CN114865289A - Low-profile magnetic dipole antenna applicable to base station antenna - Google Patents

Low-profile magnetic dipole antenna applicable to base station antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114865289A
CN114865289A CN202210621453.0A CN202210621453A CN114865289A CN 114865289 A CN114865289 A CN 114865289A CN 202210621453 A CN202210621453 A CN 202210621453A CN 114865289 A CN114865289 A CN 114865289A
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China
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metal patch
bottom plate
piece
longitudinal
transverse
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CN202210621453.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈益凯
赵芬
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Chengdu Technology Co Ltd
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Chengdu Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202210621453.0A priority Critical patent/CN114865289A/en
Publication of CN114865289A publication Critical patent/CN114865289A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/104Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-profile magnetic dipole antenna applicable to a base station antenna, which comprises a reflection bottom plate, an L-shaped feeder, a first metal patch and a second metal patch, wherein the first metal patch and the second metal patch are arranged in bilateral symmetry and are fixedly connected to the reflection bottom plate, the L-shaped feeder comprises an end part feed piece, a horizontal feed piece and a vertical feed piece which are sequentially and integrally connected, the end part feed piece is embedded and fixed in the first metal patch, the horizontal feed piece is parallel to the reflection bottom plate, the vertical feed piece is perpendicular to the reflection bottom plate, the end part of the vertical feed piece is integrally connected with a connecting column, and the connecting column penetrates through the reflection bottom plate and is fixedly connected with an SMA connector below the connecting column. The invention can adopt an all-metal structure, has simple structure and clear design process, can reduce the difficulty of design and application and has strong transportability.

