CN114880965A - CFD-based method for calibrating spraying characteristics of fuel injector of direct injection gasoline engine - Google Patents
CFD-based method for calibrating spraying characteristics of fuel injector of direct injection gasoline engine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a CFD-based method for calibrating the spraying characteristics of a fuel injector of a direct injection gasoline engine.A fuel injector spraying characteristic and real parameter experimental data corresponding to relevant parameters are obtained through a constant volume bomb spraying test experiment; establishing a constant volume bomb three-dimensional model through CFD analysis software, and carrying out meshing on the constant volume bomb model; inputting working condition parameters in the constant volume elastic grid model according to different spraying working conditions; and carrying out simulation calculation in a constant volume bomb grid model, and calibrating the spraying characteristic of the oil sprayer by comparing the spraying information of the oil sprayer. According to the invention, a set of comparison data is obtained through a constant volume bomb experiment, a CFD software constant volume bomb grid model is used, working condition parameters are input to simulate an actual environment, simulation is carried out under the grid model, and a set of data information capable of truly simulating an actual spraying process is quickly found through comparison of the experiment data, so that the research cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of a method for calibrating the spraying characteristic of an oil sprayer, in particular to a method for calibrating the spraying characteristic of an oil sprayer of a direct injection gasoline engine based on CFD.
Background
The CFD numerical simulation analysis technology can simulate an ideal and complex experimental process, is low in analysis cost, has high application value in engineering, and is an important application in the automobile research and development industry.
The traditional automobile bench test method has great limitations in analyzing the formation process of spraying and mixed gas in an engine cylinder, the combustion process in the cylinder, gas flow and the like, has long research and development period and high cost, and is not beneficial to understanding the spraying process of the gasoline engine.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the limitation of the traditional automobile bench test method in the prior art, reduce the research cost and understand the spraying process of the engine, thereby providing a CFD-based method for calibrating the spraying characteristic of the fuel injector of the direct injection gasoline engine.
A CFD-based method for calibrating the spraying characteristics of an in-cylinder direct injection gasoline engine fuel injector comprises the following steps:
firstly, acquiring spray characteristics of an oil sprayer and actual parameter experimental data corresponding to relevant parameters through a constant volume bomb spray test experiment;
secondly, establishing a constant volume bomb three-dimensional model through CFD analysis software, and meshing the constant volume bomb model;
thirdly, respectively inputting corresponding initial working condition parameters in the constant volume bomb grid model according to different spraying working conditions;
the fourth step, preferentially selecting the first spray initial form parameter, carrying out simulation calculation through a constant volume bomb grid model according to different real parameter values, comparing the spray characteristics and the related data obtained by the experiment according to the spray characteristics and the related data obtained by the simulation calculation, and selecting the real parameter value with the closest comparison result as the real parameter value calibrated by the first spray initial form parameter;
the fifth step: after the corresponding actual parameter of the first spray initial parameter is calibrated, the actual parameter is used as the known condition for calibrating the actual parameter corresponding to the next spray initial parameter, and the actual parameter values of the second and subsequent actual parameters are calibrated by the same method; when the actual parameters of all the initial spray parameters are calibrated, acquiring a group of actual parameters corresponding to the optimal initial spray parameters;
and a sixth step: and adjusting the spray model by using a group of optimal spray initial parameters to obtain the spray characteristics and related simulation data in the spray model, setting an approaching standard to judge whether the simulation data is close to the experimental data, if so, indicating that the calibration of the spray characteristics is successful, and if not, re-executing the third step to the sixth step.
Preferably, in the first step, the spray characteristic parameters of the oil sprayer comprise spray penetration distance, spray particle size and spray cone angle; the relevant parameters include the spray drop point and the spray form.
Preferably, in the third step, the initial operating condition parameters include initial ambient pressure, temperature, initial turbulence energy, initial turbulence dissipation ratio, initial fuel component concentration, and associated boundary conditions.
