CN114867080A - Satellite-ground communication switching and routing method based on digital twin - Google Patents
Satellite-ground communication switching and routing method based on digital twin Download PDFInfo
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- CN114867080A CN114867080A CN202210306197.6A CN202210306197A CN114867080A CN 114867080 A CN114867080 A CN 114867080A CN 202210306197 A CN202210306197 A CN 202210306197A CN 114867080 A CN114867080 A CN 114867080A
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a satellite-ground communication switching and routing method based on a digital twin, which aims to ensure better communication by reducing satellite-ground switching frequency and improving inter-satellite content delivery efficiency in the process of requesting communication by a user. The method comprises the steps of firstly, building a scene by using a satellite toolkit, obtaining satellite data, building a digital twin of a physical network based on the satellite data, then obtaining a satellite candidate set and an optimal candidate relay service satellite by using the data, and finally, searching an optimal routing path in all potential paths by using two indexes of propagation delay and content delivery rate. The method can effectively reduce the switching frequency, enables the communication to be more continuous, and meanwhile, the optimal routing path is selected by building the inter-satellite topology and the digital twin, so that the inter-satellite content delivery efficiency can be greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air-ground integrated communication, and particularly provides a satellite-ground communication switching and routing method based on a digital twin.
Background
As a key enabling technology in the future, the sixth generation mobile cellular communications is constantly evolving to provide ubiquitous broadband connectivity for users around the world. At present, traditional land networks cover mainly urban areas and are impractical for deploying base stations and other communication infrastructure in remote areas such as deserts and oceans. For these increases in regional data demand, Satellite-Terrestrial Network (STN) is an effective solution. The STN is a new network architecture, which makes full use of the advantages of Low transmission delay and wide coverage of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellation, so that data services requested by ground users in different regions can be provided through satellites anytime and anywhere. At present, the method is widely applied to the fields of post-disaster reconstruction, navigation, intelligent traffic and the like.
However, in STNs, the high mobility of low orbit satellites always leads to frequent satellite handoff problems. In general, the duration of a user's call is typically longer than the service provided by the satellite, resulting in a single satellite not providing continuous service to the user. Thus, when the connection with the current satellite is broken, the user will select an alternate satellite to continue communication. In STN, there are multiple satellites in the LEO constellation that can provide service to users at a particular time. Therefore, choosing the optimal satellite from a large number of candidate satellites to ensure that the service requested by the user continues is crucial to achieving a more efficient satellite handoff.
Currently, in the field of satellite handover, researchers typically make a satellite handover selection strategy based on a single or multiple indexes. The selection of the index is mainly based on the quality and allocation of the channel, the remaining service time, the elevation angle and the distance. In the prior art, Zhang et al jointly optimizes channel quality, remaining service time, number of service users, and satellite distribution power based on a bipartite graph in a multi-object satellite handoff strategy based on two-dimensional maps. Miao et al propose a multi-attribute joint handover scheme in A multi-attribute decision handover scheme for a small mobile satellite networks by considering received signal strength, remaining service time and the number of ideal channels.
In addition, in the prior art, Wu et al propose a satellite switching strategy based on the potential game of the mobile terminal in the LEO satellite network in "a satellite switching strategy based on the potential game of the mobile terminal in the LEO network". In some cases, it achieves nash equalization between the user and the satellite. He et al propose a Q-learning based satellite switching strategy in Load-aware satellite switching strategy to minimize the average satellite switching time. However, since the satellites are not launched into space at the same time, the total dose of radiation received by the satellites in space is different, and the damage level of the satellite hard disk is also different, which results in different storage and access capabilities of the satellites. Considering that when a user communicates with a satellite, it is inevitably necessary to access the storage resources of the satellite, it is therefore necessary to take full account of the effect of the properties of the satellite itself on the handover.
