CN114873799B - Method for controlling disinfection by-products in drinking water by amorphous alloy strips - Google Patents

Method for controlling disinfection by-products in drinking water by amorphous alloy strips Download PDF

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CN114873799B
CN114873799B CN202210766012.XA CN202210766012A CN114873799B CN 114873799 B CN114873799 B CN 114873799B CN 202210766012 A CN202210766012 A CN 202210766012A CN 114873799 B CN114873799 B CN 114873799B
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amorphous alloy
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water
drinking water
chromatographic column
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CN114873799A (en
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梁雄
张贺亭
张振轩
邱联祥
马将
任帅
阮文清
孟仕春
彭太江
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Shenzhen University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0611—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by a single casting wheel, e.g. for casting amorphous metal strips or wires
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/003—Making ferrous alloys making amorphous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C45/00—Amorphous alloys
    • C22C45/02—Amorphous alloys with iron as the major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/04—Disinfection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for controlling disinfection byproducts in drinking water by amorphous alloy strips; the method comprises the following steps: the processing steps are as follows: after adding 1-5 mmol/L peroxydisulfate into the drinking raw water, starting a peristaltic pump and introducing the drinking raw water into a first chromatographic column and a second chromatographic column by an emulsion tube at a flow rate of 40-70 mL/min to obtain a filtrate; a chlorination step: adding 4-6 mg/L of sodium hypochlorite into the filtrate for chlorination treatment to obtain drinking water; the first chromatographic column contains sheared amorphous alloy strips, and the consumption of the sheared amorphous alloy strips is 1-7 g/L of drinking raw water; the amorphous alloy strip comprises iron, silicon and boron, and the atomic ratio of the amorphous alloy strip is 78; the second chromatographic column contains activated carbon; the amorphous alloy strip controls the generation of disinfection byproducts in drinking water, has stable performance, simple process requirement and strong repeatability, and is suitable for large-scale use.

Description

Method for controlling disinfection by-products in drinking water by amorphous alloy strips
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for controlling disinfection byproducts in drinking water by amorphous alloy strips, and belongs to the technical field of water treatment.
Background
There are many microorganisms in raw water of rivers, lakes and groundwater, and some of them may cause human diseases although not all of them are harmful to human health. These are called pathogens. Pathogens in water can be transmitted through drinking water distribution systems, causing water-borne diseases in drinkers. Therefore, drinking water disinfection plays an important role for public health. The purpose of drinking water Disinfection (Disinfection for drinking water) is to kill most of the pathogenic microorganisms harmful to human health in water, including bacteria, viruses, protozoa, etc., to prevent diseases from being transmitted through drinking water. Because the disinfection treatment can not completely kill all microorganisms in water, the disinfection treatment can minimize the risk of water-mediated infectious diseases caused by drinking water to reach a completely acceptable level under the condition of meeting the microbiological standard of the drinking water quality. The Sterilization (Sterilization) refers to a treatment process for killing all microorganisms in water, and the disinfection refers to a treatment process for killing most pathogenic microorganisms harmful to human health in water, preventing water-mediated infectious diseases and realizing related indexes of drinking water quality microbiology. The difference between sterilization and disinfection is that the former kills all microorganisms in water, and the latter kills most microorganisms in water, so that the difference is mainly different. Of course, it is desirable that the sterilization process achieve complete sterilization, but complete sterilization is not actually achieved, which is influenced by a variety of factors. Nevertheless, the disinfection treatment must reduce the risk of water-borne infections caused by drinking water to a very low level, the criterion being that the disinfection treatment meets microbiologically relevant standards for the quality of drinking water.
(1) Physical disinfection
Physical disinfection of water can be achieved by heating, filtration, ultraviolet, radiation disinfection, etc. The boiling is most common, simple and easy to implement, reliable in effect and suitable for treating a small amount of water. The filtering method is simple and effective, but only sterilization is performed, and sand filtration, asbestos filter plates, cellulose ester filter membranes and the like are commonly used. The ultraviolet ray wave band of 240-280 nm has the strongest bactericidal power and is suitable for treating small amount of water. Straight-flow and sleeve ultraviolet disinfectors are commonly used.
(2) Chemical disinfection
Refers to the disinfection of water with chemical disinfectants. The drinking water disinfectant commonly used at home and abroad mainly contains halogen, in particular chlorine disinfectant.