Preferably, in the fourth step,
the sequence of the initial spray parameters in turn is as follows: initial spraying speed, initial spraying particle size distribution factor, spraying evaporation speed coefficient, spraying air resistance coefficient and spraying crushing model.
Preferably, theInitial velocity v of the spray 0 Derived from the bernoulli equation, the formula is as follows:
where ρ is the liquid density, C d Is the jet orifice flow coefficient; Δ P is the difference between the injection pressure and the ambient pressure.
Preferably, when calibrating the initial spray particle size, the value of the initial spray particle size is less than or equal to the diameter of the spray hole;
when the initial particle size distribution factor of the spray is calibrated, the particle size distribution at the outlet is set as Rosin-Rammler distribution;
when the spray crushing model is calibrated, the spray crushing model adopts a KH-RT crushing model.
Preferably, the KH-RT crushing model comprises a KH model and an RT model, a crushing characteristic time constant C1 in the KH model and a crushing length coefficient Cb1 in the RT model need to be calibrated, different C1 and Cb1 real parameters are selected to be brought into the constant volume elastic mesh model for simulation calculation, and optimal crushing model parameters are obtained.
Has the advantages that: according to the invention, a group of comparison data is obtained through a constant volume bomb experiment, a CFD software constant volume bomb grid model is used, working condition parameters are input to simulate an actual environment, simulation is carried out under the grid model, a set of data information capable of truly simulating an actual spraying process is quickly found through comparing the experiment data, and the research cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of spray calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a constant volume bomb model according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a comparison of simulated and experimental spray penetration distances for an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing simulated and experimental spray particle sizes for examples of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing simulated and experimental spray patterns for an example of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. fixing the volume of the bomb; 2. and (5) spraying an oil bundle.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for calibrating a spray characteristic of an injector of a CFD-based direct injection gasoline engine includes the following steps:
firstly, obtaining the spraying characteristics of the oil sprayer and the real parameter experimental data corresponding to the relevant parameters through a constant volume bomb spraying test experiment.
The spray characteristic parameters of the oil sprayer comprise spray penetration distance, spray particle size and spray cone angle; the relevant parameters include the spray drop point and the spray form.
And secondly, establishing a constant volume bomb three-dimensional model through CFD analysis software, and meshing the constant volume bomb model.
The three-dimensional model of the constant volume bomb comprises a constant volume bomb 1 and a jet oil beam 2 as shown in figure 2.
The inner space of the constant volume bomb can be approximate to a cylinder, the height is 150mm in calculation, and the diameter of the bottom is 150 mm. If the calculation result shows that the spray wall collision phenomenon occurs, the height of the constant volume bomb or the diameter of the bottom can be properly increased.
And thirdly, respectively inputting corresponding initial working condition parameters in the constant volume bomb grid model according to different spraying working conditions.
The initial operating condition parameters include initial ambient pressure, temperature, initial turbulence energy, initial turbulence dissipation ratio, initial fuel component concentration, and associated boundary conditions.
And fourthly, preferentially selecting a first spray initial form parameter, carrying out simulation calculation through a constant volume bomb grid model according to different real parameter values, comparing the spray characteristics and the related data obtained by the experiment according to the spray characteristics and the related data obtained by the simulation calculation, and selecting the real parameter value with the closest comparison result as the real parameter value calibrated by the first spray initial form parameter.
Fifthly, calibrating the actual parameters of the second and subsequent parameters by the same method after the actual parameters corresponding to the first spray initial parameters are calibrated to serve as the known conditions for calibrating the actual parameters corresponding to the next spray initial parameters; and obtaining a group of actual parameters corresponding to the optimal spraying initial parameters after the actual parameters of all the spraying initial parameters are calibrated.
And sixthly, adjusting the spray model by using a group of optimal spray initial parameters to obtain the spray characteristics and related simulation data in the spray model, setting an approaching standard to judge whether the simulation data is close to the experimental data, if so, indicating that the spray characteristics are successfully calibrated, and if not, re-executing the third step to the sixth step.
The initial velocity of the spray is calibrated as shown in fig. 3-5 in comparison to the corresponding information in the injector spray information.