Description

Low-profile magnetic dipole antenna applicable to base station antenna
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a low-profile magnetic dipole antenna which can be used for a base station antenna.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of modern wireless communication technology, 5G communication systems are widely used in various fields due to their characteristics of high rate and low delay. An important ring constituting a mobile communication system is a base station antenna, but as technology is upgraded, the demand of base stations is increased, more dense arrangement is required, and space resources are lacked, so that the requirements for miniaturization and low profile of the base station antenna are higher and higher.
The basic element in a conventional base station to implement dual polarized radiation is an electric dipole antenna. The electric dipole antenna has the advantages of wide bandwidth and strong polarization stability, and can form higher front-to-back ratio and better beam forming by combining with an antenna reflecting plate, so that the existing design mainly adopts an electric dipole as a structural unit of a base station antenna. This design has certain limitations. Typically, a base station antenna formed by an electric dipole has a high profile height, approximately one-quarter wavelength at the center frequency point of the operating band. In order to achieve miniaturization of the base station antenna, other means have to be taken to reduce the profile.
In 2006, professor k.m. luk et al published "a New Wideband unified Antenna Element", which combines an electric dipole and a magnetic dipole together by using a complementary principle, and designs a magnetoelectric dipole by satisfying certain excitation amplitude and excitation phase conditions. The E-plane and H-plane directional diagrams of the magnetic dipole and the electric dipole compensate each other, and the antenna obtains a wider working frequency band, a higher front-to-back ratio and stable radiation performance. These advantages of magnetoelectric dipoles have led to their widespread use in the design of base station antenna elements in the latter days. However, in order to meet the operation requirement of the electric dipole, the profile height of the magnetic dipole is still high, which greatly limits the future development of the base station antenna.
Because the work of the magnetic dipole which is arranged parallel to the ground is independent of the height from the ground, and the phase difference exists only 90 degrees between the directional diagram of the magnetic dipole and the directional diagram of the electric dipole, the application provides a low-profile magnetic dipole antenna, and the electric dipole can be replaced as a base station antenna radiation unit in the future.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a low profile magnetic dipole antenna for a base station antenna to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. According to the radiation mechanism of the magnetic dipole, the work of the magnetic dipole placed parallel to the ground is independent of the height, so that the magnetic dipole can realize a lower profile. In the present embodiment, a sectional height of 0.07 λ can be achieved by forming a loop current on the surface of the metal patch and keeping the loop current length of the magnetic dipole antenna unchanged.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a low section magnetic dipole antenna that can be used to base station antenna, includes reflection bottom plate, L shape feeder, first metal patch and second metal patch, fixedly connected with is first metal patch and the second metal patch that bilateral symmetry set up on the reflection bottom plate, L shape feeder is presented piece and vertical piece of presenting including the tip of a body coupling in proper order, the piece is presented to the level, the tip is presented the piece embedding and is fixed in first metal patch, and the piece is presented in the level and is on a parallel with the reflection bottom plate, and vertical piece perpendicular to reflection bottom plate of presenting is presented to the vertical piece tip a body coupling that presents and is connected with the spliced pole, and the spliced pole passes the reflection bottom plate to SMA with the below connects fixed connection.
Preferably, the first metal patch comprises a first longitudinal metal patch and a first transverse metal patch which are integrally connected, the first longitudinal metal patch is perpendicular to the reflection bottom plate, the bottom end of the first longitudinal metal patch is fixedly connected with the reflection bottom plate, and the first transverse metal patch is parallel to the reflection bottom plate;
the end part feed sheet is perpendicular to the first transverse metal patch, and the end part feed sheet is embedded and fixed in the first transverse metal patch.
Preferably, the second metal patch comprises a second longitudinal metal patch and a second transverse metal patch which are integrally connected, the second longitudinal metal patch is perpendicular to the reflection bottom plate, the bottom end of the second longitudinal metal patch is fixedly connected with the reflection bottom plate, and the second transverse metal patch is parallel to the reflection bottom plate;
the vertical feed sheet is close to the second longitudinal metal patch and parallel to the second longitudinal metal patch.
Preferably, the first longitudinal metal patch, the first transverse metal patch, the second longitudinal metal patch and the second transverse metal patch are rectangular, the first longitudinal metal patch and the second longitudinal metal patch are parallel to each other, and the first longitudinal metal patch and the second longitudinal metal patch have the same size;
the first transverse metal patch and the second transverse metal patch are located on the same horizontal plane, and the first transverse metal patch and the second transverse metal patch are identical in size.
Preferably, the horizontal feed piece comprises a first horizontal feed piece and a second horizontal feed piece which are connected integrally, one end, far away from the second horizontal feed piece, of the first horizontal feed piece is connected with the end feed piece integrally, and one end, far away from the first horizontal feed piece, of the second horizontal feed piece is connected with the vertical feed piece integrally.
