CN114871100B

CN114871100B - Combined aerodynamic three-stage separation equipment and adjusting method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114871100B
Application number: CN202210509082.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李新宇; 秦凡
Original assignee: Hefei University of Technology
Current assignee: Hefei University of Technology
Priority date: 2022-05-10
Filing date: 2022-05-10
Publication date: 2024-01-26
Anticipated expiration: 2042-05-10
Also published as: CN114871100A

Abstract

The invention relates to combined aerodynamic three-stage separation equipment and an adjusting method thereof. The sorting apparatus includes: static sorting device and dynamic sorting device. The static sorting device comprises a spreading mechanism, wherein the spreading mechanism comprises a plurality of spreading plates. The material spreading plates are used for sequentially rebounding and spreading materials falling from the upper part into the first air duct so as to convey the materials to the first discharge hole or the connecting box. The material plate adjusting mechanism is used for synchronously adjusting the horizontal inclination angles of the material spreading plates so as to adjust the duty ratio of the target product conveyed to the first discharge port or the connecting box. The dynamic sorting device comprises a rotating cage sorting mechanism and an air guide adjusting mechanism. The rotating cage sorting mechanism is used for conveying the material in the second air duct to the second discharge port or the third discharge port. The air guide adjusting mechanism is used for synchronously adjusting the angle of the air guide blade and adjusting the duty ratio of various target products conveyed to the second discharge port or the third discharge port. The sorting equipment can improve the sorting efficiency and the sorting effect of sand and stone material sorting.

Description

Combined aerodynamic three-stage separation equipment and adjusting method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sand making industry, in particular to combined aerodynamic three-stage separation equipment and an adjusting method of the combined aerodynamic three-stage separation equipment.

Background

The sand stone is a necessary raw material for construction engineering, the existing dry sand making process adopts a vibrating screen for multi-working-condition screening, the materials after primary screening are subjected to secondary crushing, then the materials enter the fine crushing vibrating screen for screening, the grading efficiency is low, and the dust in the working environment is much. Moreover, the traditional equipment has low intelligent degree and poor grading effect, and needs a large amount of manpower and material resources.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the problems, in the prior art, that the classification efficiency of sand and stone material separation is low and the classification effect is poor, the invention provides combined aerodynamic three-stage separation equipment and an adjusting method thereof.

The invention discloses combined aerodynamic three-stage separation equipment which is used for carrying out two-stage separation on materials so as to obtain three types of target products. The target product comprises coarse particles, medium particles and fine particles in sequence from large to small according to the particle size range. The tertiary sorting apparatus includes: static sorting device and dynamic sorting device.

The static sorting device comprises a static sorting box, a connecting box, a spreading mechanism and a material plate adjusting mechanism. The top of the static separation box is provided with a feeding port, and the bottom of the static separation box is provided with a first discharging port for discharging coarse particles. The static separation box is internally provided with an air duct I which extends obliquely downwards. One end of the first air channel is an air inlet, and the other end of the first air channel is upwards bent and communicated with the bottom of the connecting box. The material spreading mechanism is arranged in the first air duct, one end of the material spreading mechanism points to the feeding port, and the other end of the material spreading mechanism is positioned above the first discharging port. The spreading mechanism comprises a plurality of spreading plates which are parallel to each other. The blanking point of each spreading plate is positioned above the receiving point of the spreading plate adjacently below. The material spreading plates are used for sequentially rebounding and spreading materials falling from the upper part into the first air duct so as to convey the materials to the first discharge hole or the connecting box. The material plate adjusting mechanism is used for synchronously adjusting the inclination angles between the material spreading plates and the horizontal plane so as to change the contact time of the material and the first air duct and further adjust the duty ratio of various target products conveyed to the first discharge port or the connecting box.

The dynamic sorting device comprises a dynamic sorting box, a collecting box, a rotating cage sorting mechanism and an air guide adjusting mechanism. The collecting box is provided with a second discharge hole for discharging the medium particles. The collection box is coaxially arranged at the lower half part in the dynamic separation box, and the collection box and the dynamic separation box form a first interlayer channel communicated with the top of the connection box. The rotating cage sorting mechanism comprises a grading rotating cage and a plurality of wind guide blades distributed along the circumference of the inner side of the dynamic sorting box. The classifying rotating cage is coaxially arranged at the upper half part in the dynamic sorting box, and a third discharging hole for discharging fine particles is arranged at the top of the classifying rotating cage. And an air duct II communicated with the first interlayer channel is formed between the outer edge of the grading rotating cage and the plurality of air guide blades. The rotating cage sorting mechanism is used for conveying the materials in the second air duct to the second discharge port or the third discharge port. The air guide adjusting mechanism is used for synchronously adjusting the radial angle of each air guide blade, so that the gaps between every two adjacent air guide blades are synchronously adjusted, the local air flow speed between every two adjacent air guide blades is then adjusted, and finally, the duty ratio of various target products conveyed to the second discharge port or the third discharge port is adjusted.

In one embodiment, the first discharge port is integrally connected with a first discharge pipe. The plurality of spreading plates are distributed stepwise along the inclined direction of the first air channel. Each spreading plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the static sorting bin. One side of the static sorting box is provided with a plurality of arc waist-shaped grooves which respectively correspond to the plurality of spreading plates. The flitch adjustment mechanism includes: the device comprises a plurality of adjusting arms, a transmission arm, a first driving motor and a plurality of sealing gaskets, wherein the adjusting arms, the transmission arm and the first driving motor correspond to the spreading plates respectively, and the sealing gaskets correspond to the spreading plates respectively.

One end of each adjusting arm is a rotating end, and the other end is a swinging end. The rotating end of the adjusting arm is rotatably connected to the outer side of the static sorting box, and the rotating shaft is coaxial with the rotating shaft of the corresponding material spreading plate. The swing end of each adjusting arm is fixedly connected with the corresponding spreading plate through a connecting rod, and the connecting rod penetrates through the corresponding arc waist-shaped groove.

The transmission arm is fixedly connected with the swinging ends of the plurality of adjusting arms.

The first driving motor is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the static sorting box. An output shaft of the first driving motor is fixedly connected with the rotating end of one of the adjusting arms in a coaxial mode.

One side of the sealing gasket is fixedly connected to the corresponding spreading plate, and the other side of the sealing gasket is contacted with the inner wall of the static separation box and keeps covering the arc-shaped waist-shaped groove.

In one embodiment, the grading rotating cage is in a cylindrical hollow shape and comprises two circular plates which are parallel to each other and a plurality of blades which are circumferentially distributed between the two circular plates. The third discharge hole is arranged at the center of the circular plate above. The center of the circular plate positioned below is also provided with a round table-shaped bulge. The lower half part of the dynamic separation box and the collection box are in an inverted cone shape, and a first interlayer channel formed between the lower half part of the dynamic separation box and the collection box is in a cone ring shape. The upper half part of the dynamic separation box is cylindrical. And a second interlayer channel is formed between the plurality of air guide blades and the inner wall of the dynamic separation box. The bottom of the second sandwich channel is communicated with the top of the first sandwich channel. The second air duct is in a cylindrical annular shape, and the bottom of the second air duct is just above the collecting box. The outer side of the second air duct can sequentially pass through gaps among the plurality of air guide blades and the second interlayer channel, so that the second air duct is communicated with the first interlayer channel. The inner side of the second air duct can sequentially pass through gaps among the plurality of blades and the inside of the grading rotating cage, so that the second air duct is communicated with the third discharge hole.

