CN114884115A - Alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid distributed secondary control method based on dynamic consistency - Google Patents

Alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid distributed secondary control method based on dynamic consistency Download PDF

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CN114884115A
CN114884115A CN202210552852.6A CN202210552852A CN114884115A CN 114884115 A CN114884115 A CN 114884115A CN 202210552852 A CN202210552852 A CN 202210552852A CN 114884115 A CN114884115 A CN 114884115A
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郑涛
李鹏宇
杨畅
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks via a high-tension DC link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

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Abstract

本发明提出了一种基于动态一致性的交直流混合微电网分布式二次控制方法，该方法在原有微电网控制架构基础上，增加了稀疏通信网络，分布式电源与邻居节点进行信息交互，并基于动态一致性理论将交互信息直接用于下垂控制中功率参考的修正。互联变流器仅依靠本地信息协同参与二次控制，使用直流侧信息实现交直流微电网间的有功功率互济并利用交流侧信息向交流子网提供无功功率支撑。最终在互联变流器与分布式电源的协同控制下完成电压和频率恢复以及全网分布式电源功率均分的控制目标。本发明简化了通信网络拓扑结构，优化了即插即用功能，并充分利用互联变流器剩余容量，加强两侧子网相互支撑能力，提高了交直流混合微电网系统鲁棒性。

Figure 202210552852

The invention proposes a distributed secondary control method for AC-DC hybrid microgrid based on dynamic consistency. The method adds a sparse communication network on the basis of the original microgrid control structure, and the distributed power source exchanges information with neighbor nodes. And based on the dynamic consistency theory, the interactive information is directly used for the correction of the power reference in the droop control. The interconnected converters only rely on local information to cooperate in secondary control, use the DC side information to realize the active power mutual aid between the AC and DC microgrids, and use the AC side information to provide reactive power support to the AC sub-grid. Finally, under the coordinated control of interconnected converters and distributed power sources, the control objectives of voltage and frequency recovery and power sharing of distributed power sources in the whole network are completed. The invention simplifies the topological structure of the communication network, optimizes the plug-and-play function, fully utilizes the remaining capacity of the interconnected converter, strengthens the mutual support capability of the two sub-networks, and improves the robustness of the AC-DC hybrid microgrid system.

Figure 202210552852

Description

基于动态一致性的交直流混合微电网分布式二次控制方法Distributed secondary control method for AC-DC hybrid microgrid based on dynamic consistency

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及交直流混合微电网控制技术领域，具体涉及基于动态一致性的交直流混合微电网分布式二次控制方法。The invention relates to the technical field of AC/DC hybrid microgrid control, in particular to a distributed secondary control method for AC/DC hybrid microgrid based on dynamic consistency.

背景技术Background technique

在现代电力系统中，微电网不仅为分布式电源提供了能量接口，而且提高了传统电力系统在极端环境下的可靠性。然而，随着新能源技术和分布式发电的快速发展，直流型分布式电源和负荷占比逐渐提升，在接入交流电网时，需要通过能量转换装置进行变流，这无疑增加了成本、降低了效率。交直流混合微电网的出现解决了上述问题，这种混合微电网由交流子网、直流子网以及连接两侧子网的互联变流器组成，兼顾了交流微电网和直流微电网的优点，同时适应更多种类的分布式电源和负荷，使其能够灵活接入系统，减少电能变换环节，提高微电网供电可靠性以及经济性。然而，复杂的网络结构对控制策略有更高的要求，尤其是互联变流器与分布式电源间的协调控制。In modern power systems, microgrids not only provide an energy interface for distributed power sources, but also improve the reliability of traditional power systems in extreme environments. However, with the rapid development of new energy technology and distributed power generation, the proportion of DC distributed power sources and loads has gradually increased. When connecting to the AC power grid, it is necessary to convert the current through an energy conversion device, which undoubtedly increases the cost and reduces the efficiency. The emergence of the AC-DC hybrid microgrid solves the above problems. This hybrid microgrid consists of an AC sub-network, a DC sub-network and an interconnected converter connecting the sub-networks on both sides, taking into account the advantages of the AC micro-grid and the DC micro-grid. At the same time, it adapts to more types of distributed power sources and loads, enabling it to be flexibly connected to the system, reducing power conversion links, and improving the reliability and economy of microgrid power supply. However, the complex network structure has higher requirements on the control strategy, especially the coordinated control between interconnected converters and distributed power sources.

目前微电网控制策略大多采用分层控制结构：一次控制层、二次控制层和三次控制层。一次控制层决定单个分布式电源的输出特性，二次控制层负责频率、电压恢复以及功率分配，三次控制层负责优化控制以及经济运行。其中，二次控制的实现方式可分为集中式控制、分散式控制以及分布式控制。分布式控制基于去中心化思想，通过分布式电源间的相互通信将全局变量引入控制环节，使系统具有较强鲁棒性的同时，又能满足分布式电源即插即用功能，成为二次控制层的主流实现方式。At present, most microgrid control strategies adopt a hierarchical control structure: primary control layer, secondary control layer and tertiary control layer. The primary control layer determines the output characteristics of a single distributed power source, the secondary control layer is responsible for frequency, voltage recovery and power distribution, and the tertiary control layer is responsible for optimal control and economic operation. Among them, the implementation of secondary control can be divided into centralized control, decentralized control and distributed control. Distributed control is based on the idea of decentralization. Global variables are introduced into the control link through the mutual communication between distributed power sources, so that the system has strong robustness and can meet the plug-and-play function of distributed power sources. The mainstream implementation of the control layer.