Furthermore, the content delivery process can be interpreted as a multi-hop routing problem from the source point to the destination. Inter-satellite links are the basis for satellite communications, and establishment is dependent on time slot visibility between satellites. In STNs, the highly dynamic nature of the satellites causes frequent changes in the inter-satellite network topology, which may result in repeated end-to-end paths and long communication delays. Therefore, it is an urgent problem to reasonably schedule inter-satellite links to overcome these disadvantages. In the prior art, Tang et al propose a multi-path cooperative routing algorithm based on network coding and based on source and destination in "multi-path cooperative routing with information addressing for leo satellite networks", and use a new ACK mechanism to accelerate data transmission. Wang et al put forward an evolutionary graph model in Routing algorithm for navigation based on evolution graph model, and use Dijkstra's algorithm to find the earliest path of arrival. Zhang et al propose a hierarchical routing based on region in "Asher: Scalable routing protocol for leo satellite networks" to reduce the routing overhead. However, the prior art verifies the routing performance based on the fixed policy on some indexes, which cannot guarantee the flexibility of the corresponding scheme in superiority on all indexes.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a digital twin-based satellite-ground communication switching and routing method to reduce switching frequency and improve routing efficiency, thereby ensuring better communication quality.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the satellite-ground communication switching and routing method based on the digital twin comprises the following steps:
s1: constructing a low-orbit satellite and ground communication scene by using a satellite toolkit, and acquiring satellite data;
s2: constructing a digital twin of a physical satellite ground network by using the satellite data acquired in the S1 to obtain a digital twin model, wherein the digital twin model comprises service time information, access frequency information, storage capacity information, ground coverage information and inter-satellite visibility information of a satellite;
s3: in the digital twin model constructed in S2, acquiring a service time matrix of a satellite by using a satellite ground coverage condition, determining the satellite capable of providing service for a user when the user is in communication handover according to the service time matrix of the satellite, and adding the satellite into a satellite candidate set;
s4: according to the service time, the access times and the storage capacity information of the satellite, acquiring the residual service time, the residual access times and the residual storage capacity which can be provided for the user by the satellite in the satellite candidate set, and according to the residual service time, the residual access times and the residual storage capacity, measuring the advantages and disadvantages of the satellite on the service capacity of the user, and finding out the optimal candidate alternative service satellite;
s5: and constructing an inter-satellite topology by using the satellite service time matrix obtained in the S3 and the inter-satellite visibility information in the digital twin model constructed in the S2, searching all potential paths between the satellite providing service for the user and the optimal candidate relay service satellite obtained in the S4 by using the inter-satellite topology, and searching the optimal routing path in all the potential paths by using two indexes of propagation delay and content delivery rate.
Preferably, in S3, the service time matrix Arr of the satellite i i As shown in equation (1):
where k represents the number of visible time slots between satellite i and the user,
and
respectively representing the start time and the end time of the satellite i capable of providing service for the user at the k time slot, and the communication switching time T h In that
And
in between, satellite i is visible to the user.
Further preferably, in S4, the remaining service time, the remaining number of accesses, and the remaining storage capacity that the satellite i can provide to the user are obtained by the following formulas (2), (3), and (4), respectively:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
respectively representing the remaining service time, the remaining number of accesses and the remaining storage capacity that the satellite i can provide to the user,
and
respectively representing the end service time, the number of available accesses and the available storage capacity, T, of the satellite i h Indicating the moment at which the user has switched communication,
and
respectively representing the service time, access times and storage capacity demands of other users for satellite i.
Further preferably, in S4, the method for measuring the quality of the service capability of the satellite for the user according to the remaining service time, the access times and the storage capacity that the satellite can provide to the user is as follows:
modeling is carried out according to the residual service time, the access times and the storage capacity which can be provided for the user by the satellite, a multi-attribute decision problem is introduced, as shown in a formula (5), then, the formula (5) is solved by utilizing a genetic algorithm, and the optimal candidate relay service satellite at the moment when the user is in communication switching is obtained;
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
respectively representing the remaining service time, the number of accesses and the storage capacity that the satellite i can provide to said user,
and
respectively representing the number of accesses and the upper limit of the storage capacity of the satellite i,
representing a joint optimization operation for the three,
representing the quality of service of satellite i to said user at time t.
Further preferably, in S5, after constructing an inter-satellite topology by using the satellite service time matrix obtained in S3 and the inter-satellite visibility information in the digital twin model constructed in S2, storing the topology by using an adjacency matrix, where the weight of a visible satellite pair in the inter-satellite topology map is a time slot corresponding to the visible satellite pair, and the adjacency matrix is as follows:
in the formula, M x Representing the adjacency matrix, n representing the number of satellites, a ij Representing visible satellite pairs(s) i And s j ) The corresponding time slot.
