CN114877627B

CN114877627B - Vacuum low-temperature drying device

Info

Publication number: CN114877627B
Application number: CN202210625879.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王君; 郭俊阳; 李爽
Original assignee: Iks Pvd Technology Shenyang Co ltd
Current assignee: Iks Pvd Technology Shenyang Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-02
Filing date: 2022-06-02
Publication date: 2023-12-05
Anticipated expiration: 2042-06-02
Also published as: CN114877627A

Abstract

The application provides a vacuum low-temperature drying device, which is used for drying grain materials such as corn, soybean, rice and the like at low temperature, and comprises: the drying tower comprises a drying tower body, a pretreatment chamber, a drying pipeline and a recovery chamber, and is used for drying grain materials; the lifting device is used for lifting the grain materials from the bottom of the lifting device to the drying tower; the control device comprises a vacuum pump set and a heating device and is used for carrying out vacuumizing and low-temperature drying operation on the drying pipeline. The vacuum low-temperature drying device is simple in structure, convenient to assemble and transport, capable of conducting continuous drying operation on grain crops in a large batch under vacuum and low-temperature environments, capable of guaranteeing original components, plant activity and nutrients in grain materials not to be damaged while improving drying quality, capable of saving energy and greatly improving economic benefits.

Description

Vacuum low-temperature drying device

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of grain drying equipment, in particular to a vacuum low-temperature drying device.

Background

The natural moisture of the newly harvested grains is generally 17% -40%, and the safe moisture of the stored grains is about 13%, so that the harvested grains are required to be dehydrated to reach the safe moisture value for storage.

The existing grain materials such as corn, soybean and rice are dried by natural air, one method is that the grain materials are dried primarily and then placed in a storage bin to wait for natural air drying, the drying mode needs long drying time, is not suitable for drying large quantities of grain materials, has poor economic benefit, and can solve the problems that the grain materials are unevenly dried and the water content cannot reach the drying storage standard in the drying process; in addition, because the air permeability of the grain materials is poor in natural air drying, the temperature of the core can be gradually increased to generate particles which do not meet the storage standard, such as mould particles, disease spot particles, worm-eaten particles, sprouted particles and the like.

The other is to adopt the existing dryer to dry by high-temperature strong wind, and the drying mode is to dry at high temperature, so that the temperature of a drying medium is required to be ensured at any time, and the energy waste is more and the economical efficiency is poor; meanwhile, the existing heating source is usually coal, and harmful substances generated after the coal is combusted pollute grain materials, so that the harmful substances in the grain materials are increased; the high-temperature drying mode can also lead to the occurrence of heat injury particles and drying heat injury particles in grain materials; in addition, taking corn as an example, under a high-temperature drying environment, fatty acid in the corn can be gradually increased along with the rise of temperature and the extension of drying time, the fatty acid in the corn cannot be stored, waste is caused, the high temperature can also cause corn pasting, and starch in the corn cannot be well stored at high temperature, so that the high-temperature drying method not only wastes energy, but also cannot ensure that original components, plant activity and nutrient substances in grain materials are not destroyed, and a series of problems of short storage time, incapacity of storage standard, incapacity of mass drying, poor economical efficiency and the like are caused.

Therefore, a new type of drying device needs to be designed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the application provides a vacuum low-temperature drying device, which effectively solves the problems that the existing drying method and the existing drying device cannot be used for drying a large quantity, the storage time of the dried grain materials is short, the storage standard cannot be met, the energy is wasted, the economical efficiency is poor and the like.

The application provides a vacuum low-temperature drying device which is used for drying grain materials such as corn, soybean and rice at low temperature, wherein the vacuum low-temperature drying device comprises a drying tower, a pretreatment chamber, a drying pipeline and a recovery chamber, the pretreatment chamber is arranged at the top of the drying tower, the recovery chamber is arranged at the bottom of the drying tower, the drying pipeline is communicated with the pretreatment chamber and the recovery chamber, the drying pipeline is of a multi-layer pipeline structure, and the multi-layer pipeline structure comprises a grain channel layer and a drying layer which are sequentially outwards along the radial direction from the central axis of the pipeline; the lifting device is communicated with the pretreatment chamber and is used for lifting the grain materials from the bottom of the lifting device to the drying tower; the control device comprises a vacuum pump set and a heating device, wherein the vacuum pump set is communicated with the grain channel layer, and the heating device is communicated with the drying layer.

