CN114872797A - All-wheel steering snow sweeper all-wheel drive chassis - Google Patents

All-wheel steering snow sweeper all-wheel drive chassis Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114872797A
CN114872797A CN202210514112.3A CN202210514112A CN114872797A CN 114872797 A CN114872797 A CN 114872797A CN 202210514112 A CN202210514112 A CN 202210514112A CN 114872797 A CN114872797 A CN 114872797A
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China
Prior art keywords
steering
wheel
engine
power
hydraulic
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CN202210514112.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114872797B (en
Inventor
王凤杰
周广凤
刘恒
张萌
周士兵
李喜付
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China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Ji'nan Special Vehicle Co ltd
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China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Jinan Power Co Ltd
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Publication of CN114872797A publication Critical patent/CN114872797A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/18—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted characterised by the vehicle type and not provided for in groups B62D21/02 - B62D21/17
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K13/00—Arrangement in connection with combustion air intake or gas exhaust of propulsion units
    • B60K13/02—Arrangement in connection with combustion air intake or gas exhaust of propulsion units concerning intake
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K13/00—Arrangement in connection with combustion air intake or gas exhaust of propulsion units
    • B60K13/04—Arrangement in connection with combustion air intake or gas exhaust of propulsion units concerning exhaust
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/06—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/22—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or type of main drive shafting, e.g. cardan shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B60K17/344—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K5/00—Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
    • B62D5/06—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle
    • B62D5/062—Details, component parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
    • B62D5/06—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle
    • B62D5/062—Details, component parts
    • B62D5/063—Pump driven by vehicle engine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
    • B62D5/06—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle
    • B62D5/10—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle characterised by type of power unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
    • B62D5/06—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle
    • B62D5/18—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle characterised by power transmitting means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
    • B62D5/06—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle
    • B62D5/20—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle specially adapted for particular type of steering gear or particular application
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-drive chassis of an all-wheel steering snow sweeper, which comprises a low-top cab, an engine, a silencer, a main oil tank, an auxiliary oil tank, a front bumper, a front snow shovel bracket, a battery box assembly, a steering system, a transmission system, a running system and an electrical system, wherein the engine is arranged on the low-top cab; the engine is arranged below the cab, the silencer is arranged behind the engine, and the engine is arranged in the vertical upper exhaust system; the air inlet channel is arranged at the top of the driver and is arranged in an overhead mode; the main oil tank is arranged at the rear suspension position of the frame and transversely arranged, the auxiliary oil tank is arranged at the left side of the frame, the front bumper is arranged at the front lower end of the vehicle, the front snow shovel bracket is fixed at the front suspension position of the frame, and the battery box assembly is arranged at the right side of the frame; the steering system comprises front axle mechanical hydraulic power-assisted steering and rear axle electric control hydraulic steering, and can realize three steering modes of front wheel steering, all-wheel steering and crab-type steering. The invention can realize three steering modes, thereby improving the vehicle trafficability; the steering is light and flexible, the turning diameter is small, and the maneuverability of the vehicle is good.

Description

All-wheel steering snow sweeper all-wheel drive chassis
Technical Field
The invention relates to a snow sweeper full-drive chassis with all-wheel steering, belonging to the technical field of special automobile chassis.