The satellite-ground communication switching and routing method based on the digital twin, provided by the invention, is characterized in that a satellite tool kit is utilized to build a low-orbit satellite and ground communication scene, a physical network is mapped to a virtual space by utilizing a digital twin technology, and an optimal candidate satellite and an optimal routing path for taking over communication service can be selected by building a target optimization model and a routing mechanism. By the method, better communication can be ensured by reducing the satellite-to-ground switching frequency and improving the inter-satellite content delivery efficiency in the process of requesting communication by a user.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a digital twin-based satellite-to-ground communication switching and routing method provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The invention provides a satellite-ground communication switching and routing method based on digital twins, which comprises the following steps,
s1: constructing a low-orbit Satellite and ground communication scene by using a Satellite Toolkit (STK), and acquiring Satellite data;
s2: constructing a digital twin of a physical satellite ground network by using the satellite data acquired in the S1 to obtain a digital twin model, wherein the digital twin model comprises service time information, access frequency information, storage capacity information, ground coverage information and inter-satellite visibility information of a satellite;
s3: in the digital twin model constructed in S2, a satellite service time matrix Arr is obtained by using the satellite ground coverage condition, a satellite capable of providing service for a user when the user is in communication handover is determined according to the satellite service time matrix, and the satellite is added into a satellite candidate set, wherein the satellite service time matrix Arr of a satellite i i As shown in equation (1):
where k represents the number of visible time slots between satellite i and the user,
and
respectively representing the start time and the end time of the satellite i capable of providing service for the user at the k time slot, and the communication switching time T h In that
And
in time, satellite i is visible to the user;
s4: according to the service time, the access times and the storage capacity information of the satellite, acquiring the remaining service time, the remaining access times and the remaining storage capacity which can be provided for the user by the satellite in the satellite candidate set, and according to the remaining service time, the remaining access times and the remaining storage capacity, measuring the advantages and disadvantages of the satellite on the service capacity of the user, and finding out the optimal candidate alternative service satellite, wherein the remaining service time, the remaining access times and the remaining storage capacity which can be provided for the user by the satellite i are respectively obtained through formulas (2), (3) and (4):
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
respectively indicates that the satellite i can give to theThe remaining service time, the remaining number of accesses and the remaining storage capacity provided by the user,
and
respectively representing the end service time, the number of available accesses and the available storage capacity, T, of the satellite i h Indicating the moment at which the user has switched communication,
and
respectively representing the service time, the access times and the storage capacity demand of other users for the satellite i;
the method for measuring the quality of the satellite on the user service capacity according to the remaining service time, the access times and the storage capacity which can be provided for the user by the satellite comprises the following steps:
modeling is carried out according to the residual service time, the access times and the storage capacity which can be provided for the user by the satellite, a multi-attribute decision problem is introduced, as shown in a formula (5), then, the formula (5) is solved by utilizing a genetic algorithm, and the optimal candidate relay service satellite at the moment when the user is in communication switching is obtained;
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
respectively representing the remaining service time, the number of accesses and the storage capacity that the satellite i can provide to said user,
and
respectively representing the number of accesses and the upper limit of the storage capacity of the satellite i,
representing a joint optimization operation for the three,
representing the quality of service of the satellite i to the user at time t;
s5: and constructing an inter-satellite topology by using the satellite service time matrix obtained in the S3 and the inter-satellite visibility information in the digital twin model constructed in the S2, searching all potential paths between the satellite providing service for the user and the optimal candidate relay service satellite obtained in the S4 by using the inter-satellite topology, and searching the optimal routing path in all the potential paths by using two indexes of propagation delay and content delivery rate.
The inter-satellite topology is frequently changed due to the highly dynamic characteristic of the satellite, time intervals are preset, the topology in each time interval is regarded as static, the inter-satellite topology is built by using a satellite service time matrix obtained by S3 and inter-satellite visibility information in a digital twin model constructed by S2, the topology is stored by using an adjacency matrix, wherein the weight of a visible satellite pair in an inter-satellite topology graph is a time slot corresponding to the visible satellite pair, and the adjacency matrix is as follows:
in the formula, M x Representing the adjacency matrix, n representing the number of satellites, a ij Representing visible satellite pairs(s) i And s j ) The corresponding time slot.
The establishment of the inter-satellite topology is influenced by time slots and hop counts, and the situation that part of candidate satellites are still visible in the subsequent time slots and the satellites with better service capability are forcibly replaced exists, so that repeated end-to-end paths exist in the inter-satellite topology, and the routing efficiency is low; therefore, the topology is further optimized by utilizing the inter-satellite visibility, so that a large number of loops can be avoided, and the routing efficiency is improved.