Wherein, the second discharge port is communicated with a second discharge pipe. One end of the second discharging pipe penetrates through the first interlayer channel and is communicated with the outer space of the dynamic separation box. The top of the dynamic separation box is connected with a third discharging pipe, and the bottom of the third discharging pipe is communicated with a third discharging hole. The third discharging pipe is in a right-angle bending shape.

In one embodiment, the cage sorting mechanism further comprises: the air draft mechanism, the bull stick and second driving motor.

The exhaust end of the exhaust mechanism is connected with one end of the third discharging pipe, which is far away from the dynamic sorting box. The air draft mechanism is used for providing a negative pressure air flow which sequentially passes through the first interlayer channel, the second interlayer channel, the plurality of air guide blades, the second air duct, the inside of the grading rotating cage and the third discharge hole for the inside of the dynamic sorting box.

One end of the rotating rod is rotationally connected with the bending part of the third discharging pipe, and the other end of the rotating rod stretches into the third discharging hole and is fixedly connected with the round table-shaped bulge part in the grading rotating cage.

The second driving motor is fixed on the third discharging pipe and used for driving the rotating rod to drive the classifying rotating cage to rotate.

When the classifying rotating cage rotates, centrifugal force is provided for materials in the air duct II, and the magnitude of the centrifugal force is positively correlated with the rotating speed of the classifying rotating cage.

In one embodiment the air guiding adjustment mechanism comprises: the solar energy driving device comprises a sun gear ring, planetary gears respectively corresponding to a plurality of wind guiding blades and a third driving motor.

The sun gear ring is coaxially and rotatably arranged in the dynamic sorting box.

Each planetary gear is fixedly connected to the corresponding wind guide blade, and the axial lead of each planetary gear is coaxial with the rotating shaft of the corresponding wind guide blade. A plurality of circumferential gears are disposed along the inner circumference of the sun gear ring and are simultaneously in meshed connection with the sun gear ring.

The third driving motor is used for driving the sun gear ring to rotate along the axis of the sun gear ring.

The tertiary sorting apparatus further includes: and a detection device. The detection device is used for detecting the real-time granularity of the materials passing through the first discharge port, the second discharge port and the third discharge port respectively and calculating the corresponding target product duty ratio of each discharge port in real time.

The invention also discloses an adjusting method of the combined aerodynamic three-stage separation equipment, which is applied to the combined aerodynamic three-stage separation equipment and is used for adjusting the corresponding target product duty ratio at three discharge ports in the equipment. The adjusting method comprises the following steps:

s1, detecting the particle size of materials passing through the first discharge port, the second discharge port and the third discharge port in real time, and calculating the corresponding target product duty ratio of each discharge port in a preset time period in real time.

S2, judging one of the discharge ports, of which the corresponding target product ratio needs to be improved, according to the corresponding target product ratio of each discharge port.

S3, judging that the first discharge port needs to increase the coarse particle duty ratio, and increasing the coarse particle duty ratio of the first discharge port. The method for improving the coarse particle duty ratio of the first discharge port comprises the following steps:

S31, calculating a difference value I between the ratio of coarse particles passing through the first discharge hole and a corresponding preset expected threshold value in a preset time period.

S32, according to the first difference value, the working states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device are synchronously adjusted respectively, so that the coarse particle duty ratio of the first discharge port is improved.

S4, judging that the second discharge port needs to be improved in the proportion of the medium particles, and improving the proportion of the medium particles in the second discharge port. The method for improving the proportion of the medium particles in the second discharge hole comprises the following steps:

s41, respectively judging the quantity relation between the coarse particle duty ratio a and the fine particle duty ratio b passing through the second discharge port and the corresponding preset expected threshold value in the preset time period.

S42, when the coarse particle duty ratio a is larger than the corresponding preset expected threshold value, calculating a difference value II between the coarse particle duty ratio a and the corresponding preset expected threshold value, and respectively synchronously adjusting the working states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device according to the difference value II so as to reduce the coarse particle duty ratio a passing through the second discharge port and further improve the medium particle duty ratio of the second discharge port.

S43, when the fine particle duty ratio b is larger than the preset expected threshold value corresponding to the fine particle duty ratio b, calculating a difference value III between the fine particle duty ratio b and the preset expected threshold value corresponding to the fine particle duty ratio b, and respectively synchronously adjusting the working states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device according to the difference value III so as to reduce the fine particle duty ratio b passing through the second discharge port, thereby improving the middle particle duty ratio of the second discharge port.

S5, judging that the third discharge port needs to be improved in fine particle duty ratio, and improving the fine particle duty ratio of the third discharge port. The method for improving the fine particulate matter ratio of the third discharge port comprises the following steps:

s51, calculating a difference value IV between the ratio of the fine particles passing through the third discharge hole and a corresponding preset expected threshold value in preset time.

S52, according to the fourth difference, the working states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device are synchronously adjusted respectively, so that the proportion of fine particles of the third discharge port is improved.

In one embodiment, in step S32, when the operating states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device are respectively adjusted, the following decision is performed:

(1) And the air suction efficiency of the air suction mechanism is improved.

(2) The material plate adjusting mechanism is started to synchronously reduce the inclination angles between the material spreading plates and the horizontal plane.

(3) The air guide adjusting mechanism is started to synchronously increase the gap between every two adjacent air guide blades.

(4) The rotating speed of the classifying rotating cage is improved.

In one embodiment, in step S42, when the operating states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device are synchronously adjusted, the following decision is performed:

(1) The air suction efficiency of the air suction mechanism is reduced.

(2) The material plate adjusting mechanism is started to synchronously increase the inclination angles between the material spreading plates and the horizontal plane.

(4) The rotating speed of the classifying rotating cage is improved.

In one embodiment, in step S43, when the operating states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device are synchronously adjusted, the following decision is performed:

(1) The air suction efficiency of the air suction mechanism is kept unchanged.

(2) The air guide adjusting mechanism is started to synchronously reduce the gap between every two adjacent air guide blades.

(3) The rotational speed of the classifying rotating cage is reduced.

In one embodiment, in step S52, when the operating states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device are respectively adjusted, the following decision is performed:

(1) The air suction efficiency of the air suction mechanism is reduced.

(2) The material plate adjusting mechanism is started to synchronously increase the inclination angle between each material spreading plate and the horizontal plane.

(4) The rotating speed of the classifying rotating cage is improved.

Compared with the prior art, the combined aerodynamic three-stage separation equipment and the adjusting method thereof disclosed by the invention have the following beneficial effects:

1. the sorting equipment utilizes the material plate adjusting mechanism to change the contact angle between the material and the material spreading plate when the material falls, thereby changing the falling gesture and speed of the material. When the horizontal dip angle of the material spreading plate becomes smaller, the contact surface of the material spreading plate becomes horizontal, the rebound speed of the material after the material contacts with the material spreading plate slows down the falling speed of the material, the contact time of the material and an air duct and an air field is prolonged, the probability that smaller particles in the material enter the next sorting stage is increased, and therefore air sorting is better conducted, and sorting precision is improved. When the horizontal inclination of the material spreading plate becomes larger, the contact surface of the material spreading plate becomes vertical, the rebound speed of the material after the material contacts with the material spreading plate accelerates the falling speed of the material, so that the air separation time is shortened, the discharging is faster, and the separation efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the sorting equipment utilizes the air guide adjusting mechanism to adjust the change of the local flow field, when the gaps between the air guide blades are enlarged, the airflow velocity between the gaps is reduced, so that the airflow drag force born by the materials in the air duct II is reduced, and under the condition that the rotating speed of the classifying rotating cage is unchanged, namely the centrifugal force born by the materials is unchanged, the probability that larger particles enter the classifying rotating cage is reduced. When the gap between the wind guiding vanes becomes smaller, the above situation is reversed. Operators can achieve better grading efficiency and grading precision through the material plate adjusting mechanism and the air guide adjusting mechanism according to actual production conditions.

