CN114874588A - Sound-absorbing insulation composite material for double-insulation double-shielding Faraday cage and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Sound-absorbing insulation composite material for double-insulation double-shielding Faraday cage and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114874588A
CN114874588A CN202210656620.5A CN202210656620A CN114874588A CN 114874588 A CN114874588 A CN 114874588A CN 202210656620 A CN202210656620 A CN 202210656620A CN 114874588 A CN114874588 A CN 114874588A
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sound
double
absorbing
faraday cage
basalt fiber
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CN114874588B (en
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杨成
王健
昌施霖
朱汉波
何志松
方祖敏
代晓寒
刘贺晨
李乐
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North China Electric Power University
Comprehensive Services Branch of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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North China Electric Power University
Comprehensive Services Branch of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0061Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0085Use of fibrous compounding ingredients
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/009Use of pretreated compounding ingredients
    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10KSOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162Selection of materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2363/00Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
    • C08J2363/02Polyglycidyl ethers of bis-phenols
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2433/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2433/04Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
    • C08J2433/06Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
    • C08J2433/10Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
    • C08J2433/12Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/02Fibres or whiskers
    • C08K7/04Fibres or whiskers inorganic
    • C08K7/10Silicon-containing compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K9/00Use of pretreated ingredients
    • C08K9/02Ingredients treated with inorganic substances
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K9/00Use of pretreated ingredients
    • C08K9/04Ingredients treated with organic substances
    • C08K9/06Ingredients treated with organic substances with silicon-containing compounds
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sound-absorbing insulating composite materials, in particular to a sound-absorbing insulating composite material for a double-insulation double-shielding Faraday cage and a preparation method thereof. The raw materials comprise epoxy resin, a curing agent, an accelerant, organic microspheres and basalt fibers. The invention provides a selection scheme of a double-insulation double-shielding Faraday cage sound-absorbing material for the first time, and provides an application scheme of using an epoxy resin-based composite foam insulation material as a sound-absorbing material. The sound-absorbing/sound-insulating composite material is prepared by compounding the modified basalt fibers, the organic microspheres and the epoxy resin, the performance of the composite material is tested, the acoustic mechanism of the composite material is analyzed, the optimized process for preparing the sound-insulating/sound-absorbing material and related theories are obtained, and theoretical basis and technical support are provided for manufacturing the novel sound-absorbing/sound-insulating material. Moreover, the novel material is light in weight, convenient to transport and quick to construct.

Description

Sound-absorbing insulation composite material for double-insulation double-shielding Faraday cage and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sound-absorbing insulating composite materials, in particular to a sound-absorbing insulating composite material for a double-insulation double-shielding Faraday cage and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Meanwhile, a high-voltage test hall (similar to a faraday cage structure) with double-insulation and double-shielding functions is used as a shielding cavity to protect and isolate electromagnetic interference, but an over-closed environment is easy to generate noise interference, wherein the noise interference is mainly echo of human speech, reverberation is generated in a high-voltage laboratory, and the reverberation is the result of accumulation of sound in a room due to continuous reflection of an interface. Reverberation can increase the sound in the room by 15dB while reducing speech intelligibility. The human ear hearing is very sensitive, and normal people can detect 1dB of sound change, and the difference of 3dB will feel obviously different. The human ear has a masking effect, and when one sound is 10dB higher than the other, the smaller sound is difficult to hear and understand due to masking, resulting in inaudibility even if the speech is close. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a sound-absorbing insulating composite for a double-insulated double-shielded faraday cage.
When the acoustic wave is incident on the surface of the material, a portion of the acoustic energy is reflected and a portion of the acoustic energy is absorbed by the interface. There are three main forms of dissipation of the acoustic energy that is not reflected: one is transmitted through the material to the other side; secondly, the heat is converted into the material and dissipated; and thirdly, the vibration kinetic energy is transferred along the boundary structure. When sound waves are incident on the surface of the material, the sound energy which is not reflected is regarded as absorbed sound energy. Different sound-absorbing materials according to the sound-absorbing principle of materials are classified according to the sound-absorbing principle, and can be roughly classified into resonance sound-absorbing materials and porous sound-absorbing materials.
