CN114873522A - Four-way fork steering mechanism - Google Patents
Four-way fork steering mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN114873522A CN114873522A CN202210440290.6A CN202210440290A CN114873522A CN 114873522 A CN114873522 A CN 114873522A CN 202210440290 A CN202210440290 A CN 202210440290A CN 114873522 A CN114873522 A CN 114873522A
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- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 18
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 22
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 11
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
- B66F9/07568—Steering arrangements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of forklift steering devices, and discloses a four-way fork steering mechanism, wherein a guide device comprises a guide rod, a semicircular groove is formed in the position, close to one end, of an inner cavity of the guide rod, a guide hole is formed in the inner wall of the semicircular groove, the guide hole corresponds to a guide groove, a guide pipe is fixedly arranged at one end of the guide hole and positioned on the outer surface of the guide rod, the guide rod is sleeved in the guide pipe and corresponds to a contact rod, a circular through hole is formed in one end of the guide rod, and the circular through hole is matched with a push rod. Circular through-hole has been seted up to the one end of guide bar, and this circular through-hole cooperatees with the push rod for hydraulic oil promotes the push rod and stretches out from the inner chamber of guide bar, thereby promotes the guide pulley and swings, realizes fork truck's the operation that turns to, and the conventional equipment adopts motor direct control's mode to turn to often, has avoided adopting motor direct control to turn to and has leaded to getting to turning to the poor problem of precision when leading to fork truck bearing guide pulley ground frictional force improvement, has improved the device turn to the precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forklift steering devices, in particular to a four-way fork steering mechanism.
Background
Fork trucks are industrial handling vehicles, and refer to various wheeled handling vehicles that perform handling, stacking, and short-distance transport operations on piece pallet goods. The international organization for standardization ISO/TC110 is referred to as an industrial vehicle. It is commonly used for transportation of large warehouse goods, and is usually driven by an oil-burning engine or a battery.
The four-way fork refers to a four-way electric forklift, and integrates the functions of a forward fork truck, a side fork and a balance weight fork truck. The structure of the forklift is basically the same as that of a forward forklift, the gantry is positioned between front wheels and rear wheels, two inserting legs extending in an arm shape are arranged in front of the forklift, supporting wheels are arranged at the front ends of the inserting legs, and cargoes can move back and forth along the gantry in the longitudinal direction of the forklift. When the fork truck unloads, the fork extends out, and the fork retracts to the middle position close to the truck body after the fork truck unloads the goods, so the running stability of the fork truck is greatly improved. The difference with the forward fork truck is that two bearing wheels at the front ends of fork legs of the four-direction electric fork truck can rotate 90 degrees through a steering mechanism, when a rear wheel rotates 90 degrees, the whole fork truck can change from a front-rear running state to a left-right running state on the spot, and is equivalent to a side fork, so that the fork truck is suitable for carrying long materials with narrower channels. The minimum channel width may typically be within 2 meters.
Most of steering systems of existing four-way electric forklifts are hydraulic rods for pushing steering wheels to steer (for example, a four-way forklift structure with the patent number of CN103287487A and a steering mode provided by an electric steering four-way electric forklift body structure with the patent number of CN 102275848A), and even some forklifts adopt a motor to rotate and utilize a connecting rod to drive the steering wheels to rotate (for example, a steering mode provided by a four-way forklift structure with the patent number of CN 105084258A);
the front steering has stability, and can quickly rotate after being steered, and the front and back movement of a hydraulic system is stable without delay, but the structure is too simple, the front shock-absorbing capability of the forklift adopting the structure is poor, particularly, the steering wheel pushed by a hydraulic rod is adopted, and the position of the steering wheel has no shock-absorbing capability, so that the four-way fork is not stable enough when the fork picks up goods, and the goods are easy to fall or bump and damage due to oscillation in the fork picking process due to the lack of good shock-absorbing capability;
the latter adopts the motor to drive the steering, because the rotation of the motor has uncertainty, namely same power-on time and power-on voltage, because the rotating turns of the motor are different due to different pressures of the steering wheels, the steering wheel is over-rotated or not in place, or the rotating turns of the motor are different due to different power-on voltages of the steering wheels under the same pressure in the same power-on time, the steering wheel is over-rotated or not in place, therefore, when adopting the motor steering mode, a sensor is often needed to be arranged on the upper side of the steering wheel, and a sensing strip is correspondingly arranged on the steering wheel, so as to sense the steering angle of the steering wheel, and ensure the steering wheel to accurately rotate, thus greatly improving the design and manufacturing cost, meanwhile, the motor does not have instant reversing capability, namely, when controlling the steering wheel to rotate to one side and rotate in the vertical reverse direction, the steering wheel controlled by the motor, can't accomplish to reverse immediately, but need pass through, slow down, stop, the reversal realizes the directive wheel reversal, and it turns to sensitivity poor, and this structure still does not possess the ability of moving away to avoid possible earthquakes simultaneously, and this just leads to the four-way fork when the goods is got to the fork, and is not stable enough, owing to do not have fine ability of moving away to avoid possible earthquakes, very easily leads to the goods to get the process at the fork and leads to falling or jolt the damage owing to shaking.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing four-way fork steering mechanism in the background technology in the using process, the invention provides the four-way fork steering mechanism which has the advantages of high-precision steering and good shock resistance and solves the problems in the background technology.