2. The separation equipment adopts an air classification principle based on a gas-solid two-phase flow, and is different from the traditional vibration sieve classification principle. The device utilizes the vortex classification and inertial centrifugal classification principles to determine classification according to the centrifugal force, air resistance and airflow drag force of material particles. Particle screening with different specification particle sizes can be realized by adjusting the working state of each mechanism, the size of the particle size of the sorted material is controllable, and the applicability of the equipment is improved.

3. According to the adjusting method, the material granularity of different discharge ports is detected, and the target particle duty ratio passing through the different discharge ports is monitored in real time, so that an operator can improve the grading precision of any discharge port according to the self requirements, and the grading efficiency and the grading precision of the sorting equipment are further improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a sorting apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the interior of the static sort bin of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of the deck adjustment mechanism of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the adjusting mechanism and multiple spreading plates in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the interior of the dynamic sorting apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the dynamic sorting apparatus of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a lower half of the dynamic sorting box of FIG. 6

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the bottom half of the dynamic sorting bin of FIG. 7 and the collection bin forming a first sandwich channel;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the internal partial perspective structure of the dynamic sorting apparatus of FIG. 6;

FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of the plurality of wind guiding vanes and the classifying rotor cage of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a schematic top view of the interior of the dynamic sorting apparatus of FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of the grading cage of FIG. 10;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of two adjacent wind guiding vanes and planetary gears in FIG. 10;

FIG. 14 is a flow chart of a method of conditioning a combined aerodynamic three stage separation device in accordance with embodiment 2 of the present invention; .

Description of the main reference signs

1. A static sorting box; 101. a first discharge port; 102. a feeding port; 103. an air duct I; 104. an arc-shaped waist-shaped groove; 2. a connection box; 3. a spreading mechanism; 31. a spreading plate; 4. a material plate adjusting mechanism; 41. an adjusting arm; 42. a transmission arm; 43. a sealing gasket; 5. a dynamic sorting box; 501. a first interlayer channel; 502. a second interlayer channel; 503. an air duct II; 6. a collection box; 601. a second discharge port; 7. a rotating cage sorting mechanism; 71. a grading rotating cage; 701. a third discharge port; 711. a circular plate; 712. a blade; 72. wind guiding blades; 73. a rotating rod; 74. a second driving motor; 8. an air guide adjusting mechanism; 81. a sun gear ring; 82. a planetary gear; 9. a second discharge pipe; 10. and a third discharging pipe.

The foregoing general description of the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and detailed description.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

It is noted that when an element is referred to as being "mounted to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly secured to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "or/and" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a combined aerodynamic three-stage separation device for two-stage separation of materials, thereby obtaining three types of target products. The target product comprises coarse particles, medium particles and fine particles in sequence from large to small according to the particle size range. The tertiary sorting apparatus includes: static sorting device and dynamic sorting device. In this embodiment, the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device respectively perform two-stage sorting on the materials, so as to obtain the three types of target products.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the static sorting apparatus includes a static sorting box 1, a connecting box 2, a spreading mechanism 3, and a material plate adjusting mechanism 4.

The top of the static separation box 1 is provided with a feeding port 102, and the bottom is provided with a first discharging port 101 for discharging coarse particles. The first discharge port 101 may be integrally connected with a first discharge pipe. Inside the static sorting box 1 is arranged an air duct 103 extending obliquely downwards. One end of the first air channel 103 is an air inlet, and the other end is upwards bent and communicated with the bottom of the connecting box 2. In this embodiment, the static sorting box 1 may be configured as an extension body having a cross-sectional shape similar to an "L" shape, the first air duct 103 being disposed at a "long portion" of the extension body, and the other end of the first air duct 103 being bent is disposed at a "short portion" of the extension body.

The spreading mechanism 3 is arranged in the first air duct 103, one end of the spreading mechanism points to the feeding port 102, and the other end of the spreading mechanism is positioned above the first discharging port 101. The spreading mechanism 3 comprises a plurality of spreading plates 31 parallel to each other. In this embodiment, each spreader plate 31 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the static sorting deck 1. The plurality of spreading plates 31 may be distributed stepwise along the inclined direction of the channel one 103. In this way, the blanking point of each spreader plate 31 is located above the receiving point of the adjacent lower spreader plate 31. The material spreading plates 31 are used for sequentially rebounding and spreading the material falling from above into the first air duct 103 so as to convey the material to the first discharge hole 101 or the connecting box 2.

The material particles reach the maximum falling speed under the action of gravity and air resistance and are in impact contact with the uppermost material spreading plate 31, after the material is impacted and dispersed by the uppermost material spreading plate 31, the material particles rebound and continue to fall to the adjacent material spreading plate 31 below in a parabolic manner, and the material particles fall between the material spreading plates 31 to form a thin material curtain like a waterfall. The wind of the first air duct 103 passes through the particle "curtain", and under the action of the drag force of the air flow, smaller particles are screened out due to gravity less than the drag force of the air flow, enter the junction box 2 along with the track of the air flow, and are conveyed to the dynamic sorting apparatus. The larger particles are discharged from the first discharge port 101 due to gravity greater than the drag force of the air flow, along with the "curtain" trajectory of the particles, until they bounce upon impact by the last spreader plate.

In this embodiment, a plurality of arc-shaped waist-shaped grooves 104 corresponding to the plurality of spreader plates 31, respectively, may be formed on one side of the static sort bin 1. The function of the arcuate waist-shaped slot 104 is to transfer the connection between the material plate adjusting mechanism 4 and the plurality of material spreading plates 31, as described below.

Referring to fig. 3, the material plate adjusting mechanism 4 is configured to synchronously adjust the inclination angles between the plurality of material spreading plates 31 and the horizontal plane, so as to change the contact time between the material and the first air duct 103, and further adjust the duty ratio of various target products conveyed to the first material outlet 101 or the connecting box 2. The tray adjustment mechanism 4 may include: the material plate adjusting mechanism 4 may further include a first driving motor and a plurality of sealing gaskets 43 corresponding to the material plates 31 in the present embodiment.

Referring to fig. 4, in the present embodiment, one end of each adjusting arm 41 is a rotating end, and the other end is a swinging end. The rotating end of the adjusting arm 41 is rotatably connected to the outside of the static sorting deck 1 and the rotation axis is coaxial with the rotation axis of the corresponding spreader plate 31. The swinging end of each adjusting arm 41 is fixedly connected with the corresponding spreading plate 31 through a connecting rod, and the connecting rod penetrates through the corresponding arc-shaped waist-shaped groove 104. The actuator arm 42 may be fixedly connected to the swing ends of the plurality of adjustment arms 41 at the same time. The action of the actuator arm 42 is to perform a synchronous movement in cooperation with the plurality of adjustment arms 41. When the swinging end of any one of the adjusting arms 41 swings, the driving arm 42 drives the other adjusting arms 41 to swing synchronously, so that all the spreading plates 31 can adjust the inclination angle with the horizontal plane synchronously. The first drive motor may be fixedly mounted on the outside of the static sort bin 1. The output shaft of the first drive motor is fixedly connected coaxially with the rotating end of one of the regulating arms 41.

