategy, as shown in fig. 1. Assume that there are a total of N operational relays R in the network 1 ,R 2 ,……,R N And two signal sources S with information coding and decoding functions 1 ,S 2 And each relay is a SWIPT receiver with energy harvesting functionality. Each relay is designed to be passive, that is, the electric energy consumed when the relay operates is totally from the energy collected from the RF signal. All nodes including two signal sources work in FD mode, and each selected relay works in irrelevant frequency range by dividing total bandwidth of system in equal frequency band to avoid signal interference generated between relays in FD mode. Suppose a signal source S 1 And a signal source S 2 Are not reachable, so direct links are not considered. Is provided with
Representing the set formed by the selected relays, the total bandwidth available to the network is B, the | operator represents the base of the set, and the channel bandwidth divided by each selected relay is B
Assuming that channels of all links in the multi-relay cooperative network are Rayleigh fading channels, and converting a signal source S i (i-1, 2) and relay R j The channel response between (j ═ 1, 2., N) is denoted h ij 。
Fig. 2 shows a structural model of a relay node SWIPT receiver capable of supporting FDD communication according to the present invention. Relay R j The residual self-interference (RSI) channel response of (a) is recorded as
Under the two-way communication scene set by the invention, two signal sources S 1 And S 2 Are all operated in FD mode, so that the signal source S 1 And S 2 The self-interference of the signal source S also needs to be considered i The RSI channel response at (A) is recorded as
Assuming that the Channel State Information (CSI) of all channels is completely known to the signal source, the system will dynamically select the "optimal" relay set to maximize the system capacity according to the instantaneity and randomness of the CSI when applying the corresponding RS algorithm. To simplify the analysis, the power consumed by the signal processing in the relay internal circuitry and in the CSI acquisition phase is ignored.
During operation of the relay network, when R is relayed j If selected, relay R j Will receive a signal from a signal source S 1 And a signal source S 2 The mixed signals of different frequency bands are respectively transmitted to the signal source in a broadcasting mode after being processedS 1 And S 2 . After each signal source receives the mixed signal, the signal from another signal source is separated and extracted, and the retransmission signals from a plurality of selected relays are processed by adopting a Maximum Ratio Combining (MRC) diversity receiving mode. Selected relay R j The received mixed signal is processed according to the PS coefficient rho j :(1-ρ j ) Divided into two parts, where p j Part of it enters the IP module, 1-rho j Partially into the EH module. After the part entering the IP module is demodulated, the part is filtered by the band-pass filter 1 and the band-pass filter 2 to obtain a signal source S belonging to different frequency bands 1 And S 2 Then, the signals of the two different frequency bands are amplified by using the AF protocol. The signal entering the EH module is converted into direct current electric energy by an internal circuit in the form of energy waveform and temporarily stored in the battery module, and then the relay internally redistributes the power of the energy stored in the battery and is respectively used for the signal source S 1 Frequency band signal and signal source S 2 And amplifying the power of the frequency band signal. The following is a detailed derivation of analytic expressions of system traversal capacity and interruption probability under the FDD-based Relay cooperative transmission scheme proposed in the present invention, and an idea of RS algorithm is typically explained by Greedy Relay Selection (GRS) algorithm.
(1) FDD-based relay cooperative transmission scheme
During network operation, when R is relayed j When selected, R j The received mixed signal may be expressed as:
wherein,
is a relay R j A received signal of h ij As a signal source S i And relay R j In the channel response between the first and second channels,
representative signal source S i Is transmitted in the same manner as in the previous embodiment,
is a relay R j The response of the RSI channel at (a),
is a relay R j The transmission signal of (a) is transmitted,
is a relay R j The antenna noise of (a) is detected,
obedience mean 0 and variance
Complex gaussian distribution of
Wherein,
N A representative of relays R j Noise power spectral density at the receiving antenna, [ n ]]Representing the time domain.