The invention provides the following technical scheme: a four-way fork steering mechanism comprises a top plate, wherein a step sleeving hole is formed in the position, close to one end, of the top plate, a rotating disc is movably sleeved in the step sleeving hole, a compensation device is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating disc, a guide wheel is fixedly installed at the bottom of the compensation device, a steering rod is fixedly installed at the position, located on one side of the compensation device, of the top of the guide wheel, a pushing device is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the steering rod, a guide device is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the pushing device, a power device is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the guide device, a base plate is fixedly installed at the other end of the bottom of the top plate, a shaft seat is fixedly installed at the position, close to the bottom, of one side of the base plate, the shaft seat is movably sleeved with the power device, and side plates are fixedly installed at the positions, located on two sides of the power device, of the bottom of the top plate, and contact rods are fixedly arranged on one sides of the side plates and correspond to the guide devices.
Preferably, the compensation device comprises a fixed mounting at the bottom of the rotating disc, a compensation rod is sleeved on the inner part in a movable mode, the bottom of the compensation rod is fixedly connected with the guide wheel, a buffer spring is fixedly mounted at the top of the inner cavity, the bottom of the buffer spring is fixedly connected with the top of the compensation rod, compensation holes are fixedly mounted on two sides of the outer surface of each compensation hole and close to the positions of the two sides of the outer surface of each compensation hole, the compensation holes are communicated with the inner cavity, and one end of each compensation hole is connected with the power device through a pipeline II.
Preferably, the pushing device comprises an annular pushing block movably sleeved with a steering rod, a connecting rod is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the annular pushing block, an annular groove is formed in one side of the connecting rod, a push rod is movably sleeved in the annular groove and matched with the guiding device, a leakage-proof rotating plug is movably sleeved on the position, close to the middle, of the outer surface of the push rod, a synchronizing block is fixedly mounted on the position, located on one side of the leakage-proof rotating plug, of the outer surface of the push rod, the leakage-proof rotating plug and the synchronizing block both correspond to the guiding device, a diversion trench is formed in the position, located on one side of the synchronizing block, of the outer surface of the push rod, a rod-shaped cavity is formed in the push rod, a limiting strip is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the rod-shaped cavity, a sleeving hole I is formed in one side of the inner cavity of the limiting strip, and the sleeving hole I corresponds to the guiding device, the guiding gutter extends to the push rod and is seted up the one end that cup joints hole I.
Preferably, the guide device comprises a guide rod, a semicircular groove is formed in a position, close to one end, of an inner cavity of the guide rod, a guide hole is formed in the inner wall of the semicircular groove, the guide hole corresponds to the guide groove, a guide pipe is fixedly mounted at one end of the guide hole and positioned on the outer surface of the guide rod, the guide pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the guide rod, the guide rod is movably sleeved in the guide pipe and corresponds to the contact rod, a circular through hole is formed in one end of the guide rod and matched with the push rod, a sleeving hole II is formed in a position, positioned in the center, of the other end of the guide rod, the sleeving hole II is matched with the power device, a connecting seat I is fixedly mounted at a position, positioned outside the sleeving hole II, of the other end of the guide rod, and communicated with the inner cavity of the guide rod, the inside fixed cup of connecting seat I has connect the check valve.
Preferably, the power device comprises a power chamber, a power machine is fixedly installed inside the power chamber, a threaded pipe is fixedly installed at one end of the power chamber, a transmission rod is fixedly installed at one end of an output shaft of the power machine, the transmission rod extends into an inner cavity of the threaded pipe, a thread stroke block is fixedly installed at one end of the transmission rod, which is located inside the inner cavity of the threaded pipe, the outer surface of the thread stroke block is provided with threads and is in matched and sleeved connection with the inner cavity of the threaded pipe, one side of the thread stroke block is provided with a circular counter bore, the bottom of the circular counter bore is fixedly installed with a spring piece, one end of the spring piece is fixedly installed with a connecting rod, the connecting rod penetrates through the threaded pipe and extends to the outer side of the threaded pipe, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly installed with a matching block, a pressure reducing device is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the threaded pipe, and a fixing rod is fixedly installed at one end of the threaded pipe, the fixed rod is fixedly connected with the guide rod, hydraulic holes are formed in two ends of the threaded pipe, and the hydraulic holes are fixedly connected with the connecting seat I through a pipeline I.
Preferably, pressure relief device is including the decompression storehouse, decompression storehouse fixed mounting is at the surface of screwed pipe, the decompression storehouse is linked together with the inner chamber of screwed pipe, the one end fixed mounting of decompression storehouse inner chamber has only the journey pipe, the one end of decompression storehouse inner chamber is located and ends fixed mounting and have only the journey spring on the position of journey intraductal side, the one end fixed mounting who ends the journey spring has the pressure reducing plate, the one end fixed mounting in decompression storehouse has connecting seat II, connecting seat II is linked together with the inner chamber in decompression storehouse, connecting seat II passes through pipeline II and compensation hole.