When the resonance sound-absorbing material is used as a resonance system, the resonance sound-absorbing material has a fixed vibration frequency, when the vibration frequency of sound waves is close to the inherent vibration frequency of the system, the interior of the resonance sound-absorbing material can vibrate violently, and in the vibration process, sound energy overcomes frictional damping and does work to be converted into heat energy to be consumed, so that the sound waves are gradually attenuated, and the effects of sound absorption and noise reduction are achieved. Because of the strong selectivity of the resonance sound-absorbing material to sound absorption, the resonance sound-absorbing material has a high sound-absorbing coefficient only when the vibration frequency of the sound wave is close to the natural vibration frequency of the system, and therefore the resonance sound-absorbing material is often used for absorbing medium and low frequency sound waves.
The sound absorption principle of the porous sound absorption material is mainly as follows: when sound waves are incident to the surface of the porous sound absorption material, the Wheatstone principle shows that the vibration of any point in a medium can cause the vibration of adjacent mass points, the air vibration causes the vibration of material fibers, and friction and viscous action are generated among the material fibers, so that sound energy is converted into heat energy to be dissipated; meanwhile, because of the difference of vibration speed between particles, the temperature difference between the air in the material and the material fiber generates heat transfer to cause the loss of sound energy. Porous sound absorbers are the most commonly used materials for noise reduction at present, and are classified into fibrous sound absorbers and foam-like sound absorbers.
The fiber-based sound absorbing material of the fiber sound absorbing material can be divided into an organic fiber sound absorbing material, a metal fiber sound absorbing material, an inorganic fiber sound absorbing material and the like; the organic sound-absorbing fiber material is mainly plant fiber and animal fur. The material has good sound absorption performance at medium and high frequencies, has low use cost, but has poor sound absorption performance at low and ultrahigh frequencies, does not have the performances of fire prevention, standing prevention, corrosion prevention, moisture prevention and the like, and is rarely used independently at present. The metal fiber sound-absorbing material is a sound-absorbing material with wide development prospect, and the common metal fiber sound-absorbing material at present comprises stainless steel fibers and aluminum fibers. The double-insulated double-shielded Faraday cage has the characteristics of high strength, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, strong environmental adaptability and the like, but has higher cost, is not suitable for mass production, has higher conductivity than other types of sound-absorbing materials, and does not meet the insulation requirement required by the double-insulated double-shielded Faraday cage. The inorganic fiber sound-absorbing material is a fiber material taking inorganic minerals as basic components, mainly comprises fiber sound-absorbing materials such as glass fibers, basalt fibers, asbestos fibers, carbon fibers and the like, has good sound-absorbing performance, has the advantages of fire prevention, moisture prevention, corrosion resistance, low price and the like, is a sound-absorbing material commonly used in the prior art, can be applied only by adding carrier load, and can influence the overall performance of the composite material due to too high load capacity of the inorganic fiber sound-absorbing material, and has poor sound-absorbing effect due to too low load capacity.
The foamed sound absorbing material can be classified into three types according to the difference of physical and chemical properties: foam glass sound absorbing materials, foam metal sound absorbing materials and foam plastic sound absorbing materials. The foam glass porous sound-absorbing material is prepared by using glass powder as a raw material and roasting the glass powder at a high temperature under the action of a foaming agent and an external doping agent. The advantages of this kind of material are mainly light weight, tasteless, nonflammable, not easy to age and deform, easy to process and no environmental pollution. The disadvantages are mainly low strength and easy damage. The foamed metal sound absorbing material is a novel porous sound absorbing material, and a large number of bubbles are generated in a metal phase through a foaming process, and the bubbles form pores of the sound absorbing material. However, they are also inferior in water resistance and weather resistance due to their metallic characteristics, and most importantly, they are expensive because their manufacturing process is complicated. The foamed plastic porous sound absorbing material is prepared by foaming different resins, and has the advantages of simple preparation process, low cost, shock resistance, moisture resistance, corrosion resistance and wide available frequency band.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the content, the invention provides a sound-absorbing insulating composite material for a double-insulation double-shielding Faraday cage and a preparation method thereof. The composite material with good sound absorption and insulation functions is prepared by combining the advantages of the inorganic fiber sound absorption material and the porous sound absorption material such as the foam plastic.
