CN114871804A

CN114871804A - Numerical control machine tool capable of performing bidirectional synchronous machining and unidirectional switching

Info

Publication number: CN114871804A
Application number: CN202210696625.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 薛党勤; 耿兴; 时斌杰; 朱元刚; 何杰; 张建伟
Original assignee: Nanyang Yuzhong Precision Machinery Co ltd; Nanyang Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Nanyang Yuzhong Precision Machinery Co ltd; Nanyang Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2022-06-20
Filing date: 2022-06-20
Publication date: 2022-08-09

Abstract

A numerical control machine tool capable of synchronously processing in two directions and switching in one direction comprises a base, wherein a supporting plate is arranged at the upper end of the base, a sliding box is arranged at the front end of the supporting plate, a sleeve seat is arranged at the front end of the sliding box, a plurality of clamping plates are arranged in the sleeve seat, a rotatable driving straight gear is further arranged on the sleeve seat, and a structure that the plurality of clamping plates synchronously move inwards can be formed when the driving straight gear rotates; the lower end of the sliding box is provided with a rotatable first threaded rod, the first threaded rod can form a structure that the sleeve seat turns over and moves upwards when rotating, the lower end of the supporting plate is provided with a rotatable small belt wheel, the upper end of the base is also provided with a first clamping part matched with the sleeve seat, and the small belt wheel can form a structure that the sleeve seat moves back and forth in a reciprocating manner and the first clamping part moves upwards intermittently and gradually when rotating; the synchronous quick cutting device can synchronously and quickly process and cut two ends of the outer surface of the shaft part, and can unidirectionally switch the end face cutting and grooving of the shaft part, so that the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Numerical control machine tool capable of performing bidirectional synchronous machining and unidirectional switching

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to a numerical control machine tool capable of bidirectional synchronous processing and unidirectional switching.

Background

As the machine tool industry of modern industrial foundation stone, the machine tool industry in China is a critical problem that the machine tool industry cannot bypass in any way in the industrial economic development process, and because of inherent deficiency, the machine tool industry in China always falls on the foreign mainstream level in the development of middle and high-end machine tool projects, is in a pursuit process, and the numerical control machine tool in China still falls behind; the numerical control machine tool market in China is huge, compared with foreign products, the difference in China is mainly in high speed, high efficiency and precision of the machine tool, China is in the middle stage of industrialization, namely, the opening mainly solving the shortage is gradually changed to building the economy and strengthening the country, the poverty removal is changed to enriching, and a lot of high-growth industries based on heavy industries such as coal, automobiles, steel, real estate, building materials, machinery, electronics, chemical engineering and the like develop vigorously, so that the huge demand on the machine tool market, particularly the numerical control machine tool, is formed; the numerical control machine tool is widely applied to various fields, and the numerical control machine tool still has some defects in the part machining process, such as incapability of performing bidirectional synchronous machining, incapability of switching the machining direction and the like, so that the efficiency is inevitably reduced in the batch production process; therefore, a numerical control machine tool capable of bidirectional synchronous processing and unidirectional switching is designed to solve the problems mentioned above.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the numerical control machine tool capable of bidirectional synchronous processing and unidirectional switching, which can perform bidirectional synchronous processing and unidirectional switching processing, improve the production efficiency, and effectively solve the problems that the efficiency is inevitably reduced in the batch production process because bidirectional synchronous processing, the processing direction cannot be switched and the like cannot be performed.

In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a numerical control machine tool capable of synchronously processing in two directions and switching in one direction comprises a base, wherein a supporting plate is arranged at the upper end of the base, a sliding box is arranged at the front end of the supporting plate, a sleeve seat is arranged at the front end of the sliding box, a plurality of clamping plates are arranged in the sleeve seat, a rotatable driving straight gear is further arranged on the sleeve seat, and a structure that the plurality of clamping plates synchronously move inwards can be formed when the driving straight gear rotates; the lower end of the sliding box is provided with a rotatable first threaded rod, the first threaded rod can form a structure that the sleeve seat turns over and moves upwards when rotating, the lower end of the supporting plate is provided with a rotatable small belt wheel, the upper end of the base is also provided with a first clamping part matched with the sleeve seat, and the small belt wheel can form a structure that the sleeve seat moves back and forth in a reciprocating mode and the first clamping part moves upwards intermittently and gradually when rotating.

The invention has novel structure, ingenious conception and simple and convenient operation, and compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. according to the invention, the part to be processed is placed in the sleeve seat, the first motor is started, the corresponding clamping plate can clamp and fix the outer surface of the part, and the part can be driven to rotate after clamping and fixing, so that the part can be quickly clamped and fixed; by starting the fourth motor and the fifth motor, the coordinate positions of the second clamping component and the cutter can be adjusted, so that the two ends of the outer surface of the part are synchronously machined, and the efficiency is improved.

2. When the end face of the part needs to be grooved and cut, the sleeve seat can move upwards and turn over for 90 degrees by starting the second motor, and the part can be prevented from colliding with the cutter by moving upwards during turning.