Background
At present, the all-purpose snow removing vehicle is reformed by a general chassis, the wheelbase is longer, 6000mm is usually selected, the turning diameter reaches 30m, and the turning difficulty of the reciprocating operation of the airport runway is higher; the transmission system gearbox is manual mechanical, gear shifting operation is laborious, the angle of a transmission shaft is too large and reaches 19 degrees to the maximum extent, the transfer case has abnormal sound when a vehicle runs, the speed of the vehicle is limited within 60km/h, and high-speed snow removal operation cannot be carried out; when a vehicle is in snow removal operation and turns, the common steel plate spring structure cannot meet the requirement that the left height and the right height of the vehicle are consistent, so that snow removal of an airport runway is not clean; the biggest 20 tons of total mass of whole car, it is little that the facial make-up equipment increases the repacking space, and front axle bearing capacity is general little, only 7 tons, needs to increase to 13 tons and just can satisfy the repacking demand. In order to meet the requirements of snow removal vehicles in airports, the snow removal vehicle all-wheel-steering all-wheel-drive chassis needs to be designed, is used for snow removal operation on highways or airports, serves as a load bearing structure of loading equipment, and provides a comfortable vehicle-mounted environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the all-wheel steering snow sweeper full-drive chassis which can realize all-wheel steering, is convenient to operate, has lockable suspension and high bearing capacity and aims at overcoming the defects in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a full-drive chassis of an all-wheel steering snow remover, which has a drive type of 4 multiplied by 4 and comprises a low-top cab, an engine, a silencer, a main oil tank, an auxiliary oil tank, a front bumper, a front snow removing shovel bracket, a battery box assembly, a steering system, a transmission system, a running system and an electrical system; the engine is arranged below the cab, the silencer is arranged behind the engine, and the engine is arranged in the vertical upper exhaust system; the air inlet channel is arranged at the top of the driver and is arranged in an overhead mode; the main oil tank is arranged at the rear suspension position of the frame and transversely arranged, the auxiliary oil tank is arranged at the left side of the frame, the front bumper is arranged at the front lower end of the vehicle, the front snow shovel bracket is fixed at the front suspension position of the frame, and the battery box assembly is arranged at the right side of the frame; the steering system comprises front axle mechanical hydraulic power-assisted steering and rear axle electric control hydraulic steering, and can realize three steering modes of front wheel steering, all-wheel steering and crab steering.
The front axle mechanical hydraulic power-assisted steering comprises a mechanical part and a hydraulic part, wherein the mechanical part is provided with a Bosch steering vane pump, a Bosch power steering gear, a steering rocker arm, a steering drag link and a steering knuckle arm; the hydraulic part comprises a steering oil pump, a hydraulic oil tank, an oil filter, an oil inlet pipe, an oil return pipe, a steering power cylinder and an oil inlet and return pipe, wherein the steering power cylinder is arranged on a front steering axle, one end of the steering power cylinder is fixed on a lower fixed bracket of the axle, and the other end of the steering power cylinder is connected with a steering trapezoid extension knuckle arm.
The electric control rear axle steering system comprises a hydraulic system and an electric control system, wherein the hydraulic system comprises a second steering oil pump, a control valve group, a steering power-assisted centering cylinder, a steering energy accumulator, a hydraulic oil tank, an oil filter, a hydraulic steel pipe, an oil pipe and a hydraulic oil radiator which are arranged on the engine; the electric control system comprises a high-definition display screen, a steering mode selection switch, a valve group, an angle sensor I, an angle sensor II, an oil temperature and pressure sensor and a wire harness; the valve group is independently arranged and accurately controlled, when an engine of a vehicle is flamed out or a power source of a hydraulic loop fails, the rear axle is automatically centered and locked, the front axle can rotate by the power steering gear, and the vehicle can still steer.
The transmission system adopts an automatic gearbox and comprises a first transmission case, a first transmission shaft, an automatic gearbox, a second transmission shaft, a transfer case, a third transmission shaft, a second transmission case, a fifth transmission shaft, a third transmission case, a fourth transmission shaft, a sixth transmission shaft, a front steering drive axle and a rear steering drive axle.
The running system adopts a frame with the same width of 940mm, and the height of the section of the main longitudinal beam is 270 mm; and the hydro-pneumatic suspension with the locking function is matched with the steel plate spring and the hydro-pneumatic spring.
The hydro-pneumatic suspension comprises a hydro-pneumatic spring, a hydro-pneumatic suspension energy accumulator, a valve, a connecting steel pipe, hydraulic oil and nitrogen, each side is provided with one set of hydro-pneumatic suspension energy accumulator and valve, the hydro-pneumatic suspension energy accumulator and valve are independently controlled, the height of the suspension is adjusted to be 1250 +/-50 mm, the handle is broken off, mechanical locking can be achieved, and the ground clearance of the lower wing surface of the frame is kept to be 1250 mm.