In this embodiment, when the material plate adjusting mechanism 4 operates, the first driving motor is operated to drive the rotating end of one of the adjusting arms 41 to rotate, and the swinging end swings. Thereby driving the plurality of adjusting arms 41 to synchronously move through the driving arms 42, and driving the plurality of spreading plates 31 to adjust the included angle with the horizontal plane in the static sorting box 1 through the plurality of connecting rods. In this embodiment, the default (initial) setting angle of the spreader plate 31 may be selected to be 40 degrees, and the interval of the adjustment angle may be set to plus or minus 15 degrees.

In this embodiment, the contact angle between the material falling and the spreader plate 31 can be changed by adjusting the inclination angle between the spreader plate 31 and the horizontal plane (hereinafter referred to as the horizontal inclination angle of the spreader plate 31), so that the posture and the speed of the material falling are changed. When the horizontal inclination angle of the material spreading plate 31 becomes smaller, the contact surface of the material spreading plate 31 becomes horizontal, the rebound speed of the material after the material contacts with the material spreading plate 31 slows down the falling speed of the material, the contact time of the material and the first 103 wind field of the wind channel is prolonged, and the air sorting is better carried out. When the horizontal inclination of the spreading plate 31 becomes larger, the contact surface of the spreading plate 31 becomes vertical, and the rebound speed after the material contacts with the spreading plate 31 accelerates the falling speed of the material, so that the air separation time is shortened, and the discharging is faster.

One side of the sealing gasket 43 can be fixedly connected to the corresponding spreader plate 31, and the other side can be contacted with the inner wall of the static sorting bin 1 and can keep covering the arc-shaped waist-shaped groove 104. In this embodiment, the sealing gaskets 43 are configured to have a shape corresponding to the arc-shaped waist-shaped groove 104, and the difference is that the radian of each sealing gasket 43 is as large as possible that of the arc-shaped waist-shaped groove 104, so that no matter how the spreader plate 31 rotates to adjust the angle in the static sorting box 1, the corresponding sealing gasket 43 can better cover the arc-shaped concave groove 104, thereby ensuring the air tightness in the static sorting box 1 and keeping the air flow in the first air duct 103 stable when the material plate adjusting mechanism 4 operates.

Referring to fig. 5 to 11, the dynamic sorting apparatus includes a dynamic sorting box 5, a collecting box 6, a rotating cage sorting mechanism 7, and an air guiding adjusting mechanism 8.

The dynamic sorting bin 5 may be constituted by a cylindrical portion in the upper half, and an inverted conical portion in the lower half. The collection box 6 is provided with a second discharge port 601 for discharging the medium particles. The second discharging hole 601 is communicated with a second discharging pipe 9. One end of the second discharging pipe 9 penetrates through the first interlayer channel 501 and is communicated with the outer space of the dynamic sorting box 5, so that materials in the second discharging hole 601 can be conveyed to the outside of the dynamic sorting box 5 through the second discharging pipe 9. The collection box 6 is coaxially arranged in the lower half of the dynamic sorting box 5 and both form a first sandwich channel 501 communicating with the top of the connecting box 2. In this embodiment, the collection box 6 and the lower half of the dynamic sorting box 5 may have an inverted cone shape, so that the first interlayer channel 501 formed by the two may have a cone ring shape. The conical ring type first interlayer channel 501 can achieve the functions of transporting and evenly dispersing materials.

The rotating cage sorting mechanism 7 comprises a classifying rotating cage 71 and a plurality of wind guiding blades 72 distributed along the circumference of the inner side of the dynamic sorting box 5. The cross section of the wind guiding blades 72 may be arc-shaped, and the number of the wind guiding blades may be 24. In this embodiment, the rotating cage sorting mechanism 7 may further include: an air extraction mechanism, a rotating rod 73 and a second drive motor 74. The classifying rotating cage 71 is coaxially arranged at the upper half part in the dynamic sorting box 5, and a third discharging hole 701 for discharging fine particles is arranged at the top. The top of the dynamic sorting box 5 is connected with a third discharging pipe 10, and the bottom of the third discharging pipe 10 is communicated with a third discharging hole 701. The third discharge pipe 10 is bent at right angles. An air duct II 503 communicated with the first interlayer channel 501 is formed between the outer edge of the grading rotating cage 71 and the plurality of air guide vanes 72. The rotating cage sorting mechanism 7 is used for conveying the materials in the second air duct 503 to the second discharging hole 601 or the third discharging hole 701.

Referring to fig. 12, in the present embodiment, the classifying cage 71 may have a cylindrical hollow shape and includes two parallel circular plates 711 and a plurality of blades 712 circumferentially arranged between the two circular plates 711. The third outlet 701 is provided at the center of the upper circular plate 711. A circular truncated cone-shaped bulge is also arranged at the center of the circular plate 711 positioned below. A plurality of air guiding vanes 72 may form a second sandwiched channel 502 with the inner wall of the dynamic sorting bin 5. The bottom of the second mezzanine channel 502 may be in communication with the top of the first mezzanine channel 501. The second air duct 503 is in a cylindrical annular shape, and the bottom of the second air duct is just above the collecting box 6. The outer side of the second air duct 503 can sequentially pass through the gaps between the plurality of air guiding blades 72 and the second interlayer channel 502, so as to be communicated with the first interlayer channel 501. The inner side of the second air duct 503 can sequentially pass through gaps among the plurality of blades 712 and the inside of the grading rotating cage 71, so as to be communicated with the third discharging hole 701.

The suction end of the suction mechanism can be connected with one end of the third discharging pipe 10 away from the dynamic sorting bin 5. The air suction mechanism can be used for providing a negative pressure air flow for the interior of the dynamic sorting box 5, and the negative pressure air flow sequentially passes through the first interlayer channel 501, the second interlayer channel 502, between the plurality of air guiding blades 72, the second air duct 503, the interior of the classifying rotating cage 71 and the third discharging hole 701. In this embodiment, the suction mechanism may employ a negative pressure fan for sucking air and generating a negative pressure in the whole sorting apparatus, allowing air to enter from the static sorting bin 1 and forming an air flow field.

One end of the rotating rod 73 can be rotatably connected to the bending part of the third discharging pipe 10, and the other end can extend into the third discharging hole 701 and be fixedly connected with the round table-shaped bulge part in the grading rotating cage 71.

The second drive motor 74 can be fastened to the third tapping pipe 10 and can be used to drive the rotary rod 73 to rotate the classifying rotor 71. In this embodiment, the second driving motor 74 may be a variable frequency motor, which can adjust the rotational speed of the classifying rotating cage 71 as needed.

In this embodiment, when the rotating cage sorting mechanism 7 is in operation, the air suction mechanism provides an air flow drag force pointing to the center of a circle on the horizontal plane for the material in the air duct two 503. Meanwhile, when the classifying rotating cage 71 rotates, centrifugal force is provided for the materials in the air duct II 503, and the magnitude of the centrifugal force is positively correlated with the rotating speed of the classifying rotating cage 71. Therefore, by changing the air drag force and the centrifugal force applied to the material in the second air duct 503, the next conveying path of the material in the second air duct 503 can be changed. When the airflow drag force of the material in the second air duct 503 is greater than the centrifugal force, the material may be sucked into the classifying rotating cage 71 and then discharged from the third discharge port 701. When the centrifugal force of the material in the second air duct 503 is equal to or greater than the airflow drag force, the material can drop to the collecting box 6 below the second air duct 503, and can be discharged from the second discharge hole 601.