Preferably, the output end of the direction control system is connected with the input end of the power machine in a signal connection mode.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention is connected with the input end of the power machine by the signal connection mode through the output end of the direction control system, so that when a driver sends a steering command through a steering wheel, the direction control system controls the power machine to rotate, simultaneously, the outer surface of the thread stroke block is provided with threads and is matched and sleeved with the inner cavity of the thread pipe, the power machine is screwed under the action of the threads in the process of driving the thread stroke block to rotate, thereby pushing hydraulic oil in the thread pipe, at the moment, the hydraulic hole is fixedly connected with the connecting seat I through the pipeline I, so that the hydraulic oil enters the inner part of the guide rod through the pipeline I, as one end of the guide rod is provided with the circular through hole, the circular through hole is matched with the push rod, the hydraulic oil pushes the push rod to extend out of the inner cavity of the guide rod, thereby pushing the guide wheel to swing, and realizing the steering operation of the forklift, and the traditional equipment usually adopts a mode of direct control of a motor to steer, so that the problem that the steering precision is poor due to the fact that the friction force of the ground of the guide wheel is improved when the forklift is subjected to load bearing by adopting direct control of the motor is avoided, and the steering precision of the device is improved.
2. The invention is fixedly provided with a transmission rod through one end of an output shaft of a power machine, when a driver controls a forklift to rotate towards the right side through a steering wheel, the power machine drives a thread stroke block to rotate forwards to enable the thread stroke block to move towards one side close to a fixed rod, so that hydraulic oil enters an inner cavity of a guide rod from a hydraulic hole and a pipeline I, and in the process of forward rotation of the thread stroke block, a matching block is positioned in a rod-shaped cavity and matched with a limit strip, so that the forward rotation of the thread stroke block can drive a pushing device to rotate forwards synchronously until the synchronous block is contacted with one side of the inner wall of a semicircular groove to enable the pushing device to rotate to the stroke limit, at the moment, a diversion groove corresponds to a guide hole on the right side of the outer surface of the guide rod under the action of rotation, so that the hydraulic oil enters a guide pipe on the right side through the diversion groove and the guide hole, the guide rod on the right side extends out of the guide pipe, and corresponds to the contact rod through the guide rod at the moment, so that the guide rod on the right side can contact with the contact rod after extending out, and further pushes the guide device and the pushing device to swing leftwards, because the annular pushing block is movably sleeved with the steering rod, the pushing device drives the guide wheel to swing rightwards when swinging leftwards, so that the forklift is steered rightwards, when a driver controls the forklift to rotate leftwards through a steering wheel, the power machine drives the thread stroke block to rotate reversely, so that the thread stroke block moves to one side close to the power machine, the reverse rotation of the thread stroke block can drive the pushing device to synchronously rotate reversely, at the moment, the diversion trench corresponds to the guide hole on the left side of the outer surface of the guide rod under the rotating action, so that the guide rod on the left side extends out of the guide pipe, and the guide rod on the left side can contact with the contact rod after extending out, thereby promote guider and thrust unit and swing to the right side and drive the guide pulley and swing to the left side for fork truck realizes turning to the left, thereby realizes fork truck's the function that turns to stable, avoids directly promoting the guide pulley through the hydraulic press and turns to and the initial position of steering column can't confirm and lead to turning to the problem of direction mistake, has improved the device and has turned to the stability of function operation.
3. According to the invention, the connecting seat II is fixedly arranged at one end of the pressure reducing bin, so that when the thread stroke block rotates in the forward direction, the thread stroke block approaches to one side close to the fixing rod, the pressure of hydraulic oil at one side of the thread stroke block is increased, the pressure of hydraulic oil at the other side of the thread stroke block is reduced, and at the moment, the pressure reducing plate in the pressure reducing device at the other side of the thread stroke block moves to one side close to the threaded pipe under the action of low pressure, so that the pressure of hydraulic oil at the other side of the thread stroke block is balanced, the resistance in the movement process of the thread stroke block is reduced, and the steering precision of the forklift during steering is improved.
4. The guiding gutter has been seted up on the position that the push rod surface is located synchronizing block one side, owing to when turning to synchronizing block need rotate to with half slot contact each other and guiding gutter and guiding hole correspond the function that can realize turning to, this makes fork truck when the produced small amplitude vibrations of form in-process lead to the steering wheel to produce the micro-swing, can not trigger and turn to the function, thereby avoid turning to the problem that the device is frequently activated and lead to life to descend, the life of the device has been improved and the use cost at the device has been reduced.