Relay R j Receives a signal from a signal source S 1 And S 2 Will be calculated according to the PS coefficient: rho j :(1-ρ j ),ρ j ∈[0,1]The method is divided into two parts which are respectively transmitted to an IP module and an EH module as follows:
wherein the signal
Is a relay R j The transmitted signal
Corresponds to the signal source S i (i-1, 2) part of the signal band, considering that in practical circuitry, the signal is
The medium thermal noise has a small ratio to the useful signal, namely:
the system then separates the extracted signal with a band-pass filter i (i ═ 1,2)
Amplifying by AF protocol, recording relay R j For signals from signal source S i (i-1, 2) the amplification factor of the frequency band signal is
Comprises the following steps:
in the formula (6), signal
For system to signal S from signal source i (i is 1,2) the output signal after the frequency band signal is amplified,
representative of relays R j Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) introduced by band-pass filter i (i ═ 1,2), subject to mean 0 and variance
Is a complex Gaussian distribution of
Wherein,
representative of relays R j The noise power spectral density of the internal circuitry.
Due to the signal
The medium noise has small occupation ratio of
Equation (6) can be rewritten as:
then relay R j Corresponding to the signal from the signal source S i (i ═ 1,2) the transmission power of the band signal is:
to simplify the analysis, two signal sources S are provided 1 And S 2 All signal transmitting power of P S Namely, the following steps are provided:
regarding the variable, the formula (8)
The solution of the unary equation of (a) yields:
recording relay R j The total transmission power required to be provided is
Driven entirely by the electric energy stored in the battery module, respectively for the signal source S 1 And S 2 The power amplification of the frequency band signal comprises the following steps:
signal in formula (3)
The energy is converted into direct current electric energy to be stored in the battery module after entering the EH module, the energy collection efficiency of the EH module is recorded as xi, and the relay R j Total transmission power that can be provided
The value of (d) can be expressed as:
regarding the variables, the formula (11)
The solution of the unary equation of (a) yields:
signal
After entering the EH module, the electric energy is converted into direct current electric energy to be stored in the battery module, then the power distribution module redistributes the electric energy in the battery module in power, and a system is set to adjust a power distribution coefficient to
United (10) with the equation set:
solving this system of equations yields:
in the formula (9)
And formula (12) in formula (14)
And
separately solving for variables
And variables
The equation of (2) gives:
via relay R j Forwarded and supplied by the signal source S i (i ═ 1,2) the received signal can be expressed as:
wherein,
as a signal source S i RSI channel response at (i ═ 1,2), and w ij [n](i ═ 1,2) stands for in-relay R j Acting on signal source S in the range of working frequencies i (i ═ 1,2) AWGN at the receive antenna end, subject to a mean of 0 and a variance of
Complex gaussian distribution of
Wherein,
N S representing the signal source S i (i 1,2) noise power spectral density at the receive antenna end.
Then via the relay R j Forwarded and supplied by the signal source S i (i-1, 2) the received signal power may be calculated as:
given by formula (8)
Is substituted into a formula (18),
can be expressed as:
wherein when i is 1,2, there are
Signal source S i (i ═ 1,2) as the transceiver supporting FDD communication, the signal in the same frequency band as the transmitted signal is filtered out when receiving the signal, i.e. the signal components of the first term, the second term, the third term and the seventh term in equation (19) are filtered out, and the signal source corresponding to the other end is filtered out
The useful signal of the transmitting signal frequency band is a fourth term signal component and a fifth term signal component, and the sixth term signal component and the eighth term signal component are noise components, wherein,
the component passing through the signal source S i (i-1, 2) the receiver after filtering process will become
Thus obtaining a relayed R j Forwarded and supplied by the signal source S i (i-1, 2) the signal-to-noise ratio after the receiving process is:
In the formula (20), the reaction mixture is,
has been given by the formula (15) or the formula (16), and
the value of (c) can be given by equation (14) and equation (12).