Referring to fig. 13, the air guiding adjustment mechanism 8 is configured to synchronously adjust the radial angles of the plurality of air guiding blades 72, so as to synchronously adjust the gaps between the adjacent air guiding blades 72, and then synchronously adjust the local air flow velocity between the adjacent air guiding blades 72, and finally adjust the duty ratio of each of the target products conveyed to the second discharge port 601 or the third discharge port 701. Here, the angle of the wind guiding blades 72 may be changed, so that not only the gap between the adjacent wind guiding blades 72 may be changed, but also the incident angle of the air flow may be changed when the angle of the wind guiding blades 72 is changed, because the cross section of the wind guiding blades 72 may be circular arc.

In this embodiment, the air guiding adjustment mechanism 8 may include: a sun gear ring 81, planetary gears 82 respectively corresponding to the plurality of wind guiding blades 72, and a third driving motor (not shown).

The sun gear ring 81 may be coaxially rotatably mounted within the dynamic sorting bin 5. Each planetary gear 82 is fixedly connected to the corresponding wind guiding vane 72, and the axial line of the planetary gear 82 is coaxial with the rotation axis of the corresponding wind guiding vane 72. A plurality of circumferential gears may be disposed along the inner circumference of the sun gear ring 81 and may be simultaneously in meshed connection with the sun gear ring 81. The third driving motor is used for driving the sun gear ring 81 to rotate along the axis thereof.

In this embodiment, when the wind guiding adjustment mechanism 8 is in operation, the third driving motor drives the sun gear ring 81 to rotate, so that the plurality of planet gears 82 drive the plurality of wind guiding blades 72 to synchronously rotate, and further adjust the gaps between the adjacent wind guiding blades 72. When the radial included angle of the air guide vanes 72 becomes smaller, the gaps between the adjacent air guide vanes 72 become larger, and the airflow velocity between the gaps becomes slower, so that the airflow drag force suffered by the material entering the air duct two 503 becomes smaller. Under the condition that the rotating speeds of the classifying rotating cages 71 are the same, the centrifugal force borne by the materials in the second air duct 503 is unchanged, so that the probability of coarser particles entering the classifying rotating cages 71 is reduced. The above situation is reversed when the radial angle of the wind guiding vanes 72 becomes large, so that the probability of coarser particles entering the inside of the classifying rotor 71 increases.

The tertiary sorting apparatus further includes: and a detection device. The detection device is used for detecting the real-time granularity of the materials passing through the first discharge port 101, the second discharge port 601 and the third discharge port 701 respectively, and calculating the corresponding target product duty ratio of each discharge port in real time. In this embodiment, the detection device may include a first detection unit, a second detection unit, and a third detection unit, which may be respectively installed at the outlets of the first discharge pipe, the second discharge pipe, and the third discharge pipe. The detection device can be a laser image sensor or other existing granularity detection equipment, and can calculate the duty ratio of various target products in the discharged materials.

In addition, in order to make the above-mentioned sorting equipment better accord with the requirement of grading principle, this embodiment also provides a design method of combined aerodynamic three-stage sorting equipment through the atress and motion analysis to the granule, and it is used for optimizing the design of above-mentioned combined aerodynamic three-stage sorting equipment, improves its extension efficiency and grading accuracy.

In the static sorting device, according to the stress analysis of the material particles, as long as the relative speed exists between the movement speed of the particles and the air flow speed, the particles are subjected to the resistance of the air flow field. According to the balance of gravity and air resistance, the maximum sedimentation end speed of the particles is obtained:

wherein ρ is _p Is of particle density d _p Is the particle diameter. Mu is the aerodynamic viscosity, ρ _g The air density, a and b are Reynolds number parameters.

Considering the actual working condition of the sorting equipment, the Reynolds number Re _p Is located mostly in the stokes region; a=24, b=1,the time taken for the particles to pass between the spreading plates 31 is +.>Time taken for the particles to move along the spreader plate 31 +.>Wherein h is the interval between two adjacent spreading plates, θ is the spreading plate setting angle (i.e. horizontal inclination angle), L is the spreading plate length, v _b Is the speed of movement of the particles along the spreader plate.

When t ₁ ＝t ₂ In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,

theoretically, the air flow velocity v in the first duct 103 _a1 Is required to be greater than the velocity v of movement of the particles along the spreader plate 3 _b . I.e.C is generally measured by experimentation, where c=1 is taken.

The width of the spreading plates is B, the number of the spreading plates is n, and the cross-sectional area S of the first air channel 103 in the static separation box can be obtained by neglecting the thickness of the spreading plates ₁ ＝Bhn。

Therefore, the air intake required by the static sorting device is Q ₁ ＝v _a1 S ₁ 。

In the second air duct 503 of the dynamic sorting apparatus, the centrifugal force and the air flow drag force to which the particles are subjected in the horizontal direction determine the final sorting direction of the particles. From the two force balance, it is possible to:

wherein v is _a2 The air flow rate in the air duct II 503 is v, the rotating speed of the classifying rotating cage is v, and r is the outer edge radius of the classifying rotating cage; then

Therefore, the required air intake of the dynamic sorting device is Q ₂ ＝v _a2 S ₂ ；S ₂ Is the cross-sectional area of the air passing in the junction box 2. When Q is ₁ ＝Q ₂ When, i.e. v _a1 S ₁ ＝v _a2 S ₂ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the ThenSubstitution into v _a1 And v _a2 The formula of the cross-sectional area of the air passage I104 and the cross-sectional area of the air passage in the connecting box 2 is obtained by arrangement:

where k is the operating mode coefficient, which is related to the fluid Reynolds number.

In this embodiment, according to the above formula, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the air duct I104 of the combined aerodynamic three-stage separation device to the cross-sectional area of the air duct I in the connecting box 2 can be calculated 2.23.

In summary, compared with the conventional technology, the combined aerodynamic three-stage separation device provided in this embodiment has the following advantages:

1. the sorting equipment utilizes the material plate adjusting mechanism 4 to change the contact angle between the material and the material spreading plate 31 when the material falls, thereby changing the falling posture and speed of the material. When the horizontal inclination angle of the material spreading plate 31 becomes smaller, the contact surface of the material spreading plate 31 becomes horizontal, the rebound speed of the material after the material contacts with the material spreading plate 31 slows down the falling speed of the material, the contact time of the material and the first 103 wind field of the wind channel is prolonged, the probability that smaller particles in the material enter the next sorting stage is increased, and therefore air sorting is facilitated to be better carried out, and sorting precision is improved. When the horizontal inclination of the spreading plate 31 becomes larger, the contact surface of the spreading plate 31 becomes vertical, and the rebound speed after the material contacts with the spreading plate 31 accelerates the falling speed of the material, so that the air separation time is shortened, the discharging is faster, and the separation efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the sorting equipment utilizes the air guide adjusting mechanism 8 to adjust the change of the local flow field, when the gaps between the air guide blades 72 are enlarged, the airflow velocity between the gaps is reduced, so that the airflow drag force born by the materials in the second air duct 503 is reduced, and under the condition that the rotating speed of the classifying rotating cage 71 is unchanged, namely the centrifugal force born by the materials is unchanged, the probability that larger particles enter the classifying rotating cage 71 is reduced. When the gap between the wind guiding vanes 72 becomes smaller, the above-described situation is reversed. The operator can reach better classification efficiency and classification precision according to actual production condition through flitch adjustment mechanism 4 and air guide adjustment mechanism 8.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 14, the present embodiment provides a method for adjusting a combined aerodynamic three-stage separation device, which is applied to the combined aerodynamic three-stage separation device in embodiment 1, and is used for adjusting the corresponding target product duty ratio at three discharge ports in the device. The adjusting method comprises the following steps:

s1, detecting the particle size of materials passing through the first discharge port 101, the second discharge port 601 and the third discharge port 701 in real time, and calculating the corresponding target product duty ratio of each discharge port in a preset time period in real time.