近几年来，基于分布式一致性算法的控制策略成为学者们研究的重点，并且在单一供电方式的微电网中已展开大量研究工作。然而，将该技术应用于交直流混合微电网的研究并不多见，其主要难点在于互联变流器控制策略的选择以及交直流子网间通信拓扑结构的确定，在满足单侧子网控制要求的基础上，还需考虑子网间的电压支撑以及功率均分。目前，国外学者Enrique Espina González等将分布式一致性算法用于交直流混合微电网中，以提高全网分布式电源的功率均分精度，但其策略要求分布式电源与互联变流器间存在通信链路，这将会使通信网络较为复杂，通信延迟以及较多的通信变量可能会带来稳定性问题。此外，由于互联变流器正常情况下存在较大的容量冗余，其对交流子网的无功支撑能力有待被发掘。In recent years, the control strategy based on distributed consensus algorithm has become the focus of scholars' research, and a lot of research work has been carried out in the microgrid with a single power supply mode. However, there are few studies on the application of this technology to AC-DC hybrid microgrid. The main difficulty lies in the selection of the control strategy of the interconnected converters and the determination of the communication topology between the AC and DC sub-grids. On the basis of the requirements, the voltage support and power sharing among the sub-networks should also be considered. At present, foreign scholars such as Enrique Espina González have applied the distributed consensus algorithm in the AC-DC hybrid microgrid to improve the power sharing accuracy of the distributed power supply in the whole network. Communication link, which will make the communication network more complicated, communication delay and more communication variables may bring stability problems. In addition, due to the large capacity redundancy of the interconnected converter under normal circumstances, its reactive power support capability for the AC sub-network needs to be explored.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

为了克服上述现有技术存在的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种基于动态一致性的交直流混合微电网分布式二次控制方法，解决了交直流混合微电网电压与频率的支撑和恢复问题，实现了全网分布式电源的功率均分。该方法在负荷波动、通信失效等特殊情况下仍可行且有效，满足分布式电源即插即用功能，不仅提高了交直流混合微电网系统鲁棒性和供电可靠性，也提高了系统全稳定和经济运行水平。In order to overcome the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a distributed secondary control method for AC-DC hybrid microgrid based on dynamic consistency, which solves the problem of supporting and restoring the voltage and frequency of the AC-DC hybrid microgrid , to achieve the power equalization of the distributed power supply in the whole network. The method is still feasible and effective under special circumstances such as load fluctuation and communication failure, and meets the plug-and-play function of distributed power sources, which not only improves the robustness and power supply reliability of the AC-DC hybrid microgrid system, but also improves the overall stability of the system. and economic performance.

为实现上述技术目的，本发明将采取以下技术方案：For realizing the above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention will take the following technical solutions:

基于动态一致性的交直流混合微电网分布式二次控制方法，将动态一致性理论引入交直流混合微电网系统的二次控制中，互联变流器通过本地信息调节交流子网和直流子网两侧功率流动，向交流子网提供无功支撑，分布式电源依靠稀疏通信网络进行二次控制，互联变流器与分布式电源协同控制实现全网分布式电源功率均分。Based on the distributed secondary control method of AC-DC hybrid microgrid based on dynamic consistency, the dynamic consistency theory is introduced into the secondary control of the AC-DC hybrid microgrid system, and the interconnected converters adjust the AC subnet and DC subnet through local information. The power flows on both sides to provide reactive power support to the AC sub-network, the distributed power source relies on the sparse communication network for secondary control, and the interconnected converter and the distributed power source are coordinated to control the power of the distributed power source in the entire network.

所述交直流混合微电网系统由交流子网、直流子网、互联变流器以及稀疏通信网络组成；其中，所述互联变流器连接交流子网和直流子网，所述交流子网内部接有交流型分布式电源与负荷，所述直流子网内部接有直流型分布式电源与负荷；所述稀疏通信网络由全网分布式电源的二次控制器构成，互联变流器不参与通信，交流子网和直流子网内部节点进行邻间通信，交流子网和直流子网间至少存在一条通信链路，所述二次控制器负责采集与发送本地信息、接收邻居节点信息。The AC-DC hybrid microgrid system is composed of an AC sub-network, a DC sub-network, an interconnected converter and a sparse communication network; wherein, the interconnected converter is connected to the AC sub-network and the DC sub-network, and the AC sub-network is internally AC-type distributed power sources and loads are connected, and DC-type distributed power sources and loads are connected inside the DC sub-network; the sparse communication network is composed of the secondary controllers of the whole-network distributed power sources, and the interconnected converters do not participate Communication, the internal nodes of the AC sub-network and the DC sub-network perform inter-neighbor communication, there is at least one communication link between the AC sub-network and the DC sub-network, and the secondary controller is responsible for collecting and sending local information and receiving neighbor node information.

所述的分布式二次控制方法具体包含以下步骤：The distributed secondary control method specifically includes the following steps:

步骤1)，建立交直流混合微电网系统，获取交直流混合微电网结构参数以及各个分布式电源和互联变流器的额定参数；Step 1), establish an AC-DC hybrid microgrid system, and obtain the AC-DC hybrid microgrid structural parameters and the rated parameters of each distributed power source and interconnected converter;

步骤2)，根据交直流混合微电网系统结构判断各分布式电源的邻近关系，确定交流子网和直流子网内部相邻分布式电源的通信网络结构以及交流子网和直流子网之间分布式电源的通信关系；Step 2), according to the AC/DC hybrid microgrid system structure, determine the adjacent relationship of each distributed power source, determine the communication network structure of the adjacent distributed power sources in the AC sub-network and the DC sub-network, and the distribution between the AC sub-network and the DC sub-network. The communication relationship of the power supply;