Finally, the signal source S i (i 1,2) processing the signal samples from the plurality of repeating relays in an MRC diversity reception mode,
the channel capacity of a link can be expressed as:
(2) relay selection problem modeling
In the formula (21), the reaction mixture is,
the representative system finally selects the relay set for cooperative communication, and the invention mainly considers S when evaluating the performance of different relay selection algorithms 1 -S 2 Link and S 2 -S 1 The sum of link traversal capacity and the interruption probability. Wherein S is 1 -S 2 Link and S 2 -S 1 The sum of the link traversal capacities can be expressed as:
the outage probability can be defined as:
wherein, C th Is the threshold of interruption of channel capacity if
Below which the communication is considered to be interrupted.
Different criteria may select different relays when comparing better between relays. The bidirectional transmission relay cooperation network based on the FDD mechanism considers the power distribution problem of the frequency band signals of the two signal sources at the relay, if the signal-to-noise ratio or the channel capacity of the relay participating in the cooperation is adopted as an index for optimization and the optimal relay is selected, the optimal power distribution coefficient at the relay is seriously unbalanced, namely the signal sent by one of the two signal sources is not effectively forwarded, which is contrary to the scene setting of the bidirectional transmission relay network. For maintaining S in a bidirectional transmission scenario 1 -S 2 Link and S 2 -S 1 The communication between the links is fair, the invention still takes the channel capacity of the relay participating in the cooperative communication as the standard for judging the quality of the relay, but takes the interruption probability of the relay participating in the cooperative communication as an objective function when the optimal PS coefficient and the optimal power distribution coefficient are solved. Based on equation (21), R is relayed j Participating in cooperative communications
The channel capacity of the link can be recorded as
Wherein,
is a relay R j Join the original relay set S R The next selected relay set, k denotes the selected relay set
If the k-th selected relay is in the relay R j The outage probability of participating in cooperative communication may be defined as:
first, with probability of interruption
And (5) obtaining the optimal PS coefficient and the optimal power distribution coefficient by taking the minimum as an optimization target. The method is easy to analyze from the formula (24) and the formula (21), and the interruption probability is minimized
Equivalent to maximization
Is equivalent to maximization
Recording relay R j The objective function to be optimized for participating in cooperative communication is
Wherein
Is a relay R j Join original selected relay set S R After the selected relay set, the relay R j Optimum PS coefficient of
And optimal power distribution coefficient
Comprises the following steps:
then, to relay R j Sum of channel capacities of bidirectional links participating in cooperative communications
As a criterion for determining the relay quality, the subscript of a single optimal relay selected from the relay set with the number N of relays is:
wherein
And
calculated from equation (25).
Several common RS algorithms are Single Relay Selection (SRS), All-around Selection (AP), Greedy Relay Selection (GRS), and Exhaustive Search (ES). The AP algorithm selects all relays to carry out cooperative communication; the SRS algorithm is essentially a special case that the GRS algorithm only selects one 'optimal' relay in the first step; although the ES algorithm can achieve the optimal performance in the true sense, when the number of selectable relays is large, the complexity of the algorithm is huge, and the ES algorithm cannot be applied in practice. The GRS algorithm can obtain almost the same performance as the optimal ES algorithm on the average system capacity, has low algorithm complexity and can meet the real-time processing requirement, so that the GRS algorithm is widely applied in practice. Therefore, the relay cooperative transmission method will be described below with the GRS algorithm as an implementation algorithm.
(3) Greedy relay selection algorithm
In a relay network with the relay number of N, a Greedy Relay Selection (GRS) algorithm is divided into N steps in total, and the initial state of a relay set is
The selected relay set after the nth step
Can be expressed as:
wherein
For step n, selecting from the remaining optional relay sets for joining the relay set
Subscripts of the optimal relay of (1) have:
wherein
And
can be represented by the formula (25)
The following calculation is performed.