(1) A chlorine-containing preparation: the chlorine-containing drinking water disinfectants are various, such as bleaching powder, calcium hypochlorite, chloramine, sodium dichloroisocyanurate and the like. The chlorine adding amount is determined according to the chlorine demand test because the water quality of the water source is different, and the chlorine adding amount of the water or the clean underground water after coagulation, precipitation and filtration is 0.5-1.5 mg/L. If the water quality is poor, 1.0-2.5 mg/L (or 1-4 mg/L) is added.
(2) Chlorine dioxide: chlorine dioxide is called fourth generation disinfectant, is the safest chemical agent recommended by WHO for treating drinking water, and is a renewal product of disinfectant. Has better effects than chlorine in many aspects of disinfection, deodorization, iron removal and the like, and does not generate chloroform carcinogenic substances. When it is used to disinfect water, it is less affected by water temp. and has better disinfecting effect on poor water than chlorine.
(3) Ozone disinfection: ozone is a strong oxidant and has broad-spectrum and high-efficiency sterilization effects. The sterilization speed of the disinfectant is 600 to 3000 times faster than that of chlorine. The device is mainly used for disinfection of drinking water, air disinfection, fresh-keeping of food and the like. Ozone disinfection methods generally produce ozone by passing dry air or oxygen through a high voltage electric field in an ozone generator. During disinfection, the absorption liquid dissolved with ozone is fully mixed with water. The ozone adding amount is generally 0.5-1.5 mg/L, the ozone concentration in water is kept at 0.1-0.5 mg/L for 5 min, and the ozone adding amount is 3-6 mg/L for water with serious pollution. In recent years, ozone generators for electrolyzing water have been developed, which have simple structure, small volume, light weight and no noise, and the products have no harmful chloride and can be directly used for drinking water disinfection.
During chlorination disinfection, chlorine and organic matters such as humic acid, fulvic acid, algae and metabolites thereof, protein and the like form two types of chlorination byproducts: one is volatile halogenated organic and the other is non-volatile halogenated organic. The byproducts of ozone drinking water disinfection are carbonyl compounds, oxygen acids and carbonyl acids. Chlorine dioxide drinking water disinfection is mainly based on inorganic by-products chlorite and chlorate. Meanwhile, more than 700 disinfection byproducts have been discovered so far. The key scientific problem to be considered in the drinking water treatment process is to reduce and control the generation amount of disinfection byproducts as far as possible on the premise of ensuring effective disinfection.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for controlling the disinfection by-products in the drinking water by using an amorphous alloy strip, wherein the amorphous alloy strip can be used for controlling the generation of the disinfection by-products in the drinking water, carrying out mineralization and degradation on natural organic matters of precursor macromolecules, can be continuously used, is environment-friendly and harmless to human bodies; the amorphous alloy strip controls the generation of disinfection byproducts in drinking water, has stable performance, simple process requirement and strong repeatability, and is suitable for large-scale use.
The purpose of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme: a method for controlling disinfection byproducts in drinking water by amorphous alloy strips comprises the following steps:
the treatment steps are as follows: after adding 1-5 mmol/L peroxydisulfate into the drinking raw water, starting a peristaltic pump and introducing the drinking raw water into a first chromatographic column and a second chromatographic column by an emulsion tube at a flow rate of 40-70 mL/min to obtain a filtrate;
a chlorination step: adding 4-6 mg/L of sodium hypochlorite into the filtrate for chlorination treatment to obtain drinking water;
the first chromatographic column contains cut amorphous alloy strips, and the dosage of the amorphous alloy strips is 1-7 g/L of drinking raw water; the amorphous alloy ribbon comprises iron, silicon and boron in an atomic ratio of 78; the second chromatographic column contains activated carbon.
Further, in the treatment step, peroxydisulfate was added to the raw drinking water at a concentration of 2 mmol/L.
Further, in the treatment step, a peristaltic pump is started to enable a latex tube to enable the drinking raw water to be introduced into the first chromatographic column and the second chromatographic column at the flow rate of 50-60mL/min, and filtrate is obtained.
Further, in the chlorination step, sodium hypochlorite of 5 mg/L is added into the filtrate for chlorination treatment, so that drinking water is obtained.
Further, the surface area of the amorphous alloy strip is 2-10 cm2。
Further, the thickness of the amorphous alloy strip is 0.025-0.027mm.