S2, judging one of the discharge ports, of which the corresponding target product ratio needs to be improved, according to the corresponding target product ratio of each discharge port. It should be noted that, each discharge port has its corresponding target product, and the corresponding target product of the first discharge port 101 is coarse particulate matter; the corresponding target product of the second discharge port 601 is medium-sized particles, and the corresponding target product of the third discharge port 701 is fine-sized particles. The operator can set a preset expected threshold value of the target particulate matters at each discharge port according to actual production requirements. For example, the preset expected threshold value of the coarse particles at the first discharge port 101 is set to 75%, and if the detected coarse particles at the first discharge port 101 are less than 75%, it can be determined that the first discharge port 101 needs to increase the corresponding target product ratio. Different preset expected thresholds can be set at other discharge ports according to actual needs and experience values.

S3, judging that the first discharge port 101 needs to increase the coarse particle duty ratio, and increasing the coarse particle duty ratio of the first discharge port 101. The method for increasing the coarse particle ratio of the first discharge port 101 comprises the following steps:

s31, calculating a difference value I between the ratio of coarse particles passing through the first discharge hole 101 and a corresponding preset expected threshold value in a preset time period.

And S32, according to the first difference value, synchronously adjusting the working states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device respectively to improve the coarse particle duty ratio of the first discharge port 101.

In this embodiment, in step S32, when the operating states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device are respectively adjusted, the following decision may be performed:

(1) The air suction efficiency of the air suction mechanism is improved, so that the air flow drag force is increased.

(2) The material plate adjusting mechanism 4 is started to synchronously reduce the inclination angles between the material spreading plates 31 and the horizontal plane, so that the falling speed of the material can be slowed down, the contact time between the material and the first air duct 103 is prolonged, the air sorting time is prolonged, and the probability that coarse particles in the material fall into the first discharge hole 101 is increased.

(3) The air guide adjusting mechanism 8 is started to synchronously increase the gaps between the adjacent air guide blades 72, so that the flow rate of local air flow entering the second air channel 503 is reduced, the drag force of the local air flow in the second air channel 503 is reduced, and the classification precision of the second discharge port 601 and the third discharge port 703 can be ensured to be unchanged as much as possible.

(4) The rotational speed of the classifying rotating cage 71 is increased, so that the centrifugal force suffered by the material particles in the second air duct is increased to balance the increased airflow drag force in the decision (1).

S4, judging that the second discharge port 601 needs to increase the proportion of the medium particles, and increasing the proportion of the medium particles of the second discharge port 601. The method for increasing the proportion of the medium particles in the second discharge hole 601 comprises the following steps:

s41, respectively judging the quantity relation between the coarse particle duty ratio a and the fine particle duty ratio b passing through the second discharging hole 601 and the corresponding preset expected threshold value in the preset time period.

And S42, when the coarse particle duty ratio a is larger than the corresponding preset expected threshold value, calculating a difference value II between the coarse particle duty ratio a and the corresponding preset expected threshold value, and respectively synchronously adjusting the working states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device according to the difference value II so as to reduce the coarse particle duty ratio a passing through the second discharge port 601 and further improve the medium particle duty ratio of the second discharge port 601.

In this embodiment, in step S42, when the working states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device are synchronously adjusted, the following decision may be executed:

(1) The suction efficiency of the suction mechanism is reduced, thereby reducing the airflow drag.

(2) The material plate adjusting mechanism 4 is started to synchronously increase the inclination angle between the plurality of material spreading plates 31 and the horizontal plane, the material spreading plates 31 become vertical, the falling speed of the materials is accelerated, and the probability of being discharged from the first discharge port 101 under the action of the combined force is increased, namely the probability of entering the dynamic sorting device (the second discharge port 601) is reduced because the momentum of the coarse particles is increased and the gravity is larger than the airflow drag force.

(3) The air guide adjusting mechanism 8 is started to synchronously increase the gaps between the adjacent air guide blades 72, so that the local airflow velocity in the second air duct 503 is reduced, the local airflow drag force is reduced, and the probability that coarse particles in the second air duct 503 fall into the collecting box 6 (the second discharging hole 601) is reduced because the coarse particles are subjected to centrifugal force and larger than the airflow drag force.

(4) The rotational speed of the classifying rotor 71 is increased, so that the centrifugal force of the coarser particles in the second air duct 503 is larger than the drag force of the air flow, and the probability of falling into the collecting box 6 (the second discharge port 601) is lowered.

And S43, when the fine particle duty ratio b is larger than the preset expected threshold value corresponding to the fine particle duty ratio b, calculating a difference value III between the fine particle duty ratio b and the preset expected threshold value corresponding to the fine particle duty ratio b, and respectively synchronously adjusting the working states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device according to the difference value III so as to reduce the fine particle duty ratio b passing through the second discharge port 601 and further improve the middle particle duty ratio of the second discharge port 601.

In this embodiment, in step S43, when the operating states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device are synchronously adjusted, the following decision may be executed:

(1) The air suction efficiency of the air suction mechanism is kept unchanged.

(2) The air guide adjusting mechanism 8 is started to synchronously reduce the gaps between the adjacent air guide blades 72, so that the local airflow velocity in the second air duct 503 is increased, the local airflow drag force is increased, and the probability that fine particles fall into the collecting box 6 (the second discharging hole 601) is low because the received airflow drag force is larger than the centrifugal force.

(3) The rotation speed of the classifying rotation cage 71 is reduced, so that the airflow drag force of the fine particles in the second air duct 503 is larger than the centrifugal force, and the probability of falling into the collecting box 6 (the second discharge port 601) becomes low.

It should be noted that, when it is determined that the second discharge port 601 needs to increase the particulate matter ratio, the particulate matter ratio in the second discharge port 601 does not reach the preset desired threshold. That is, the second outlet 601 is either the coarse particulate matter exceeding the standard or the fine particulate matter exceeding the standard, so steps S41 to S43 are set to make a judgment for different situations.

S5, judging that the third discharge port 701 needs to increase the fine particle duty ratio, and increasing the fine particle duty ratio of the third discharge port 701. The method for increasing the ratio of the fine particles at the third discharge port 701 comprises the following steps:

S51, calculating a difference value of four between the ratio of the fine particles passing through the third discharging hole 701 and a corresponding preset expected threshold value in the preset time.

And S52, according to the fourth difference, the working states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device are synchronously adjusted respectively so as to improve the proportion of fine particles in the third discharge port 701.

In this embodiment, in step S52, when the operating states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device are respectively adjusted, the following decision may be performed:

(2) The material plate adjusting mechanism 4 is started to synchronously increase the inclination angle between each material plate 31 and the horizontal plane, the material plates 31 become vertical, the rebound after the material contacts with the material plates 31 accelerates the falling speed of the material, the probability of being discharged from the first material outlet 101 under the action of the combined force is increased and the probability of being entering the third material outlet 701 is lowered because the coarse particle beam becomes large and the gravity is larger than the airflow drag force. .

(3) The air guide adjusting mechanism 8 is started to synchronously increase the gaps between the adjacent air guide blades 72, reduce the local airflow velocity in the second air duct 503, reduce the airflow drag force suffered by the materials in the second air duct 503, and reduce the probability of entering the classifying rotating cage 71 (the third discharging hole 701) because the centrifugal force suffered by the medium particles in the second air duct 503 is larger than the airflow drag force.

(4) The rotation speed of the classifying rotor 71 is increased, and the centrifugal force to which fine particles are subjected is made larger than the drag force of the air flow, and the probability of entering the separating rotor 71 (third discharge port 701) becomes low.