In that
To select the optimal relay set
Comprises the following steps:
the performance and the applicable scenario of three RS algorithms, namely, the SRS algorithm, the AP algorithm, and the GRS algorithm, under the relay cooperative transmission method of the present invention are described below with reference to three numerical simulation diagrams of fig. 3 to 5. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments of the same inventive concept, which can be derived from the embodiments of the present invention by a person skilled in the art, fall within the scope of the present invention. All radio link channels were modeled using rayleigh fading channels, and table 1 lists the main parameters used in the simulation process.
TABLE 1 simulation parameter List
| System bandwidth | 10MHz |
| Noise power spectral density | -174dBm/Hz |
| Energy Harvesting (EH) efficiency | 90％ |
| Residual self-interference (RSI) channel gain | -80dB |
| Number of relays in candidate relay set | 3 or 8 |
| Spectral efficiency outage threshold | 0.5bps/Hz |
Fig. 3 compares the two-way link traversal capacity sums of different RS algorithms under the relay cooperative transmission scheme based on the FDD mechanism proposed by the present invention, and discusses two cases where the number of relays is 3 and 8 in the network. In the framework of the bidirectional relay network of the present invention, the GRS algorithm still achieves almost completely similar performance to the ES algorithm, so the ES algorithm is not presented and analyzed here. The performance of the ES algorithm represents the optimal performance of the system, but the GRS algorithm with lower algorithm complexity represents the optimal performance of the system, which is inconvenient for practical application due to the high algorithm complexity. It is also known from fig. 3 that the GRS algorithm traverses capacity over all source transmit power coordinates and is higher than the AP algorithm and SRS algorithm.
Observing fig. 3, when the source transmission power is low, the AP algorithm selects all relays to collect more energy, generates more signal copies, and finally strengthens the received signal-to-noise ratio at two signal sources, so the AP algorithm obtains a similar traversal capacity sum to the GRS algorithm representing the optimal performance, and greatly leads the traversal capacity sum of the SRS algorithm. It can also be seen from fig. 5 that the GRS algorithm selects a relatively large number of relays at low source transmit power. In view of the extremely low algorithm complexity of the AP, the system generally enables the AP algorithm at low source transmit power. However, as the source transmit power gradually increases, the performance of the AP algorithm is increasingly behind the performance of the GRS and SRS algorithms. This is because when the source transmit power is high, the single optimal relay itself can already collect considerable energy for signal transmission, and at this time, only the single optimal relay is selected to fully and effectively utilize the system bandwidth, so the GRS algorithm tends to select the single optimal relay to achieve the optimal performance of the system when the source transmit power is high, and the system generally enables the SRS algorithm when the source transmit power is high in view of the extremely low linear complexity of the SRS algorithm. Similarly, when the number of relays is increased from 3 to 8, the sum of the traversal capacity of the AP algorithm is increased at low source transmit power, and the sum of the traversal capacity is decreased at high source transmit power. In conclusion, the SRS algorithm and the AP algorithm respectively obtain near-optimal traversal capacity under high source transmission power and low source transmission power, and have extremely low algorithm complexity.
Furthermore, when the number of relays is increased from 3 to 8, the performance improvement of the SRS algorithm is significant at low source transmission power, and is very limited at high source transmission power. This is because under low source transmit power, the increase in the number of relays provides more channel state possibilities, the probability that a better relay can be selected becomes higher, and the high source transmit power makes up for the defect of channel state fluctuation. The GRS algorithm benefits from more or less an increase in the number of relays in all source transmit power intervals, and similarly to the SRS algorithm, the GRS algorithm has less traversal capacity and improvement at high source transmit power. In conclusion, the AP algorithm, the SRS algorithm, and the GRS algorithm can all benefit from the increase of the number of relays significantly under the low source transmission power, while only the GRS algorithm can obtain a smaller performance gain from the increase of the number of relays under the high source transmission power, the SRS algorithm is hardly affected, and the AP algorithm even obtains a lower traversal capacity.