Preferably, the drying pipeline is a detachable multi-section structure, and the multi-section structure comprises a plurality of vacuum drying areas and a plurality of detection areas, and one detection area is arranged between every two adjacent vacuum drying areas.

Preferably, the control device further comprises a water pump, and the heating device is communicated with the drying layer through the water pump; the vacuum pump sets are water ring pumps and Roots pumps, the number of the vacuum pump sets is multiple, the vacuum pump sets are in one-to-one correspondence with the vacuum drying areas, the vacuum pump sets are communicated with the vacuum drying areas through vacuum pipelines, and the vacuum pipelines are provided with recycling water recycling channels.

Preferably, the drying duct is formed as a spiral duct; the multilayer pipeline structure further comprises an insulation layer arranged on the outer peripheral side of the drying layer; the grain channel layer is provided with an auxiliary stirring isolation sheet.

Preferably, the pretreatment chamber comprises a heating chamber and a throwing chamber, the heating chamber is communicated with the lifting device, the heating chamber is provided with preheating pieces, the preheating pieces are communicated with the heating device, the number of the preheating pieces is multiple, and the preheating pieces are sequentially arranged at intervals from high to low; the heating chamber is communicated with the drying pipeline through the throwing chamber.

Preferably, a flow control valve and a stop valve are sequentially arranged between the throwing chamber and the drying pipeline.

Preferably, a flow control valve is provided between the recovery chamber and the drying duct, and the recovery chamber further includes a temperature detector and a weight detector provided at the bottom of the recovery chamber.

Preferably, the drying tower further comprises a detection device, wherein the detection device is arranged on the drying pipeline and comprises a temperature detector, a water content detector and a vacuum degree detector.

Preferably, the control device further comprises a sand rate device, a carbon filter, a softener, a reverse osmosis water purifier, a display screen, a water level meter, a water temperature meter and a water pressure meter, wherein the sand rate device, the carbon filter and the softener are connected with the heating device, and the reverse osmosis water purifier is connected with the sand rate device, the carbon filter and the softener; the water level gauge, the water temperature gauge and the water pressure gauge are connected with the display screen.

Preferably, the drying tower body is of a detachable multi-section structure.

The vacuum low-temperature drying device has a simple structure, can carry out continuous drying operation on grain crops in a large batch under the vacuum and low-temperature environment, saves energy sources, reduces energy consumption and meets the environmental protection requirement; the problems of thermal damage and the like of grain materials caused by high-temperature drying are avoided, the drying quality is ensured, the production operation efficiency is improved, the original components, plant activity and nutrient substances in the grain materials can be reserved, and the storage time is prolonged; the vacuum low-temperature drying device is a continuous operation device, can realize large-batch grain drying operation without additional operators, reduces production cost and greatly improves economic benefit under the condition of improving drying quality. In addition, the vacuum low-temperature drying device has no additional requirement on the operation environment, and the drying tower, the lifting device and the control device are built in a modularized manner, so that the vacuum low-temperature drying device is convenient to transport, assemble and maintain and manage in the later period.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 illustrates a schematic structural view of a vacuum low temperature drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a first partial structure of a drying tower of a vacuum low-temperature drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic view showing a second partial structure of a drying tower of a vacuum low-temperature drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic view showing a third partial structure of a drying tower of a vacuum low-temperature drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 shows a schematic structural view of a drying duct according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 shows a schematic view of a structure of a drying duct according to an embodiment of the present application at another angle;