5. The bottom of the buffer spring is fixedly connected with the top of the compensating rod, so that the buffer spring is arranged between the buffer spring and the compensating rod for buffering, the problem that the device swings to a large extent in the process of bearing goods is solved, the stability of the forklift in the operation process is improved, in addition, when the forklift bears heavy goods, the compensating rod retracts under the action of gravity, the space of a containing cavity in the device is reduced, the pressure of hydraulic oil in the containing cavity is increased, the pressure is transmitted to the inside of the pressure reducing plate through the compensating hole, the pipeline II and the connecting seat II, the pressure reducing plate extrudes the hydraulic oil in the pressure reducing bin, the initial hydraulic pressure in the threaded pipe is increased, a thread stroke block can generate higher pressure in the displacement process so as to push the guide wheel to swing and steer, and the problem that the steering angle is reduced due to the increase of the friction force between the guide wheel and the ground when the device bears the goods with larger mass is solved, the steering precision of the forklift is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic right-view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic rear view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the direction A in FIG. 3 according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the direction B in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a structural compensation device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of a structural compensator of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the direction C in FIG. 7 according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a pushing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a right side view of the pushing device of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the direction D in FIG. 10 according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along direction E in FIG. 11 according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a structural guide of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic top view of a structural guide of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic sectional view taken along direction F in FIG. 14 according to the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic sectional view taken along the direction G in FIG. 15 according to the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a structural power unit of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic top view of a structural power unit of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a schematic sectional view taken along direction H in FIG. 18 according to the present invention;
FIG. 20 is a schematic sectional view taken along the direction I in FIG. 19;
FIG. 21 is an enlarged view of a portion of J in FIG. 20 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a top plate; 2. a stepped sleeve hole; 3. rotating the disc; 4. a compensation device; 41. a compensating tube; 42. a compensation lever; 43. a buffer spring; 44. a compensation hole; 5. a guide wheel; 6. a steering lever; 7. a pushing device; 71. an annular pushing block; 72. a connecting rod; 73. an annular groove; 74. a push rod; 75. a leak-proof rotating plug; 76. a synchronization block; 77. a diversion trench; 78. a rod-shaped cavity; 79. a limiting strip; 710. sleeving a hole I; 8. A guide device; 81. a guide bar; 82. a semicircular groove; 83. a guide hole; 84. a guide tube; 85. a guide bar; 86. a sleeving hole II; 87. a connecting seat I; 88. a one-way valve; 9. a power plant; 91. a power chamber; 92. a power machine; 93. a threaded pipe; 94. a transmission rod; 95. a thread stroke block; 96. a spring plate; 97. A connecting rod; 98. a matching block; 99. a pressure reducing device; 991. a pressure reduction bin; 992. a stroke stopping pipe; 993. a stop spring; 994. a decompression plate; 995. a connecting seat II; 910. fixing the rod; 911. a hydraulic bore; 10. a substrate; 11. a shaft seat; 12. a side plate; 13. a contact rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-5, a four-way fork steering mechanism includes a top plate 1, a stepped sleeve hole 2 is formed at a position near one end of the top plate 1, a rotating disc 3 is movably sleeved inside the stepped sleeve hole 2, a compensating device 4 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating disc 3, a guide wheel 5 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the compensating device 4, a steering rod 6 is fixedly installed at a position at one side of the compensating device 4 at the top of the guide wheel 5, a pushing device 7 is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the steering rod 6, a guiding device 8 is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the pushing device 7, a power device 9 is fixedly installed at the outer surface of the guiding device 8, a base plate 10 is fixedly installed at the other end of the bottom of the top plate 1, a shaft seat 11 is fixedly installed at a position near the bottom of the base plate 10, the shaft seat 11 is movably sleeved with the power device 9, side plates 12 are fixedly installed at positions at two sides of the bottom of the top plate 1, one side of the side plate 12 is fixedly provided with a contact rod 13, and the contact rod 13 corresponds to the guide device 8.
Referring to fig. 6-8, the compensating device 4 includes a compensating pipe 41, the compensating pipe 41 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating disc 3, a compensating rod 42 is movably sleeved inside the compensating pipe 41, the bottom of the compensating rod 42 is fixedly connected with the guide wheel 5, a buffer spring 43 is fixedly installed at the top of the inner cavity of the compensating pipe 41, and the bottom of the buffer spring 43 is fixedly connected with the top of the compensating rod 42, so that the buffer spring 43 is arranged between the compensating pipe 41 and the compensating rod 42 for buffering, thereby avoiding the problem of large amplitude swing of the device in the process of loading the goods, improving the stability of the forklift in the operation process, in addition, when the forklift is loading heavy goods, the compensating rod 42 retracts under the action of gravity, so that the space of the accommodating cavity in the compensating pipe 41 is reduced, the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the accommodating cavity is increased, and the pressure is transmitted to the inside of the pressure reducing plate 994 through the compensating hole 44, the pipe ii and the connecting seat ii 995, make decompression board 994 extrusion decompression storehouse 991 inside hydraulic oil, make the inside initial hydraulic pressure intensity of screwed pipe 93 rise, thereby make screw thread stroke piece 95 can produce bigger pressure at the in-process of displacement thereby promote guide pulley 5 to swing and turn to, avoid the device when bearing the great goods of quality because the frictional force increase of guide pulley 5 and ground leads to the problem that the angle of turning to reduces, the precision of this fork truck's turning to has further been improved, fixed mounting has compensation hole 44 on the position of compensation hole 44 surface both sides and near the top, compensation hole 44 is linked together with the inner chamber of compensating pipe 41, the one end of compensation hole 44 is connected with power device 9 through pipeline II.
Referring to fig. 9-12, the pushing device 7 includes an annular pushing block 71, the annular pushing block 71 is movably sleeved with the steering rod 6, a connecting rod 72 is fixedly installed on an outer surface of the annular pushing block 71, an annular groove 73 is formed on one side of the connecting rod 72, a push rod 74 is movably sleeved inside the annular groove 73, the push rod 74 is matched with the guiding device 8, a leak-proof rotation plug 75 is movably sleeved on a position of an outer surface of the push rod 74 near the middle, a synchronizing block 76 is fixedly installed on a position of the outer surface of the push rod 74 on one side of the leak-proof rotation plug 75, the leak-proof rotation plug 75 and the synchronizing block 76 both correspond to the guiding device 8, a diversion groove 77 is formed on a position of the outer surface of the push rod 74 on one side of the synchronizing block 76, because the synchronizing block 76 needs to rotate to be in contact with the semicircular groove 82 and the diversion groove 77 corresponds to the guiding hole 83 to realize a steering function during steering, when a steering wheel generates a small amplitude shock during a form process of a forklift truck, so that the steering wheel generates a small swing, can not trigger and turn to the function to avoid turning to the device and being frequently activated and lead to the problem that life descends, improved the device's life and reduced the use cost that the device is in, the inside of push rod 74 is provided with pole shape chamber 78, the inner wall fixed mounting that the pole was described chamber 78 has spacing 79, cup joint hole I710 has been seted up to one side of spacing 79 inner chamber, cup joint hole I710 is corresponding with guider 8, diversion trench 77 extends to push rod 74 and has seted up the one end of cup jointing hole I710.