In summary, the adjusting method provided in the embodiment has the following advantages:

according to the adjusting method, the material granularity of different discharge ports is detected, and the target particle duty ratio passing through the different discharge ports is monitored in real time, so that an operator can improve the grading precision of any discharge port according to the self requirements, and the grading efficiency and the grading precision of the sorting equipment are further improved.

The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The above examples merely represent a few embodiments of the present invention, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be assessed as that of the appended claims.

Claims

1. The combined aerodynamic three-stage separation equipment is used for carrying out two-stage separation on materials so as to obtain three types of target products; the target product sequentially comprises coarse particles, medium particles and fine particles according to the particle size range from large to small; the three-stage separation equipment is characterized by comprising:

the static sorting device comprises a static sorting box (1), a connecting box (2), a spreading mechanism (3) and a material plate adjusting mechanism (4); the top of the static separation box (1) is provided with a feeding port (102), and the bottom of the static separation box is provided with a first discharging port (101) for discharging the coarse particles; an air duct I (103) extending obliquely downwards is arranged in the static separation box (1); one end of the first air channel (103) is an air inlet, and the other end of the first air channel is upwards bent and communicated with the bottom of the connecting box (2); the material spreading mechanism (3) is arranged in the first air duct (103), one end of the material spreading mechanism points to the feeding port (102), and the other end of the material spreading mechanism is positioned above the first discharging port (101); the spreading mechanism (3) comprises a plurality of spreading plates (31) which are parallel to each other; the plurality of spreading plates (31) are distributed in a stepwise manner along the inclined direction of the first air channel (103); the blanking point of each spreading plate (31) is positioned above the receiving point of the adjacent spreading plate (31) below; the material spraying plates (31) are used for sequentially rebounding and spraying materials falling from above into the first air duct (103) so as to convey the materials to the first discharge hole (101) or the connecting box (2); the material plate adjusting mechanism (4) is used for synchronously adjusting the inclination angles between the material spreading plates (31) and the horizontal plane so as to change the contact time of materials and the first air duct (103) and further adjust the duty ratio of various target products conveyed to the first discharge port (101) or the connecting box (2); and

The dynamic sorting device comprises a dynamic sorting box (5), a collecting box (6), a rotating cage sorting mechanism (7) and an air guide adjusting mechanism (8); a second discharge hole (601) for discharging the medium particles is formed in the collecting box (6); the collecting box (6) is coaxially arranged at the lower half part in the dynamic sorting box (5), and the collecting box and the dynamic sorting box form a first interlayer channel (501) communicated with the top of the connecting box (2); the rotating cage sorting mechanism (7) comprises a grading rotating cage (71) and a plurality of wind guide blades (72) distributed along the circumference of the inner side of the dynamic sorting box (5); the classifying rotating cage (71) is coaxially arranged at the upper half part in the dynamic sorting box (5), and the top of the classifying rotating cage is provided with a third discharge hole (701) for discharging fine particles; an air duct II (503) communicated with the first interlayer channel (501) is formed between the outer edge of the grading rotating cage (71) and the plurality of air guide blades (72); the rotating cage sorting mechanism (7) is used for conveying the materials in the second air duct (503) to the second discharge port (601) or the third discharge port (701); the air guide adjusting mechanism (8) is used for synchronously adjusting the radial angles of the plurality of air guide blades (72), so that the gaps between every two adjacent air guide blades (72) are synchronously adjusted, then the local air flow speed between every two adjacent air guide blades (72) is synchronously adjusted, and finally the duty ratio of various target products conveyed to the second discharge port (601) or the third discharge port (701) is adjusted;

Wherein, the cross-sectional area S of the air passage I (103) of the combined aerodynamic three-stage separation equipment ₁ Cross-sectional area S of air passing through the connecting box (2) ₂ Ratio of (2)The design method of the device comprises the following steps:

in a static sorting device, the maximum sedimentation end velocity of the particles is designed:wherein ρ is _p Is of particle density d _p Particle diameter, μ is aerodynamic viscosity, ρ _g The air density is the Reynolds number parameter a and b;

time t for the particles to pass between the spreading plates (31) ₁ The design is as follows:time t for the movement of the particles along the spreading plate (31) ₂ The design is as follows: />Wherein h is the interval between two adjacent spreading plates, θ is the spreading plate setting angle, L is the spreading plate length, v _b Is the movement speed of the particles along the spreading plate; when t ₁ ＝t ₂ When (I)>

Cross-sectional area S of air passage I (103) in static separation box ₁ The method comprises the following steps: s is S ₁ =bhn; wherein the width of the spreading plates is B, and the number of the spreading plates is n; therefore, the air intake quantity Q required by the static sorting device ₁ The method comprises the following steps: q (Q) ₁ ＝v _a1 S ₁ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the formula, the air flow velocity in the first air channel (103) is v _a1 ；

According to the two-force balance design:in the formula, v _a2 The air flow velocity in the air duct II (503), v is the rotating speed of the classifying rotating cage, and r is the outer edge radius of the classifying rotating cage; then->Therefore, the required air intake Q of the dynamic sorting device ₂ The method comprises the following steps: q (Q) ₂ ＝v _a2 S ₂ ；

When Q is ₁ ＝Q ₂ When, i.e. v _a1 S ₁ ＝v _a2 S ₂ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the ThenSubstitution into v _a1 And v _a2 The formula of the cross-sectional area of the air passage I (103) and the cross-sectional area of the air passage in the connecting box (2) is obtained by arrangement: />Where k is a working condition coefficient.

2. The combined aerodynamic three-stage separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first discharge port (101) is integrally connected with a first discharge pipe; each spreading plate (31) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the static sorting box (1); one side of the static sorting box (1) is provided with a plurality of arc waist-shaped grooves (104) which respectively correspond to the plurality of spreading plates (31); the flitch adjustment mechanism (4) includes:

a plurality of adjusting arms (41) corresponding to the plurality of spreading plates (31), respectively; one end of each adjusting arm (41) is a rotating end, and the other end is a swinging end; the rotating end of the adjusting arm (41) is rotatably connected to the outer side of the static sorting box (1), and the rotating shaft is coaxial with the rotating shaft of the corresponding spreading plate (31); the swinging end of each adjusting arm (41) is fixedly connected with the corresponding spreading plate (31) through a connecting rod, and the connecting rod penetrates through the corresponding arc-shaped waist-shaped groove (104);

a transmission arm (42) which is fixedly connected with the swinging ends of the plurality of adjusting arms (41) at the same time;

the first driving motor is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the static sorting box (1); the output shaft of the first driving motor is fixedly connected with the rotating end of one of the adjusting arms (41) in a coaxial way; and

A plurality of sealing gaskets (43) corresponding to the plurality of spreading plates (31) respectively; one side of the sealing gasket (43) is fixedly connected to the corresponding spreading plate (31), and the other side is contacted with the inner wall of the static separation box (1) and keeps covering the arc-shaped waist-shaped groove (104).