3. By starting the third motor, the first clamping part and the cutter intermittently and gradually move upwards to cut the end face of the part, the impact displacement of the cutter can be adjusted according to the hardness of the part, the cutter is prevented from being excessively worn, and the service life of the cutter is shortened.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an axonometric view I of a numerically controlled machine tool capable of bidirectional synchronous machining and unidirectional switching according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an axonometric view II of a numerically controlled machine tool capable of bidirectional synchronous machining and unidirectional switching according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the sleeve seat of the numerical control machine tool capable of performing bidirectional synchronous machining and unidirectional switching according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a socket of a numerically controlled machine tool capable of performing bi-directional synchronous machining and unidirectional switching according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating the installation of a scroll rack of a numerically controlled machine tool capable of performing bidirectional synchronous machining and unidirectional switching according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a second chuck of a numerically controlled machine tool capable of performing bi-directional synchronous machining and unidirectional switching according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a long slide block of a numerically controlled machine tool capable of performing bidirectional synchronous machining and unidirectional switching according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the slide box installation of the numerically controlled machine tool capable of performing two-way synchronous machining and one-way switching according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a slide box of a numerically controlled machine tool capable of performing bidirectional synchronous machining and unidirectional switching according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the installation of a long connecting rod of a numerically controlled machine tool capable of performing two-way synchronous machining and one-way switching according to the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a supporting plate of a numerically controlled machine tool capable of performing bidirectional synchronous machining and unidirectional switching according to the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the installation of the first disk of the numerically controlled machine tool capable of performing bidirectional synchronous machining and unidirectional switching according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of ratchet installation of a numerically controlled machine tool capable of performing bidirectional synchronous machining and unidirectional switching according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the installation of a concave frame of a numerically controlled machine tool capable of performing two-way synchronous machining and one-way switching according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a square plate of a NC machine tool capable of bi-directional synchronous machining and unidirectional switching according to the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view of the mounting of the supporting cross frame of the numerically controlled machine tool capable of performing bidirectional synchronous machining and unidirectional switching according to the present invention.

Reference numbers in the figures: 1-base, 2-first motor, 3-driving straight gear, 4-sleeve seat, 5-driven straight gear, 6-first chuck plate, 7-volute rack, 8-second chuck plate, 9-fixed disk, 10-long slide block, 11-first slide pin, 12-wedge block, 13-third slide pin, 14-second slide pin, 15-first spring, 16-tension spring, 17-inner slide rod, 18-clamp plate, 19-reset rod, 20-reset pad, 21-connecting column, 22-first straight gear, 23-straight rack, 24-slide box, 25-first slide plate, 26-second motor, 27-first threaded rod, 28-threaded slide block, 29-long slide pin, 30-swing arm, 31-side plate, 32-supporting plate, 33-swing rod, 34-third motor, 35-small belt wheel, 36-large belt wheel, 37-I-shaped sliding plate, 38-first loose pin, 39-first disc, 40-first handle, 41-small screw rod, 42-small sliding block, 43-long connecting rod, 44-fixed seat, 45-square plate, 46-guide rod, 47-concave frame, 48-rocker, 49-ratchet, 50-reset handle, 51-third spring, 52-ratchet wheel, 53-first bevel gear, 54-second bevel gear, 55-nut, 56-lead screw, 57-second handle, 58-worm, 59-worm gear, 60-cylindrical plate, 61-square sliding block, 62-second loose pin, 63-clamping block, 64-a support cross frame, 65-a fourth motor, 66-a second threaded rod, 67-a connecting plate, 68-a fifth motor, 69-a first steering bevel gear, 70-a second steering bevel gear, 71-a bidirectional threaded rod, 72-an extension seat, 73-a third threaded rod, 74-a first rocking handle, 75-a second rocking handle and 76-a connecting shaft.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1-16, the present invention provides a numerical control machine tool capable of performing two-way synchronous processing and one-way switching, which comprises a base 1, wherein a supporting plate 32 is arranged at the upper end of the base 1, a sliding box 24 is arranged at the front end of the supporting plate 32, a sleeve seat 4 is arranged at the front end of the sliding box 24, a plurality of clamping plates 18 are arranged in the sleeve seat 4, a rotatable driving spur gear 3 is further arranged on the sleeve seat 4, and the driving spur gear 3 can form a structure that the plurality of clamping plates 18 synchronously move to the inner side when rotating; the lower extreme of smooth case 24 is equipped with rotatable first threaded rod 27, first threaded rod 27 can constitute cover seat 4 structure of upwards moving while overturning when rotating, layer board 32 lower extreme is equipped with rotatable little band pulley 35, and base 1 upper end still is equipped with the first clamping part with cover seat 4 matched with, can constitute the reciprocal back-and-forth movement of cover seat 4, the structure of the gradual upwards moving of first clamping part intermittent type nature when little band pulley 35 rotates.

As shown in fig. 1-2, 8, 10 and 13, the base 1 plays a role in supporting and fixing the device; two ends of the sleeve seat 4 are provided with second clamping parts, the first clamping part and the second clamping part are used for clamping a cutter, and the structure principle is the same; by placing the part to be machined in the sleeve seat 4, when the driving straight gear 3 rotates, the plurality of clamping plates 18 can clamp and fix the outer surface of the part, and when the straight gear continues to rotate, the part is driven to rotate, and then the cutter of the second clamping component moves, so that the two ends of the outer surface of the part are synchronously machined and cut, and the bidirectional machining is realized; when the direction needs to be switched to cut the end face of the part, namely, when a grooving hole is made on the end face of the shaft, the first threaded rod 27 is rotated, so that the sleeve seat 4 can move upwards while being overturned, the sleeve seat 4 overturns, namely, overturns for 90 degrees, the end face to be processed of the part is downward and moves to the upper end of the position of the first clamping part, and the part can be prevented from colliding with the first clamping part by moving upwards for a certain distance; when the small belt wheel 35 rotates, the sleeve seat 4 can move back and forth in a reciprocating mode, and the first clamping part intermittently and gradually moves upwards, so that the end face of the part is cut.

A first motor 2 is fixedly connected to one side of the sleeve seat 4, a driving straight gear 3 is fixedly connected to the first motor 2, a driven straight gear 5 is meshed to the front end of the driving straight gear 3, a first chuck 6 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the right side of the sleeve seat 4, the driven straight gear 5 is fixedly connected to one side of the first chuck 6, a volute rack 7 is fixedly connected to the other side of the first chuck 6, a second chuck 8 is rotatably connected to the middle of the sleeve seat 4, four long sliding blocks 10 which are uniformly distributed are slidably connected to the inner wall of the second chuck 8, first sliding pins 11 which are meshed with the volute rack 7 are respectively fixedly connected to the surfaces of the right ends of the long sliding blocks 10, a fixed disk 9 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the left end of the sleeve seat 4, second sliding pins 14 are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the left end of each long sliding block 10, and four key-shaped sliding grooves which are uniformly distributed and are meshed with the corresponding second sliding pins 14 are arranged on the inner wall of the fixed disk 9; the clamping plates 18 are respectively mounted at the inner ends of the corresponding long sliders 10.