fig. 7 illustrates a structural schematic view of a quick-detachable structure of a drying tower according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals: 1-a drying tower; 101-a drying tower main body; 102-a pretreatment chamber; 1021-heating chamber; 1022-a launch chamber; 1023-preheating the sheet; 103-a drying pipeline; 1031-a grain channel layer; 1032-drying layer; 1033-an insulating layer; 1034-water inlet; 1035-a water outlet; 1036-auxiliary stirring spacers; 104-a recovery chamber; 105-a first vacuum drying zone; 106-a first detection zone; 107-a first flow control valve; 108-a stop valve; 109-a quick connection structure for pipes; 110-a screen mesh; 111-quick dismounting structure of the drying tower; 112-a second vacuum drying zone; 113-a second detection zone; 114-a third vacuum drying zone; 115-a third detection zone; 116-a fourth vacuum drying zone; 117-a second flow control valve; 118-a first temperature detector; 119-weight detector; 120-recovery pipes; 121-a second temperature detector; 122-vacuum detector; 2-a lifting machine of a drying tower; 201-lifting a platform; 202-a base; 203-a feed inlet; 3-a raw grain elevator; 4-raw granary; 5-dry barns; 6-a control device; 601-heating means; 602-a vacuum pump set; 603-a water pump; 604-a sand filter; 605-charcoal filter; 606-softener; 607-reverse osmosis water purifier; 608-a water pressure gauge; 609-a water temperature gauge; 610-water level gauge; 611-a display screen; 612-moving the wheel; 7-a main water outlet pipe; 8-a main water inlet pipe; 9-a drying pipeline water inlet pipe; 10-a water outlet pipe of a drying pipeline; 11-vacuum tube; 12-an on-off valve; 13-a drain pipe; 1301-recycled water reuse channel.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description is provided to assist the reader in obtaining a thorough understanding of the methods, apparatus, and/or systems described herein. However, various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods, apparatuses, and/or systems described herein will be apparent after an understanding of the present disclosure. For example, the order of operations described herein is merely an example, and is not limited to the order set forth herein, but rather, obvious variations may be made upon an understanding of the present disclosure, other than operations that must occur in a specific order. In addition, descriptions of features known in the art may be omitted for the sake of clarity and conciseness.

The features described herein may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein have been provided solely to illustrate some of the many possible ways of implementing the methods, devices, and/or systems described herein that will be apparent after understanding the present disclosure.

In the entire specification, when an element (such as a layer, region or substrate) is described as being "on", "connected to", "bonded to", "over" or "covering" another element, it may be directly "on", "connected to", "bonded to", "over" or "covering" another element or there may be one or more other elements interposed therebetween. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on," directly connected to, "or" directly coupled to, "another element, directly on," or "directly covering" the other element, there may be no other element intervening therebetween.

As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any one of the listed items of interest and any combination of any two or more.

Although terms such as "first," "second," and "third" may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers or sections should not be limited by these terms. Rather, these terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. Thus, a first member, component, region, layer or section discussed in examples described herein could also be termed a second member, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the examples.

For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above … …," "upper," "below … …," and "lower" may be used herein to describe one element's relationship to another element as illustrated in the figures. Such spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "upper" relative to another element would then be oriented "below" or "lower" relative to the other element. Thus, the term "above … …" includes both orientations "above … …" and "below … …" depending on the spatial orientation of the device. The device may also be otherwise positioned (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various examples only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. Singular forms also are intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having" are intended to specify the presence of stated features, integers, operations, elements, and/or groups thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, operations, elements, and/or groups thereof.

Variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, are to be expected. Accordingly, the examples described herein are not limited to the particular shapes shown in the drawings, but include changes in shapes that occur during manufacture.

The features of the examples described herein may be combined in various ways that will be apparent upon an understanding of the present disclosure. Further, while the examples described herein have a variety of configurations, other configurations are possible as will be apparent after an understanding of the present disclosure.

According to the vacuum low-temperature drying device provided by the application, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the vacuum low-temperature drying device is used for carrying out rapid, standard-conforming and continuous large-scale drying operation on grain materials such as corn, soybean, rice and the like in a vacuum and low-temperature environment.

The vacuum low-temperature drying device comprises a drying tower 1, a drying tower lifting machine 2 and a control device 6. In the following description, detailed structures of the drying tower 1, the lifting device, and the control device 6 of the vacuum low temperature drying device will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 7.

As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment, the vacuum low-temperature drying device further comprises a raw grain elevator 3, a raw grain bin 4 and a dry grain bin 5, wherein the raw grain elevator 3 can be, for example, a winch, a conveyor belt and the like, and is used for storing grain materials into the raw grain bin 4, and the raw grain bin 4 is connected with the drying tower elevator 2 and is used for providing the grain materials. The grain materials dried by the vacuum low-temperature drying device are stored in a dry grain bin 5. The raw grain lifting machine 3, the raw grain bin 4 and the dry grain bin 5 can be equipment in the prior art, and specific types, working speeds, storage amounts and the like can be selected according to the quantity of grain materials required to be dried, the working places and the like, so that production requirements are met.