步骤3)，根据式(1)及式(2)确定交流微源控制方式，所述交流微源采用下垂特性的一次控制策略来支撑交流子网频率和电压，分布式二次控制通过相邻分布式电源的功率信息调节状态变量ψi和χi以实现交流子网的频率和电压恢复以及功率均分；其中，所述功率均分具体指有功功率在全网分布式电源中按容量进行分配、无功功率在交流子网分布式电源中根据容量进行比例分配；Step 3), according to formula (1) and formula (2) to determine the control mode of the AC micro-source, the AC micro-source adopts the primary control strategy of droop characteristic to support the frequency and voltage of the AC sub-network, and the distributed secondary control passes the adjacent The power information of the distributed power supply adjusts the state variables ψ i and χ i to realize the frequency and voltage recovery of the AC sub-network and the power sharing; wherein, the power sharing specifically refers to the active power in the whole network distributed power generation according to the capacity. Distribution and reactive power are distributed proportionally according to the capacity in the AC sub-network distributed power supply;

Figure BDA0003655561310000041
Figure BDA0003655561310000041

Figure BDA0003655561310000042
Figure BDA0003655561310000042

式中，ωi与ui分别为第i个交流微源的输出频率与输出电压；ωref与Uref分别为输出频率与输出电压的参考值；np与nq分别表示有功-频率和无功-电压下垂控制系数；Pi *与

Figure BDA0003655561310000043
分别表示第i个交流微源输出有功功率和无功功率的标幺值；
Figure BDA0003655561310000044
与
Figure BDA0003655561310000045
分别表示第i个交流微源输出有功功率和无功功率的参考值；ψi和χi分别表示有功二次控制与无功二次控制的状态变量；τi和κi为分布式二次控制的控制参数；αi和βi分别为频率和电压恢复系数；Nac和Ndc分别表示全网交流微源和直流微源总数；aik和bik分别表示有功二次控制与无功二次控制的通信系数；Pk *与
Figure BDA0003655561310000046
表示通信获取的第k个分布式电源输出的有功功率和无功功率的标幺值；In the formula, ω i and u i are the output frequency and output voltage of the ith AC micro-source respectively; ω ref and U ref are the reference values of the output frequency and output voltage respectively; n p and n q represent the active-frequency and Reactive power-voltage droop control coefficient; P i * and
Figure BDA0003655561310000043
respectively represent the per-unit values of active power and reactive power output by the i-th AC micro-source;
Figure BDA0003655561310000044
and
Figure BDA0003655561310000045
respectively represent the reference values of active power and reactive power output by the i-th AC micro-source; ψ i and χ i represent the state variables of active secondary control and reactive secondary control, respectively; τ i and κ i are distributed secondary control Control parameters for control; α i and β i are the frequency and voltage recovery coefficients, respectively; N ac and N dc represent the total number of AC micro-sources and DC micro-sources in the whole network, respectively; a ik and bi ik represent active secondary control and reactive power, respectively Communication coefficient of quadratic control; P k * and
Figure BDA0003655561310000046
Represents the per-unit value of active power and reactive power output by the k-th distributed power source obtained by communication;

步骤4)，根据式(3)确定直流微源控制方式，所述直流微源采用下垂特性的一次控制策略来支撑直流子网直流电压，分布式二次控制通过相邻分布式电源的功率信息调节状态变量ζj以实现直流子网的直流电压恢复以及功率均分；其中，所述功率均分具体指有功功率在全网分布式电源中根据其容量进行比例分配；Step 4), according to the formula (3) to determine the DC micro-source control mode, the DC micro-source adopts the primary control strategy of droop characteristic to support the DC voltage of the DC sub-network, and the distributed secondary control passes the power information of the adjacent distributed power sources. Adjusting the state variable ζ j to achieve DC voltage recovery and power sharing of the DC sub-network; wherein, the power sharing specifically refers to the proportional allocation of active power in the entire network of distributed power sources according to its capacity;

Figure BDA0003655561310000047
Figure BDA0003655561310000047

式中，udcj为第j个直流微源的输出直流电压；Udcref为输出直流电压参考值；ndc表示有功-直流电压下垂控制系数；

Figure BDA0003655561310000051
表示第j个直流微源输出的有功功率标幺值；
Figure BDA0003655561310000052
表示第j个直流微源输出的有功功率参考值；ζj表示有功二次控制的状态变量；òj为分布式二次控制的控制参数；γj为直流电压恢复系数；cjk表示有功二次控制的通信系数；Pk *表示通信获取的第k个分布式电源输出的有功功率标幺值；In the formula, u dcj is the output DC voltage of the jth DC micro-source; U dcref is the output DC voltage reference value; n dc is the active-DC voltage droop control coefficient;
Figure BDA0003655561310000051
Represents the per-unit value of active power output by the jth DC micro-source;
Figure BDA0003655561310000052
Represents the active power reference value of the jth DC micro-source output; ζ j represents the state variable of the active secondary control; ò j is the control parameter of the distributed secondary control; γ j is the DC voltage recovery coefficient; c jk represents the active secondary control The communication coefficient of the secondary control; P k * represents the active power per unit value of the output of the kth distributed power source obtained by communication;