Referring to fig. 13-16, the guiding device 8 includes a guiding rod 81, a semicircular groove 82 is formed at a position close to one end of an inner cavity of the guiding rod 81, a guiding hole 83 is formed on an inner wall of the semicircular groove 82, the guiding hole 83 corresponds to the guiding groove 77, a guiding pipe 84 is fixedly installed at a position at one end of the guiding hole 83 and on an outer surface of the guiding rod 81, the guiding pipe 84 is communicated with the inner cavity of the guiding rod 81, a guiding rod 85 is movably sleeved inside the guiding pipe 84, the guiding rod 85 corresponds to the contact rod 13, a circular through hole is formed at one end of the guiding rod 81, the circular through hole is matched with the pushing rod 74, a sleeve hole ii 86 is formed at a position at the center of the other end of the guiding rod 81, the sleeve hole ii 86 is matched with the power device 9, a connecting seat i 87 is fixedly installed at a position at the outer side of the sleeve hole ii 86 of the other end of the guiding rod 81, the connecting seat i 87 is communicated with the inner cavity of the guiding rod 81, a one-way valve 88 is fixedly sleeved inside the connecting seat I87.
Referring to fig. 17-20, the power device 9 includes a power chamber 91, a power machine 92 is fixedly installed inside the power chamber 91, a threaded pipe 93 is fixedly installed at one end of the power chamber 91, a transmission rod 94 is fixedly installed at one end of an output shaft of the power machine 92, when a driver controls the forklift to rotate to the right side through a steering wheel, the power machine 92 drives the thread stroke block 95 to rotate forward, so that the thread stroke block 95 moves to a side close to the fixing rod 910, hydraulic oil enters an inner cavity of the guide rod 81 from the hydraulic hole 911 and the pipeline i, and the thread stroke block 95 is located inside the rod cavity 78 through the matching block 98 and matched with the limit strip 79 during forward rotation, so that the forward rotation of the thread stroke block 95 drives the pushing device 7 to rotate forward synchronously until the synchronizing block 76 contacts with one side of the inner wall of the semicircular groove 82 to make the pushing device 7 rotate to the stroke limit, at this time, the diversion trench 77 corresponds to the right-side guide hole 83 on the outer surface of the guide rod 81 under the action of rotation, so that hydraulic oil enters the right-side guide pipe 84 through the diversion trench 77 and the guide hole 83, the right-side guide rod 85 extends out of the guide pipe 84, at this time, the right-side guide rod 85 corresponds to the contact rod 13 through the guide rod 85, the right-side guide rod 85 is contacted with the contact rod 13 after extending out, the guide device 8 and the pushing device 7 are pushed to swing to the left side, the guide wheel 5 is driven to swing to the right side when the pushing device 7 swings to the left side due to the movable sleeve joint of the annular pushing block 71 and the steering rod 6, the forklift is driven to realize steering to the right side, when a driver controls the forklift to rotate to the left side through the steering wheel, the power machine 92 drives the thread stroke block 95 to rotate in the reverse direction, the thread stroke block 95 moves to one side close to the power machine 92, and the reverse rotation of the thread stroke block 95 drives the pushing device 7 to synchronously perform reverse rotation in the reverse direction, at the moment, the diversion trench 77 corresponds to the guide hole 83 on the left side of the outer surface of the guide rod 81 under the action of rotation, so that the guide rod 85 on the left side extends out of the guide pipe 84, the guide rod 85 on the left side can contact with the contact rod 13 after extending out, the guide device 8 and the pushing device 7 are pushed to swing to the right side and drive the guide wheel 5 to swing to the left side, the forklift is enabled to rotate to the left side, the steering function of the forklift is stable, the problem that the initial position of the steering rod 6 cannot be determined and the steering direction is wrong due to the fact that the guide wheel 5 is directly pushed to steer by a hydraulic press is solved, the stability of the operation of the steering function of the device is improved, the transmission rod 94 extends into the inner cavity of the threaded pipe 93, one end of the transmission rod 94 is fixedly installed inside the inner cavity of the threaded pipe 93, the outer surface of the threaded stroke block 95 is provided with threads and is matched and sleeved with the inner cavity of the threaded pipe 93, the power machine 92 is screwed in under the action of threads in the process of driving the threaded stroke block 95 to rotate, so that hydraulic oil inside the threaded pipe 93 is pushed, at the moment, the hydraulic hole 911 is fixedly connected with the connecting seat I87 through the pipeline I, the hydraulic oil enters the inside of the guide rod 81 through the pipeline I, and as one end of the guide rod 81 is provided with the circular through hole, the circular through hole is matched with the push rod 74, so that the hydraulic oil pushes the push rod 74 to extend out of the inner cavity of the guide rod 81, the guide wheel 5 is pushed to swing, and the steering operation of the forklift is realized, the traditional equipment usually adopts a motor direct control mode to steer, the problem that the steering precision is poor due to the fact that the ground friction force of the guide wheel 5 is improved when the motor direct control steering is adopted to cause the load bearing of the forklift is solved, and the steering precision of the device is improved. Circular counter bore has been seted up to one side of screw thread stroke piece 95, the bottom fixed mounting of this circular counter bore has spring leaf 96, spring leaf 96's one end fixed mounting has connecting rod 97, connecting rod 97 cup joints with the activity of cup jointing hole I710, connecting rod 97 runs through screwed pipe 93 and extends to the outside of screwed pipe 93, the one end fixed mounting of connecting rod 97 has cooperation piece 98, cooperation piece 98 is located the inside in bar chamber 78 and cooperatees with spacing 79, screwed pipe 93 outer fixed surface installs pressure relief device 99, the one end fixed mounting of screwed pipe 93 has dead lever 910, dead lever 910 and guide bar 81 fixed connection, hydraulic pressure hole 911 has been seted up at the both ends of screwed pipe 93, hydraulic pressure hole 911 passes through pipeline I and I87 fixed connection of connecting seat.