According to one technical scheme, the sound-absorbing insulating composite material for the double-insulation double-shielding Faraday cage comprises, by mass, 25-30 parts of epoxy resin, 22-28 parts of curing agent, 0.1-0.5 part of accelerator, 0.8-1.5 parts of organic microspheres and 0.8-1.5 parts of basalt fibers.
Furthermore, the raw materials comprise, by mass, 28-29 parts of epoxy resin, 24-25 parts of a curing agent, 0.2-0.3 part of an accelerator, 1.0-1.1 parts of organic microspheres and 1.0-1.0 part of basalt fibers.
Further, the organic microspheres are polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) hollow microspheres.
Further, the basalt fiber is a surface-treated and modified basalt fiber, and the specific steps include:
(1) carrying out hydroxyl grafting on the basalt fiber to obtain hydroxyl grafted basalt fiber;
(2) and carrying out surface treatment modification on the hydroxyl grafted basalt fiber by using a silane coupling agent to obtain the surface treatment modified basalt fiber.
Further, the step (1) specifically includes: and (2) placing the chopped basalt fiber in a 5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, treating for 2 hours at 120 ℃, cleaning, filtering until the pH value is neutral, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain the hydroxyl grafted basalt fiber.
Further, the step (2) specifically includes: dissolving a coupling agent KH-550 into a 95% ethanol solution, adding hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH value to 5, adding hydroxyl grafted basalt fiber, heating and stirring at 60 ℃ for 6 hours, and then performing suction filtration, washing and vacuum drying to obtain the surface-treated modified basalt fiber; wherein the material-liquid ratio of the coupling agent KH-550 to 95% ethanol solution is 1 g: 500 mL.
Further, the vacuum drying is carried out for 24 hours at the temperature of 120 ℃.
In the second technical scheme of the invention, the preparation method of the sound-absorbing insulating composite material for the double-insulation double-shielding faraday cage comprises the following steps: and adding a curing agent into the epoxy resin, dispersing the basalt fiber into the epoxy resin, uniformly stirring, adding an accelerant, stirring again in vacuum, adding the organic microspheres, defoaming in vacuum, and pouring and curing to obtain the sound-absorbing insulating composite material for the double-insulation double-shielding Faraday cage.
Further, the vacuum defoaming conditions are as follows: vacuum degree of 98kPa, and curing conditions: curing at 90 ℃ for 50min, and then heating to 110 ℃ for curing for 4 h. The curing at 90 ℃ for 50min is pre-curing, and aims to enhance the viscosity of a mixed system and avoid serious layering during curing. Curing for 4 hours at 110 ℃ after stirring/vacuum defoaming again.
In the third technical scheme of the invention, the sound-absorbing insulating composite material for the double-insulation double-shielding Faraday cage is applied to the double-insulation double-shielding Faraday cage.
Further, the thickness of the sound-absorbing insulating composite material for the double-insulation double-shielding Faraday cage is 200 +/-0.2 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention takes the composite foam plastic resin as a matrix, organic microspheres, fiber materials and the like as filling materials, and the auxiliary agents (the modifier and the curing agent of the basalt fiber) are organically combined together, so that a synergistic effect is generated among the raw materials to obtain the sound-absorbing insulating composite material with good performance. Its attenuation of sound waves is mainly achieved by two effects. Firstly, the damping action of the polymer matrix, and in addition, the interaction between the material and the sound wave can be enhanced due to the reflection and scattering action of the organic microspheres on the sound wave in the composite foam plastic, so that the attenuation of the material on the sound wave is facilitated.