步骤5)，根据式(4)确定互联变流器控制方式，所述互联变流器分别依靠本地交直流信息协同参与有功和无功二次控制，其具体内容包括：在有功二次控制中，所述互联变流器d轴上采取定直流电压控制，仅依靠直流侧本地信息调节交流子网和直流子网间的有功功率流动，当交流子网承当更多负荷时，互联变流器将有功功率由直流子网向交流子网传输，反之亦然；在无功二次控制中，所述互联变流器在q轴上采取无功-电压下垂控制，仅依靠交流侧本地信息参与交流子网的无功功率支撑，当交流子网电压下降时，互联变流器输出无功功率支撑交流电压，反之则吸收无功功率以降低交流电压；Step 5), according to formula (4) to determine the control mode of the interconnected converters, the interconnected converters rely on the local AC and DC information to participate in the active power and reactive power secondary control respectively, and the specific content includes: in the active power secondary control , the d-axis of the interconnected converter adopts constant DC voltage control, and only relies on the local information on the DC side to adjust the active power flow between the AC sub-network and the DC sub-network. When the AC sub-network bears more loads, the interconnected converters The active power is transmitted from the DC sub-network to the AC sub-network, and vice versa; in the secondary reactive power control, the interconnected converter adopts reactive power-voltage droop control on the q-axis, and only relies on the local information on the AC side to participate The reactive power support of the AC sub-network, when the voltage of the AC sub-network drops, the interconnected converter outputs reactive power to support the AC voltage, otherwise it absorbs the reactive power to reduce the AC voltage;

Figure BDA0003655561310000053
Figure BDA0003655561310000053

式中，

Figure BDA0003655561310000054
是互联变流器直流侧输出电压；
Figure BDA0003655561310000055
是互联变流器直流侧额定电压；
Figure BDA0003655561310000056
是互联变流器无功输出参考值；
Figure BDA0003655561310000057
代表互联变流器发出无功功率；nic是无功支撑下垂控制系数；
Figure BDA0003655561310000058
是交流电压有效值均值；
Figure BDA0003655561310000059
是互联变流器交流侧额定电压。In the formula,
Figure BDA0003655561310000054
is the DC side output voltage of the interconnected converter;
Figure BDA0003655561310000055
is the rated voltage of the DC side of the interconnecting converter;
Figure BDA0003655561310000056
is the reference value of the reactive output of the interconnected converter;
Figure BDA0003655561310000057
Represents the reactive power emitted by the interconnected converter; nic is the reactive power support droop control coefficient;
Figure BDA0003655561310000058
is the mean value of the RMS value of the AC voltage;
Figure BDA0003655561310000059
is the rated voltage of the AC side of the interconnecting converter.

与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1)在实现上述技术目的基础上，简化了通信网络拓扑结构，互联变流器与分布式电源间无需通信，优化了即插即用功能，提高供电可靠性的同时降低了运行成本；1) On the basis of realizing the above technical purposes, the communication network topology structure is simplified, and there is no need for communication between the interconnected converter and the distributed power source, the plug-and-play function is optimized, and the power supply reliability is improved while reducing the operating cost;

2)互联变流器同时参与有功和无功二次控制，在调节两侧子网有功功率流动的同时，也参与交流侧无功功率调节，充分利用互联变流器剩余容量，加强两侧子网相互支撑能力，提高了交直流混合微电网系统鲁棒性。2) The interconnected converter participates in active and reactive secondary control at the same time. While regulating the active power flow of the two sub-networks, it also participates in the regulation of the AC side reactive power, making full use of the remaining capacity of the interconnected converter and strengthening the The ability of the grid to support each other improves the robustness of the AC-DC hybrid microgrid system.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明方法流程图；Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method of the present invention;

图2为交直流混合微电网系统通信网络结构图；Fig. 2 is the communication network structure diagram of the AC-DC hybrid microgrid system;

图3为全网分布式电源控制框图；Figure 3 is a block diagram of the whole network distributed power control;

图4为互联变流器控制框图；Fig. 4 is the control block diagram of the interconnected converter;

图5(a)为交流负荷变化时分布式电源的有功功率曲线图；Figure 5(a) is the active power curve diagram of the distributed power generation when the AC load changes;

图5(b)为交流负荷变化时互联变流器的有功功率曲线图；Figure 5(b) is the active power curve of the interconnected converters when the AC load changes;

图6(a)为直流负荷变化时分布式电源的有功功率曲线图；Figure 6(a) is the active power curve of the distributed power generation when the DC load changes;

图6(b)为直流负荷变化时互联变流器的有功功率曲线图；Figure 6(b) is the active power curve of the interconnected converters when the DC load changes;

图7(a)为无功负荷变化时分布式电源的无功功率曲线图；Figure 7(a) is the reactive power curve diagram of the distributed power generation when the reactive load changes;

图7(b)为无功负荷变化时互联变流器的无功功率曲线图；Figure 7(b) is the reactive power curve of the interconnected converters when the reactive load changes;

图8为发生单点通信失效故障时的功率曲线图；Fig. 8 is a power curve diagram when a single-point communication failure fault occurs;

图9为验证分布式电源即插即用功能时的功率曲线图。Figure 9 is a power curve diagram for verifying the plug-and-play function of the distributed power supply.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为使本发明的技术方案更加清楚完整，以下结合附图及实施案例对本发明进行详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施案例仅用于解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention clearer and more complete, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and implementation cases. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

具体实施案例流程如附图1所示，步骤如下：The specific implementation case process is shown in Figure 1, and the steps are as follows:

步骤1)，建立交直流混合微电网系统，其结构如附图2所示；获取交直流混合微电网结构参数以及并网换流器额定参数，参数如表1所示。如图2所示，交直流混合微电网系统由交流子网、直流子网、互联变流器以及稀疏通信网络组成；其中，所述互联变流器连接交流子网和直流子网，所述交流子网内部接有交流型分布式电源与负荷，所述直流子网内部接有直流型分布式电源与负荷；所述稀疏通信网络由全网分布式电源的二次控制器构成，互联变流器不参与通信，交流子网和直流子网内部节点进行邻间通信，交流子网和直流子网间至少存在一条通信链路，所述二次控制器负责采集与发送本地信息、接收邻居节点信息。Step 1), establish an AC-DC hybrid microgrid system, the structure of which is shown in Figure 2; obtain the AC-DC hybrid microgrid structure parameters and the rated parameters of the grid-connected converter, and the parameters are shown in Table 1. As shown in Fig. 2, the AC-DC hybrid microgrid system is composed of an AC sub-network, a DC sub-network, an interconnected converter and a sparse communication network; wherein, the interconnected converter is connected to the AC sub-network and the DC sub-network, and the The AC sub-network is internally connected with AC-type distributed power sources and loads, and the DC sub-network is internally connected with DC-type distributed power sources and loads; the sparse communication network is composed of secondary controllers of the entire network distributed power sources, interconnected The current device does not participate in the communication, and the internal nodes of the AC sub-network and the DC sub-network conduct inter-neighbor communication. There is at least one communication link between the AC sub-network and the DC sub-network. The secondary controller is responsible for collecting and sending local information and receiving neighbors. Node information.