3. The combined aerodynamic three-stage separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that the classifying cage (71) is in the shape of a cylindrical hollow, comprising two circular plates (711) parallel to each other, and a plurality of blades (712) circumferentially arranged between the two circular plates (711); the third discharge hole (701) is arranged at the center of a circular plate (711) positioned above; the center of the circular plate (711) positioned below is also provided with a round table-shaped bulge part; the lower half part of the dynamic separation box (5) and the collection box (6) are in an inverted cone shape, and a first interlayer channel (501) formed between the two is in a cone ring shape; the upper half part of the dynamic separation box (5) is cylindrical; a second interlayer channel (502) is formed between the plurality of air guide vanes (72) and the inner wall of the dynamic separation box (5); the bottom of the second interlayer channel (502) is communicated with the top of the first interlayer channel (501); the second air duct (503) is in a columnar circular ring shape, and the bottom of the second air duct is just above the collecting box (6); the outer side of the second air duct (503) can sequentially pass through gaps among the plurality of air guide blades (72) and the second interlayer channel (502), so as to be communicated with the first interlayer channel (501); the inner side of the second air duct (503) can sequentially pass through gaps among a plurality of blades (712) and the inside of the grading rotating cage (71), so as to be communicated with a third discharge hole (701);

Wherein, the second discharge hole (601) is communicated with a second discharge pipe (9); one end of the second discharging pipe (9) penetrates through the first interlayer channel (501) and is communicated with the external space of the dynamic separation box (5); the top of the dynamic separation box (5) is connected with a third discharge pipe (10), and the bottom of the third discharge pipe (10) is communicated with a third discharge port (701); the third discharging pipe (10) is in a right-angle bending shape.

4. A combined aerodynamic three-stage sorting device according to claim 3, characterized in that the rotor sorting mechanism (7) further comprises:

the exhaust end of the exhaust mechanism is connected with one end of the third discharging pipe (10) far away from the dynamic separation box (5); the air draft mechanism is used for providing negative pressure air flow for the interior of the dynamic separation box (5) to sequentially pass through the first interlayer channel (501), the second interlayer channel (502), the plurality of air guide blades (72), the air duct II (503), the interior of the grading rotating cage (71) and the third discharge port (701);

one end of the rotating rod (73) is rotatably connected to the bending part of the third discharging pipe (10), and the other end of the rotating rod extends into the third discharging hole (701) and is fixedly connected with the round table-shaped bulge part in the grading rotating cage (71); and

the second driving motor (74) is fixed on the third discharging pipe (10) and is used for driving the rotating rod (73) to drive the classifying rotating cage (71) to rotate;

When the classifying rotating cage (71) rotates, centrifugal force is provided for materials in the air duct II (503), and the magnitude of the centrifugal force is positively correlated with the rotating speed of the classifying rotating cage (71).

5. The combined aerodynamic three-stage separation device according to claim 4, characterized in that the air guiding adjustment mechanism (8) comprises:

a sun gear ring (81) coaxially and rotatably mounted inside the dynamic sorting bin (5);

planetary gears (82) corresponding to the plurality of wind guiding blades (72), respectively; each planetary gear (82) is fixedly connected to the corresponding wind guiding blade (72), and the axial lead of each planetary gear (82) is coaxial with the rotating shaft of the corresponding wind guiding blade (72); a plurality of circumferential gears are arranged along the inner circumference of the sun gear ring (81) and are simultaneously meshed with the sun gear ring (81); and

the third driving motor is used for driving the sun gear ring (81) to rotate along the axis of the third driving motor;

the three-stage sorting apparatus further includes:

the detection device is used for detecting the real-time granularity of materials passing through the first discharge port (101), the second discharge port (601) and the third discharge port (701) respectively and calculating the corresponding target product duty ratio at each discharge port in real time.

6. The combined aerodynamic tertiary separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the air duct one (104) of the combined aerodynamic tertiary separation device to the cross-sectional area of the air in the connecting box (2) 2.23.

7. An adjusting method of a combined aerodynamic three-stage separation device, which is applied to the combined aerodynamic three-stage separation device as claimed in claim 5 and is used for adjusting the corresponding target product duty ratio at three discharge ports in the device; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, detecting the granularity of materials passing through a first discharge port (101), a second discharge port (601) and a third discharge port (701) in real time, and calculating the corresponding target product duty ratio of each discharge port in a preset time period in real time;

s2, judging one of the discharge ports, of which the corresponding target product ratio needs to be improved, according to the corresponding target product ratio of each discharge port;

s3, judging that the first discharge port (101) needs to increase the coarse particle duty ratio, and increasing the coarse particle duty ratio of the first discharge port (101); the method for improving the coarse particle duty ratio of the first discharge port (101) comprises the following steps:

s31, calculating a difference value I between the ratio of coarse particles passing through the first discharge hole (101) and a corresponding preset expected threshold value in a preset time period;

s32, according to the first difference value, the working states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device are synchronously adjusted respectively to improve the coarse particle duty ratio of the first discharge port (101);

S4, judging that the second discharge port (601) needs to increase the proportion of medium particles, and increasing the proportion of medium particles of the second discharge port (601); the method for improving the proportion of the medium particles in the second discharge hole (601) comprises the following steps:

s41, respectively judging the quantity relation between the coarse particle duty ratio a and the fine particle duty ratio b passing through the second discharge hole (601) and the corresponding preset expected threshold value in the preset time period;

s42, when the coarse particle duty ratio a is larger than the corresponding preset expected threshold value, calculating a difference value II between the coarse particle duty ratio a and the corresponding preset expected threshold value, and respectively synchronously adjusting the working states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device according to the difference value II so as to reduce the coarse particle duty ratio a passing through the second discharge hole (601),

thereby improving the proportion of the medium particles in the second discharge hole (601);

s43, when the fine particle duty ratio b is larger than the preset expected threshold value corresponding to the fine particle duty ratio b, calculating a difference value III between the fine particle duty ratio b and the preset expected threshold value corresponding to the fine particle duty ratio b, and respectively synchronously adjusting the working states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device according to the difference value III so as to reduce the fine particle duty ratio b passing through the second discharge hole (601),

s5, judging that the third discharge port (701) needs to increase the proportion of fine particles, and increasing the proportion of fine particles of the third discharge port (701); the method for improving the fine particulate matter ratio of the third discharge port (701) comprises the following steps:

s51, calculating a difference value IV between the ratio of fine particles passing through the third discharge hole (701) and a corresponding preset expected threshold value in preset time;

s52, according to the fourth difference value, the working states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device are synchronously adjusted respectively to improve the proportion of fine particles of the third discharge port (701).

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in step S32, when the operation states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device are adjusted, the following decision is performed:

(1) The air suction efficiency of the air suction mechanism is improved;

(2) Starting the material plate adjusting mechanism (4) to synchronously reduce the inclination angles between the material spreading plates (31) and the horizontal plane;

(3) Starting the wind guide adjusting mechanism (8) to synchronously increase the gap between every two adjacent wind guide blades (72);

(4) The rotational speed of the classifying rotating cage (71) is increased.

9. The method according to claim 7, wherein in step S42, when the operation states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device are synchronously adjusted, the following decision is performed:

(1) Reducing the air suction efficiency of the air suction mechanism;

(2) Starting a material plate adjusting mechanism (4) to synchronously increase the inclination angles between a plurality of material spreading plates (31) and the horizontal plane;

(4) The rotational speed of the classifying rotating cage (71) is increased.

10. The method according to claim 7, wherein in step S43, when the operation states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device are synchronously adjusted, the following decision is performed:

(1) Maintaining the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust mechanism unchanged;

(2) Starting the wind guiding adjusting mechanism (8) to synchronously reduce the gap between every two adjacent wind guiding blades (72);

(3) The rotational speed of the classifying rotating cage (71) is reduced.

11. The method according to claim 7, wherein in step S52, when the operation states of the static sorting device and the dynamic sorting device are adjusted, the following decision is performed:

(1) The air suction efficiency of the air suction mechanism is reduced;

(2) Starting a material plate adjusting mechanism (4) to synchronously increase the inclination angle between each material spreading plate (31) and the horizontal plane;

(4) The rotational speed of the classifying rotating cage (71) is increased.