As shown in fig. 3-7, the first motor 2 is used for providing a rotational force to the driving spur gear 3, the long sliding block 10 can slide inwards or outwards on the inner wall of the second chuck 8, as shown in fig. 6, the first sliding pin 11 is engaged in the spiral rack 7 as shown in fig. 5, the middle parts of the sleeve seat 4, the fixed disk 9, the first chuck 6 and the second chuck 8 are respectively provided with a through hole for the part to be inserted into, when the part needs to be fixed, the part is inserted into the through hole to start the first motor 2, so that the driving spur gear 3 can rotate, the driving spur gear 3 rotates to be engaged with the driven spur gear 5 to drive the driven spur gear 5, the first chuck 6 and the spiral rack 7 to rotate synchronously, because the second sliding pin 14 is engaged with the key-shaped sliding groove, the long sliding block 10 corresponding to the limit position can only move inwards or outwards synchronously when the second sliding pin 14 is engaged with the key-shaped sliding groove, when the scroll rack 7 rotates, the first slide pin 11, the long slider 10, the second slide pin 14, and the clamp plate 18 move inward or outward in synchronization by engagement with the first slide pin 11, and when the clamp plate 18 moves inward, the component is clamped and fixed.

The inner walls of the long sliding blocks 10 are respectively and slidably connected with wedges 12, the second sliding pins 14 are respectively and slidably connected with the inner walls of the corresponding long sliding blocks 10, the inner walls of the left ends of the long sliding blocks 10 are respectively provided with first springs 15 matched with the corresponding second sliding pins 14, the right ends of the second sliding pins 14 are respectively and fixedly connected with third sliding pins 13, V-shaped grooves matched with the corresponding third sliding pins 13 are respectively formed in the wedges 12, the inner side ends of the wedges 12 are respectively and fixedly connected with inner sliding rods 17, the inner side ends of the inner sliding rods 17 respectively penetrate through the inner side end faces of the corresponding long sliding blocks 10 and are slidably connected with the inner walls of the long sliding blocks 10, tension springs 16 matched with the wedges 12 are respectively sleeved on the outer surfaces of the inner sliding rods 17, the clamping plates 18 are respectively and fixedly connected with the inner side end faces of the corresponding inner sliding blocks, the outer side end faces of the wedges 12 are respectively and fixedly connected with reset rods 19, and the outer side end faces of the reset rods 19 are respectively and fixedly connected with reset pads 20.

As shown in fig. 6-7, the left end of the long slider 10 extends backwards and is provided with an extension groove, the long slider 10, the second sliding pin 14, the third sliding pin 13 and the wedge 12 are installed and shaped as shown in fig. 7, the outer surface of the second sliding pin 14 is fixedly connected with a circular ring pad which is slidably connected with the inner wall of the extension groove, the second sliding pin 14 is limited to slide leftwards and rightwards, and the first spring 15 is used for pushing the circular ring pad leftwards, so that the second sliding pin 14 has a driving force leftwards, and the second sliding pin 14 is engaged with the key-shaped sliding groove; the wedges 12 can slide inwards or outwards on the inner wall of the corresponding long slide block 10 respectively; the inner slide bar 17, the clamping plate 18, the tension spring 16, the reset rod 19 and the reset pad 20 are installed and shaped as shown in fig. 7, and the inner slide bar 17, the reset rod 19 and the clamping plate 18 can synchronously slide inwards or outwards respectively; one end of a tension spring 16 is fixedly connected to the end surface of the inner side of the long sliding block 10, the other end of the tension spring 16 is fixedly connected to the corresponding wedge block 12, and the tension spring 16 acts on the wedge block 12 to provide inward driving force; when the scroll rack 7 rotates, the corresponding clamping plate 18, the first sliding pin 11, the second sliding pin 14, the wedge 12, the third sliding pin 13, etc. are driven to synchronously move inwards, when the clamping plate 18 contacts the outer surface of the part, the inward movement is not caused any more, and when the scroll rack 7 continues to rotate, the first sliding pin 11, the long slider 10, the second sliding pin 14, the third sliding pin 13, the first spring 15 continue to synchronously move inwards, because the clamping plate 18 moves inwards to be in contact with the outer surface of the part, the inward movement cannot be caused any more, so that the corresponding inner sliding rod 17, the wedge 12, the reset rod 19, the reset pad 20, etc. do not move inwards any more, when the long slider 10, etc. continues to move inwards, the tension spring 16 is pulled to extend inwards, and the corresponding clamping plate 18 has an inward extrusion force under the self-pulling force of the tension spring 16, so that the part is fixed in the sleeve seat 4, when the scroll rack 7 continues to rotate, the corresponding long slide block 10, the first slide pin 11, the second slide pin 14, the third slide pin 13 and the like move inwards in a synchronous manner, when the third slide pin 13 moves inwards, the third slide pin 13 moves rightwards under the engagement of the third slide pin 13 and the V-shaped groove, the third slide pin 13 moves rightwards, the corresponding second slide pin 14 and the ring pad move rightwards, the ring pad compresses the first spring 15 when moving rightwards, the second slide pin 14 moves rightwards slowly into the long slide block 10, when the second slide pin 14 completely enters the long slide block 10, the second slide pin 14 is disengaged from the corresponding key-shaped sliding groove, the fixed disk 9 does not limit the corresponding second slide pin 14, the long slide block 10 and the like, and when the clamping plate 18 is in a state of pressing inwards, the outer surface of the part is clamped, and when the second slide pin 14, the long slide pin 10 and the like are disengaged from the key-shaped sliding groove, the fixed disk 9 is not limited and the corresponding second slide pin 14, the long slide block 10 and the like, The long slide block 10 and the clamping plate 18 can drive the corresponding long slide block 10, the first slide pin 11, the second slide pin 14, the clamping plate 18 and the like to synchronously rotate circumferentially under the meshing of the first slide pin 11 and the scroll-shaped rack 7, when the clamping plate 18 rotates circumferentially, the part can be driven to rotate, so that the part can rotate along with the driving straight gear 3 to cut and process two ends of the outer surface of the part, and therefore, by starting the first motor 2, the clamping plate 18 can clamp and fix the part firstly, and after clamping and fixing, the clamping plate 18 drives the part to rotate circumferentially, so that the part rotates to cut chips, the clamping and fixing efficiency is improved, and bidirectional synchronous chip cutting processing can be realized; when the parts need to be disassembled after machining, the first motor 2 is started to reversely rotate, the first motor 2 drives the driving straight gear 3 and the volute rack 7 to synchronously reversely rotate when reversely rotating, the volute rack 7 drives the first sliding pin 11, the long sliding block 10, the clamping plate 18, the second sliding pin 14, the third sliding pin 13 and the wedge block 12 to synchronously and circumferentially reversely rotate in a synchronous manner when reversely rotating, when the second sliding pin 14 is reversely rotated to meet the key-shaped chute at the upper end of the corresponding fixed plate 9, the second sliding pin 14 enables the second sliding pin 14 to enter the inner wall of the key-shaped chute again under the self spring of the first spring 15 and the tension spring 16, when the second sliding pin 14 enters the inner wall of the key-shaped chute, the corresponding long sliding block 10, the first sliding pin 11, the wedge block 12, the clamping plate 18 and the like are limited again and do not synchronously and circumferentially rotate along with the volute rack 7 any more, and only synchronously move inwards or outwards, and when the volute rack 7 continuously rotates, the first sliding pin 11 and the second sliding pin 7 are engaged with the first sliding pin 11, The long slider 10, the second sliding pin 14 and the clamping plate 18 synchronously move outwards, the chuck moves outwards and is separated from the contact with the outer surface of the part, namely the outer surface of the part is not clamped, when the long slider 10 and the like move outwards and contact the inner wall of the second chuck 8 with the reset pad 20, the reset of the device is realized, the working principle is the same, and the description is omitted.