Further, the amorphous alloy strip is prepared by the following method: mixing and smelting iron, silicon and boron into a mother ingot according to an atomic ratio of 78; and melting and spraying the mother ingot by using a vacuum rapid quenching melt-spun machine to obtain an amorphous alloy strip, wherein the rotating speed of a cooling copper roller is 3000r/min.
Further, iron, silicon and boron are stacked in a copper chamber of a WK series vacuum arc furnace according to the principle that the melting point is higher than that of the electric arc furnace and the melting point is lower than that of the electric arc furnace according to the atomic ratio of 78-3 Pa, introducing argon gas for gas washing operation, and pumping again until the vacuum degree in the cavity is 3 multiplied by 10-3 Introducing argon protective gas, striking an arc gun, and burning a titanium ingot by using 120A current to absorb oxygen to ensure that no oxygen exists in the reaction furnace; and aligning the current to the copper cavity, adjusting the arc current to 70-120A, and smelting for 5-7 times to obtain a mother ingot.
Further, taking out the mother ingot from the electric arc furnace, putting the mother ingot into a vacuum rapid quenching and strip throwing machine, vacuumizing the interior of the cavity until the vacuum degree in the cavity is pumped to 3 multiplied by 10-3 Introducing high-purity argon when the pressure is lower than Pa, performing gas washing operation, pumping again until the vacuum degree in the cavity is 3 × 10-3 High vacuum below Pa, and finally, introducing high-purity argon again as protective gas; the mother ingot is melted by induced current, and the mother ingot in a molten state is sprayed onto a cooling copper roller with the rotating speed of 3000r/min by using air pressure, so that an amorphous alloy strip is obtained.
Furthermore, the first chromatographic column contains sheared amorphous alloy strips, and the dosage of the sheared amorphous alloy strips is 2g/L of drinking raw water.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: iron, silicon and boron (Fe-Si-B) non-gold alloy strips in combination with a chlorination system with the addition of Peroxydisulfate (PDS) pre-treatment and sodium hypochlorite to the raw drinking water to be treated, the active species produced under neutral conditions was Fe (IV), rather than the OH. And SO generated under acidic conditions traditionally thought to be4 •-And because Fe-Si-B amorphous alloy strips are Fe in the catalytic process0Gradually decrease of Fe2+And Fe3+The content is increased to obtain the reaction mechanism of the system, S2O8 2-First with Fe leached out of solution2+Firstly, fe (IV) is generated by reaction, and then Fe (IV) and Fe2+Production of Fe3+Fe (IV) can react with natural organic matters in drinking water to decompose the natural organic matters into carbon dioxide and water.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the amorphous alloy strip in the method for controlling the disinfection byproducts in the drinking water can be used for controlling the generation of the disinfection byproducts in the drinking water, carrying out mineralization degradation on precursor macromolecular natural organic matters and being capable of being continuously used;
2. the amorphous alloy strip in the method for controlling the disinfection by-products in the drinking water is an iron-based alloy strip, is environment-friendly and harmless to human bodies;
3. the amorphous alloy strip in the method for controlling the disinfection byproducts in the drinking water by the amorphous alloy strip is combined with iron, silicon and boron in a specific atomic ratio, has stable performance and strong repeatability in the control process of the disinfection byproducts in the drinking water, and is suitable for large-scale use;
4. the method for controlling the disinfection by-products in the drinking water by the amorphous alloy strip combines the amorphous alloy strip with the peroxydisulfate and sodium hypochlorite after passing through the chromatographic column to form a complete targeted treatment system, and the treatment effect is good and can be repeatedly and stably implemented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of example 3;
FIG. 2 is a fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectrum of non-gold alloy strip degradation simulated drinking raw water of example 4;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the trend of the total organic carbon concentration of the drinking water in example 4;
FIG. 4 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) view of an amorphous alloy ribbon;
FIG. 5 is an X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of an amorphous alloy ribbon;
FIG. 6 is the UPLC/EIS-tpMS PIS post-chlorination of example 4PDSm/z A mass spectrum of 79;
FIG. 7 is the UPLC/EIS-tpMS PIS post-chlorination of the PDS of example 4m/z 35 mass spectrum;
FIG. 8 is the total ionic strength of ESI-tqMS PIS m/ z 79 and 81 for comparative example 1, examples 3-6;
FIG. 9 shows ESI-tqMS PIS of comparative example 2, example 7, example 4, example 8 and example 9m/zTotal ionic strength of 79 and 81;
FIG. 10 is an Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectrum of the system;
FIG. 11 is a fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectrum of a model drinking raw water of lower system degradation with addition of a quencher;
in the figure, 1, the simulated drinking raw water; 2. a peroxydisulfate salt; 3. a peristaltic pump; 4. a first chromatography column; 5. a second chromatography column; 6. sodium hypochlorite; 7. drinking water.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description below:
a preparation method of an amorphous alloy strip comprises the following steps:
1) Mixing and smelting iron, silicon and boron into a mother ingot according to an atomic ratio of 78;
2) Melting and spraying the mother ingot by a vacuum rapid quenching melt-spinning machine to obtain an amorphous alloy strip; the rotating speed of the cooling copper roller is 3000r/min, and the amorphous alloy strip is obtained.