Referring to fig. 21, the pressure reducing device 99 includes a pressure reducing chamber 991, the pressure reducing chamber 991 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the threaded pipe 93, the pressure reducing chamber 991 is communicated with the inner cavity of the threaded pipe 93, one end of the inner cavity of the pressure reducing chamber 991 is fixedly installed with a stop pipe 992, one end of the inner cavity of the pressure reducing chamber 991 is located at the inner side of the stop pipe 992 and is fixedly installed with a stop spring 993, one end of the stop spring 993 is fixedly installed with a pressure reducing plate 994, one end of the pressure reducing chamber 991 is fixedly installed with a connecting seat ii 995, so that when the thread stroke block 95 rotates forward, the thread stroke block 95 approaches one side close to the fixing rod 910, the pressure of hydraulic oil at one side of the thread stroke block 95 rises, the pressure of hydraulic oil at the other side of the thread stroke block 95 falls, and the pressure reducing plate 994 located in the pressure reducing device 99 at the other side of the thread stroke block 95 moves to one side close to the threaded pipe 93 under the action of low pressure, the pressure of hydraulic oil on the other side of the thread stroke block 95 is balanced, so that the resistance of the thread stroke block 95 in the motion process is reduced, the steering precision of the forklift during steering is improved, the connecting seat II 995 is communicated with the inner cavity of the pressure reduction bin 991, and the connecting seat II 995 is communicated with the compensation hole 44 through the pipeline II.
Referring to fig. 19, the output of the directional control system is connected to the input of the power machine 92 by signal connection, so that when the driver sends a steering command through the steering wheel, the directional control system controls the power machine 92 to rotate.
The using method of the invention is as follows:
in the use process, when a driver sends a steering command through a steering wheel, the direction control system controls the power machine 92 to rotate, the power machine 92 rotates under the action of threads in the process of driving the thread stroke block 95 to rotate, so as to push hydraulic oil in the threaded pipe 93, at the moment, the hydraulic hole 911 is fixedly connected with the connecting seat I87 through the pipeline I, so that the hydraulic oil enters the inside of the guide rod 81 through the pipeline I, as one end of the guide rod 81 is provided with a circular through hole which is matched with the push rod 74, the hydraulic oil pushes the push rod 74 to extend out of the inner cavity of the guide rod 81, so as to push the guide wheel 5 to swing, so as to realize the steering operation of the forklift, when the driver controls the forklift to rotate towards the right side through the steering wheel, at the moment, the power machine 92 drives the thread stroke block 95 to rotate in the forward direction, so that the thread stroke block 95 moves towards one side close to the fixed rod 910, hydraulic oil enters the inner cavity of the guide rod 81 from the hydraulic hole 911 and the pipeline I, and in the process of forward rotation of the thread stroke block 95, the matching block 98 is positioned inside the rod-shaped cavity 78 and matched with the limit strip 79, so that forward rotation of the thread stroke block 95 can drive the pushing device 7 to synchronously perform forward rotation until the synchronizing block 76 is contacted with one side of the inner wall of the semicircular groove 82 to enable the pushing device 7 to rotate to the stroke limit, at the moment, the guide groove 77 corresponds to the guide hole 83 on the right side of the outer surface of the guide rod 81 under the action of rotation, so that the hydraulic oil enters the guide pipe 84 on the right side through the guide groove 77 and the guide hole 83, the guide rod 85 on the right side extends out of the guide pipe 84, at the moment, the guide rod 85 on the right side corresponds to the contact rod 13 through the guide rod 85, the guide rod 85 on the right side can be contacted with the contact rod 13 after extending out, and the guide device 8 and the pushing device 7 can be pushed to swing to the left side, because the annular pushing block 71 is movably sleeved with the steering rod 6, the pushing device 7 drives the guide wheel 5 to swing to the right when swinging to the left, so that the forklift realizes steering to the right, when a driver controls the forklift to rotate to the left through a steering wheel, the power machine 92 drives the thread stroke block 95 to rotate in reverse, so that the thread stroke block 95 moves to one side close to the power machine 92, the thread stroke block 95 rotates in reverse to drive the pushing device 7 to synchronously rotate in reverse, the guide groove 77 corresponds to the guide hole 83 on the left side of the outer surface of the guide rod 81 under the rotating action, so that the guide rod 85 on the left side extends out of the guide pipe 84, the guide rod 85 on the left side extends out and then contacts with the contact rod 13, so that the guide device 8 and the pushing device 7 are pushed to swing to the right and the guide wheel 5 is driven to swing to the left, so that the forklift realizes rotating to the left, when the thread stroke block 95 rotates forwards, at this time, the thread stroke block 95 approaches to one side close to the fixing rod 910, so that the pressure of