In terms of mechanical properties, the basalt fiber is a fiber between carbon fiber and glass fiber, but the cost of the basalt fiber is about 1/7 of the carbon fiber, and the cost performance is relatively high. In terms of acoustics, the sound absorption coefficient of the material reaches up to 0.99, and the material is higher than glass fiber and is a good sound function material. The thermal conductivity coefficient is low, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the basalt fiber board is lower than 0.04W/(m.K) at 25 ℃, the service temperature of the basalt fiber is-260 to 700 ℃, and the service temperature is far higher than that of the glass fiber. The working temperature of the carbon fiber is-600 to 800 ℃, the range is wide, and the carbon fiber begins to be oxidized at 300 ℃ actually, so that the carbon fiber has advantages in an oxygen-free environment. The basalt fiber has lower volume resistivity than aramid fiber but one order of magnitude higher volume resistivity than glass fiber electrically, and through special treatment, the dielectric loss tangent is 50% lower than that of glass fiber, so that the basalt fiber can be used for manufacturing high-voltage insulating materials and heat-resistant dielectric materials. In addition, the basalt fiber also has good chemical stability, environmental protection and composite compatibility with other materials. The basalt fiber is heated in 2mol/L HCl and NaOH for 3 hours, the strength attenuation is only 2 percent and 6 percent respectively, even under the environment of alternation of dry and wet of artificial seawater, the corrosion resistance and the aging resistance are stronger than those of other fibers, the hygroscopicity of the basalt fiber is extremely low, and is only 0.2 percent to 0.3 percent, and meanwhile, the basalt fiber also has good chemical stability. When the basalt fiber and other materials (such as various resins, concrete, metal, other fibers and the like) are compounded, the composite material has stronger affinity than glass fiber and carbon fiber, which means that the basalt fiber is more advantageous for preparing the composite material. The affinity of the basalt fiber with matrix resin is enhanced by modifying the basalt fiber after hydroxyl grafting, and the performance of the integral composite material is greatly improved.
The invention provides a selection scheme of a double-insulation double-shielding Faraday cage sound-absorbing material for the first time, and provides an application scheme of using an epoxy resin-based composite foam insulation material as a sound-absorbing material. The sound-absorbing/sound-insulating composite material is prepared by compounding the modified basalt fibers, the organic microspheres and the epoxy resin, the performance of the composite material is tested, the acoustic mechanism of the composite material is analyzed, the optimized process for preparing the sound-insulating/sound-absorbing material and related theories are obtained, and theoretical basis and technical support are provided for manufacturing the novel sound-absorbing/sound-insulating material. Moreover, the novel material is light in weight, convenient to transport and quick to construct.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating the preparation of a sound-absorbing insulating composite foam according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of the sound absorption coefficient of the sound-absorbing insulating composite foam materials prepared in example 1 of the present invention and comparative example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the sound absorption principle of the sound-absorbing insulating composite foam material prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the assembly of the sound-absorbing insulation composite foam material prepared in example 1 of the present invention with a double-shielded double-insulated metal mesh;
FIG. 5 is a side view of the assembly of the sound-absorbing insulation composite foam material prepared in example 1 of the present invention with a double-shielded double-insulated metal mesh;
FIG. 6 is an oblique view of the assembly of the sound-absorbing insulation composite foam material prepared in example 1 of the present invention with a double-shielded double-insulated metal mesh.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
Example 1
The specific preparation flow chart is shown in figure 1;
(1) weighing the following raw materials: epoxy resin E-51: 28.9059g, curing agent A6: 24.5700g, Accelerator (DMP-30): 0.2674g, organic microspheres (polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) hollow microspheres): 1.0695g and chopped basalt fibers (3mm)1.0695 g.
(2) Hydroxyl grafting: adding the chopped basalt fiber into a 5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, treating for 2 hours at 120 ℃, then washing and filtering by using deionized water until the pH value is neutral, and drying the obtained hydroxyl grafted basalt fiber for 5 hours at 80 ℃.
(3) 1g of coupling agent KH-550 is dissolved in 95 percent ethanol solution, and diluted hydrochloric acid is added to adjust the pH value to 5. Adding 5g of hydroxyl grafted basalt fiber, heating and stirring at 60 ℃ for 2h, cooling to room temperature, performing suction filtration on the solution through a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane with the thickness of 0.22 mu m, washing a sample on the membrane with an ethanol solution for three times, further removing the ungrafted coupling agent, and then drying at 120 ℃ under a vacuum condition for 24h to obtain the chopped basalt fiber with the surface treated.
(4) Adding a curing agent into epoxy resin by using a vacuum planetary stirrer, and dispersing the chopped basalt fiber subjected to surface treatment into the epoxy resin at the rotating speed of: 1000r/min, time: 300 s. Adding an accelerant, then stirring in vacuum to form a premix, then adding organic microspheres, stirring/defoaming in vacuum, and rotating speed: 1000r/min, time: for 500 s. Degassing under a vacuum degree of 98kPa to obtain a suspension.
