CN114879390B - A kind of nanowire structure color display screen and its production method - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及一种纳米线结构色彩色显示屏及其制作方法，属于显示屏技术领域。The invention relates to a nanowire structure color display screen and a manufacturing method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of display screens.
背景技术Background technique
纳米线是一种厚度在纳米范围内的材料。他们比现有的材料硬十倍，还极具弹性，致使他们可适应各种形状同时恢复原状。纳米线可以被定义为一种具有在横向上被限制在100纳米以下(纵向没有限制)的一维结构。悬置纳米线指纳米线在真空条件下末端被固定。典型的纳米线的纵横比在1000以上，因此它们通常被称为一维材料。根据组成材料的不同，纳米线可分为不同的类型，包括金纳米线，半导体纳米线和绝缘体纳米线。纳米线可以由悬置法、沉积法或者元素合成法制得。纳米线具有机械性能强，韧性好，导电性弱的特点。Nanowires are materials with thicknesses in the nanometer range. They are ten times harder than existing materials and extremely elastic, allowing them to adapt to various shapes and return to their original shape. A nanowire can be defined as a one-dimensional structure that is restricted to less than 100 nanometers in the lateral direction (no restrictions in the longitudinal direction). Suspended nanowires refer to nanowires whose ends are fixed under vacuum conditions. Typical nanowires have aspect ratios above 1,000, so they are often called one-dimensional materials. Depending on the constituent materials, nanowires can be divided into different types, including gold nanowires, semiconductor nanowires, and insulator nanowires. Nanowires can be produced by suspension, deposition or elemental synthesis. Nanowires have the characteristics of strong mechanical properties, good toughness and weak electrical conductivity.
目前，市面上主要的显示屏为液晶显示屏，同时液晶显示屏又主要分为LCD显示屏和LED显示屏。LCD液晶显示器的工作原理，在显示器内部有很多液晶粒子，它们有规律的排列成一定的形状，并且它们的每一面的颜色都不同分为：红色，绿色，蓝色。这三原色能还原成任意的其他颜色，当显示器收到电脑的显示数据的时候会控制每个液晶粒子转动到不同颜色的面，来组合成不同的颜色和图像。这也就导致了LCD液晶显示屏的色彩不够艳，可视角度不高，并会出现漏光的现象。而LED显示屏则是通过控制半导体发光二极管的显示方式，用来显示文字、图形、图像、动画、行情、视频、录像信号等各种信息的显示屏幕。然而由于发光二极管的工作时间不同，就会导致发光二极管的老化程度不同，从而会出现烧屏现象，使用寿命短。At present, the main display screen on the market is a liquid crystal display screen, and the liquid crystal display screen is mainly divided into an LCD display screen and an LED display screen. The working principle of an LCD display is that there are many liquid crystal particles inside the display, which are regularly arranged in a certain shape, and the colors on each side of them are different: red, green, and blue. These three primary colors can be restored to any other color. When the monitor receives the display data from the computer, it will control each liquid crystal particle to rotate to a different color surface to combine into different colors and images. This also results in the LCD screen not being bright enough, having a low viewing angle, and causing light leakage. The LED display screen is a display screen used to display text, graphics, images, animations, quotes, videos, video signals and other information by controlling the display mode of semiconductor light-emitting diodes. However, due to the different working hours of the light-emitting diodes, the aging degrees of the light-emitting diodes will be different, resulting in screen burn-in and short service life.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中的不足，提供一种纳米线结构色彩色显示屏及其制作方法，通过金纳米线中所填充的液体的高度差，从而引起谐振模式的变化来反射出不同颜色的光，从而实现屏幕的彩色显示，纳米线材料具有硬度高、弹性好的特点，延长使用寿命。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a nanowire structured color display screen and a manufacturing method thereof, which reflect the light through the height difference of the liquid filled in the gold nanowires, thereby causing changes in the resonance mode. Different colors of light are used to achieve color display on the screen. The nanowire material has the characteristics of high hardness and good elasticity, which prolongs the service life.