The amorphous alloy strip has a thickness of 0.025-0.027mm and a surface area of 2-10 cm2。
A method for controlling disinfection byproducts in drinking water by amorphous alloy strips comprises the following specific steps:
the processing steps are as follows: adding 1-5 mmol/L Peroxydisulfate (PDS) into drinking raw water, starting a peristaltic pump to allow the drinking raw water to flow into a first chromatographic column and a second chromatographic column at a flow rate of 40-70 mL/min by using an emulsion tube, and then allowing the drinking raw water to flow out to obtain filtrate; adding 4-6 mg/L sodium hypochlorite into the filtrate for chlorination treatment for 2h to obtain drinking water; the first chromatographic column contains cut amorphous alloy strips, and the dosage of the amorphous alloy strips is 1-7 g/L of drinking raw water; the second chromatographic column contains activated carbon.
Example 1:
a preparation method of an amorphous alloy strip comprises the following steps:
1) Stacking iron, silicon and boron in a copper cavity of a WK series vacuum arc furnace according to the principle that the melting point is higher than that of the furnace 13 and the melting point is lower than that of the furnace 13, pumping the arc furnace to a low vacuum of below 5Pa by using a mechanical pump, and opening a molecular pump of the arc furnace to pump the high vacuum to 3 x 10-3 Pa, introducing argon gas for gas washing operation, and pumping again until the vacuum degree in the cavity is pumped to 3 multiplied by 10-3 Introducing argon protective gas, striking an arc gun, burning a titanium ingot by using 120A current to absorb oxygen so as to ensure that no oxygen exists in the reaction furnace. Aligning the current to the copper cavity, adjusting the arc current to 70-120A, and smelting for 5-7 times to ensure that the three elements are uniformly mixed to obtain a mother ingot;
2) Taking out the mother ingot from the electric arc furnace, placing the mother ingot into a vacuum rapid quenching belt-throwing machine, vacuumizing the inside of a cavity until the vacuum degree in the cavity is pumped to 3 multiplied by 10-3 Introducing high-purity argon when the pressure is lower than Pa, performing gas washing operation, pumping again until the vacuum degree in the cavity is 3 × 10-3 High vacuum below Pa, and finally introducing high-purity argon as a protective gas. The mother ingot is melted by induced current, and the mother ingot in a molten state is sprayed onto a cooling copper roller with the rotating speed of 3000r/min by using air pressure, so that an amorphous alloy strip is obtained.
The thickness of the amorphous alloy strip is 0.026 mm, the surface area is 8 cm2。
Example 2:
simulated drinking raw water was prepared for detection:
1) Adding 500 mg of Humic Acid (HA) into 1000 mL of ultrapure water, stirring and dissolving for 12h by using an electromagnetic stirrer, filtering by using a filter to ensure that organic matters pass through to the maximum extent, wherein the filter membrane is a 0.7 mu m (Whatman GF/F) glass fiber filter membrane to obtain HA mother liquor;
2) Taking 30 mL of HA mother liquor to measure Total Organic Carbon (TOC) to obtain the TOC concentration of the mother liquor;
3) Sodium bicarbonate, sodium bromide and HA mother liquor are mixed and diluted to 1L by ultrapure water to obtain simulated drinking raw water, wherein the TOC concentration in the simulated drinking raw water is 3 mg/L, the sodium bicarbonate concentration is 90 mg/L, and the bromide ion concentration is 2mg/L.