The inner wall of the sliding box 24 is connected with a connecting column 21 in a sliding mode, the sleeve seat 4 is fixedly connected to the surface of the front end of the connecting column 21, the surface of the front end of the sliding box 24 is connected with a first sliding plate 25 in a sliding mode, the upper end of the first sliding plate 25 is fixedly connected with a second motor 26, a first threaded rod 27 is fixedly connected to the second motor 26, the outer surface of the first threaded rod 27 is in threaded connection with a threaded sliding block 28 in sliding connection with the first sliding plate 25, a long sliding pin 29 is fixedly connected to the threaded sliding block 28, the front end of the outer surface of the connecting column 21 is provided with a swing arm 30, and the inner wall of the swing arm 30 is provided with a key-shaped sliding groove matched with the long sliding pin 29; the rear end of the outer surface of the connecting column 21 is fixedly connected with a first straight gear 22, the inner wall of the sliding box 24 is fixedly connected with a straight rack 23 meshed with the first straight gear 22, the rear end of the sliding box 24 is rotatably connected with a third threaded rod 73, and the third threaded rod 73 is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the supporting plate 32.

As shown in fig. 8-10, the middle part of the outer surface of the connecting column 21 is fixedly connected with an anti-drop pad, the slide box 24, the connecting column 21, the first straight gear 22 and the spur rack 23 are installed and shaped as shown in fig. 9, and the connecting column 21 can be limited by the anti-drop pad, so that the connecting column 21 can move up and down on the inner wall of the slide box 24 without influencing the rotation of the connecting column 21; the connecting column 21, the swing arm 30, the long sliding pin 29, the threaded slider 28, the first sliding plate 25 and the first threaded rod 27 are installed and shaped as shown in fig. 7, the first sliding plate 25 is connected to the front end surface of the sliding box 24 in an up-and-down sliding manner, bearing seats are fixedly connected to the left end and the right end of the outer surface of the first threaded rod 27 respectively, the bottom ends of the bearing seats are fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the first sliding plate 25 respectively, the first threaded rod 27 can only rotate in a limiting manner, and the threaded slider 28 is connected to the upper end of the first sliding plate 25 in a left-and-right sliding manner; when the second motor 26 is started, the corresponding first threaded rod 27 can be rotated, the first threaded rod 27 can be rotated to enable the threaded slider 28 to move leftwards or rightwards through threaded connection, when the threaded slider 28 moves rightwards, the corresponding long sliding pin 29 can be driven to move rightwards, when the long sliding pin 29 moves rightwards, the swing arm 30 can be driven to swing leftwards through meshing with the key-shaped sliding chute, when the swing arm 30 swings leftwards, the connecting column 21 can be driven to rotate, when the connecting column 21 rotates, the corresponding first straight gear 22 can be driven to rotate, when the first straight gear 22 rotates, the connecting column 21 and the sleeve seat 4 can synchronously move upwards and rotate through meshing with the straight rack 23, so that the sleeve seat 4 can rotate while overturning, and parts in the sleeve seat 4 can be prevented from colliding with a cutter; when the connecting column 21 moves upwards, the corresponding swing arm 30, the first threaded rod 27, the first sliding plate 25 and the like are respectively driven to synchronously move upwards, so that the device keeps normal operation, and when the threaded sliding block 28 moves rightwards, the connecting column 21 can move downwards and reset in a turnover mode, and the principle is the same and is not repeated; the sliding box 24 is connected to the front end surface of the supporting plate 32 in an up-and-down sliding manner, the upper end and the lower end of the outer surface of the third threaded rod 73 are respectively fixedly connected with a bearing seat, the bearing seats are fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the sliding box 24, the third threaded rod 73 can only rotate in a limiting manner, the upper end of the outer surface of the third threaded rod 73 is fixedly connected with a first rocking handle 74, and the first rocking handle 74 is used for conveniently driving the third threaded rod 73 to rotate; the rotation of the third threaded rod 73 is convenient for adjusting the upper and lower positions of the slide box 24, so as to adjust the height position of the part to be processed after being turned over, and the end face of the part to be processed corresponds to the cutter; by rotating the third threaded rod 73, the slide box 24 and the part to be machined can be moved up or down by the threaded connection between the third threaded rod 73 and the supporting plate 32.