As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment, the lifting device may be, for example, a drying tower lifter 2, where the drying tower lifter 2 may include a lifting platform 201, a base 202, and a feed opening 203, and the drying tower lifter 2 may lift grain material located in the raw grain bin 4 from the base 202 into the lifting platform 201 and enter the drying tower 1 through the feed opening 203. The drying tower lifter 2 may be, for example, a hoist, a conveyor belt, or the like, which is a device in the prior art, and the height of the drying tower lifter 2 should be higher than that of the drying tower 1, so that the grain material is conveniently conveyed.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, in an embodiment, the drying tower 1 may include a drying tower body 101, a pretreatment chamber 102, a drying duct 103, and a recovery chamber 104. The head end of the drying pipeline 103 is connected with the pretreatment chamber 102, and the tail end is connected with the recovery chamber 104. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 4 and 7, in an embodiment, the drying tower body 101 may include a multi-stage detachable tower structure, the multi-stage tower structure is rapidly connected through a drying tower rapid disassembly structure 111, and the drying tower rapid disassembly structure 111 may be formed as a scaffold structure or the like, for example, using fastening bolts, as shown in fig. 7, and the drying tower rapid disassembly structure 111 may be disposed at four sides of the tower structure to ensure overall stability.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in an embodiment, the pretreatment chamber 102 may include a warming chamber 1021 and a launch chamber 1022. Specifically, the temperature raising chamber 1021 may be formed in a cube structure that cooperates with the above-described drying tower main body 101, in which a plurality of preheating pieces 1023 are provided, the plurality of preheating pieces 1023 are disposed at intervals in order from high to low (here, it should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the lifting platform 201 to the base 202 of the drying tower lift 2 are all from high to low, that is, the position of the lifting platform 201 is high in the vertical direction, and the position of the base 202 is low), and the plurality of preheating pieces 1023 may be formed, for example, in a structure similar to a radiator, and the inside of the preheating pieces 1023 is a hollow circulation passage for low-temperature water heated by the below-described heating device 601. Thus, when the grain material enters the temperature rising chamber 1021 from the feed port 203, the grain material falls from the top of the temperature rising chamber 1021 to the bottom of the temperature rising chamber 1021 due to the influence of gravity, and at this time, the grain material is preheated and coarsely stirred in the temperature rising chamber 1021 due to the arrangement that the preheating pieces 1023 have low-temperature water flowing through and the preheating pieces 1023 fall at a staggered level, so that the looseness, the air permeability and the uniformity of the grain material entering the drying pipeline 103 are ensured, and the grain material can be dried more excellently.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in an embodiment, the delivery chamber 1022 may be formed into a funnel-shaped structure, where the size of the inlet of the funnel-shaped structure is matched with the size of the bottom of the heating chamber 1021, so as to receive the preheated and coarsely stirred grain material, and the outlet of the funnel-shaped structure is connected with the drying pipeline 103, where the connection manner may be, for example, threaded connection, welded connection, flange connection, etc., and may be selected according to actual needs, so as to ensure the air tightness of the pipeline connection.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the embodiment, a first flow control valve 107 and a stop valve 108 are further disposed between the delivery chamber 1022 and the drying pipeline 103, where the first flow control valve 107 is used to control the flow of the grain material entering the drying pipeline 103, so as to control the yield of the vacuum low-temperature drying device, and in addition, when the grain material in the drying pipeline 103 is too much, the first flow control valve 107 can be adjusted, so that production accidents such as blocking can be avoided. The stop valve 108 is arranged between the first flow control valve 107 and the drying pipeline 103, whether the grain material enters the drying pipeline 103 can be controlled by opening and closing the stop valve 108, and the air tightness of the drying pipeline 103 can be ensured by closing the stop valve 108 when the grain material is dried in the drying pipeline 103 at a vacuum and low temperature.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, in an embodiment, the drying duct 103 may be formed as a spiral duct, one end of the drying duct 103 is connected to the above-described delivery chamber 1022, and the other end of the drying duct 103 is connected to the below-described recovery chamber 104. The drying duct 103 may comprise a multi-section detachable structure, and the quick assembly disassembly is realized through the duct quick connection structure 109, and the duct quick connection structure 109 may, for example, connect two sections of ducts in a quick manner by using fastening bolts and matching with an airtight ring, so that the duct quick connection structure 109 may be reasonably selected according to actual requirements under the premise of ensuring air tightness.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in an embodiment, the drying duct 103 may include, from high to low, a first vacuum drying zone 105, a first detection zone 106, a second vacuum drying zone 112, a second detection zone 113, a third vacuum drying zone 114, a third detection zone 115, and a fourth vacuum drying zone 116, i.e., one detection zone is disposed between every two adjacent vacuum drying zones. The four vacuum drying areas can be connected with a vacuum pump set 602 which is described below through a vacuum pipe 11, and the vacuum drying areas can dry grain crops at a low temperature in vacuum; the detection zone is provided with a water content detector (not shown) which can detect the water content of the food crop dried from the vacuum drying zone and feed back in real time to monitor the quality of the drying. However, without being limited thereto, the number of the vacuum drying zones and the detection zones may be selected according to the height of the drying tower and the requirements of the actual production operation, including but not limited to two, three, four, five, six or more.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, in an embodiment, the drying duct 103 may further comprise a detection device, and the detection device may comprise a second temperature detector 121 and a vacuum detector 122, and the second temperature detector 121 and the vacuum detector 122 may detect the temperature and the vacuum in the duct, so as to ensure that the grain material is always in an environment with proper temperature and vacuum.