Example 3:
a method for controlling disinfection byproducts in drinking water by amorphous alloy strips comprises the following specific steps:
as shown in fig. 1, after adding peroxydisulfate 2 with the concentration of 2 mmol/L into simulated drinking raw water 1, starting a peristaltic pump 3 to introduce water (with the flow rate of 50-60 mL/min) into a first chromatographic column 4 and a second chromatographic column 5 at the rotation speed of 60 r/min, and then flowing out to obtain filtrate; adding 5 mg/L sodium hypochlorite 6 into the filtrate for chlorination treatment for 2h to obtain drinking water 7; the first chromatographic column contains cut amorphous alloy strips, and the dosage of the amorphous alloy strips is 1 g/L of simulated drinking raw water; the second chromatographic column contains activated carbon.
Example 4:
a method for controlling disinfection byproducts in drinking water by amorphous alloy strips comprises the following specific steps:
after adding peroxydisulfate with the concentration of 2 mmol/L into the simulated drinking raw water, starting a peristaltic pump to introduce water (with the flow rate of 50-60 mL/min) into a first chromatographic column and a second chromatographic column at the rotation speed of 60 r/min and then flowing out to obtain filtrate; adding 5 mg/L sodium hypochlorite into the filtrate for chlorination treatment for 2h to obtain drinking water; the first chromatographic column contains cut amorphous alloy strips, and the dosage of the amorphous alloy strips is 2g/L for simulating drinking raw water; the second chromatographic column contains activated carbon.
Fig. 2 is a fluorescence excitation-emission matrix diagram of non-gold alloy strip degradation simulated drinking raw water of example 4 at 0min, 20 min, 40 min, 60 min, 80min and 100 min, fig. 3 is a graph of change trend of total organic carbon concentration of drinking water at 0-180min, a control group in fig. 3 is the simulated drinking raw water, degradation 1 time is after one treatment process of operation example 4, drinking water after completion of treatment is detected, degradation 5 times is after five treatment processes of operation example 4 continue to treat the simulated drinking raw water, and drinking water after completion of treatment is detected. It can be known from the figure that, about 1 hour, the natural organic matter in the simulated drinking raw water is basically completely degraded, the total organic carbon concentration in the simulated drinking raw water is greatly reduced after about 2 hours no matter the iron-based amorphous alloy strip is degraded for 1 time or 5 times, as shown in figure 4, the sediment formed on the surface of the amorphous alloy strip forms a three-position nano-pore structure, can not obstruct mass transfer and can further provide an active site for reaction, namely the iron-based amorphous alloy strip can still ensure excellent catalytic degradation performance after being used for many times, and the X-ray diffraction (XRD) diagram of the iron-based amorphous alloy strip is shown in figure 5.
The effect of example 4, which is a method for simulating the generation control of disinfection by-products of raw drinking water, was examined as shown in fig. 6 and 7. The simulated drinking raw water is treated by Fe-Si-B/PDS and then is subjected to chlorination disinfection treatment (chlorination after PDS), and EIS-tpMS PIS of the simulated drinking raw water sample m/z79 compared to control (untreated) decreased by 67.4%; EIS-tpMS PIS simulating drinking raw water sample m/z35 decreased 65.3% compared to the control group and almost all of the ion cluster intensities decreased. According to the respective disinfection by-productsm/zExtracting chromatograms of the corresponding disinfection byproducts from the ESI- tqMS PIS 79 and 35 chromatograms of the sample, the chromatographic area reflecting the overall level of the corresponding disinfection byproducts in the sample. The overall level of each disinfection by-product in the control sample was set to 100% and the disinfection by-product content in the remaining samples was normalized to the percentage of the corresponding disinfection by-product content in the control sample. After the post-chlorination treatment of PDS, the content of other disinfection byproducts is obviously reduced compared with that of a control group except that the content of dibromoacetic acid is not changed basically. For brominated disinfection byproducts, chlorobromineThe acetic acid content was reduced to 33.9%; the content of 2-bromobutenoic acid is reduced to 7.6 percent; the content of the chlorodibromoacetic acid is reduced to 11.6 percent; the contents of 3, 5-dibromo-salicylic acid and 3, 5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoic acid were reduced to 23.8%. For chlorinated disinfection by-products, the dichloroacetic acid content drops to 23.6%; the contents of 3, 5-dichlorosalicylic acid and 3, 5-dichloro-4-hydroxybenzoic acid are both reduced to 19.1%; 5-chlorosalicylic acid and 2,4,6 trichlorophenol were all degraded.