表1微电网结构参数Table 1 Microgrid structural parameters

Figure BDA0003655561310000071
Figure BDA0003655561310000071

步骤2)，根据交直流混合微电网系统结构判断各分布式电源的邻近关系，确定交流子网和直流子网内部相邻分布式电源的通信网络结构以及交流子网和直流子网之间分布式电源的通信关系，通信网络拓扑结构如附图2所示。Step 2), according to the AC/DC hybrid microgrid system structure, determine the adjacent relationship of each distributed power source, determine the communication network structure of the adjacent distributed power sources in the AC sub-network and the DC sub-network, and the distribution between the AC sub-network and the DC sub-network. The communication relationship of the type power supply, the communication network topology is shown in Figure 2.

步骤3)，根据式(1)及式(2)确定交流微源控制方式，其控制框图如附图3所示。所述交流微源采用下垂特性的一次控制策略来支撑交流子网频率和电压，分布式二次控制通过相邻分布式电源的功率信息调节状态变量ψi和χi以实现交流子网的频率和电压恢复以及功率均分；其中，所述功率均分具体指有功功率在全网分布式电源中按容量进行分配、无功功率在交流子网分布式电源中根据容量进行比例分配；Step 3), according to formula (1) and formula (2) to determine the AC micro-source control mode, and its control block diagram is shown in FIG. 3 . The AC micro-source adopts the primary control strategy of droop characteristic to support the frequency and voltage of the AC sub-network, and the distributed secondary control adjusts the state variables ψ i and χ i through the power information of the adjacent distributed power sources to realize the frequency of the AC sub-network. and voltage recovery and power sharing; wherein, the power sharing specifically refers to the allocation of active power according to the capacity in the distributed power supply of the whole network, and the proportion of the reactive power in the distributed power supply of the AC sub-network according to the capacity;

Figure BDA0003655561310000081
Figure BDA0003655561310000081

Figure BDA0003655561310000082
Figure BDA0003655561310000082

式中，ωi与ui分别为第i个交流微源的输出频率与输出电压；ωref与Uref分别为输出频率与输出电压的参考值；np与nq分别表示有功-频率和无功-电压下垂控制系数；Pi *与

Figure BDA0003655561310000083
分别表示第i个交流微源输出有功功率和无功功率的标幺值；
Figure BDA0003655561310000084
与
Figure BDA0003655561310000085
分别表示第i个交流微源输出有功功率和无功功率的参考值；ψi和χi分别表示有功二次控制与无功二次控制的状态变量；τi和κi为分布式二次控制的控制参数；αi和βi分别为频率和电压恢复系数；Nac和Ndc分别表示全网交流微源和直流微源总数；aik和bik分别表示有功二次控制与无功二次控制的通信系数；Pk *与
Figure BDA0003655561310000086
表示通信获取的第k个分布式电源输出的有功功率和无功功率的标幺值；控制参数如表2所示。In the formula, ω i and u i are the output frequency and output voltage of the ith AC micro-source respectively; ω ref and U ref are the reference values of the output frequency and output voltage respectively; n p and n q represent the active-frequency and Reactive power-voltage droop control coefficient; P i * and
Figure BDA0003655561310000083
respectively represent the per-unit values of active power and reactive power output by the i-th AC micro-source;
Figure BDA0003655561310000084
and
Figure BDA0003655561310000085
respectively represent the reference values of active power and reactive power output by the i-th AC micro-source; ψ i and χ i represent the state variables of active secondary control and reactive secondary control, respectively; τ i and κ i are distributed secondary control Control parameters for control; α i and β i are the frequency and voltage recovery coefficients, respectively; N ac and N dc represent the total number of AC micro-sources and DC micro-sources in the whole network, respectively; a ik and bi ik represent active secondary control and reactive power, respectively Communication coefficient of quadratic control; P k * and
Figure BDA0003655561310000086
Represents the per-unit value of active power and reactive power output by the kth distributed power source obtained by communication; the control parameters are shown in Table 2.

表2微电网控制参数Table 2 Microgrid control parameters

Figure BDA0003655561310000087
Figure BDA0003655561310000087

Figure BDA0003655561310000091
Figure BDA0003655561310000091

步骤4)，根据式(3)确定直流微源控制方式，其控制框图如附图3所示。所述直流微源采用下垂特性的一次控制策略来支撑直流子网直流电压，分布式二次控制通过相邻分布式电源的功率信息调节状态变量ζj以实现直流子网的直流电压恢复以及功率均分；其中，所述功率均分具体指有功功率在全网分布式电源中根据其容量进行比例分配；Step 4), determine the DC micro-source control mode according to formula (3), and its control block diagram is shown in FIG. 3 . The DC micro-source adopts a primary control strategy with droop characteristics to support the DC voltage of the DC sub-network, and the distributed secondary control adjusts the state variable ζ j through the power information of the adjacent distributed power sources to realize the DC voltage recovery and power recovery of the DC sub-network. Equal distribution; wherein, the power equalization specifically refers to the proportional distribution of active power according to its capacity in the distributed power supply of the whole network;