The switching and routing method for satellite-to-ground communication based on the digital twin, which is provided by the application, maps a physical network to a virtual space by applying the digital twin to realize a digital dual network, and reproduces the running state of a satellite by utilizing known data to provide an auxiliary decision. Through analysis and calculation of satellite data, a selection model for optimal candidate satellites in the switching process can be constructed, an optimal routing path is deduced by simplifying inter-satellite topology and executing virtual routing in advance in a digital dual-network, the routing path can be calculated and verified before being distributed to a real space, and higher service quality is achieved for a specific call request scene.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The satellite-ground communication switching and routing method based on the digital twin is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: constructing a low-orbit satellite and ground communication scene by using a satellite toolkit, and acquiring satellite data;
s2: constructing a digital twin of a physical satellite ground network by using the satellite data acquired in the S1 to obtain a digital twin model, wherein the digital twin model comprises service time information, access frequency information, storage capacity information, ground coverage information and inter-satellite visibility information of a satellite;
s3: in the digital twin model constructed in S2, acquiring a service time matrix of a satellite by using a satellite ground coverage condition, determining the satellite capable of providing service for a user when the user is in communication handover according to the service time matrix of the satellite, and adding the satellite into a satellite candidate set;
s4: according to the service time, the access times and the storage capacity information of the satellite, acquiring the residual service time, the residual access times and the residual storage capacity which can be provided for the user by the satellite in the satellite candidate set, and according to the residual service time, the residual access times and the residual storage capacity, measuring the advantages and disadvantages of the satellite on the service capacity of the user, and finding out the optimal candidate alternative service satellite;
s5: and constructing an inter-satellite topology by using the satellite service time matrix obtained in the S3 and the inter-satellite visibility information in the digital twin model constructed in the S2, searching all potential paths between the satellite providing service for the user and the optimal candidate relay service satellite obtained in the S4 by using the inter-satellite topology, and searching the optimal routing path in all the potential paths by using two indexes of propagation delay and content delivery rate.
2. A digital twin based satellite-to-ground communication switching and routing method according to claim 1, wherein: at S3, service time matrix Arr of satellite i i As shown in equation (1):
where k represents the number of visible time slots between satellite i and the user,
and
respectively representing the start time and the end time of the satellite i capable of providing service for the user at the k time slot, and the communication switching time T h In that
And
in between, satellite i is visible to the user.
3. A digital twin based star-to-ground communication switching and routing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in S4, the remaining service time, the remaining access times, and the remaining storage capacity that the satellite i can provide to the user are obtained through the formulas (2), (3), and (4), respectively:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
respectively representing the remaining service time, the remaining number of accesses and the remaining storage capacity that the satellite i can provide to the user,
and
respectively representing the end service time, the number of available accesses and the available storage capacity, T, of the satellite i h Indicating the moment at which the user has switched communication,
and
respectively representing the service time, access times and storage capacity demands of other users for satellite i.
4. A digital twin based star-to-ground communication switching and routing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in S4, the method for measuring the quality of the service capability of the satellite for the user according to the remaining service time, the access times and the storage capacity which can be provided by the satellite for the user is as follows:
modeling is carried out according to the residual service time, the access times and the storage capacity which can be provided for the user by the satellite, a multi-attribute decision problem is introduced, as shown in a formula (5), then, the formula (5) is solved by utilizing a genetic algorithm, and the optimal candidate relay service satellite at the moment when the user is in communication switching is obtained;
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
respectively representing the remaining service time, the number of accesses and the storage capacity that the satellite i can provide to said user,
and
respectively representing the number of accesses and the upper limit of the storage capacity of the satellite i,
representing a joint optimization operation for the three,
representing the quality of service of satellite i to said user at time t.
5. A digital twin based star-to-ground communication switching and routing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in S5, after constructing an inter-satellite topology using the satellite service time matrix obtained in S3 and the inter-satellite visibility information in the digital twin model constructed in S2, storing the topology using an adjacency matrix, where the weight of a visible satellite pair in the inter-satellite topology map is a time slot corresponding to the visible satellite pair, and the adjacency matrix is as follows:
in the formula, M x Representing the adjacency matrix, n representing the number of satellites, a ij Representing visible satellite pairs(s) i And s j ) The corresponding time slot.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115293459A (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2022-11-04 | 北京开运联合信息技术集团股份有限公司 | Digital twin satellite payload health management system |
| CN115460131A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-12-09 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | Path selection method, device, system and storage medium |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115293459A (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2022-11-04 | 北京开运联合信息技术集团股份有限公司 | Digital twin satellite payload health management system |
| CN115293459B (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2022-12-06 | 北京开运联合信息技术集团股份有限公司 | Digital twin satellite payload health management system |
| CN115460131A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-12-09 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | Path selection method, device, system and storage medium |
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