the hydraulic oil on one side of the thread stroke block 95 is increased, the pressure of the hydraulic oil on the other side of the thread stroke block 95 is reduced, at this time, the pressure reducing plate 994 in the pressure reducing device 99 on the other side of the thread stroke block 95 moves to one side close to the threaded pipe 93 under the action of low pressure, so as to balance the pressure of the hydraulic oil on the other side of the thread stroke block 95, thereby reducing the resistance in the movement process of the thread stroke block 95, during steering, the synchronizing block 76 needs to rotate to be in contact with the semicircular groove 82 and the diversion groove 77 corresponds to the guide hole 83 to realize the steering function, so that when the steering wheel generates micro swing due to small amplitude vibration generated in the form process of the forklift, the steering function cannot be triggered, and the buffer spring 43 exists between the compensating pipe 41 and the compensating rod 42 for buffering, when the forklift bears heavier goods, the compensating rod 42 retracts under the action of gravity, so that the space of the accommodating cavity in the compensating pipe 41 is reduced, the pressure of hydraulic oil in the accommodating cavity is increased, the pressure is transmitted to the inside of the pressure reducing plate 994 through the compensating hole 44, the pipeline II and the connecting seat II 995, the pressure reducing plate 994 extrudes the hydraulic oil in the pressure reducing bin 991, the initial hydraulic pressure in the threaded pipe 93 is increased, and the threaded stroke block 95 can generate higher pressure in the displacement process to push the guide wheel 5 to swing and turn.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A four-way fork steering mechanism, includes roof (1), its characterized in that: the ladder-type steering wheel is characterized in that a ladder sleeving hole (2) is formed in the position, close to one end, of the top plate (1), a rotating disc (3) is sleeved on the inner portion of the ladder sleeving hole (2) in a movable mode, a compensation device (4) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating disc (3), a guide wheel (5) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the compensation device (4), a steering rod (6) is fixedly installed at the position, located on one side of the compensation device (4), of the top of the guide wheel (5), a pushing device (7) is sleeved on the outer surface of the steering rod (6), a guide device (8) is sleeved on the outer surface of the pushing device (7) in a movable mode, a power device (9) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the guide device (8), a base plate (10) is fixedly installed at the other end of the bottom of the top plate (1), and a shaft seat (11) is fixedly installed at the position, close to the bottom, of one side of the base plate (10), the shaft seat (11) is movably sleeved with the power device (9), side plates (12) are fixedly mounted at positions, located on two sides of the power device (9), of the bottom of the top plate (1), contact rods (13) are fixedly mounted on one sides of the side plates (12), and the contact rods (13) correspond to the guide devices (8).
2. The four-way fork steering mechanism of claim 1, wherein: compensation arrangement (4) include compensating pipe (41), compensating pipe (41) fixed mounting is in the bottom of rolling disc (3), compensating rod (42) have been cup jointed in the inside activity of compensating pipe (41), the bottom and guide pulley (5) fixed connection of compensating rod (42), the top fixed mounting of compensating pipe (41) inner chamber has buffer spring (43), the bottom of buffer spring (43) and the top fixed connection of compensating rod (42), fixed mounting has compensation hole (44) on compensating hole (44) surface both sides and the position that is close to the top, compensation hole (44) are linked together with the inner chamber of compensating pipe (41), the one end of compensation hole (44) is connected with power device (9) through pipeline II.
3. The four-way fork steering mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the pushing device (7) comprises an annular pushing block (71), the annular pushing block (71) is movably sleeved with the steering rod (6), a connecting rod (72) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the annular pushing block (71), an annular groove (73) is formed in one side of the connecting rod (72), a push rod (74) is movably sleeved in the annular groove (73), the push rod (74) is matched with the guide device (8), a leakage-proof rotating plug (75) is movably sleeved on the position, close to the middle, of the outer surface of the push rod (74), a synchronizing block (76) is fixedly installed on the position, located on one side of the leakage-proof rotating plug (75), of the outer surface of the push rod (74), the leakage-proof rotating plug (75) and the synchronizing block (76) correspond to the guide device (8), and a flow guide groove (77) is formed in the position, located on one side of the synchronizing block (76), of the outer surface of the push rod (74), the inside of push rod (74) is provided with rod-shaped chamber (78), the inner wall fixed mounting in rod-shaped chamber (78) has spacing (79), cup joint hole I (710) has been seted up to one side of spacing (79) inner chamber, it is corresponding with guider (8) to cup joint hole I (710), diversion trench (77) extend to push rod (74) and set up the one end of cup jointing hole I (710).