The initial velocity and initial particle size distribution of the spray after it exits the orifice determines the subsequent development of the spray, where the orifice exit velocity can be obtained from the Bernoulli equation and the initial velocity v of the spray 0 The experimental spray penetration distance and spray particle size need to be adjusted within the range:
where ρ is the liquid density, C d Is the jet orifice flow coefficient; Δ P is the difference between the injection pressure and the ambient pressure.
And taking the calibration initial speed as a known condition, bringing different spraying initial particle sizes into a constant volume elastic grid model for simulation calculation, obtaining simulation parameters, comparing the simulation parameters with corresponding information in the spraying information of the oil sprayer, and calibrating the spraying initial particle sizes. The value of the initial particle size of the spray is equal to the diameter of the spray hole.
And taking the calibrated initial particle size as a known condition, substituting different spraying initial particle size distribution factor values into the constant volume bomb grid model for simulation calculation to obtain simulation parameters, comparing the simulation parameters with corresponding information in the spraying information of the oil sprayer, and calibrating the spraying initial particle size distribution. The particle distribution at the outlet was set to Rosin-Rammler distribution.
And taking the calibrated initial particle size distribution as a known condition, bringing different evaporation rate coefficients into a constant volume bomb grid model for simulation calculation, obtaining simulation parameters, comparing the simulation parameters with corresponding information in the spray information of the oil sprayer, and calibrating the spray evaporation rate.
And taking the calibrated spray evaporation speed as a known condition, bringing different air resistance coefficients into a capacitance-fixed elastic grid model for simulation calculation, obtaining simulation parameters, comparing the simulation parameters with corresponding information in the spray information of the oil sprayer, and calibrating the air resistance coefficients.
And taking the calibrated air resistance coefficient as a known condition, adopting a KH-RT crushing model, carrying out simulation on different crushing characteristic time constants C1 and crushing length coefficients Cb1 to obtain simulation parameters, comparing the simulation parameters with corresponding information in the spray information of the oil sprayer, and calibrating the parameters of the crushing model.
The KH-RT crushing model comprises a KH model and an RT model, a crushing characteristic time constant C1 in the KH model and a crushing length coefficient Cb1 in the RT model need to be calibrated, different C1 and Cb1 actual parameters are selected to be brought into the constant volume elastic grid model for simulation calculation, and the optimal crushing model parameters are obtained.
The break-characteristic time constant C1 in the KH model and the break-length coefficient Cb1 in the RT model have a significant effect on the penetration distance and spray pattern. The main work of spray calibration is to adjust C1 and Cb1 to match penetration distance, spray form and test result in simulation result.
In the embodiment, based on the results of the spray image, the spray particle size SMD, the spray penetration distance and the like measured by the constant volume bomb spray experiment, a set of spray parameters capable of truly simulating the actual spray process is quickly found by adjusting related spray parameters in CFD software, and the test cost is reduced.
The engine fuel injector spraying is calibrated and analyzed through the CFD simulation technology, so that the spraying process of the engine can be better known by host factories at home and abroad, the combustion process of the engine can be better controlled, the power of the engine can be improved, the thermal efficiency of the engine can be improved, the emission of pollutants can be reduced, the development period of the engine can be shortened, the product design can be optimized, the development cost can be reduced, the comprehensive competitiveness of enterprises can be improved, and great economic benefits can be brought to the enterprises.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A CFD-based method for calibrating the spraying characteristics of an in-cylinder direct injection gasoline engine fuel injector is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, acquiring spray characteristics of an oil sprayer and actual parameter experimental data corresponding to relevant parameters through a constant volume bomb spray test experiment;
secondly, establishing a constant volume bomb three-dimensional model through CFD analysis software, and meshing the constant volume bomb model;
thirdly, respectively inputting corresponding initial working condition parameters in the constant volume bomb grid model according to different spraying working conditions;
the fourth step, preferentially selecting a first spray initial form parameter, carrying out simulation calculation through a constant volume bomb grid model according to different real parameter values, comparing spray characteristics and related data obtained by the experiment according to the spray characteristics and the related data obtained by the simulation calculation, and selecting a real parameter value with the closest comparison result as a real parameter value calibrated by the first spray initial form parameter;
fifthly, calibrating actual parameter values of a second and subsequent parameters by the same method after the actual parameters corresponding to the former spray initial parameters are calibrated and serving as the known conditions for calibrating the actual parameters corresponding to the latter spray initial parameters; when the actual parameters of all the spraying initial parameters are calibrated, obtaining a group of actual parameters corresponding to the optimal spraying initial parameters;
and sixthly, adjusting the spray model by using a group of optimal spray initial parameters to obtain the spray characteristics and related simulation data in the spray model, setting an approaching standard to judge whether the simulation data is close to the experimental data, if so, indicating that the spray characteristics are successfully calibrated, and if not, re-executing the third step to the sixth step.