Preferably, the width of the first horizontal feeding piece is smaller than that of the second horizontal feeding piece; the length of the first longitudinal metal patch and the second longitudinal metal patch which are vertical to the reflecting bottom plate is 46.8mm, and the height of the first longitudinal metal patch and the second longitudinal metal patch is 6 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can realize the height of 0.07 lambda, and greatly reduces the section height compared with the section height of the traditional electric dipole of 0.25 lambda; the invention can work under the 5G frequency band, has good cross polarization ratio, higher gain and extremely low section, has half-power beam width near 60 degrees, and can be applied to a base station antenna to make a unit structure; the invention can adopt an all-metal structure, has simple structure and clear design process, can reduce the difficulty of design and application and has strong transportability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a low profile magnetic dipole antenna that may be used in a base station antenna;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first metal patch and a second metal patch in a low-profile magnetic dipole antenna that can be used for a base station antenna;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a front side of a low profile magnetic dipole antenna that may be used in a base station antenna;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of an L-shaped feed line in a low-profile magnetic dipole antenna that can be used in a base station antenna;
FIG. 5 is a plot of the reflection coefficient of the low profile magnetic dipole antenna over the frequency range of 3.36GHz-3.9 GHz;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the main polarization and cross polarization of the low profile magnetic dipole antenna in the E-plane;
fig. 7 is a graph of the main polarization and cross polarization of the low profile magnetic dipole antenna in the H-plane.
In the figure: 1-a first metal patch, 11-a first longitudinal metal patch, 12-a first transverse metal patch, 2-L-shaped feeder, 21-an end part feeder, 22-a first horizontal feeder, 23-a second horizontal feeder, 24-a vertical feeder, 25-a connecting column, 3-a reflecting bottom plate, 4-a second metal patch, 41-a second longitudinal metal patch, 42-a second transverse metal patch and 5-an SMA connector.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example (b): referring to fig. 1 to 4, a low-profile magnetic dipole antenna for a base station antenna includes a reflective bottom plate 3, an L-shaped feeder 2, a first metal patch 1 and a second metal patch 4, the reflective bottom plate 3 is fixedly connected with the first metal patch 1 and the second metal patch 4 which are arranged in bilateral symmetry, the L-shaped feeder 2 includes an end feeder 21, a horizontal feeder and a vertical feeder 24 which are sequentially and integrally connected, the end feeder 21 is embedded and fixed in the first metal patch 1, the horizontal feeder is parallel to the reflective bottom plate 3, the vertical feeder 24 is perpendicular to the reflective bottom plate 3, the end of the vertical feeder 24 is integrally connected with a connecting column 25, and the connecting column 25 passes through the reflective bottom plate 3 and is fixedly connected with an SMA connector 5 below.
The horizontal and vertical feed tabs 24 make the L-shaped feed line 2 in an overall letter "L" shape.
The first metal patch 1 comprises a first longitudinal metal patch 11 and a first transverse metal patch 12 which are integrally connected, the first longitudinal metal patch 11 is perpendicular to the reflection bottom plate 3, the bottom end of the first longitudinal metal patch 11 is fixedly connected with the reflection bottom plate 3, and the first transverse metal patch 12 is parallel to the reflection bottom plate 3;
the end feeding sheet 21 is perpendicular to the first transverse metal patch 12, and the end feeding sheet 21 is embedded and fixed in the first transverse metal patch 12.
In this embodiment, the second metal patch 4 includes a second longitudinal metal patch 41 and a second transverse metal patch 42 that are integrally connected, the second longitudinal metal patch 41 is perpendicular to the reflective substrate 3, the bottom end of the second longitudinal metal patch 41 is fixedly connected to the reflective substrate 3, and the second transverse metal patch 42 is parallel to the reflective substrate 3;
the vertical feed piece 24 is close to the second longitudinal metal patch 41, the gap between the vertical feed piece 24 and the second longitudinal metal patch 41 may be 0.5mm, and the vertical feed piece 24 is parallel to the second longitudinal metal patch 41.
In this embodiment, the first longitudinal metal patch 11, the first transverse metal patch 12, the second longitudinal metal patch 41, and the second transverse metal patch 42 are all rectangular, the first longitudinal metal patch 11 and the second longitudinal metal patch 41 are parallel to each other, and the first longitudinal metal patch 11 and the second longitudinal metal patch 41 have the same size;
in specific application, the length of the first longitudinal metal patch 11 and the second longitudinal metal patch 41 perpendicular to the reflective bottom plate 3 is 46.8mm, the height of the first longitudinal metal patch 11 and the second longitudinal metal patch 41 is 6mm, and the distance between the first longitudinal metal patch 11 and the second longitudinal metal patch 41 is 32.8 mm;
the first transverse metal patch 12 and the second transverse metal patch 42 are located on the same horizontal plane, and the first transverse metal patch 12 and the second transverse metal patch 42 have the same size.
In specific application, the length of the first transverse metal patch 12 and the second transverse metal patch 42 parallel to the reflective bottom plate 3 is 46.8mm, the width of the first transverse metal patch is 14.4mm, and the distance between the first transverse metal patch 12 and the second transverse metal patch 42 is 4 mm;
the horizontal feed piece comprises a first horizontal feed piece 22 and a second horizontal feed piece 23 which are integrally connected, one end, far away from the second horizontal feed piece 23, of the first horizontal feed piece 22 is integrally connected with the end feed piece 21, and one end, far away from the first horizontal feed piece 22, of the second horizontal feed piece 23 is integrally connected with the vertical feed piece 24. The horizontal feed tab is close to the second transversal metal patch 42, the gap of which may be in particular 0.5 mm.
The width of the first horizontal feeding piece 22 is smaller than that of the second horizontal feeding piece 23.
In specific application, the length of the first horizontal feed sheet 22 parallel to the reflective bottom plate 3 is 10mm, and the width is 1.5 mm; the second horizontal feed piece 23 parallel to the reflective bottom plate 3 has a length of 8.4mm and a width of 2 mm; the width of the vertical feed sheet 24 vertical to the reflection bottom plate 3 is 2mm, and the height is 4.5 mm; the width of the end part feed sheet 21 is 1.5mm, and the height is 0.5 mm; the reflective backplane 3 is a rectangular structure with a length of 65mm and a width of 65 mm.
The low-profile magnetic dipole antenna is manufactured by the method, the working bandwidth of the low-profile magnetic dipole antenna is 3.38GHz-3.8GHz, the height of the low-profile magnetic dipole antenna is 6mm and about 0.07 lambda, and the overall size of the antenna is 0.55 lambda multiplied by 0.39 lambda.