为达到上述目的，本发明是采用下述技术方案实现的：In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:
本发明提供了一种纳米线结构色彩色显示屏，包括由多个金纳米线封装组成的金纳米线阵列，多个所述金纳米线阵列分布于两个透明电极板之间，且每个金纳米线均与透明电极板相对垂直，每个所述金纳米线阵列内均填充液体，所述透明电极板上设置有与各金纳米线阵列相对应的电极，且每个金纳米线阵列内填充的液体高度随对应的电极电压调控而变化，使得每个金纳米线阵列内的谐振波长发生偏移，从而在光源照射下反射出不同颜色的光。The invention provides a nanowire structure color display screen, which includes a gold nanowire array composed of a plurality of gold nanowire packages, and a plurality of the gold nanowire arrays are distributed between two transparent electrode plates, and each The gold nanowires are relatively vertical to the transparent electrode plate, and each gold nanowire array is filled with liquid. The transparent electrode plate is provided with electrodes corresponding to each gold nanowire array, and each gold nanowire array is The height of the filled liquid changes with the corresponding electrode voltage regulation, causing the resonant wavelength in each gold nanowire array to shift, thus reflecting different colors of light under the light source.
进一步的，两个所述透明电极板分别为碳基柔性材料和玻璃片，所述金纳米线阵列的底部固定于碳基柔性材料上，且玻璃片覆盖于金纳米线阵列顶部，所述玻璃片接触金纳米线阵列的一面绝缘且另一面涂覆有导电材料。Further, the two transparent electrode plates are carbon-based flexible materials and glass sheets respectively. The bottom of the gold nanowire array is fixed on the carbon-based flexible material, and the glass sheet covers the top of the gold nanowire array. The glass One side of the sheet that contacts the gold nanowire array is insulated and the other side is coated with a conductive material.
进一步的，所述金纳米线通过模板法、激光烧蚀法、阳极氧化法或硅腐蚀法制备，直径为10nm-50nm。Further, the gold nanowires are prepared by template method, laser ablation method, anodizing method or silicon etching method, and have a diameter of 10nm-50nm.
进一步的，所述金纳米线阵列通过在透明石英或硅衬底上定向生长得到，其中，金纳米线阵列通过金属辅助化学刻蚀法制备，根据刻蚀时间来控制金纳米线的长度，并通过刻蚀的方法剥离金纳米线末端的金属。Further, the gold nanowire array is obtained by directional growth on a transparent quartz or silicon substrate, wherein the gold nanowire array is prepared by a metal-assisted chemical etching method, and the length of the gold nanowire is controlled according to the etching time, and The metal at the end of the gold nanowire is stripped off by etching.
进一步的，填充于所述金纳米线阵列内的液体为液晶。Further, the liquid filled in the gold nanowire array is liquid crystal.
进一步的，所述纳米线结构色彩色显示屏通过改变金纳米线阵列两端的电极电压，进而白光照射下反射出R、G、B色。Furthermore, the nanowire structure color display screen reflects R, G, and B colors under white light irradiation by changing the electrode voltage at both ends of the gold nanowire array.
第二方面，一种纳米线结构色彩色显示屏制作方法，包括：In the second aspect, a method for making a nanowire structure color display screen includes:
将显示屏均与分化为数个区域；Divide the display screen into several areas;
利用多孔阳极氧化铝模板法制备金纳米线；Preparation of gold nanowires using porous anodic aluminum oxide template method;
通过金属辅助化学刻蚀法制备金纳米线阵列；Preparation of gold nanowire arrays by metal-assisted chemical etching;
将剥离后的金纳米线阵列固定在碳基柔性材料上，在金纳米线阵列上方覆盖上一片玻璃片，使接触金纳米线阵列的玻璃片一面绝缘，在玻璃片另一面刷上一层导电物质使其导电；Fix the stripped gold nanowire array on a carbon-based flexible material, cover the gold nanowire array with a glass sheet to insulate one side of the glass sheet that contacts the gold nanowire array, and brush a conductive layer on the other side of the glass sheet A substance makes it conduct electricity;
在金纳米线阵列中填充液体，通过不同的电压差控制金纳米线阵列中的液体高度差引起谐振模式的变化，从而实现金纳米线阵列反射出不同颜色的光；Fill the gold nanowire array with liquid, and control the height difference of the liquid in the gold nanowire array through different voltage differences to cause changes in the resonance mode, so that the gold nanowire array can reflect light of different colors;
将金纳米线阵列依次排在均与分化的各个区域，根据显示图案的像素需求，通过调控不同金纳米线阵列的电压差反射出不同颜色的光。The gold nanowire arrays are arranged in each area of uniformity and differentiation in sequence, and different colors of light are reflected by regulating the voltage difference of different gold nanowire arrays according to the pixel requirements of the display pattern.