Both ends are the rigid coupling respectively has curb plate 31 about base 1 upper end surface rear side, and layer board 32 sliding connection is on two curb plate 31 upper end surfaces, and base 1 upper end surface middle part still rigid coupling has third motor 34, and little band pulley 35 rigid coupling is on third motor 34, and little band pulley 35 upper end rear side area is connected with big band pulley 36, and big band pulley 36 front end surface non-centre of a circle department articulates there is I-shaped slide 37, and two curb plate 31 medial surface lower extremes articulate has a pendulum rod 33, and the pendulum rod 33 middle part is seted up the rectangle spout with I-shaped slide 37 matched with, layer board 32 lower extreme is equipped with first loose pin 38, and pendulum rod 33 upper end is equipped with the fork pocket with first loose pin 38 matched with.

As shown in fig. 10-11, the supporting plate 32 is connected to the two side plates 31 in a front-back sliding manner; the third motor 34 provides a rotating force for the small belt pulley 35, the swing rod 33, the large belt pulley 36, the i-shaped sliding plate 37 and the first loose pin 38 are installed and shaped as shown in fig. 11, the left end and the right end of the outer surface of the first loose pin 38 are fixedly connected with the fixed seats 44 respectively, the fixed seats 44 are fixedly connected to the surface of the lower end of the supporting plate 32, and the first loose pin 38 and the supporting plate 32 are limited to move synchronously; the large belt wheel 36 is rotationally connected with the inner wall of the corresponding side plate 31; when the second motor 26 is started, the corresponding small belt wheel 35 is rotated, the small belt wheel 35 is rotated to drive the large belt wheel 36 to rotate, the large belt wheel 36 is rotated to drive the I-shaped sliding plate 37 to circularly swing, the I-shaped sliding plate 37 is meshed with the rectangular sliding groove to drive the corresponding swing rod 33 to swing when circularly swinging, the swing rod 33 has a snap-back characteristic when swinging, the swing rod 33 can slowly swing forwards under the meshing of the I-shaped sliding plate 37 and the rectangular sliding groove when swinging forwards, the swing rod 33 can quickly swing backwards under the meshing of the I-shaped sliding plate 37 and the rectangular sliding groove when swinging backwards, so that the swing rod 33 has the snap-back characteristic, the first loose pin 38 can also move forwards through the meshing of the fork groove and the first loose pin 38 when swinging forwards, and the first loose pin 38 moves forwards to drive the corresponding supporting plate 32 and the sleeve seat 4 to move forwards in the same step, when the sleeve seat 4 moves forwards, the part is driven to move forwards, and when the part moves forwards, the part is contacted with a cutter, so that the end face of the part is cut; when the swing link 33 swings backwards, the corresponding supporting plate 32, the corresponding part and the like are driven to swing backwards, and because the swing link 33 swings backwards in a sudden way, the corresponding supporting plate 32 and the corresponding part also move backwards in a sudden way, and the end face of the part is not cut when the part moves backwards, so that the cutting efficiency can be improved.

A first disc 39 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the left side of the large belt pulley 36, a small threaded rod 41 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the first disc 39, a small sliding block 42 which is slidably connected with the first disc 39 is in threaded connection with the outer surface of the small threaded rod 41, a long connecting rod 43 is hinged to the end face of the small sliding block 42, a rocker 48 is hinged to the other end of the long connecting rod 43, a fixed seat 44 is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the base 1, a nut 55 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed seat 44, a second bevel gear 54 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the outer surface of the nut 55, a lead screw 56 is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the nut 55, a first clamping part is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the lead screw 56, four guide rods 46 are respectively slidably connected to the inner wall of the outer periphery of the fixed seat 44, and the guide rods 46 are respectively fixedly connected to the first clamping part; the upper end of the second bevel gear 54 is engaged with a first bevel gear 53, the inner wall of the first bevel gear 53 is fixedly connected with a connecting shaft 76, the left side of the outer surface of the connecting shaft 76 is fixedly connected with a ratchet 52, a rocker 48 is sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting shaft 76, the surface of the left end of the rocker 48 is slidably connected with a ratchet 49 engaged with the ratchet 52, and the surface of the upper end of the ratchet 49 is fixedly connected with a third spring 51.