The cab adopts a low-roof C7H-D cab.
The engine adopts an MC engine, a friction plate and a pressure plate are fixed in a flywheel shell of the engine through bolts, an input shaft of a transmission case penetrates through the friction plate and the pressure plate and is inserted into the output end of a crankshaft of the engine, and an end cover of the transmission case is connected with the flywheel shell of the engine through bolts; the engine is a power source, output power is transmitted to a friction plate and a pressure plate firstly and is used as power input of a transmission case I, the output end of the transmission case I transmits the power to a hydraulic automatic gearbox through a transmission shaft I, the hydraulic automatic gearbox is provided with a gearbox radiator, the output of the hydraulic automatic gearbox is transmitted to a transfer case through a transmission shaft II, the transfer case divides the power into two parts, one part of the power is transmitted to a transmission case II after passing through the three directions of the transmission shaft, and then is transmitted to a rear steering drive axle through a transmission shaft six, and rear wheel driving is realized through a wheel assembly; the other path of power is transmitted to the third transmission case forward through the fifth transmission shaft and then transmitted to the front steering drive axle through the fourth transmission shaft, and the forward and backward running of the wheels is also realized through the contact of the wheel assembly and the ground.
The height of the snow sweeper chassis is 3550-.
Has the advantages that: the all-wheel-drive chassis is reasonable in structural arrangement, a steering system adopts front-axle mechanical steering hydraulic power assistance, and a rear axle electric control hydraulic steering, so that three steering modes, namely front-wheel steering (rear-wheel centering locking), all-wheel steering and crab steering, can be realized. The minimum turning diameter can reach 15m when the vehicle is steered by all wheels, only 26m when the front wheels are steered, and the crab steering mode can enable the vehicle to simply bypass obstacles between the vehicles, so that the trafficability of the vehicle is greatly improved. The snow sweeper is light in steering, flexible in steering form, small in minimum steering diameter, good in vehicle maneuverability, suitable for special snow removing operation in airports, capable of expanding the application of expressways and wide in market prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention in a schematic configuration;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the main components of the steering system of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the steering system of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a cab; 2. an engine; 3. a muffler; 4. a first transmission case; 5. a first transmission shaft; 6. an automatic transmission; 7. a second transmission shaft; 8. a transfer case; 9. a third transmission shaft; 10. a second transmission case; 11. a frame; 12. a main oil tank; 13. a front snow shovel support; 14. a front bumper; 15. a leaf spring; 16. a hydro-pneumatic spring; 17. a fourth transmission shaft; 18. a third transmission case; 19. a fifth transmission shaft; 20. a sixth transmission shaft; 21. a wheel assembly; 22. a front steering drive axle; 23. a gearbox heat sink; 24. a battery case assembly; 25. a rear steering drive axle; 26. an hydro-pneumatic suspension accumulator; 27. a hydraulic oil tank and an oil radiator; 28. a secondary fuel tank; 29. a power steering gear; 30. a steering cylinder; 31. a steering drag link; 32. a first angle sensor; 33. a knuckle arm; 34. a hydraulic oil radiator; 35. a hydraulic oil tank and an oil filter; 36. a valve block; 37. a steering accumulator; 38. a steering power-assisted centering cylinder; 39. and a second angle sensor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the invention provides a full-drive chassis of an all-wheel steering snow remover, the drive type is 4 × 4, and the chassis comprises a low-top cab 1, an engine 2, a muffler 3, a main oil tank 12, an auxiliary oil tank 28, a front bumper 14, a front snow removing shovel bracket 13, a battery box assembly 24, a steering system, a transmission system, a running system and an electrical system; the engine 2 is arranged under the cab 1, the muffler 3 is arranged behind the engine 2, and the engine is a vertical upper exhaust system; the air inlet channel is arranged at the top of the driver and is arranged in an overhead mode; the main oil tank 12 is arranged at the rear suspension position of the frame 11 and transversely arranged, the auxiliary oil tank 28 is arranged at the left side of the frame 11, the front bumper 14 is arranged at the front lower end of the vehicle, the front snow removing shovel bracket 13 is fixed at the front suspension position of the frame, and the battery box assembly 24 is arranged at the right side of the frame; the steering system comprises front axle mechanical hydraulic power-assisted steering and rear axle electric control hydraulic steering, and three steering modes of front wheel steering (rear wheel centering locking), all-wheel steering and crab steering are realized.