Example 5:
a method for controlling disinfection byproducts in drinking water by amorphous alloy strips comprises the following specific steps:
after adding peroxydisulfate with the concentration of 2 mmol/L into the simulated drinking raw water, starting a peristaltic pump to introduce water (with the flow rate of 50-60 mL/min) into a first chromatographic column and a second chromatographic column at the rotation speed of 60 r/min and then flowing out to obtain filtrate; adding 5 mg/L sodium hypochlorite into the filtrate for chlorination treatment for 2h to obtain drinking water; the first chromatographic column contains cut amorphous alloy strips, and the consumption of the amorphous alloy strips is 4 g/L to simulate drinking raw water; the second chromatographic column contains activated carbon.
Example 6:
a method for controlling disinfection byproducts in drinking water by amorphous alloy strips comprises the following specific steps:
after adding peroxydisulfate with the concentration of 2 mmol/L into the simulated drinking raw water, starting a peristaltic pump to introduce water (with the flow rate of 50-60 mL/min) into a first chromatographic column and a second chromatographic column at the rotation speed of 60 r/min and then flowing out to obtain filtrate; adding 5 mg/L sodium hypochlorite into the filtrate for chlorination treatment for 2h to obtain drinking water; the first chromatographic column contains cut amorphous alloy strips, and the dosage of the amorphous alloy strips is 6 g/L of simulated drinking raw water; the second chromatographic column contains activated carbon.
Comparative example 1:
a method for controlling disinfection byproducts in drinking water by amorphous alloy strips comprises the following specific steps:
after adding peroxydisulfate with the concentration of 2 mmol/L into the simulated drinking raw water, starting a peristaltic pump to introduce water (with the flow rate of 50-60 mL/min) into a first chromatographic column and a second chromatographic column at the rotation speed of 60 r/min and then flowing out to obtain filtrate; adding 5 mg/L sodium hypochlorite into the filtrate for chlorination treatment for 2h to obtain drinking water; the first chromatographic column does not contain amorphous alloy strips; the second chromatographic column contains activated carbon.
When the amount of amorphous alloy ribbon used was changed, the amount of amorphous alloy ribbon used 0, 1, 2,4,6 g/L in fig. 8 was comparative example 1 and examples 3 to 6, respectively, and example 4, i.e., the amount of amorphous alloy ribbon used was 2mg/L and the PDS concentration was 2 mmol/L, the degradation effect on the simulated drinking raw water was the best, and the total ionic strength in the chloridized simulated drinking raw water was the lowest.
Example 7:
a method for controlling disinfection byproducts in drinking water by amorphous alloy strips comprises the following specific steps:
after 1 mmol/L peroxydisulfate is added into the simulated drinking raw water, a peristaltic pump is started to lead water (with the flow rate of 50-60 mL/min) to a first chromatographic column and a second chromatographic column at the rotation speed of 60 r/min and then flow out to obtain filtrate; adding 5 mg/L sodium hypochlorite into the filtrate for chlorination treatment for 2h to obtain drinking water; the first chromatographic column contains cut amorphous alloy strips, and the dosage of the amorphous alloy strips is 2g/L of simulated drinking raw water; the second chromatographic column contains activated carbon.
Example 8:
a method for controlling disinfection byproducts in drinking water by amorphous alloy strips comprises the following specific steps:
after 3 mmol/L peroxydisulfate is added into the simulated drinking raw water, a peristaltic pump is started to lead water (with the flow rate of 50-60 mL/min) to a first chromatographic column and a second chromatographic column at the rotation speed of 60 r/min and then flow out to obtain filtrate; adding 5 mg/L sodium hypochlorite into the filtrate for chlorination treatment for 2h to obtain drinking water; the first chromatographic column contains cut amorphous alloy strips, and the dosage of the amorphous alloy strips is 2g/L of simulated drinking raw water; the second chromatographic column contains activated carbon.
Example 9:
a method for controlling disinfection byproducts in drinking water by amorphous alloy strips comprises the following specific steps:
after 4 mmol/L peroxydisulfate is added into the simulated drinking raw water, a peristaltic pump is started to lead water (with the flow rate of 50-60 mL/min) to a first chromatographic column and a second chromatographic column at the rotation speed of 60 r/min and then flow out to obtain filtrate; adding 5 mg/L sodium hypochlorite into the filtrate for chlorination treatment for 2h to obtain drinking water; the first chromatographic column contains cut amorphous alloy strips, and the dosage of the amorphous alloy strips is 2g/L of simulated drinking raw water; the second chromatographic column contains activated carbon.