与现有技术相比，本发明所达到的有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:
本发明通过金纳米线中所填充的液体的高度差，从而引起谐振模式的变化来反射出不同颜色的光，从而实现屏幕的彩色显示，因此可以使显示屏的颜色更加鲜艳；由于是依靠电压差来控制金纳米线中液体的高度，因此本发明更加省电；由于生产纳米线的材料易得以及制造方法比较简单简单，因此造价将会更加便宜；纳米线材料具有硬度高、弹性好的特点，因此本发明的使用寿命将会更长；将金纳米线阵列固定在碳基柔性材料上，会是显示屏更加轻薄。The present invention uses the height difference of the liquid filled in the gold nanowires to cause changes in the resonance mode to reflect light of different colors, thereby realizing color display on the screen, thus making the color of the display screen more vivid; because it relies on voltage The difference is used to control the height of the liquid in the gold nanowire, so the present invention is more energy-saving; because the materials for producing nanowires are easy to obtain and the manufacturing method is relatively simple, the cost will be cheaper; the nanowire material has high hardness and good elasticity. Features, so the service life of the present invention will be longer; fixing the gold nanowire array on the carbon-based flexible material will make the display screen lighter and thinner.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例提供的将显示屏分化为不同区域的俯视图；Figure 1 is a top view of a display screen divided into different areas according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例提供的制备金纳米线的示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of preparing gold nanowires according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例提供的由相同直径金纳米线组成的阵列图；Figure 3 is an array diagram composed of gold nanowires of the same diameter provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明实施例提供的在金纳米线组成的阵列上覆盖一层玻璃片的示意图；Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an array composed of gold nanowires covered with a layer of glass sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图5是本发明实施例提供的在金纳米线阵列加入电压的示意图；Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of adding voltage to a gold nanowire array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图6是本发明实施例提供的在白光照射时的示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram when white light is irradiated according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, but cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
实施例：Example:
如图1-图6所示的纳米线结构色彩色显示屏，该显示屏通过如下方法制作：The nanowire structure color display screen shown in Figures 1 to 6 is produced by the following method:
在透明石英或硅衬底上定向生长金纳米线阵列，使金纳米线阵列位于两个电极板之间；在金纳米线中填充液体，液体可以是液晶或其他聚合物，在两个电极板加上电压差；通过电场调控金纳米线阵列中所填充的液体高度差异，从而引起纳米线阵列中的谐振波长偏移；当一束白光照射到上面时，通过不同的电压差造成的液体在金纳米线中的高度差引起谐振模式的变化从而反射不同颜色的光；根据显示屏尺寸大小以及像素需求设计电极密度，通过调控每一个电极上施加的电压，动态调控每一个像素的反射颜色，从而实现显示屏的彩色显示，可以获得超衍射极限显示分辨率；可以用于柔性基底，也可以用于透射显示颜色。Orientally grow a gold nanowire array on a transparent quartz or silicon substrate, so that the gold nanowire array is located between two electrode plates; fill the gold nanowires with liquid, which can be liquid crystal or other polymers, and place the gold nanowire array between the two electrode plates. Plus the voltage difference; the height difference of the liquid filled in the gold nanowire array is controlled by the electric field, thereby causing the resonant wavelength shift in the nanowire array; when a beam of white light shines on it, the liquid caused by the different voltage differences The height difference in the gold nanowires causes changes in the resonance mode to reflect different colors of light; the electrode density is designed according to the size of the display screen and the pixel requirements, and the reflected color of each pixel is dynamically controlled by regulating the voltage applied to each electrode. In this way, color display of the display screen can be achieved, and super-diffraction limit display resolution can be obtained; it can be used on flexible substrates and can also be used to display colors in transmission.