Preferably, each detection zone also includes a shut-off valve 108. The shut-off valve 108 is disposed in the detection zone and is located near the vacuum drying zone at the top of the detection zone. The cut-off valve 108 in the detection area can be opened or closed, so that the step-by-step control of the whole pipeline is realized, and the air tightness of the vacuum drying area can be further ensured.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, in the embodiment, the drying duct 103 has a multi-layered duct structure, and a grain channel layer 1031 and a drying layer 1032 are sequentially formed along a radial direction from a central axis of the duct, and preferably further includes an insulation layer 1033. The grain channel layer 1031 is a pipeline center and is used for passing grain materials, the drying layer 1032 comprises a water inlet 1034 and a water outlet 1035 and is used for passing low-temperature drying water, the water inlet 1034 is connected with a heating device 601 which is described below through a drying pipeline water inlet pipe 9, and the water outlet 1035 is connected with the heating device 601 which is described below through a drying pipeline water outlet pipe 10. The heat preservation 1033 is arranged on the outermost layer of the drying pipeline 103, and heat preservation materials are filled in the heat preservation 1033, so that low-temperature water in the drying layer 1032 can be effectively preserved, grain materials are preserved, drying efficiency is improved, and heat loss is reduced.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, in an embodiment, the grain channel layer 1031 further includes an auxiliary stirring spacer 1036, and the auxiliary stirring spacer 1036 may be formed in a spiral fan blade structure, and the center of the fan blade coincides with the axis of the pipe. So, because drying duct 103 is spiral structure, auxiliary stirring spacer 1036 is spiral flabellum structure, when grain material passes through grain passageway layer 1031, receive the influence of gravity and can carry out the rolling of incessantly, and then realize the abundant even being heated when low temperature vacuum drying, promote dry quality.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, in the embodiment, a portion of the grain channel layer 1031 connected to the vacuum pipe 11 described below is further provided with a filter screen 110, and when the vacuum pump set 602 described below vacuumizes the grain channel layer 1031 through the vacuum pipe 11 described below, the filter screen 110 can avoid a problem that part of grain material is sucked into the vacuum pipe 11 due to the suction force of the vacuuming, thereby causing the vacuum pump set 602 to stop, etc.