Comparative example 2:
a method for controlling disinfection byproducts in drinking water by amorphous alloy strips comprises the following specific steps:
starting a peristaltic pump, introducing simulated drinking raw water (with the flow rate of 50-60 mL/min) into the first chromatographic column and the second chromatographic column at the rotating speed of 60 r/min, and then flowing out to obtain a filtrate; adding 5 mg/L sodium hypochlorite into the filtrate for chlorination treatment for 2h to obtain drinking water; the first chromatographic column contains cut amorphous alloy strips, and the dosage of the amorphous alloy strips is 2g/L of simulated drinking raw water; the second chromatographic column contains activated carbon.
When the concentrations of PDS were changed, the concentrations 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mmol/L of PDS in FIG. 9 were respectively comparative example 2, example 7, example 4, and examples 8 to 9, and when the amount of non-gold alloy strip used was 2mg/L and the PDS concentration was 2 mmol/L, that is, example 4, the degradation effect on the simulated drinking raw water was the best, and the total ionic strength in the chlorinated simulated drinking raw water was the lowest.
In order to further understand the intrinsic reason that the Fe-Si-B amorphous alloy strip has excellent catalytic performance, the catalytic reaction mechanism needs to be studied deeply. Starting from the detection of active substances, the degradation mechanism of a Fe-Si-B/PDS system is researched, the generation mechanism of the active substances in the system and the function of the active substances in the degradation process are researched, DMPO is selected as a spin trapping agent of the free radical active substances and is used for trapping hydroxyl radicals (OH.) and sulfate radicals (SO.)4 •-). Detection of DMPO-OH adducts and DMPO-SO Using EPR4Signal of adduct, from which OH, and SO are determined4 •-In the presence of (B), the EPR spectrum of the Fe-Si-B/PDS reaction system is shown in FIG. 10, and the DMPO concentration is 40 mmoL/L, only a weak signal was observed when 2 mmol/L PDS was added to ultrapure water. When 10 mmol/L PDS and 2g/L Fe-Si-B amorphous alloy ribbon were added to pure water, significant DMPO-OH (14A characteristic signal.
To further verify whether the iron-based amorphous activated persulfate produced OH, and SO4 •-Next, quenching experiments of radicals were performed. Studies have shown that ethanol (EtOH) is reacted with oh. (k =1.2-2.8 × 10)9 molL-1s-1) And SO4•-（k=1.6–7.7×109 molL-1s-1) The reaction rate of (A) is extremely fast, ethanol is usually selected as OH, SO4 •-And tert-butanol (TBA) and oh. (k =3.8-7.6 × 10)8 molL-1s-1) The reaction rate of (A) is far greater than that of (SO)4 •-（k=4.0–9.1×105 molL- 1s-1) TBA was then chosen as the quencher for oh. When TBA (120 mmol/L) and EtOH (120 mmol/L) are added in the process of degrading simulated drinking raw water by Fe-Si-B/PDS for experiment and three-dimensional fluorescence in the degradation process is detected (figure 11), the natural organic matter removal rate of the Fe-Si-B/PDS system reaches 86.15% in 100 min, the degradation efficiency is not reduced by adding a quenching agent, which is not consistent with the EPR experiment result, and the free radical quenching experiment shows that active substances generated by iron-based amorphous activated persulfate under the near neutral condition are not OH and SO4 •-Related studies have shown that DMPO-OH and DMPO-SO4The adduct can be formed not only from OH and SO4 •-Addition with DMPO, and can also be produced by direct oxidation of DMPO by Fe (IV). Therefore, DMPO-OH and DMPO-SO are detected when the persulfate is activated by the iron-based amorphous alloy under the near-neutral condition4The adduct signal should be due to direct oxidation of DMPO by Fe (IV), not OH. And SO4 •-The result of addition with DMPO. In summary, the active species generated by the Fe-Si-B/PDS system under neutral conditions is Fe (IV), rather than the OH and SO traditionally thought to be generated under acidic conditions4 •-And, in addition toBecause the Fe-Si-B amorphous alloy strip is Fe in the catalytic process0Decrease gradually, fe2+And Fe3+The content is increased, the reaction mechanism of Fe-Si-B/PDS can be estimated, and for the Fe-Si-B/PDS system, S2O8 2-First with Fe leached out of solution2+Firstly, fe (IV) is generated by reaction, and then Fe (IV) and Fe2+Production of Fe3+Fe (IV) can react with natural organic matters in the simulated drinking raw water to decompose the natural organic matters into carbon dioxide and water.