针对于该方法，本发明的具体制备步骤如下：For this method, the specific preparation steps of the present invention are as follows:
a)将显示屏均与分化为数个区域，如图1所示。a) Divide the display screen into several areas, as shown in Figure 1.
b)金纳米线可以通过模板法、激光烧蚀法、阳极氧化、硅腐蚀等多种方法制备，直径为10nm-50nm，本实施例利用AAO(多孔阳极氧化铝)模板法制备金纳米线，在室温条件下，将AAO模板浸泡于聚乙烯醇(PVA)、蒸馏水与HAuCl4的水溶液体系中，并用紫外光(大于290nm)作为诱导激发条件照射整个水溶液体系约5h，生成纳米线产物后，利用NaOH去除AAO模板后得到直径约20nm的金纳米线，如图2所示。b) Gold nanowires can be prepared by template method, laser ablation method, anodization, silicon etching and other methods, with a diameter of 10nm-50nm. In this example, AAO (porous anodic aluminum oxide) template method is used to prepare gold nanowires, At room temperature, the AAO template is soaked in an aqueous solution system of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), distilled water and HAuCl4, and ultraviolet light (greater than 290nm) is used as the induction excitation condition to irradiate the entire aqueous solution system for about 5 hours. After generating nanowire products, use After removing the AAO template with NaOH, gold nanowires with a diameter of about 20 nm were obtained, as shown in Figure 2.
c)通过金属辅助化学刻蚀法制备金纳米线阵列，根据刻蚀时间来控制金纳米线的长度，通过刻蚀的方法剥离金纳米线末端的金属，将剥离后的金纳米线阵列固定在碳基柔性材料上，如图3所示。c) Prepare gold nanowire arrays by metal-assisted chemical etching, control the length of the gold nanowires according to the etching time, peel off the metal at the ends of the gold nanowires by etching, and fix the stripped gold nanowire arrays on On carbon-based flexible materials, as shown in Figure 3.
d)在金纳米线组成的阵列上方覆盖上一片玻璃片，使接触金纳米线阵列的玻璃片一面绝缘，在玻璃片另一面刷上一层导电物质使其导电，如图4所示。d) Cover the array of gold nanowires with a glass sheet to insulate one side of the glass sheet that contacts the gold nanowire array, and brush a layer of conductive material on the other side of the glass sheet to make it conductive, as shown in Figure 4.
e)在金纳米线阵列中填充液体，通过不同的电压差控制金纳米线阵列中的液体高度差引起谐振模式的变化，从而实现金纳米线阵列反射出不同颜色的光，如图5所示。通过改变不同金纳米线阵列两端的电压，从而改变金纳米线内的液体高度，让其分别反射出R、G、B色，将一束白光照射在金纳米线阵列上，由于金纳米线中的液体高度差引起谐振模式的变化，将会反射出不同颜色的光。e) Fill the gold nanowire array with liquid, and control the liquid height difference in the gold nanowire array through different voltage differences to cause changes in the resonance mode, so that the gold nanowire array can reflect light of different colors, as shown in Figure 5 . By changing the voltage at both ends of different gold nanowire arrays, the height of the liquid in the gold nanowires is changed, allowing them to reflect R, G, and B colors respectively. A beam of white light is irradiated on the gold nanowire array. The difference in liquid height causes changes in the resonance mode, which will reflect light of different colors.
f)将金纳米线阵列依次排在均与分化的各个区域，根据显示图案的像素需求，通过调控不同金纳米线阵列的电压差，让其反射出不同颜色的光，从而达到彩色显示的效果，如图6所示。f) Arrange the gold nanowire arrays in each area of uniformity and differentiation. According to the pixel requirements of the display pattern, adjust the voltage difference of different gold nanowire arrays to reflect different colors of light, thereby achieving the effect of color display. ,As shown in Figure 6.
本发明未尽事宜为公知技术，上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。Matters not covered in the present invention are well known in the art. The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concepts and characteristics of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. This does not limit the scope of the present invention. protection scope of the invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made based on the spirit and essence of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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