The front axle mechanical hydraulic power steering comprises a mechanical part and a hydraulic part, wherein the mechanical part is provided with a Bosch steering vane pump, a Bosch power steering gear 29, a steering rocker arm, a steering drag link 31 and a knuckle arm 33; the steering wheel of the cab is mechanically connected with the power steering gear 29 through a steering column, and the steering force is transmitted to a steering axle through a steering rocker arm, a steering drag link 31 and a steering knuckle arm 33; the hydraulic part comprises a steering oil pump, a steering hydraulic oil tank, an oil inlet pipe, an oil return pipe, a steering power cylinder 30 and a connecting oil pipe thereof, wherein the steering power cylinder 30 is arranged on a front steering axle, one end of the steering power cylinder is fixed on a lower fixed bracket of the axle, and the other end of the steering power cylinder is connected with a steering trapezoid extension knuckle arm; the highest pressure of the system can reach 18.5MPa, and the output hydraulic torque is larger than the front axle pivot steering resistance torque, so that the front axle is ensured to be convenient to steer.
The electric control rear axle steering system comprises a hydraulic system and an electric control system, wherein the hydraulic system comprises a second steering oil pump, a control valve group 36, a steering power-assisted centering cylinder 38, a steering energy accumulator 37, a hydraulic oil tank, an oil filter 35, a hydraulic steel pipe, an oil pipe and a hydraulic oil radiator 34 which are arranged on the engine; the electric control system comprises a high-definition display screen, a steering mode selection switch, a valve group 36 (comprising an electromagnetic valve group, a control valve group and a centering valve group), a first angle sensor 32, a second angle sensor 39, an oil temperature and pressure sensor and a wire harness, can realize real-time response of the rear axle, light steering, centering and locking of the rear axle when the system fails, and can display the pressure, the temperature and the turning angle values of all tires in real time; the control valve group and the centering valve group are independently arranged and accurately controlled, the energy accumulator is arranged, when an engine of a vehicle is flamed out or a power source of a hydraulic circuit fails, the rear axle is automatically centered and locked, the front axle can rotate by the power steering gear, the vehicle can still steer, and the safety of the vehicle is improved.
The automatic gearbox 6 is adopted in the transmission system, the labor intensity of a driver is reduced, the automatic gearbox comprises a first transmission case 4, a first transmission shaft 5, the automatic gearbox 6, a second transmission shaft 7, a transfer case 8, a third transmission shaft 9, a second transmission case 10, a fifth transmission shaft 19, a third transmission case 18, a fourth transmission shaft 17, a sixth transmission shaft 20, a front steering drive axle 22 and a rear steering drive axle 25, the technical requirements that the included angle of the transmission system is less than or equal to 10 degrees and the transmission system is matched with an AT case are effectively met, and the driver is convenient to operate.
The running system adopts a frame 11 with the same width of 940mm, and the section height of the main longitudinal beam is 270 mm; the hydro-pneumatic suspension with the locking function, which is matched with the steel plate spring 15 and the hydro-pneumatic spring 16, stores energy through the hydro-pneumatic suspension energy accumulator 26, and locks the hydro-pneumatic spring 16 through the handle switch, so that the ground clearance of the two sides of the frame is consistent during snow removal operation.