Fig. 4 compares the interruption probability of different RS algorithms under the relay cooperative transmission scheme based on the FDD mechanism proposed by the present invention, and also considers two cases of 3 and 8 relays in the network. Unlike the SRS algorithm traversal capacity and the leading AP algorithm at high source transmit power in fig. 3, the SRS algorithm is weaker than the AP algorithm in the performance of outage probability. This stems from the SRS algorithm and the AP algorithm about
On the premise that the spectral efficiency interruption threshold set by the simulation parameters is 0.5bps/Hz, under the SRS algorithm, the probability distribution difference is obtained
Is more than the AP algorithm
When the number of relays is increased from 3 to 8, no matter the SRS algorithm, the AP algorithm or the GRS algorithm obtains obvious improvement of interruption performance, and because the AP algorithm and the GRS algorithm select more relays under lower source transmission power and can benefit from the increase of the number of relays, the performance improvement of the AP algorithm and the GRS algorithm under the lower source transmission power is already obvious. Therefore, when the designed relay network has higher requirement on the interrupt performance, the requirement can be increasedThe relay number is preferably realized by using an AP algorithm and a GRS algorithm, and if the performance of the AP algorithm is similar to that of the GRS algorithm, the AP algorithm with extremely low algorithm complexity can be considered. In addition, in fig. 3, the SRS algorithm with the relay number of 8 obtains higher traversal capacity in all source transmission power intervals than the GRS algorithm with the relay number of 3, and in fig. 4, when the source transmission power exceeds 25dB, the SRS algorithm with the relay number of 8 also exceeds the GRS algorithm with the relay number of 3 in terms of interruption performance, which indicates that the relay number has a great influence on system performance, and if the designed relay network budget is sufficient, more relays should be arranged as much as possible.
Figure 5 depicts the GRS algorithm representing the optimal performance of the system as the number of relays selected varies with the source transmit power at 3 and 8, respectively. Consistent with the previous analysis, the GRS algorithm tends to select a greater number of relays at low source transmit power, and tends to select 1 number of relays at higher source transmit power. When the source transmitting power is 0dB, the GRS algorithm with the relay number of 3 selects the relay number close to 3, the utilization of the relays is close to saturation, while the GRS algorithm with the relay number of 8 only selects the relay number close to 6, and the utilization rate of the relays is only 75%, which shows that when the relay number is increased to a certain degree, the channel diversity among different relays is enough, and the improvement of the system performance by increasing the relay number blindly is not advisable. In addition, fig. 5 also shows that when the source transmission power begins to exceed about 17dB, the GRS algorithm with the relay number of 8 needs to select fewer relays than the GRS algorithm with the relay number of 3, which means that when the source transmission power reaches a certain level, both the selected relays are fewer, and at this time, the former can achieve the optimal performance of the system by selecting fewer relays through richer channel diversity.
Claims (5)
1. The relay cooperative transmission method facing the bidirectional transmission FD multi-relay cooperative SWIPT network is characterized in that each relay in the bidirectional transmission FD multi-relay cooperative SWIPT network is an SWIPT receiver supporting FDD communication, for a link between two signal sources working in different frequency bands in the bidirectional transmission FD multi-relay cooperative SWIPT network, the optimal PS coefficient and the optimal power distribution coefficient of each relay are determined by taking the minimum unidirectional link interruption probability as a target, the maximum sum of the traversal capacity of the bidirectional links is taken as a target, and the optimal relay participating in the bidirectional link communication is selected according to the optimal PS coefficient and the optimal power distribution coefficient of each relay.