Fig. 5 shows the reflection coefficient of the low-profile magnetic dipole antenna in the frequency band of 3.2GHz-3.9GHz, where the horizontal axis represents frequency and the vertical axis represents the amplitude of the reflection coefficient.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of the main polarization and cross polarization of the low profile magnetic dipole antenna in the E-plane. The solid lines show the radiation pattern of the main polarization and the dashed lines show the radiation pattern of the cross polarization.
Fig. 7 is a diagram of the main polarization and cross polarization of the low profile magnetic dipole antenna in the H-plane. The solid lines show the radiation pattern of the main polarization and the dashed lines show the radiation pattern of the cross polarization.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the first longitudinal metal patch 11, the first transverse metal patch 12, the second longitudinal metal patch 41, the second transverse metal patch 42, the L-shaped feeder 2 and the reflecting bottom plate 3 form a square ring with a small gap, and current flows along the square ring to present a circular current; according to the electromagnetic field theory, the circulating current can be equivalent to a magnetic current, and the first metal patch 1, the second metal patch 4 and the reflecting bottom plate 3 can work as a magnetic dipole antenna together.
In the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only terms of relationships determined for convenience of describing structural relationships of the parts or elements of the present invention, and are not intended to refer to any parts or elements of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A low-profile magnetic dipole antenna usable for a base station antenna, comprising a reflective base plate (3), an L-shaped feeder (2), a first metal patch (1) and a second metal patch (4), characterized in that: fixedly connected with is first metal patch (1) and second metal patch (4) that bilateral symmetry set up on reflection bottom plate (3), L shape feeder (2) feed piece (21), level and vertical piece (24) of feeding including the tip of a body coupling in proper order, the tip is fed piece (21) embedding and is fixed in first metal patch (1), and the level is fed the piece and is on a parallel with reflection bottom plate (3), and vertical piece (24) perpendicular to reflection bottom plate (3) of feeding is fed, and vertical piece (24) tip a body coupling has spliced pole (25) of feeding, and spliced pole (25) pass reflection bottom plate (3) to SMA with the below connects (5) fixed connection.
2. A low profile magnetic dipole antenna for use in a base station antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first metal patch (1) comprises a first longitudinal metal patch (11) and a first transverse metal patch (12) which are integrally connected, the first longitudinal metal patch (11) is perpendicular to the reflection bottom plate (3), the bottom end of the first longitudinal metal patch (11) is fixedly connected with the reflection bottom plate (3), and the first transverse metal patch (12) is parallel to the reflection bottom plate (3);
the end part feeding sheet (21) is perpendicular to the first transverse metal patch (12), and the end part feeding sheet (21) is embedded and fixed in the first transverse metal patch (12).
3. A low profile magnetic dipole antenna for use in a base station antenna as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the second metal patch (4) comprises a second longitudinal metal patch (41) and a second transverse metal patch (42) which are integrally connected, the second longitudinal metal patch (41) is perpendicular to the reflection bottom plate (3), the bottom end of the second longitudinal metal patch (41) is fixedly connected with the reflection bottom plate (3), and the second transverse metal patch (42) is parallel to the reflection bottom plate (3);
the vertical feed sheet (24) is close to the second longitudinal metal patch (41), and the vertical feed sheet (24) is parallel to the second longitudinal metal patch (41).
4. A low profile magnetic dipole antenna for use in a base station antenna as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the first longitudinal metal patch (11), the first transverse metal patch (12), the second longitudinal metal patch (41) and the second transverse metal patch (42) are all rectangular, the first longitudinal metal patch (11) and the second longitudinal metal patch (41) are parallel to each other, and the first longitudinal metal patch (11) and the second longitudinal metal patch (41) are the same in size;
the first transverse metal patch (12) and the second transverse metal patch (42) are located on the same horizontal plane, and the size of the first transverse metal patch (12) is the same as that of the second transverse metal patch (42).
5. A low profile magnetic dipole antenna useful as a base station antenna as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the horizontal feed piece comprises a first horizontal feed piece (22) and a second horizontal feed piece (23) which are connected integrally, one end, far away from the second horizontal feed piece (23), of the first horizontal feed piece (22) is connected with the end feed piece (21) integrally, and one end, far away from the first horizontal feed piece (22), of the second horizontal feed piece (23) is connected with the vertical feed piece (24) integrally.
6. A low profile magnetic dipole antenna for use in a base station antenna as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the width of the first horizontal feeding piece (22) is smaller than that of the second horizontal feeding piece (23); the length of the first longitudinal metal patch (11) and the second longitudinal metal patch (41) which are vertical to the reflecting bottom plate (3) is 46.8mm, and the height is 6 mm.
CN202210621453.0A 2022-06-01 2022-06-01 Low-profile magnetic dipole antenna applicable to base station antenna Pending CN114865289A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210621453.0A CN114865289A (en) 2022-06-01 2022-06-01 Low-profile magnetic dipole antenna applicable to base station antenna

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101527391A (en) * 2009-04-15 2009-09-09 南京邮电大学 Plate-shaped feeding air-dielectric patch antenna
CN112635976A (en) * 2020-12-17 2021-04-09 中北大学南通智能光机电研究院 Zigzag dipole 5G base station antenna unit
CN113451753A (en) * 2020-03-26 2021-09-28 深圳光启尖端技术有限责任公司 Dipole antenna

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101527391A (en) * 2009-04-15 2009-09-09 南京邮电大学 Plate-shaped feeding air-dielectric patch antenna
CN113451753A (en) * 2020-03-26 2021-09-28 深圳光启尖端技术有限责任公司 Dipole antenna
CN112635976A (en) * 2020-12-17 2021-04-09 中北大学南通智能光机电研究院 Zigzag dipole 5G base station antenna unit

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
HANG WONG等: "Wideband Shorted Bowtie Patch Antenna With Electric Dipole", 《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION》, vol. 56, no. 7, 9 July 2008 (2008-07-09), pages 2098 - 2101, XP011229718, DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2008.924765 *

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