Preferably, in an embodiment, in the projection view shown in fig. 1, the drying duct 103 may be regarded as an approximately threaded structure, the lead angle of which may be 15 ° -45 °, i.e. the angle between two adjacent ducts may be 30 ° -90 °, the smaller the angle, the slower the speed of the grain material through the drying duct 103, the longer the drying time, the greater the angle, the faster the speed through the drying duct 103, and the shorter the drying time. Preferably, in an embodiment, the angle between two adjacent lengths of pipe is 60 °. Since the grain material passes through the drying pipeline 103 by gravity, when the included angle between two adjacent pipelines is 60 degrees, the grain material can pass through the drying pipeline 103 more quickly and effectively while the drying quality is considered.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, in an embodiment, the tail end of the drying duct 103 is connected to the recovery chamber 104, the recovery chamber 104 may be formed in an approximately funnel-shaped structure, an inlet of the funnel-shaped structure is communicated with the tail end of the drying duct 103, an outlet of the funnel-shaped structure is communicated with the recovery duct 120, and the recovery duct 120 may be communicated with the dry grain bin 5. The recovery chamber 104 is used for receiving the dried grain material and conveying the dried grain material to the dry grain bin 5. Preferably, a second flow control valve 117 is also provided between the recovery chamber 104 and the end of the drying duct 103 for controlling the flow of the grain material at the end of the drying duct 103. Preferably, the bottom of the recovery chamber 104 is also provided with a first temperature detector 118 and a weight detector 119, which allow for real-time monitoring of the temperature and weight of the dried grain material.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, in an embodiment, the control device 6 may comprise a heating device 601, a vacuum pump set 602. Specifically, the heating device 601 may be a device having a heating function, such as a boiler or a heater, and may heat the drying water. Preferably, the heating device 601 may deliver the drying water to the drying layer 1032 of the drying duct 103 by the water pump 603. The water outlet of the heating device 601 can be communicated with the water inlet of the heating chamber 1021 through the main water outlet pipe 7, and the main water outlet pipe 7 is communicated with the water inlet 1034 of the drying layer 1032 of the drying pipeline 103 through the drying pipeline water inlet pipe 9; the water outlet of the heating device 601 can be communicated with the water outlet of the heating chamber 1021 through the main water inlet pipe 8, and the main water inlet pipe 8 is communicated with the water outlet 1035 of the drying layer 1032 of the drying pipeline 103 through the drying pipeline water outlet pipe 10, so that the circulation process of the low-temperature drying water of the vacuum low-temperature drying device is realized. Here, each section of the drying duct 103 is provided with a water inlet 1034 and a water outlet 1035, and each vacuum drying area is provided with a set of a drying duct water inlet pipe 9 and a drying duct water outlet pipe 10, so that when the water inlet 1034 and the water outlet 1035 are in a non-use state, the two need to be sealed, and airtight sealing is ensured.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, in the embodiment, the number of the vacuum pump sets 602 may be plural, the plural vacuum pump sets 602 are in one-to-one correspondence with the plural vacuum drying areas and are communicated with the vacuum drying areas through the vacuum pipes 11, where it should be noted that, for example, the vacuum pipes 11 may be a work of separating two auxiliary pipes from one main pipe and respectively communicating the head end and the tail end of each vacuum drying area as shown in fig. 1 and 4, and further evacuating the vacuum drying areas, however, without being limited thereto, the arrangement of the vacuum pipes may be selected according to actual requirements, for example, when the length and the width of the drying pipe 103 are increased, three auxiliary pipes may be separated, and the vacuum evacuating work is performed on the head end, the middle end and the tail end of each vacuum drying area, where it should be noted that the grain channel layer 1031 of the drying pipe 103 connected with the auxiliary pipes of the vacuum pipes 11 needs to be provided with the filter screen 110, so as to avoid grain materials from being sucked into the vacuum pipes 11.

Preferably, the drying duct inlet pipe 9, the drying duct outlet pipe 10 and the vacuum pipe 11 are each provided with an on-off valve 12, and the on-off valve 12 may be, for example, a solenoid valve or the like. The on-off valve 12 can realize independent control and management of each pipeline, and overall flexibility and universality are improved.

Preferably, the vacuum pump set 602 may be a combination of a water ring pump and a Roots pump, the use of which may be more advantageous in treating large amounts of water vapor in a vacuum system.

Preferably, the control device 6 may further comprise a drain pipe 13, one end of the drain pipe 13 being connected to the vacuum pump unit 602 and the other end being connected to the heating device 601. When the vacuum pump unit 602 pumps out moisture in the grain crop, the moisture can be discharged through the drain pipe 13. Preferably, the drain pipe 13 is provided with a recycled water recycling channel 1301, and the water of the grain crop extracted in the vacuum low-temperature drying environment is seed water, which is a good resource, and can be recycled.

Preferably, the control device 6 may further comprise a sand filter 604, a carbon filter 605, a softener 606, a reverse osmosis water purifier 607, a water pressure gauge 608, a water temperature gauge 609, a water level gauge 610 and a display screen 611. The reverse osmosis water purifier 607 is connected with the heating device 601 through the sand filter 604, the carbon filter 605 and the softener 606, so that the water heated by the heating device 601 is softened water, and the use of the softened water can effectively avoid water scale in a pipeline. The water pressure gauge 608, the water temperature gauge 609 and the water level gauge 610 are connected with the display screen 611, and the temperature, the water pressure and the water level of the circulating water can be monitored in real time through the water pressure gauge 608, the water temperature gauge 609 and the water level gauge 610.

Preferably, the control device 6 further comprises a moving wheel 612, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, and in an embodiment, the control device 6 can be formed as a container room, and moved and assembled by the moving wheel 612, thereby achieving rapid disassembly and assembly of the whole device and facilitating transportation.