Figure BDA0003655561310000092
Figure BDA0003655561310000092

式中，udcj为第j个直流微源的输出直流电压；Udcref为输出直流电压参考值；ndc表示有功-直流电压下垂控制系数；

Figure BDA0003655561310000093
表示第j个直流微源输出的有功功率标幺值；
Figure BDA0003655561310000094
表示第j个直流微源输出的有功功率参考值；ζj表示有功二次控制的状态变量；òj为分布式二次控制的控制参数；γj为直流电压恢复系数；cjk表示有功二次控制的通信系数；Pk *表示通信获取的第k个分布式电源输出的有功功率标幺值；控制参数如表2所示。In the formula, u dcj is the output DC voltage of the jth DC micro-source; U dcref is the output DC voltage reference value; n dc is the active-DC voltage droop control coefficient;
Figure BDA0003655561310000093
Represents the per-unit value of active power output by the jth DC micro-source;
Figure BDA0003655561310000094
Represents the active power reference value of the jth DC micro-source output; ζ j represents the state variable of the active secondary control; ò j is the control parameter of the distributed secondary control; γ j is the DC voltage recovery coefficient; c jk represents the active secondary control The communication coefficient of the secondary control; P k * represents the per-unit value of active power output by the k-th distributed power source obtained by communication; the control parameters are shown in Table 2.

步骤5)，根据式(4)确定互联变流器控制方式，其控制框图如附图4所示。所述互联变流器分别依靠本地交直流信息协同参与有功和无功二次控制，其具体内容包括：在有功二次控制中，所述互联变流器d轴上采取定直流电压控制，仅依靠直流侧本地信息调节交流子网和直流子网间的有功功率流动，当交流子网承当更多负荷时，互联变流器将有功功率由直流子网向交流子网传输，反之亦然；在无功二次控制中，所述互联变流器在q轴上采取无功-电压下垂控制，仅依靠交流侧本地信息参与交流子网的无功功率支撑，当交流子网电压下降时，互联变流器输出无功功率支撑交流电压，反之则吸收无功功率以降低交流电压；Step 5), determine the control mode of the interconnected converter according to the formula (4), and its control block diagram is shown in FIG. 4 . The interconnected converters rely on local AC and DC information to cooperate in active and reactive secondary control respectively. The specific contents include: in the active secondary control, the d-axis of the interconnected converter adopts constant DC voltage control, and only Relying on the local information on the DC side to adjust the active power flow between the AC sub-network and the DC sub-network, when the AC sub-network bears more loads, the interconnected converters transmit the active power from the DC sub-network to the AC sub-network, and vice versa; In the reactive power secondary control, the interconnected converter adopts reactive power-voltage droop control on the q-axis, and only relies on the local information on the AC side to participate in the reactive power support of the AC sub-network. When the voltage of the AC sub-network drops, The output reactive power of the interconnected converter supports the AC voltage, otherwise it absorbs the reactive power to reduce the AC voltage;

Figure BDA0003655561310000101
Figure BDA0003655561310000101

式中，

Figure BDA0003655561310000102
是互联变流器直流侧输出电压；
Figure BDA0003655561310000103
是互联变流器直流侧额定电压；
Figure BDA0003655561310000104
是互联变流器无功输出参考值；
Figure BDA0003655561310000105
代表互联变流器发出无功功率；nic是无功支撑下垂控制系数；
Figure BDA0003655561310000106
是交流电压有效值均值；
Figure BDA0003655561310000107
是互联变流器交流侧额定电压。控制参数如表2所示。In the formula,
Figure BDA0003655561310000102
is the DC side output voltage of the interconnected converter;
Figure BDA0003655561310000103
is the rated voltage of the DC side of the interconnecting converter;
Figure BDA0003655561310000104
is the reference value of the reactive output of the interconnected converter;
Figure BDA0003655561310000105
Represents the reactive power emitted by the interconnected converter; nic is the reactive power support droop control coefficient;
Figure BDA0003655561310000106
is the mean value of the RMS value of the AC voltage;
Figure BDA0003655561310000107
is the rated voltage of the AC side of the interconnecting converter. The control parameters are shown in Table 2.

该实施案例验证了不同工况下所述控制策略的可行性：This implementation case verifies the feasibility of the described control strategy under different operating conditions:

图5(a)为交流负荷变化时分布式电源的有功功率曲线图，图5(b)为交流负荷变化时互联变流器的有功功率曲线图。由图可见，在采取本发明控制策略后，三台分布式电源实现了有功功率均分，并在后续交流侧负荷增加与减小时，能快速的协调恢复功率均分状态。而互联变流器可以根据本地信息随负荷动态调整有功功率，具体表现为，交流负荷增加时，增大直流侧向交流侧传输功率，或表现为减小交流侧向直流侧传输功率，反之亦然，从而协助分布式电源完成功率均分。Figure 5(a) is the active power curve diagram of the distributed power generation when the AC load changes, and Figure 5(b) is the active power curve diagram of the interconnected converters when the AC load changes. It can be seen from the figure that after adopting the control strategy of the present invention, the three distributed power sources realize the active power sharing, and can quickly coordinate and restore the power sharing state when the AC side load increases and decreases subsequently. The interconnected converter can dynamically adjust the active power with the load according to the local information. The specific performance is that when the AC load increases, the transmission power from the DC side to the AC side is increased, or the transmission power from the AC side to the DC side is reduced, and vice versa. Of course, so as to assist the distributed power generation to complete the power sharing.