2. The relay cooperative transmission method oriented to the FD multi-relay cooperative SWIPT network of claim 1, wherein the SWIPT receiver supporting FDD communication comprises:
a power division module for receiving the mixed signal from the two signal sources, dividing the mixed signal into two parts according to the PS coefficient of the current relay, and outputting
Part of the mixed signal is output to the IP module
Part of the mixed signal to the EH module, p j PS coefficient for the jth relay, p j ∈[0,1]；
IP module to received
Demodulating part of the mixed signal from said
Separating and extracting signals from the two signal sources from part of mixed signals, amplifying the separated and extracted signals from the two signal sources, and outputting frequency band signals from the two signal sources;
EH module, receive
Part of the mixed signal is
Part of the mixed signals are converted into direct current electric energy and then stored in the battery module; and a process for the preparation of a coating,
and the power distribution module is used for carrying out power distribution on the direct current electric energy stored in the battery module according to the power distribution coefficient of the current relay and transmitting the frequency band signals from the two signal sources to the corresponding signal sources according to the distributed power.
3. The relay cooperative transmission method oriented to the FD multi-relay cooperative SWIPT network of claim 2, wherein the method is characterized in that
Part of the mixed signal being
The above-mentioned
Part of the mixed signal being
Wherein,
are respectively time domain [ n]The IP module and the EH module in the jth relay receive the mixed signal,
is the time domain [ n ]]The mixed signal h from two signal sources received by the power distribution module in the jth relay ij For the ith signal source S i With the jth relay R j In the channel response between the first and second channels,
is the time domain [ n ]]Internal ith signal source S i Is transmitted in the same manner as in the previous embodiment,
for the jth relay R j The response of the RSI channel at (a),
is the time domain [ n]Inner jth relay R j The transmission signal of (a) is transmitted,
is the time domain [ n ]]Inner jth relay R j The antenna noise of (a) is detected,
obedience mean of 0 and variance of
Complex gaussian distribution of
N A For the jth relay R j A noise power spectral density at a receiving antenna, B is a total bandwidth of the bidirectional transmission FD oriented multi-relay cooperative SWIPT network,
for the jth relay R j Join original selected relay set S R The subsequent selected relay set is selected to be,
4. the relay cooperative transmission method oriented to the FD multi-relay cooperative SWIPT network of claim 3, wherein the expression for determining the optimal PS coefficient and the optimal power distribution coefficient at each relay with the minimum probability of interruption of the unidirectional link as a target is as follows:
wherein,
optimal PS coefficient and optimal power distribution coefficient, s, for the jth relay j The power allocation coefficient for the jth relay is,
the probability of a unidirectional link outage for the jth relay to engage in bidirectional communication,
in order to obtain the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal which is forwarded by the jth relay and received and processed by the 1 st signal source,
in order to obtain the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal which is forwarded by the jth relay and received and processed by the 2 nd signal source,
in order to obtain the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal which is forwarded by the jth relay and received and processed by the ith signal source,
reference numerals for the other of the two signal sources relative to the ith signal source,
for the jth relay R j For signals from signal sources
Amplification of frequency band signals, P S Is the transmission power of the signal source,
for the jth relay R j Provided corresponding to the signal from the signal source
The transmission power of the frequency band signal is,
for the jth relay R j The variance of the complex gaussian distribution obeyed by the additive white gaussian noise introduced by the band-pass filter used for separating the radio frequency signal corresponding to the signal source frequency band signal,
for the jth relay R j The noise power spectral density of the internal circuitry,
to relay R at jth j The variance of the complex gaussian distribution obeyed by the additive white gaussian noise acting at the receive antenna end of the signal source within the operating range,
N S the noise power spectral density at the antenna end is received for the signal source.
5. The relay cooperative transmission method for the FD multi-relay cooperative SWIPT network as claimed in claim 4, wherein the table is used to select the optimal relay participating in the bidirectional link communication according to the optimal PS coefficient and the optimal power distribution coefficient at each relay with the maximum sum of the bidirectional link traversal capacities as the targetThe expression is as follows:
wherein j is * For optimal relay index, N is the set of relays { R } j The number of relays in the (j) is,
the sum of the traversal capacities of the bidirectional links participating in bidirectional communication with the optimal PS coefficient and the optimal power distribution coefficient is taken as the jth relay,
the sum of the bi-directional link traversal capacities for the jth relay participating in the bi-directional communication,
k represents the selected relay set
The kth selected relay.
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