It should be noted that, the control device 6 further includes an electric control cabinet, a controller is disposed in the electric control cabinet, the electric control cabinet and the controller can be devices in the prior art, and the display screen 611 is disposed in the electric control cabinet. The electric control cabinet is connected with each electric component and the detector, and an operator can control the vacuum low-temperature drying device through the electric control cabinet.

The assembly process of the vacuum low-temperature drying device is as follows: firstly, the control device 6 is moved and installed on a work site, then the drying tower main body 101 is built at the side edge of the control device 6 through the drying tower quick assembly disassembly structure 111, then the heating chamber 1021 and the throwing chamber 1022 are installed, the drying pipeline 103 is connected through the pipeline quick connection structure 109, the drying pipeline 103 can be fixed with the drying tower main body 101 through a pipeline fixing frame (not shown), the recovery chamber 104 is installed at the tail end of the drying pipeline 103, and the recovery chamber 104 is connected with the dry barn 5 through the recovery pipeline 120. After that, a main water outlet pipe 7, a main water inlet pipe 8, a drying pipe water inlet pipe 9, a drying pipe water outlet pipe 10, a vacuum pipe 11 and a water outlet pipe 13 are built. And then the grain material in the raw grain bin 4 is connected with the drying tower 1 through the drying tower lifting machine 2, and is conveyed to the drying tower 1 through the feeding hole 203. Finally, each detection device is installed and connected.

The use process of the vacuum low-temperature drying device is as follows: because the heating device 601, the vacuum pump set 602 and the water pump 603 of the vacuum low-temperature drying device can respectively control the temperature of the circulating water, the vacuum pressure of the vacuumizing and the pressure of the circulating water, the drying requirements of different grain materials can be met by adjusting the parameters of the heating device 601, the vacuum pump set 602 and the water pump 603, and in the embodiment of the application, corn is taken as an example for illustration. The operator controls the water temperature of the circulating water in the heating device 601 to 40-45 degrees by the control device 6, at which temperature the fatty acid in the corn is not increased (the fatty acid in the corn is increased with the increase of the storage year), so that the storage time can be additionally increased by drying the corn in a low-temperature environment, and in addition, the starch in the corn is not gelatinized due to the dried temperature, and the storage time is also increased. Then the vacuum pump set 602 and the water pump 603 perform vacuumizing and circulating drying water operation, the drying tower elevator 2 conveys the corns in the original granary 4 into the heating chamber 1021 for preheating and coarse stirring, and puts the corns into the drying pipeline 103 through the putting chamber 1022, at this time, the vacuum pump set 602 vacuumizes the grain channel layer 1031 of the drying pipeline 103, moisture in the corns is sucked out along with the vacuumized suction force (here, the vacuumized suction force can be adjusted to further adjust the moisture in the corns after drying, the greater the suction force is, the less the moisture in the corns is), and circulating water flows through the drying layer 1032 of the drying pipeline 103, so that the stability of the working environment temperature is always ensured. After the corn is preliminarily dried in the first vacuum drying area 105, the moisture content in the corn at the moment is detected through the first detection area 106, the vacuum suction force of the second vacuum drying area 112 is adjusted according to the moisture content in the corn at the moment, the moisture content in the corn is detected through the second detection area 113, drying and detection are sequentially carried out downwards, finally, the dried corn enters the recovery chamber 104, temperature and weight are detected, and finally, the corn is conveyed to the dry grain bin 5. When corn is dried in the drying pipeline 103, the flow control can be performed through the first flow control valve 107 and the second flow control valve 117 at the head end and the tail end of the drying pipeline 103, and the opening and closing operation of the vacuum drying area and the detection area can be performed through the stop valve 108, so that the effective production and adjustment of sections and steps can be further achieved (for example, when the vacuumizing suction force of one of the vacuum drying areas is too large, corn is blocked, the upper stop valve and the lower stop valve 108 of the vacuum drying area can be closed, the corresponding vacuum pump set 602 is closed, and after the pressure is readjusted, the stop valve 108 is opened. In addition, the operator can monitor each device in real time according to the display screen 611.