Various other changes and modifications to the embodiments and concepts described above will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and all such changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A method for controlling disinfection byproducts in drinking water by amorphous alloy strips is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the processing steps are as follows: after adding 1-5 mmol/L peroxydisulfate into the drinking raw water, starting a peristaltic pump and introducing the drinking raw water into a first chromatographic column and a second chromatographic column by an emulsion tube at a flow rate of 40-70 mL/min to obtain a filtrate;
a chlorination step: adding 4-6 mg/L of sodium hypochlorite into the filtrate for chlorination treatment to obtain drinking water;
the first chromatographic column contains cut amorphous alloy strips, and the dosage of the amorphous alloy strips is 1-7 g/L of drinking raw water; the amorphous alloy ribbon comprises iron, silicon and boron in an atomic ratio of 78; the second chromatographic column contains activated carbon;
the precursor of the disinfection by-product is humic acid;
the concentration of bromide ions in the drinking raw water is 2mg/L.
2. The method for controlling by-products of sterilization in drinking water of amorphous alloy ribbon as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the treatment step, peroxydisulfate is added to the drinking raw water at a concentration of 2 mmol/L.
3. The method for controlling the disinfection by-products in the drinking water through the amorphous alloy strip as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the treatment step, a peristaltic pump is started to enable a latex tube to enable the drinking raw water to be introduced into the first chromatographic column and the second chromatographic column at a flow rate of 50-60mL/min, so that filtrate is obtained.
4. The method for controlling disinfection byproducts in drinking water by amorphous alloy strips as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the chlorination step, 5 mg/L of sodium hypochlorite is added into the filtrate for chlorination treatment to obtain the drinking water.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the amorphous alloy ribbon has a surface area of 2-10 cm for controlling disinfection byproducts in drinking water2。
6. The method for controlling the disinfection byproducts in drinking water of the amorphous alloy ribbon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the amorphous alloy ribbon is 0.025-0.027mm.
7. The method for controlling disinfection byproducts in drinking water by amorphous alloy ribbon as claimed in claim 1, wherein said amorphous alloy ribbon is prepared by the following method: mixing and smelting iron, silicon and boron into a mother ingot according to an atomic ratio of 78; and melting and spraying the mother ingot by using a vacuum rapid quenching melt-spinning machine to obtain an amorphous alloy strip, and cooling a copper roller at the rotating speed of 3000r/min.
8. The method for controlling the disinfection by-products in drinking water of the amorphous alloy ribbon as claimed in claim 7, wherein iron, silicon and boron are stacked in the copper chamber of the WK series vacuum arc furnace according to the principle that the melting point is 78-3Pa, introducing argon gas for gas washing operation, and pumping again until the vacuum degree in the cavity is pumped to 3 multiplied by 10-3Introducing argon protective gas, striking an arc gun, and burning a titanium ingot by using 120A current to absorb oxygen to ensure that no oxygen exists in the reaction furnace; and aligning the current to the copper cavity, adjusting the arc current to 70-120A, and smelting for 5-7 times to obtain a mother ingot.
9. The method for controlling the disinfection by-products in drinking water of the amorphous alloy ribbon as claimed in claim 7, wherein the mother ingot is taken out of the electric arc furnace and put into a vacuum rapid quenching and strip throwing machine, the interior of the cavity is vacuumized until the vacuum degree in the cavity is pumped to 3 x 10-3 Introducing high-purity argon when the pressure is lower than Pa, performing gas washing operation, pumping again until the vacuum degree in the cavity is 3 × 10-3 High vacuum below Pa, and finally, introducing high-purity argon again as protective gas; the mother ingot is melted by induced current, and the mother ingot in a molten state is sprayed onto a cooling copper roller with the rotating speed of 3000r/min by using air pressure, so that an amorphous alloy strip is obtained.
10. The method for controlling disinfection byproducts in drinking water by amorphous alloy strips according to claim 1, wherein the first chromatographic column contains 2g/L of drinking raw water of sheared amorphous alloy strips.
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