图6(a)为直流负荷变化时分布式电源的有功功率曲线图，图6(b)为直流负荷变化时互联变流器的有功功率曲线图。由图可见，在直流负荷增加或减小时，本发明控制策略仍能确保分布式电源处于功率均分状态。与交流负荷变化时不同，由于互联变流器在该过程中使用定直流电压控制，依靠的是直流侧信息，因此直流负荷变化时，其功率支撑动作更快，但仍能在后续控制中保持稳定，并随负荷动态调整有功功率。Figure 6(a) is the active power curve diagram of the distributed power generation when the DC load changes, and Figure 6(b) is the active power curve diagram of the interconnected converters when the DC load changes. It can be seen from the figure that when the DC load increases or decreases, the control strategy of the present invention can still ensure that the distributed power source is in a power sharing state. Different from when the AC load changes, because the interconnected converter uses constant DC voltage control in this process and relies on the DC side information, when the DC load changes, its power support action is faster, but it can still be maintained in the subsequent control. It is stable and dynamically adjusts the active power with the load.

图7(a)为无功负荷变化时分布式电源的无功功率曲线图，图7(b)为无功负荷变化时互联变流器的无功功率曲线图。由图可见，在无功负荷增加或减小时，该策略仍能确保交流微源保持无功功率均分。此外，互联变流器也会根据本地交流侧信息动态调整无功功率，具体表现为，当交流侧无功负荷增加导致电压下降时，互联变流器输出无功功率支撑交流电压，反之亦然。Figure 7(a) is the reactive power curve diagram of the distributed power generation when the reactive load changes, and Figure 7(b) is the reactive power curve diagram of the interconnected converters when the reactive load changes. It can be seen from the figure that when the reactive load increases or decreases, the strategy can still ensure that the AC micro-source maintains an equal share of reactive power. In addition, the interconnected converters will also dynamically adjust the reactive power according to the local AC side information. Specifically, when the AC side reactive load increases and the voltage drops, the interconnected converters output reactive power to support the AC voltage, and vice versa. .

图8为发生单点通信失效故障时的功率曲线图，由图可见，采用本发明控制策略，三台分布式电源完成功率均分后，切断DG2通信模拟通信失效故障，随后增大负荷，可见其余两台分布式电源仍能实现功率均分状态，而DG2由于无信息交互，仅能维持一次下垂控制，但在后续通信恢复之后仍可继续参与功率均分。该实施案例说明小面积通信故障并不会影响控制系统的稳定性。Figure 8 is a power curve diagram when a single-point communication failure occurs. It can be seen from the figure that using the control strategy of the present invention, after the three distributed power sources complete the power sharing, the DG2 communication is cut off to simulate the communication failure, and then the load is increased. It can be seen that The other two distributed power sources can still achieve the power sharing state, while DG2 can only maintain the droop control once due to no information exchange, but can continue to participate in the power sharing after the subsequent communication is restored. This implementation case shows that the small area communication failure will not affect the stability of the control system.

图9为分布式电源即插即用功率曲线图，由图可见，t＝10s时，切除DG2并断开通信，其余两台分布式电源仍能保持功率均分；t＝35s时，并入DG2，此时仅依靠下垂控制输出功率；t＝45s时，DG2接入通信网络，从而实现功率均分。该实施案例体现了本发明控制策略能满足分布式电源即插即用功能，投入切除较为灵活，且过程中仍能确保系统稳定，具有较好的供电可靠性和系统鲁棒性。Figure 9 is the plug-and-play power curve of the distributed power supply. It can be seen from the figure that when t=10s, the DG2 is cut off and the communication is disconnected, and the remaining two distributed power supplies can still keep the power evenly divided; when t=35s, the DG2, at this time, only relies on the droop to control the output power; when t=45s, DG2 accesses the communication network, so as to achieve power equalization. This implementation case shows that the control strategy of the present invention can meet the plug-and-play function of distributed power supply, and the input cut-off is more flexible, and the system can still be stable during the process, and has better power supply reliability and system robustness.