(5) Pouring the mixed suspension (basalt fiber filled epoxy resin/microsphere system) into a mold, precuring for 50min at 90 ℃ to obtain a slightly layered basalt fiber filled epoxy resin/microsphere system, stirring/vacuum defoaming again, pouring the mold into the mold, raising the temperature to 110 ℃ again, curing for 4h, and demolding to obtain the sound-absorbing insulating composite material.
Comparative example 1
The same as example 1 except that the chopped basalt fiber was replaced with an equal amount of 3mm glass fiber.
Effect test example 1
The sound absorption coefficient measurements were performed on the composite materials prepared in example 1 and comparative example 1 (test samples were mounted on one end of a straight, rigid, airtight impedance tube in which the planar sound waves were generated by a random noise source, sound pressures were measured at two locations near the sample, the sound transfer functions of the two microphone signals were determined, and the normal incidence complex reflection factor, normal incidence sound absorption coefficient, and acoustic impedance of the test piece were calculated from the functions), and the results are shown in fig. 2. From fig. 2, it can be understood that the sound-absorbing effect of comparative example 1 is better before the noise is 2000Hz, and the whole is above example 1; the sound absorption effect of example 1 was improved after 2000Hz, overall exceeding that of comparative example 1, and the highest sound absorption coefficient of example 1 was much greater than that of comparative example 1. The basalt fiber has better sound absorption effect after 2000 Hz.
The sound absorption principle of the sound-absorbing insulation composite material prepared in example 1 is shown in FIG. 3, E 0 Incident total acoustic energy, E 1 Being reflected acoustic energy, E 2 Acoustic energy to be absorbed by the sound-absorbing material, E 3 Is transmitted acoustic energy. The sound-absorbing insulating composite foam material in the embodiment combines the advantages of fiber and foam sound absorption, and the parameter E of the sound-absorbing insulating composite foam material is equal to the parameter E of the sound-absorbing insulating composite foam material under the condition of the same noise 2 Is larger than the sound absorbing material constructed by single filler.
In the sound-absorbing insulating composite foam material in example 1, basalt fibers and organic microspheres are used as fillers. The basalt fiber avoids the characteristics of poor performances of fire prevention, stagnation prevention, corrosion prevention, moisture prevention and the like of the organic fiber sound-absorbing material, and has the defects of higher cost, unsuitability for mass production and strong electric conduction unlike the metal fiber sound-absorbing material; compared with foam metal sound-absorbing materials, the organic microspheres have better water resistance, weather resistance and electric insulation property, and the manufacturing process is simple, so the cost is low, and the foam metal sound-absorbing material is suitable for large-scale production.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that the surface treatment modification step of the chopped basalt fiber in the step (2) and the step (3) is omitted.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the organic microspheres are omitted.
The sound absorption coefficient of the composite material of comparative example 2-3 is tested, and the result shows that the sound absorption performance of comparative example 2 is in a whole descending trend, and the maximum sound absorption coefficient is reached within the noise interval of 1500Hz, and the level is about 50 percent of that of example 1; the sound absorption coefficient of comparative example 3 was not greatly fluctuated as a whole, and was in a low level state, and there was no protruding sound absorption region.
Application example
The sound-absorbing insulation composite prepared in example 1 and the double-shielded double-insulated metal mesh were assembled (see fig. 4 to 6), in which fig. 4 is an assembled front view, fig. 5 is an assembled side view, and fig. 6 is an oblique view. Inhale sound insulating composite thickness and be 200 +/-0.2 mm, then detect indoor sound increase value, the sound effect that inhales after sound insulating composite and the assembly of double-shielded pair insulating metal mesh is better than the sound effect of testing the galley proof as a result shows, because the unique design of wave shape, the inside tiny space that is full of material in addition, can absorb the sound wave energy of penetrating in a large number, plays the attenuation to the sound wave. The sound with the frequency of more than 500HZ is absorbed through the back and forth reflection of the sound wave in the composite material, so that the indoor sound has low added value.
The above description is intended to be illustrative of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, as the invention is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The sound-absorbing insulating composite material for the double-insulating double-shielding Faraday cage is characterized by comprising, by mass, 25-30 parts of epoxy resin, 22-28 parts of curing agent, 0.1-0.5 part of accelerator, 0.8-1.5 parts of organic microspheres and 0.8-1.5 parts of basalt fibers.