The oil-gas suspension comprises an oil-gas spring 16, an oil-gas suspension energy accumulator 26, a valve, a connecting steel pipe, hydraulic oil and nitrogen, each side of the oil-gas suspension is sleeved and independently controlled, the height of the suspension is adjusted to be 1250 +/-50 mm, a handle is pulled off, mechanical locking can be achieved, and the ground clearance of the lower wing surface of the frame is kept to be 1250 mm.
The cab 1 adopts a low-roof C7H-D cab.
The engine 2 adopts an MC engine, a friction plate and a pressure plate are fixed in a flywheel shell of the engine 2 through bolts, an input shaft of a first transmission case 4 penetrates through the friction plate and the pressure plate and is inserted into an output end of a crankshaft of the engine, and an end cover of the first transmission case is connected with an SAE1# flywheel shell of the engine through bolts; the MC engine 2 is a power source of the whole vehicle, output power is firstly transmitted to a friction plate and a pressure plate and is used as power input of a transmission case I4, the output end of the transmission case I4 transmits power to a hydraulic automatic gearbox 6 through a transmission shaft I5, the hydraulic automatic gearbox 6 is provided with a gearbox radiator 23, the output of the hydraulic automatic gearbox 6 is transmitted to a transfer case 8 through a transmission shaft II 7, the transfer case 8 divides the power into two parts, one part is transmitted to a transmission case II 10 backwards through a transmission shaft III 9, and then transmitted to a rear steering drive axle 25 through a transmission shaft VI 20, and rear wheel driving is realized through a wheel assembly 21; the other path of power is transmitted to a third transmission case 18 through a fifth transmission shaft 19 in a forward direction and then transmitted to a front steering drive axle 22 through a fourth transmission shaft 17, and the wheels are in contact with the ground through a wheel assembly 21 to realize forward and reverse running of the wheels.
The height of the snow sweeper chassis is 3550 plus 3750mm, the axle distance is 5600 plus 6000mm, the total mass is 20-26.5 tons, the ground clearance of the lower wing surface of the frame is 1250 plus 1300mm in a full-load state, and 3000mm of upper mounting installation space is reserved between the two axles.
The steering system adopts the mechanical steering hydraulic power assistance of the front axle and the electric control hydraulic steering of the rear axle to realize three steering modes, namely front wheel steering, all-wheel steering and crab steering.
When the front wheel steering mode is selected, the controller controls the power valve bank to be powered on, the proportional valve bank is powered off, the centering valve bank is powered on, the steering power-assisted centering cylinder is centered and locked, and only the front wheel can steer. When the steering wheel is rotated, the inner rotary valve of the power steering gear below the steering wheel is opened due to the rotation of the steering wheel, high-pressure oil output by the power steering pump enters the power steering gear inside the power steering gear to output certain torque to drive the steering rocker to rotate, the high-pressure oil acts on the high-position steering knuckle arm through the steering drag link, the high-pressure oil enters the steering power cylinder through the high-pressure output oil port of the power steering gear, the steering power cylinder generates hydraulic power to act on the steering knuckle arm, and the two parts of steering torque are superposed to assist the front axle tire to rotate together.
When an all-wheel or crab steering mode is selected, the controller controls the centering valve bank to be powered on, the power valve bank is powered off, the steering wheel is rotated to input an angle, the front axle responds to a certain wheel corner, meanwhile, high-pressure oil output by the steering gear pump enters the proportional valve bank through the power valve bank, the controller controls the power sensor and the valve port opening of the proportional valve bank through the measurement value of the front axle angle sensor 4, hydraulic oil passing through the proportional valve bank enters the steering power-assisted centering cylinder 10 to push the steering power-assisted centering cylinder to perform centering, the linear motion of the steering power-assisted centering cylinder pushes rear axle tires to rotate through the steering rocker arm, the angle value of the steering power-assisted centering cylinder is measured by the angle sensor 11 and fed back to the controller to be compared with a set value to control the rear axle corner to be consistent with the set value, and the control schematic diagram is detailed in the figure 1. The system is closed-loop control, the control valve group is quick in response, the rotation angle value is measured, fed back, compared and controlled in real time, and the rotation angles of the front axle tires and the rear axle tires are ensured to accord with the designed angle relationship.