以上结合附图详细说明了本发明的技术方案，但并非对本发明保护范围的限制。在本发明的技术方案的基础上，本领域技术人员不需要付出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本发明的保护范围以内。The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. On the basis of the technical solutions of the present invention, various modifications or deformations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative work still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. An alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid distributed secondary control method based on dynamic consistency is characterized in that: the dynamic consistency theory is introduced into secondary control of the alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid system, the interconnection converter regulates power flow on two sides of the alternating current sub-grid and the direct current sub-grid through local information, reactive power support is provided for the alternating current sub-grid, the distributed power supply is subjected to secondary control through the sparse communication network, and the interconnection converter and the distributed power supply are cooperatively controlled to achieve power sharing of the whole-grid distributed power supply.
2. The alternating current-direct current hybrid microgrid distributed secondary control method based on dynamic consistency of claim 1 is characterized in that: the alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid system consists of an alternating current sub-network, a direct current sub-network, an interconnection converter and a sparse communication network; the interconnection converter is connected with an alternating current sub-network and a direct current sub-network, an alternating current type distributed power supply and a load are connected inside the alternating current sub-network, and a direct current type distributed power supply and a load are connected inside the direct current sub-network; the sparse communication network is composed of secondary controllers of a whole-network distributed power supply, the interconnected converters do not participate in communication, nodes in the alternating current sub-network and the direct current sub-network are in adjacent communication, at least one communication link exists between the alternating current sub-network and the direct current sub-network, and the secondary controllers are responsible for collecting and sending local information and receiving adjacent node information.
3. The method for distributed quadratic control based on the hybrid AC/DC microgrid of claim 1, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
step 1), establishing an alternating current and direct current hybrid micro-grid system, and acquiring structural parameters of the alternating current and direct current hybrid micro-grid and rated parameters of each distributed power supply and an interconnection converter;
step 2), judging the proximity relation of each distributed power supply according to the structure of the alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid system, and determining the communication network structures of the adjacent distributed power supplies in the alternating current sub-network and the direct current sub-network and the communication relation of the distributed power supplies between the alternating current sub-network and the direct current sub-network;
and 3) determining an alternating current micro-source control mode according to the formula (1) and the formula (2), wherein the alternating current micro-source adopts a primary control strategy with droop characteristics to support the frequency and the voltage of an alternating current sub-network, and the distributed secondary control adjusts the state variable psi through the power information of the adjacent distributed power supplies i Hexix- i So as to realize the frequency and voltage recovery and power equalization of the AC sub-network; the power sharing specifically refers to that active power is distributed in the whole-network distributed power supply according to capacity, and reactive power is distributed in the alternating-current sub-network distributed power supply according to the proportion of the capacity;
Figure FDA0003655561300000021
Figure FDA0003655561300000022
in the formula, ω i And u i The output frequency and the output voltage of the ith alternating current micro source are respectively; omega ref And U ref Reference values of the output frequency and the output voltage respectively; n is p And n q Respectively representing active-frequency and reactive-voltage droop control coefficients; p i * And
Figure FDA0003655561300000023
respectively representing the per unit value of the i-th AC micro source to output active power and reactive power；
Figure FDA0003655561300000024
And
Figure FDA0003655561300000025
respectively representing the reference values of the active power and the reactive power output by the ith alternating current micro source; psi i Hexix- i Respectively representing state variables of active secondary control and reactive secondary control; tau is i And kappa i Control parameters for distributed secondary control; alpha is alpha i And beta i Frequency and voltage recovery coefficients, respectively; n is a radical of ac And N dc Respectively representing the total number of the AC micro sources and the DC micro sources of the whole network; a is ik And b ik Respectively representing communication coefficients of active secondary control and reactive secondary control; p k * And
Figure FDA0003655561300000026
the per unit value of active power and reactive power output by the kth distributed power supply obtained by communication is represented;
and 4) determining a direct current micro-source control mode according to the formula (3), wherein the direct current micro-source supports direct current voltage of a direct current sub-network by adopting a primary control strategy with droop characteristics, and the distributed secondary control regulates a state variable zeta through power information of adjacent distributed power supplies j So as to realize the direct voltage recovery and the power equipartition of the direct current sub-network; the power sharing specifically refers to that active power is proportionally distributed in the whole network distributed power supply according to the capacity of the power;
Figure FDA0003655561300000031
in the formula u dcj The output direct current voltage of the jth direct current micro source; u shape dcref To output a DC voltage reference; n is dc Representing an active-direct current voltage droop control coefficient;
Figure FDA0003655561300000032
expressing the unit value of the active power output by the jth direct current micro source;
Figure FDA0003655561300000033
the active power reference value of the jth direct current micro source output is represented; zeta j State variables representing active secondary control; oa j Control parameters for distributed secondary control; gamma ray j Restoring the coefficient for the direct current voltage; c. C jk A communication coefficient representing active secondary control; p k * Representing an active power per unit value output by the kth distributed power supply obtained by communication;
and 5), determining a control mode of the interconnected converter according to the formula (4), wherein the interconnected converter participates in active and reactive secondary control in a cooperative manner by depending on local alternating current and direct current information, and the specific content comprises the following steps: in active secondary control, a shaft d of the interconnected converter is controlled by constant direct-current voltage, the flow of active power between the alternating-current sub-network and the direct-current sub-network is regulated only by local information at a direct-current side, and when the alternating-current sub-network bears more loads, the interconnected converter transmits the active power from the direct-current sub-network to the alternating-current sub-network, and vice versa; in reactive secondary control, the interconnected converter adopts reactive-voltage droop control on a q axis, only depends on local information on an alternating current side to participate in reactive power support of the alternating current sub-network, when the voltage of the alternating current sub-network is reduced, the interconnected converter outputs reactive power to support alternating current voltage, otherwise, the interconnected converter absorbs the reactive power to reduce the alternating current voltage;
Figure FDA0003655561300000034
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0003655561300000035
the output voltage of the direct current side of the interconnected converter;
Figure FDA0003655561300000036
the rated voltage of the direct current side of the interconnected converter;
Figure FDA0003655561300000037
is a reactive output reference value of the interconnected converters;
Figure FDA0003655561300000038
the interconnected converters send out reactive power; n is ic Is the reactive support droop control coefficient;
Figure FDA0003655561300000039
is the mean value of the effective values of the alternating voltage;
Figure FDA00036555613000000310
is the rated voltage of the alternating current side of the interconnected converter.
CN202210552852.6A 2022-05-21 2022-05-21 Alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid distributed secondary control method based on dynamic consistency Pending CN114884115A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116247734A (en) * 2023-05-11 2023-06-09 南方电网数字电网研究院有限公司 Distributed consistency power control method for edge-side weak communication environment
CN118589463A (en) * 2024-04-24 2024-09-03 东南大学 A coordinated operation control method for AC/DC hybrid microgrid based on intelligent algorithm

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116247734A (en) * 2023-05-11 2023-06-09 南方电网数字电网研究院有限公司 Distributed consistency power control method for edge-side weak communication environment
CN116247734B (en) * 2023-05-11 2024-03-12 南方电网数字电网研究院股份有限公司 Distributed consistency power control method for edge-side weak communication environment
CN118589463A (en) * 2024-04-24 2024-09-03 东南大学 A coordinated operation control method for AC/DC hybrid microgrid based on intelligent algorithm
CN118589463B (en) * 2024-04-24 2025-03-25 东南大学 A coordinated operation control method for AC/DC hybrid microgrid based on intelligent algorithm

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