As shown in fig. 10-14, the first disk 39 and the inner wall of the large belt wheel 36 are fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the side plate 31; as shown in fig. 12, a first handle 40 is fixedly connected to one end surface of the small threaded rod 41, the first handle 40 is used for conveniently driving the small threaded rod 41 to rotate, and the small threaded rod 41 can be vertically and slidably connected to the inner wall of the first disc 39; the long connecting rod 43 is arranged and shaped as shown in fig. 10, the rocker 48, the ratchet 52 and the ratchet 49 are arranged and shaped as shown in fig. 13, the outer surface of the connecting shaft 76 is rotatably connected with a bearing seat, the bottom end of the bearing seat is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the fixed seat 44, and the corresponding rocker 48 is sleeved on the connecting shaft 76 and is rotatably connected with the bearing seat, so that the rocker 48 can swing back and forth on the outer surface of the connecting shaft 76; the first clamping component can only move up and down through the limit of the guide rod 46, and the screw rod 56 can only move up and down along with the first clamping component; as shown in fig. 10, a second rocking handle 75 is fixedly connected to one end face of the connecting shaft 76, and the second rocking handle 75 is used for conveniently driving the connecting shaft 76 to rotate; a reset handle 50 is fixedly connected to the surface of one end of the ratchet 49, the reset handle 50 is used for conveniently driving the ratchet 49 to move upwards to be disengaged from the ratchet 52, a stop seat is fixedly connected to the surface of the left end of the rocker 48, the other end of a third spring 51 is fixedly connected to the stop seat, and the ratchet 49 is engaged with the ratchet 52 through the self elasticity of the third spring 51; when the large belt wheel 36 rotates, the first disc 39 is driven to rotate, the first disc 39 rotates to drive one end of the long connecting rod 43 to rotate circularly, the other end of the long connecting rod 43 pulls the rocker 48 to swing back and forth, when the rocker 48 swings forwards, the ratchet 49 is driven to swing forwards synchronously, when the ratchet 49 swings forwards, the ratchet 52 is driven to rotate under the meshing with the ratchet 52, the ratchet 52 rotates and drives the connecting shaft 76 to rotate, the connecting shaft 76 rotates and drives the first bevel gear 53, the second bevel gear 54 and the nut 55 to rotate synchronously, when the nut 55 rotates, the threaded connection with the lead screw 56 drives the lead screw 56 and the first clamping member to move upwards synchronously, when the first clamping part moves upwards, the corresponding cutter is driven to move upwards, so that the cutter can move upwards in a striking manner to cut the end face of the part; when the rocker 48 swings backwards, the ratchet 49 is driven to swing backwards circumferentially, because the ratchet 49 and the ratchet 52 are in one-way engagement, the ratchet 49 compresses the third spring 51 under the engagement of the ratchet 52, and vibrates up and down in a reciprocating manner, namely the ratchet 52 is not driven to rotate any more, so that the first clamping part and the cutter are intermittently and slowly driven to move upwards through the engagement of the ratchet 49 and the ratchet 52, and when the corresponding part moves forwards and slowly to meet the cutter for cutting under the cooperation of the first disc 39 and the large belt wheel 36, the corresponding cutter is slowly driven to move upwards, and when the part moves backwards and quickly, the cutter is in an intermittent stop state, so that the cutting efficiency can be improved, the cutter can be prevented from being excessively worn and reducing the service life; because the materials of the parts to be processed are different, for example, the hardness of the alloy is different when the alloy is cut due to different carbon content, thus, by rotating the first handle 40, the magnitude of the intermittent upward stroking displacement of the tool can be adjusted, therefore, the thickness of each cutting of the cutter is adjusted according to the material of the part, the small threaded rod 41 is rotated by rotating the first handle 40, the small threaded rod 41 is rotated to enable the small sliding block 42 to move inwards or outwards by being connected with the small sliding block 42 in a threaded mode, when the small sliding block 42 moves inwards, the rear end of the corresponding long connecting rod 43 is driven to move inwards, and the small slide block 42 is driven to rotate in a small-radius circumference when the first disc 39 rotates, at this time, one end of the corresponding long connecting rod 43 rotates with a small radius along with the small sliding block 42, and the other end of the long connecting rod 43 drives the corresponding rocker 48 to swing back and forth with a small amplitude, so that the screw rod 56 can intermittently rotate with a small amplitude each time; therefore, the attack displacement of the cutter is reduced, the cutting amount is reduced, when the hardness of the part to be processed is small, the attack displacement of the cutter can be increased by reversing the first handle 40, so that the cutting rate is accelerated, the principle is the same, and the description is omitted; when the screw 56, the first clamping component and the cutter need to be reset, the reset handle 50 is pulled upwards to disengage the ratchet 49 from the ratchet 52, and then the second rocking handle 75 is rotated to realize resetting, which is not described again.

The first clamping part comprises a concave frame 47, a square plate 45 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the concave frame 47, four square sliding blocks 61 which are evenly distributed are slidably connected to the inner wall of the upper end of the square plate 45, clamping blocks 63 are fixedly connected to the upper end surface of each square sliding block 61, a second loose pin 62 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of each square sliding block 61, a cylindrical plate 60 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the lower end of the square plate 45, a worm wheel 59 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the cylindrical plate 60, a worm 58 meshed with the worm wheel 59 is rotatably connected to the lower end surface of the square plate 45, and four sections of inclined sliding grooves which are evenly distributed and matched with the second loose pins 62 are formed in the upper end surface of the cylindrical plate 60.

As shown in fig. 14-15, the lead screw 56 is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the concave frame 47, and the guide rod 46 is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the square plate 45; the left end and the right end of the outer surface of the worm 58 are respectively and rotatably connected with the bearing fixing seats 44, the bottom ends of the bearing fixing seats 44 are respectively and fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the square plate 45, the limiting worm 58 can only rotate, the left side and the right side of the outer surface of the worm 58 are respectively and fixedly connected with the second handles 57, and the second handles 57 are used for conveniently driving the worm 58 to rotate; the square sliding block 61 can synchronously move inwards or outwards; the clamping block 63 is used for clamping a cutter; the second loose pins 62 and the cylindrical plate 60 are installed and shaped as shown in fig. 15, the worm 58 is rotated by rotating the second handle 57, the worm wheel 59 and the cylindrical plate 60 are synchronously rotated by the rotation of the worm 58 through meshing with the worm wheel 59, the cylindrical plate 60 drives the corresponding second loose pins 62 to synchronously move inwards or outwards through meshing with the inclined sliding grooves, and when the second loose pins 62 synchronously move inwards, the corresponding square sliding blocks 61 and the clamping blocks 63 are synchronously moved inwards, so that the clamping blocks 63 clamp and fix the tool, and the worm wheel 59 and the worm 58 have a self-locking function; when the second loose pin 62 moves outwards, the clamping block 63 can spread outwards, and the tool is released and is not clamped and fixed any more, so that the tool can be replaced by a new tool conveniently.