2. The sound-absorbing insulating composite material for the double-insulation double-shielding Faraday cage according to claim 1, wherein the raw materials comprise, by mass, 28-29 parts of epoxy resin, 24-25 parts of curing agent, 0.2-0.3 part of accelerator, 1.0-1.1 parts of organic microspheres, and 1.0-1.0 part of basalt fibers.
3. The sound-absorbing insulating composite material for the double-insulated double-shielded faraday cage according to claim 1, wherein the basalt fiber is a surface-treated and modified basalt fiber, and the concrete steps comprise:
(1) carrying out hydroxyl grafting on the basalt fiber to obtain hydroxyl grafted basalt fiber;
(2) and carrying out surface treatment modification on the hydroxyl grafted basalt fiber by using a silane coupling agent to obtain the surface treatment modified basalt fiber.
4. The sound-absorbing insulating composite for a double-insulated, double-shielded faraday cage according to claim 3, wherein the step (1) comprises in particular: and (2) placing the chopped basalt fiber in a 5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, treating for 2 hours at 120 ℃, cleaning, filtering until the pH value is neutral, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain the hydroxyl grafted basalt fiber.
5. The sound absorbing and insulating composite material for a double-insulated, double-shielded faraday cage according to claim 3, wherein the step (2) comprises: dissolving a coupling agent KH-550 into a 95% ethanol solution, adding hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH value to 5, adding hydroxyl grafted basalt fiber, heating and stirring at 60 ℃ for 6 hours, and then performing suction filtration, washing and vacuum drying to obtain the surface-treated modified basalt fiber; wherein the material-liquid ratio of the coupling agent KH-550 to 95% ethanol solution is 1 g: 500 mL.
6. The sound-absorbing insulation composite for a double-insulated, double-shielded faraday cage according to claim 5, wherein the vacuum drying is performed at 120 ℃ for 24 hours.
7. A method of making a sound absorbing and insulating composite for a double insulated double shielded Faraday cage according to any of claims 1-6, comprising the steps of: and adding a curing agent into the epoxy resin, dispersing the basalt fiber into the epoxy resin, uniformly stirring, adding an accelerant, stirring again in vacuum, adding the organic microspheres, defoaming in vacuum, and pouring and curing to obtain the sound-absorbing insulating composite material for the double-insulation double-shielding Faraday cage.
8. The method for preparing the sound-absorbing and insulating composite material for the double-insulated and double-shielded faraday cage according to claim 7, wherein the vacuum defoaming condition is as follows: vacuum degree of 98kPa, and curing conditions: curing at 90 ℃ for 50min, and then heating to 110 ℃ for curing for 4 h.
9. Use of the sound absorbing insulating composite for a double insulated double shielded faraday cage according to any of claims 1 to 6 in a double insulated double shielded faraday cage.
10. The use according to claim 9, wherein the sound absorbing insulating composite for a double insulated double shielded faraday cage has a thickness of 200 ± 0.2 mm.
CN202210656620.5A 2022-06-10 2022-06-10 Sound-absorbing insulation composite material for double-insulation double-shielding Faraday cage and preparation method thereof Active CN114874588B (en)

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CN104129081A (en) * 2014-06-25 2014-11-05 四川航天五源复合材料有限公司 Preparation process for continuous basalt fiber composite material
CN106317770A (en) * 2015-07-08 2017-01-11 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 Prepreg, preparation method of prepreg and composite material
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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WO2009076499A1 (en) * 2007-12-12 2009-06-18 Kubota Research, Inc. Composite article and method of manufacture
JP2010018961A (en) * 2008-07-08 2010-01-28 Masaaki Mizuta Sound-absorbing and sound-insulating composite material
WO2011065813A1 (en) * 2009-11-25 2011-06-03 Petroliam Nasional Berhad (Petronas) Water curable resin formulations
CN103087463A (en) * 2013-01-28 2013-05-08 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 Light composite material
CN104129081A (en) * 2014-06-25 2014-11-05 四川航天五源复合材料有限公司 Preparation process for continuous basalt fiber composite material
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