4. A four-way fork steering mechanism according to claim 3, wherein: the guide device (8) comprises a guide rod (81), a semicircular groove (82) is formed in the position, close to one end, of an inner cavity of the guide rod (81), a guide hole (83) is formed in the inner wall of the semicircular groove (82), the guide hole (83) corresponds to a guide groove (77), a guide pipe (84) is fixedly installed at one end of the guide hole (83) and is located on the outer surface of the guide rod (81), the guide pipe (84) is communicated with the inner cavity of the guide rod (81), a guide rod (85) is movably sleeved in the guide pipe (84), the guide rod (85) corresponds to the contact rod (13), a circular through hole is formed in one end of the guide rod (81) and is matched with the push rod (74), a sleeving hole II (86) is formed in the position, located at the center, of the other end of the guide rod (81), and the sleeving hole II (86) is matched with the power device (9), the other end of guide bar (81) is located fixed mounting on the position in cup joint hole II (86) outside has connecting seat I (87), connecting seat I (87) are linked together with the inner chamber of guide bar (81), the inside fixed cover of connecting seat I (87) has been cup jointed one-way valve (88).
5. The four-way fork steering mechanism of claim 4, wherein: the power device (9) comprises a power chamber (91), a power machine (92) is fixedly installed inside the power chamber (91), a threaded pipe (93) is fixedly installed at one end of the power chamber (91), a transmission rod (94) is fixedly installed at one end of an output shaft of the power machine (92), the transmission rod (94) extends into an inner cavity of the threaded pipe (93), a threaded stroke block (95) is fixedly installed at one end of the transmission rod (94) and located inside the inner cavity of the threaded pipe (93), threads are formed in the outer surface of the threaded stroke block (95) and are matched and sleeved with the inner cavity of the threaded pipe (93), a round counter bore is formed in one side of the threaded stroke block (95), a spring piece (96) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the round counter bore, a connecting rod (97) is fixedly installed at one end of the spring piece (96), and the connecting rod (97) penetrates through the threaded pipe (93) and extends to the outer side of the threaded pipe (93), the one end fixed mounting of connecting rod (97) has cooperation piece (98), screwed pipe (93) surface fixed mounting has pressure relief device (99), the one end fixed mounting of screwed pipe (93) has dead lever (910), dead lever (910) and guide bar (81) fixed connection, hydraulic pressure hole (911) have been seted up at the both ends of screwed pipe (93), hydraulic pressure hole (911) are through pipeline I and I (87) fixed connection of connecting seat.
6. The four-way fork steering mechanism of claim 5, wherein: pressure relief device (99) are including decompression storehouse (991), decompression storehouse (991) fixed mounting is at the surface of screwed pipe (93), decompression storehouse (991) is linked together with the inner chamber of screwed pipe (93), the one end fixed mounting of decompression storehouse (991) inner chamber has end journey pipe (992), the one end of decompression storehouse (991) inner chamber is located and ends journey pipe (992) inboard fixed mounting and has end journey spring (993) on the position, the one end fixed mounting of ending journey spring (993) has decompression board (994), the one end fixed mounting in decompression storehouse (991) has connecting seat II (995), connecting seat II (995) is linked together with the inner chamber in decompression storehouse (991), connecting seat II (995) are through pipeline II and compensation hole (44).
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| CN202210440290.6A CN114873522B (en) | 2022-04-25 | 2022-04-25 | Four-way fork steering mechanism |
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| CN202210440290.6A CN114873522B (en) | 2022-04-25 | 2022-04-25 | Four-way fork steering mechanism |
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| DE19910285A1 (en) * | 1999-03-09 | 2000-09-21 | Vulkan Bruss Mestechnik Kg | Hand-operated fork lift device has two pressure sensors and a reading averaging device to provide more accurate weight measurements of goods transported on the forks |
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| CN206501886U (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-09-19 | 林德（中国）叉车有限公司 | It is a kind of to be used for the steering structure of three fulcrum forklift steeraxles |
| CN210212517U (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2020-03-31 | 合肥海源机械有限公司 | Steering axle of unmanned fixed platform carrier |
| WO2020156080A1 (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2020-08-06 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Forklift steering axle and forklift |
| CN111770873A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2020-10-13 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Bearing device for steering head |
| CN215851453U (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-02-18 | 华强方特（深圳）科技有限公司 | Buffer type steering device and trackless vehicle |
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2022
- 2022-04-25 CN CN202210440290.6A patent/CN114873522B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19910285A1 (en) * | 1999-03-09 | 2000-09-21 | Vulkan Bruss Mestechnik Kg | Hand-operated fork lift device has two pressure sensors and a reading averaging device to provide more accurate weight measurements of goods transported on the forks |
| CN201484531U (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2010-05-26 | 刘跃东 | Double four-wheeled electric vehicle |
| CN206501886U (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-09-19 | 林德（中国）叉车有限公司 | It is a kind of to be used for the steering structure of three fulcrum forklift steeraxles |
| CN111770873A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2020-10-13 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Bearing device for steering head |
| WO2020156080A1 (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2020-08-06 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Forklift steering axle and forklift |
| CN210212517U (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2020-03-31 | 合肥海源机械有限公司 | Steering axle of unmanned fixed platform carrier |
| CN215851453U (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-02-18 | 华强方特（深圳）科技有限公司 | Buffer type steering device and trackless vehicle |
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| CN114873522B (en) | 2024-02-20 |
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