Base 1 upper end surface front side sliding connection has support crossbearer 64, base 1 upper end surface front side still the rigid coupling have fourth motor 65, fourth motor 65 front end rigid coupling has second threaded rod 66, second threaded rod 66 surface threaded connection have with the connecting plate 67 that supports crossbearer 64 rigid coupling, support crossbearer 64 upper end surface left and right sides sliding connection respectively has the extension seat 72, it is equipped with rotatable two-way threaded rod 71 to support crossbearer 64 upper end, extension seat 72 is threaded connection both ends about corresponding two-way threaded rod 71 surface respectively.

As shown in fig. 16, a fifth motor 68 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lower end of the supporting cross frame 64, a first steering bevel gear 69 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the fifth motor 68, a second steering bevel gear 70 is engaged to the upper end of the first steering bevel gear 69, a bidirectional threaded rod 71 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second steering bevel gear 70, bearing blocks fixedly connected to the supporting cross frame 64 are rotatably connected to the left and right ends of the outer surface of the bidirectional threaded rod 71, respectively, the limiting bidirectional threaded rod 71 can only rotate, the extending blocks 72 can be slidably connected to the upper end surface of the supporting cross frame 64 left and right, the supporting cross frame 64 can be slidably connected to the base 1 front and back, two screw threads with the same pitch and different pitches are respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the outer surface of the bidirectional threaded rod 71, so that when the bidirectional threaded rod 71 rotates, the corresponding two extending blocks 72 can synchronously move inward or outward, and the second clamping members are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding extending blocks 72, the second clamping part is used for clamping the cutter on the outer surface of the cutting part, and the structure and the working principle of the second clamping part are the same as those of the first clamping part, so that the description is omitted; when the front and back coordinate position of the second clamping part needs to be adjusted, the fourth motor 65 is started, the second threaded rod 66 can be rotated, and the support cross frame 64 can synchronously move inwards or outwards when the second threaded rod 66 is rotated and is connected with the connecting plate 67 through threads; when the left and right coordinate positions of the second clamping part need to be adjusted, the fifth motor 68 is started, the first bevel steering gear 69, the second bevel steering gear 70 and the bidirectional threaded rod 71 can synchronously rotate, and when the bidirectional threaded rod 71 rotates, the extension seat 72 can synchronously move inwards or outwards through threaded connection with the extension seat 72; thereby adjusting the left and right coordinate position of the second clamping member.

When the part clamping device is used, a part to be machined is placed in the sleeve seat 4, the first motor 2 is started, the corresponding clamping plate 18 can clamp and fix the outer surface of the part, the part can be driven to rotate after clamping and fixing, and the part can be quickly clamped and fixed; by starting the fourth motor 65 and the fifth motor 68, the coordinate positions of the second clamping component and the cutter can be adjusted, so that the two ends of the outer surface of the part are synchronously machined, and the efficiency is improved; when the end face of the part needs to be grooved and cut, the sleeve seat 4 can be turned over by 90 degrees while moving upwards by starting the second motor 26, and the part can be prevented from colliding with a cutter by moving upwards during turning; by starting the third motor 34, the first clamping part and the cutter intermittently and gradually move upwards to cut the end face of the part, and the impact displacement of the cutter can be adjusted according to the hardness of the part, so that the cutter is prevented from being excessively worn and the service life of the cutter is shortened.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a but two-way synchronous processing and one-way switching's digit control machine tool, includes base (1), its characterized in that: the upper end of the base (1) is provided with a supporting plate (32), the front end of the supporting plate (32) is provided with a sliding box (24), the front end of the sliding box (24) is provided with a sleeve seat (4), a plurality of clamping plates (18) are arranged in the sleeve seat (4), the sleeve seat (4) is also provided with a rotatable driving straight gear (3), and the driving straight gear (3) can form a structure that the plurality of clamping plates (18) synchronously move inwards when rotating; the lower end of the sliding box (24) is provided with a rotatable first threaded rod (27), the first threaded rod (27) can form a structure that the sleeve seat (4) can move upwards while being turned over when rotating, the lower end of the supporting plate (32) is provided with a rotatable small belt wheel (35), the upper end of the base (1) is further provided with a first clamping part matched with the sleeve seat (4), and the small belt wheel (35) can form a structure that the sleeve seat (4) can move back and forth in a reciprocating mode and the first clamping part can move upwards intermittently and gradually when rotating.

2. The numerically controlled machine tool capable of synchronously machining in two directions and switching in one direction according to claim 1, wherein: cover seat (4) one side rigid coupling has first motor (2), initiative straight-teeth gear (3) rigid coupling is on first motor (2), initiative straight-teeth gear (3) front end meshing has driven straight-teeth gear (5), the right side inner wall of cover seat (4) rotates and is connected with first (6) chuck, driven straight-teeth gear (5) rigid coupling is in one side of first (6) chuck, the opposite side rigid coupling of first (6) has vortex rack (7), cover seat (4) middle part rotates and is connected with second (8), second (8) chuck inner wall sliding connection has four long sliders (10) that distribute evenly, long slider (10) right-hand member surface rigid coupling has first sliding pin (11) with vortex rack (7) meshing mutually respectively, cover seat (4) left end inner wall rigid coupling has fixed disk (9), long slider (10) left end inner wall is equipped with second sliding pin (14) respectively, fixed disk (9) inner wall is seted up four sections and is evenly distributed and is slided with the key that corresponding second sliding pin (14) mesh mutually A groove; the clamping plates (18) are respectively arranged at the inner side ends of the corresponding long sliding blocks (10).