2. The method for calibrating the spray characteristics of the fuel injector of the CFD-based direct injection gasoline engine according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the spray characteristics of the fuel injector comprise a spray penetration distance, a spray particle size and a spray cone angle; the relevant parameters include the spray drop point and the spray form.
3. The method for calibrating the spray characteristics of a CFD-based gasoline direct injection engine injector according to claim 2, wherein in the third step, the initial operating parameters include initial ambient pressure, temperature, initial turbulence energy, initial turbulence dissipation ratio, initial fuel constituent concentration and related boundary conditions.
4. The method for calibrating the spray characteristics of an injector of a CFD-based gasoline direct injection engine according to claim 3, wherein in the fourth step,
the sequence of the initial spray parameters in turn is as follows: initial spraying speed, initial spraying particle size, distribution factor of the initial spraying particle size, spray evaporation speed coefficient, spray air resistance coefficient and spray crushing model.
5. The method for calibrating the spray characteristics of a fuel injector of a CFD-based gasoline direct injection engine according to claim 4, wherein the initial spray velocity v is 0 Derived from the bernoulli equation, the formula is as follows:
where ρ is the liquid density, C d Is the jet orifice flow coefficient; Δ P is the difference between the injection pressure and the ambient pressure.
6. The method for calibrating the spray characteristics of an injector of a CFD-based gasoline direct injection engine according to claim 5,
when the initial spraying particle size is calibrated, the value of the initial spraying particle size is less than or equal to the diameter of the spray hole;
when the initial particle size distribution factor of the spray is calibrated, the particle size distribution at the outlet is set as Rosin-Rammler distribution;
when the spray crushing model is calibrated, the spray crushing model adopts a KH-RT crushing model.
7. The method for calibrating the spray characteristics of the fuel injector of the CFD-based gasoline direct injection engine according to claim 6, wherein the KH-RT fragmentation model comprises a KH model and an RT model, a fragmentation characteristic time constant C1 in the KH model and a fragmentation length coefficient Cb1 in the RT model need to be calibrated, and different C1 and Cb1 real parameters are selected to be brought into a constant volume elastic grid model for simulation calculation to obtain the optimal fragmentation model parameters.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105718691A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-29 | 柳州源创电喷技术有限公司 | Simulation platform number value simulation method of airway jet oil injector |
| CN111783253A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-16 | 华南农业大学 | CFD-based air-assisted sprayer structural parameter optimization design method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105718691A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-29 | 柳州源创电喷技术有限公司 | Simulation platform number value simulation method of airway jet oil injector |
| CN111783253A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-16 | 华南农业大学 | CFD-based air-assisted sprayer structural parameter optimization design method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 姚博炜,吕俊成,王森,徐宏昌,袁志远,李雪松,金隼: "基于数值模拟优化分析的某型汽油机发动机燃烧系统正向开发", 《汽车零部件》, no. 2022, 31 January 2022 (2022-01-31), pages 1 - 2 * |
| 徐德，谭民，李原编著: "机器人视觉测量与控制", 北京：国防工业出版社, pages: 371 - 373 * |
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Application publication date: 20220809 |