The vacuum low-temperature drying device is simple in structure, can perform continuous drying operation on grain crops in a large batch under vacuum and low-temperature environments, and meanwhile, as the heating medium of the vacuum low-temperature drying device is water and does not need to heat the water at high temperature for a long time, energy sources are saved, energy consumption is reduced, in addition, the heating device 601 of the vacuum low-temperature drying device can adopt electricity as energy sources, compared with traditional coal energy sources, the vacuum low-temperature drying device is more environment-friendly and meets the environment-friendly requirement; in addition, the vacuum low-temperature drying device is used for drying grain materials in a low-temperature and vacuum environment, so that thermal damage and the like of the grain materials caused by high-temperature drying are avoided, the drying quality is ensured, the production operation efficiency is improved, the original components, plant activity and nutrient substances in the grain materials can be reserved, and the storage time is prolonged; the vacuum low-temperature drying device is a continuous operation device, and can realize large-batch grain drying operation without additional operators, so that the production cost is reduced and the economic benefit is greatly improved under the condition of improving the drying quality. In addition, the vacuum low-temperature drying device has no additional requirement on the operation environment, the drying tower 1, the lifting device and the control device 6 are built in a modularized mode, and transportation, assembly and later maintenance management are facilitated.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only specific embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited thereto, and that the present application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples: any person skilled in the art may modify or easily conceive of the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent substitution of some of the technical features, while remaining within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A vacuum low temperature drying device for low temperature drying grain materials such as corn, soybean and rice, which is characterized in that the vacuum low temperature drying device comprises:

the drying tower comprises a drying tower main body, a pretreatment chamber, a drying pipeline and a recovery chamber, wherein the pretreatment chamber is arranged at the top of the drying tower main body, the recovery chamber is arranged at the bottom of the drying tower main body, the drying pipeline is communicated with the pretreatment chamber and the recovery chamber, the drying pipeline is of a multi-layer pipeline structure, and the multi-layer pipeline structure comprises a grain channel layer and a drying layer which are sequentially outwards along the radial direction from the central axis of the pipeline;

the drying tower main body comprises a plurality of sections of detachable tower-shaped structures, and the plurality of sections of tower-shaped structures are connected through a drying tower quick assembly disassembly structure;

the lifting device is communicated with the pretreatment chamber and is used for lifting the grain materials from the bottom of the lifting device to the drying tower;

the control device comprises a vacuum pump set and a heating device, wherein the vacuum pump set is communicated with the grain channel layer, the heating device is communicated with the drying layer, the control device also comprises a moving wheel, and the control device is formed into a container chamber and is moved and assembled through the moving wheel;

the drying pipeline is of a detachable multi-section structure, the multi-section structure comprises a plurality of vacuum drying areas and a plurality of detection areas, and one detection area is arranged between every two adjacent vacuum drying areas;

the control device further comprises a water pump, and the heating device is communicated with the drying layer through the water pump; the vacuum pump sets are water ring pumps and Roots pumps, the number of the vacuum pump sets is multiple, the vacuum pump sets are in one-to-one correspondence with the vacuum drying areas, the vacuum pump sets are communicated with the vacuum drying areas through vacuum pipelines, and the vacuum pipelines are provided with recycling water recycling channels;

the drying duct is formed as a spiral duct; the multilayer pipeline structure further comprises an insulation layer arranged on the outer peripheral side of the drying layer; the grain channel layer is provided with an auxiliary stirring isolation sheet.

2. The vacuum low-temperature drying device according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment chamber comprises a heating chamber and a throwing chamber, the heating chamber is communicated with the lifting device, the heating chamber is provided with preheating pieces, the preheating pieces are communicated with the heating device, the number of the preheating pieces is a plurality, and the preheating pieces are sequentially arranged at intervals from high to low; the heating chamber is communicated with the drying pipeline through the throwing chamber.

3. The vacuum low-temperature drying device according to claim 2, wherein a flow control valve and a stop valve are sequentially arranged between the delivery chamber and the drying pipeline.

4. The vacuum cryogenic drying apparatus of claim 1, wherein a flow control valve is provided between the recovery chamber and the drying duct, the recovery chamber further comprising a temperature detector and a weight detector provided at a bottom of the recovery chamber.

5. The vacuum low-temperature drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the drying tower further comprises a detection device provided in the drying duct, the detection device comprising a temperature detector, a water content detector, and a vacuum degree detector.

6. The vacuum low-temperature drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control means further comprises:

the device comprises a sand rate device, a carbon filter, a softener, a reverse osmosis water purifier, a display screen, a water level meter, a water temperature meter and a water pressure meter, wherein the sand rate device, the carbon filter and the softener are connected with the heating device, and the reverse osmosis water purifier is connected with the sand rate device, the carbon filter and the softener; the water level gauge, the water temperature gauge and the water pressure gauge are connected with the display screen.

7. The vacuum low-temperature drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the drying tower body is a detachable multi-stage structure.