The minimum turning diameter can reach 15m when the vehicle is steered by all wheels, only 26m when the front wheels are steered, and the crab steering mode can enable the vehicle to simply bypass obstacles between the vehicles, so that the trafficability of the vehicle is greatly improved. The steering is light, the steering form is flexible, the minimum turning diameter is small, and the vehicle maneuverability is good.
When the rear axle centering is selected, the power valve bank is electrified, the centering valve bank is electrified, and the centering valve bank controls the steering power-assisted centering cylinder 10 to be reliably centered and locked. When a hydraulic power source of the system fails, high-pressure oil in the energy accumulator can ensure that the steering power-assisted centering cylinder is centered and locked. The vehicle may be steered by means of a mechanical steering system of the front axle.
The all-wheel-drive chassis is reasonable in structural arrangement, light in steering, flexible in steering form, small in minimum turning diameter, good in vehicle maneuverability, suitable for snow removal special operation in airports, capable of expanding the use of highways and wide in market prospect.
The above-described embodiments of the invention are intended to be illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting, as all changes that come within the scope of or equivalence to the invention are intended to be embraced therein.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides an all-wheel steering snow sweeper drives chassis entirely which characterized in that: the driving type is 4 multiplied by 4, and the electric vehicle comprises a low-top cab (1), an engine (2), a silencer (3), a main oil tank (12), an auxiliary oil tank (28), a front bumper (14), a front snow removing shovel bracket (13), a battery box assembly (24), a steering system, a transmission system, a running system and an electric system; the engine (2) is arranged below the cab (1), the muffler (3) is arranged behind the engine (2), and the engine is a vertical upper exhaust system; the air inlet channel is arranged at the top of the driver and is arranged in an overhead mode; the main oil tank (12) is arranged at the rear suspension position of the frame (11) and transversely arranged, the auxiliary oil tank (28) is arranged at the left side of the frame (11), the front bumper (14) is arranged at the front lower end of the vehicle, the front snow removing shovel bracket (13) is fixed at the front suspension position of the frame, and the battery box assembly (24) is arranged at the right side of the frame; the steering system comprises front axle mechanical hydraulic power-assisted steering and rear axle electric control hydraulic steering, and three steering modes of front wheel steering, all-wheel steering and crab steering are realized.
2. The all-wheel steering snow sweeper all-wheel drive chassis of claim 1, wherein: the front axle mechanical hydraulic power steering comprises a mechanical part and a hydraulic part, wherein the mechanical part is provided with a Bosch steering vane pump, a Bosch power steering gear (29), a steering rocker arm, a steering drag link (31) and a steering knuckle arm (33), a steering wheel of a cab is mechanically connected with the power steering gear (29) through a steering column, and steering force is transmitted to a steering axle through the steering rocker arm, the steering drag link (31) and the steering knuckle arm (33); the hydraulic part comprises a steering oil pump, a hydraulic oil tank, an oil filter (35), an oil inlet pipe, an oil return pipe, a steering power cylinder (30) and the oil inlet and return pipe, wherein the steering power cylinder (30) is arranged on a front steering axle, one end of the steering power cylinder is fixed on a lower fixed bracket of an axle, and one section of the steering power cylinder is connected with a steering trapezoid extension knuckle arm.
3. The all-wheel steering snow sweeper all-wheel drive chassis of claim 1, wherein: the electric control rear axle steering system comprises a hydraulic system and an electric control system, wherein the hydraulic system comprises a second steering oil pump, a control valve group, a steering power-assisted centering cylinder (38), a steering energy accumulator (37), a hydraulic oil tank, an oil filter (35), a hydraulic steel pipe, an oil pipe and a hydraulic oil radiator (34) which are arranged on the engine; the electric control system comprises a high-definition display screen, a steering mode selection switch, a valve group (36), an angle sensor I (32), an angle sensor II (39), an oil temperature and pressure sensor and a wire harness; the valve group (36) is independently arranged and accurately controlled, when an engine of a vehicle is shut down or a power source of a hydraulic loop fails, the rear axle is automatically centered and locked, the front axle can rotate by virtue of the power steering gear, and the vehicle can still steer.