3. A numerically controlled machine tool capable of performing synchronous machining in both directions and switching in one direction according to claim 2, wherein: the inner wall of the long sliding block (10) is respectively connected with a wedge block (12) in a sliding manner, the second sliding pins (14) are respectively connected with the inner wall of the corresponding long sliding block (10) in a sliding manner, the inner wall of the left end of the long sliding block (10) is respectively provided with a first spring (15) matched with the corresponding second sliding pin (14), the right end of the second sliding pin (14) is respectively and fixedly connected with a third sliding pin (13), the wedge block (12) is respectively provided with a V-shaped groove matched with the corresponding third sliding pin (13), the inner side end of the wedge block (12) is respectively and fixedly connected with an inner sliding rod (17), the inner side end of the inner sliding rod (17) respectively penetrates through the inner side end face of the corresponding long sliding block (10) and is connected with the inner wall of the long sliding block (10) in a sliding manner, the outer surface of the inner sliding rod (17) is respectively sleeved with a tension spring (16) matched with the wedge block (12), the clamping plates (18) are respectively and fixedly connected with the inner side end faces of the corresponding inner sliding block, and the outer side end faces of the wedge block (12) are respectively and fixedly connected with a reset rod (19), the outer side end faces of the reset rods (19) are respectively fixedly connected with reset pads (20).

4. The numerically controlled machine tool capable of synchronously machining in two directions and switching in one direction according to claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of the sliding box (24) is connected with a connecting column (21) in a sliding mode, the sleeve seat (4) is fixedly connected to the front end surface of the connecting column (21), the front end surface of the sliding box (24) is connected with a first sliding plate (25) in a sliding mode, the upper end of the first sliding plate (25) is fixedly connected with a second motor (26), a first threaded rod (27) is fixedly connected to the second motor (26), the outer surface of the first threaded rod (27) is in threaded connection with a threaded sliding block (28) in a sliding mode with the first sliding plate (25), a long sliding pin (29) is fixedly connected to the threaded sliding block (28), the front end of the outer surface of the connecting column (21) is provided with a swing arm (30), and the inner wall of the swing arm (30) is provided with a key-shaped sliding chute matched with the long sliding pin (29); the rear end of the outer surface of the connecting column (21) is fixedly connected with a first straight gear (22), the inner wall of the sliding box (24) is fixedly connected with a straight rack (23) meshed with the first straight gear (22), the rear end of the sliding box (24) is rotatably connected with a third threaded rod (73), and the third threaded rod (73) is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the supporting plate (32).

5. The numerically controlled machine tool capable of synchronously machining in two directions and switching in one direction according to claim 1, wherein: both ends are the rigid coupling respectively about base (1) upper end surface rear side have curb plate (31), layer board (32) sliding connection is on two curb plate (31) upper end surfaces, base (1) upper end surface middle part still rigid coupling has third motor (34), little band pulley (35) rigid coupling is on third motor (34), little band pulley (35) upper end rear side area is connected with big band pulley (36), big band pulley (36) front end surface non-centre of a circle department articulates there is I-shaped slide (37), two curb plate (31) inboard terminal surface lower extreme articulates there is a pendulum rod (33), the rectangle spout with I-shaped slide (37) matched with is seted up at pendulum rod (33) middle part, layer board (32) lower extreme is equipped with first loose pin (38), pendulum rod (33) upper end is equipped with the fork pocket with first loose pin (38) matched with.

6. The numerically controlled machine tool capable of synchronously machining in two directions and switching in one direction according to claim 5, wherein: a first disc (39) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the left side of the large belt wheel (36), a small threaded rod (41) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the first disc (39), a small sliding block (42) which is slidably connected with the first disc (39) is in threaded connection with the outer surface of the small threaded rod (41), a long connecting rod (43) is hinged to the end surface of the small sliding block (42), a rocker (48) is hinged to the other end of the long connecting rod (43), a fixed seat (44) is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the base (1), a nut (55) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed seat (44), a second bevel gear (54) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the outer surface of the nut (55), a lead screw (56) is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the nut (55), a first clamping part is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the lead screw (56), four guide rods (46) are respectively and slidably connected to the inner wall of the periphery of the fixed seat (44), and the guide rods (46) are respectively fixedly connected to the first clamping part; the upper end of the second bevel gear (54) is engaged with a first bevel gear (53), the inner wall of the first bevel gear (53) is fixedly connected with a connecting shaft (76), the left side of the outer surface of the connecting shaft (76) is fixedly connected with a ratchet wheel (52), a rocker (48) is sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting shaft (76), the surface of the left end of the rocker (48) is slidably connected with a ratchet (49) engaged with the ratchet wheel (52), and the surface of the upper end of the ratchet (49) is fixedly connected with a third spring (51).

7. The numerically controlled machine tool capable of synchronously machining in two directions and switching in one direction according to claim 1, wherein: the first clamping part comprises a concave frame (47), a square plate (45) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the concave frame (47), four square sliding blocks (61) which are evenly distributed are slidably connected to the inner wall of the upper end of the square plate (45), clamping blocks (63) are fixedly connected to the upper end surface of each square sliding block (61), second movable pins (62) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of each square sliding block (61) respectively, a cylindrical plate (60) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the lower end of the square plate (45), a worm wheel (59) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the cylindrical plate (60), a worm (58) meshed with the worm wheel (59) is rotatably connected to the lower end surface of the square plate (45), and oblique sliding grooves which are evenly distributed in four sections and matched with the second movable pins (62) are formed in the upper end surface of the cylindrical plate (60).

8. The numerically controlled machine tool capable of synchronously machining in two directions and switching in one direction according to claim 1, wherein: base (1) upper end surface front side sliding connection has support crossbearer (64), base (1) upper end surface front side still the rigid coupling have fourth motor (65), fourth motor (65) front end rigid coupling has second threaded rod (66), second threaded rod (66) surface threaded connection has and supports connecting plate (67) of crossbearer (64) rigid coupling, support crossbearer (64) upper end surface left and right sides sliding connection respectively has extension seat (72), support crossbearer (64) upper end is equipped with rotatable two-way threaded rod (71), extension seat (72) are threaded connection respectively and are both ends about corresponding two-way threaded rod (71) surface.