4. The all-wheel steering snow sweeper all-wheel drive chassis of claim 1, wherein: the transmission system adopts an automatic gearbox and comprises a first transmission case (4), a first transmission shaft (5), an automatic gearbox (6), a second transmission shaft (7), a transfer case (8), a third transmission shaft (9), a second transmission case (10), a fifth transmission shaft (19), a third transmission case (18), a fourth transmission shaft (17), a sixth transmission shaft (20), a front steering drive axle (22) and a rear steering drive axle (25).
5. The all-wheel steering snow sweeper all-wheel drive chassis of claim 1, wherein: the running system adopts a frame (11) with the same width of 940mm, and the height of the section of the main longitudinal beam is 270 mm; the combined type hydro-pneumatic suspension with the locking function is matched with the steel plate spring (15) and the hydro-pneumatic spring (16).
6. The all-wheel steering snow sweeper all-wheel drive chassis of claim 3, wherein: the hydro-pneumatic suspension comprises a hydro-pneumatic spring (16), a hydro-pneumatic suspension energy accumulator (26), a valve, a connecting steel pipe, hydraulic oil and nitrogen, each side of the hydro-pneumatic suspension is provided with one set of oil-pneumatic suspension energy accumulator, the hydro-pneumatic suspension energy accumulator is independently controlled, the height of the suspension is adjusted to be 1250 +/-50 mm, the handle is pulled off, mechanical locking can be achieved, and the ground clearance of the lower wing surface of the frame is kept to be 1250 mm.
7. The all-wheel steering snow sweeper all-wheel drive chassis of claim 1, wherein: the cab (1) adopts a low-roof C7H-D cab.
8. The all-wheel steering snow sweeper all-wheel drive chassis of claim 1, wherein: the engine (2) adopts an MC engine, a friction plate and a pressure plate are fixed in a flywheel shell of the engine (2) through bolts, an input shaft of a transmission case I (4) penetrates through the friction plate and the pressure plate to be inserted into an output end of a crankshaft of the engine, and an end cover of the transmission case I is connected with the flywheel shell of the engine through bolts; the engine (2) is a power source, output power is transmitted to a friction plate and a pressure plate firstly and is used as power input of a transmission case I (4), the output end of the transmission case I (4) transmits the power to the hydraulic automatic gearbox (6) through a transmission shaft I (5), the hydraulic automatic gearbox (6) is provided with a gearbox radiator (23), the output of the hydraulic automatic gearbox (6) is transmitted to a transfer case (8) through a transmission shaft II (7), the transfer case (8) divides the power into two parts, one part of the power is transmitted to a transmission case II (10) backwards through a transmission shaft III (9), the other part of the power is transmitted to a rear steering drive axle (25) through a transmission shaft VI (20), and rear wheel driving is realized through a wheel assembly (21); the other path of power is transmitted to a third transmission case (18) through a fifth transmission shaft (19) forwards, then transmitted to a front steering drive axle (22) through a fourth transmission shaft (17), and contacted with the ground through a wheel assembly (21), so that the forward and reverse running of the wheels is realized.
9. The all-wheel steering snow removal vehicle all-wheel drive chassis according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the height of the snow sweeper chassis is 3550 plus 3750mm, the axle distance is 5600 plus 6000mm, the total mass is 20-26.5 tons, the ground clearance of the lower wing surface of the frame in a full-load state is 1250 plus 1300mm, and 3000mm of mounting space of upper mounting equipment is reserved between the two transmission boxes.
CN202210514112.3A 2022-05-12 2022-05-12 All-wheel steering snow remover all-wheel drive chassis Active CN114872797B (en)

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