CN114861400A - Method for drawing high-precision underwater topography and sludge thickness double-interface distribution map - Google Patents
Method for drawing high-precision underwater topography and sludge thickness double-interface distribution map Download PDFInfo
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- CN114861400A CN114861400A CN202210367004.8A CN202210367004A CN114861400A CN 114861400 A CN114861400 A CN 114861400A CN 202210367004 A CN202210367004 A CN 202210367004A CN 114861400 A CN114861400 A CN 114861400A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for drawing a high-precision underwater topography and sludge thickness double-interface distribution map, which adopts the technical scheme that the method comprises the following steps: step S1: placing the single-frequency depth finder in water to send out a signal; step S2: putting the multi-frequency depth finder into water to send out a signal; step S3: collecting sound wave signals of a single-frequency depth finder, recording the processed water depth data as H1, collecting sound wave signals of a multi-frequency depth finder, and recording the processed water depth data as H2; step S4: correcting the H1 data; step S5: repeating the steps S1-S4 to obtain sludge depth data H3; step S6: calculating a water bottom grid file and an H3 grid file of the same point position according to H1 of each space point to obtain a sludge thickness grid file; step S7: the method has the advantages that the single-frequency depth sounder and the multi-frequency silt sounder are combined, and the correction precision of abnormal points is improved through iterative correction of data of the single-frequency depth sounder and the multi-frequency silt sounder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of underwater topography mapping, in particular to a method for drawing a high-precision underwater topography and sludge thickness double-interface distribution map.
Background
The underwater topographic map is drawn by measuring the plane position and elevation of rivers, lakes, reservoirs, estuaries and near-sea water bottom points. The underwater topographic map is widely applied, for example, the high-precision underwater topographic map is required for building modern deep water ports, flood control, irrigation, power generation and pollution control of rivers, lakes and reservoir areas, developing national deep water bank sections and coastal, estuary and inland river navigation sections, researching and preventing silt in built ports and the like. The underwater topographic map and the ground topographic map have no great difference in the aspects of projection, coordinate system, datum plane and other content representation, and the main difference between the underwater topographic map and the ground topographic map lies in the difficulty of mapping. The surveying instrument that present mainstream used is single-frequency depth finder, and single-frequency depth finder's principle is through the transducer of depth finder to submarine transmission sound wave, and the sound wave of reflection is accepted to the depth finder, and then the analysis goes out degree of depth information through the time of assay sound wave return, and through the supporting third party data acquisition software of depth finder, the artifical abnormal point of data of distinguishing corrects. But the information of this kind of submarine topography map feedback is single relatively, and the staff can't obtain submarine topography of high accuracy and silt thickness information simultaneously to artifical correction data is unusual, need rely on surveying personnel's experience, and the error is great, and the precision also is difficult to guarantee.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for drawing a high-precision double-interface distribution map of underwater topography and sludge thickness, which has the advantages that a single-frequency depth finder and a multi-frequency sludge detector are combined, and the correction precision of abnormal points is greatly improved through iterative correction of data of the single-frequency depth finder and the multi-frequency sludge detector, so that the high-precision double-interface distribution map of underwater topography-sludge thickness is provided.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for drawing a high-precision water bottom topography and sludge thickness double-interface distribution map comprises the following steps:
step S1: putting the single-frequency depth finder into water to send out a multiple-wave infrasonic signal;
step S2: putting the multi-frequency depth finder into water to send out a multi-wave infrasonic signal;
step S3: collecting sound wave signals sent by a single-frequency depth finder, and recording water depth data of a point position i after processing as H i Collecting sound wave signals sent by a multi-frequency depth finder, and recording water depth data of a point position i after processing as H i 2, obtaining point location i sludge thickness data after treatment and recording the data as N i ；
Step S4: according to H i 1 and H i 2 data, correction H i 1, data;
step S5: repeating the steps S1-S4 according to the H of each space point i 1 calculating a water depth grid file;
step S6: repeating the steps from S1 to S4 to obtain depth data H of the lower interface of the sludge i 3＝H i +N i According to H of each spatial point i 1, calculating to obtain a grid file of a lower interface of the sludge;
step S7: and fitting the water bottom grid file and the sludge thickness grid file by using software to obtain a water depth and sludge thickness double-interface distribution map.
Further, step S4 includes the following steps:
a. calculating the convergence factor K d According to the formula
Calculating the average value of the difference values of all the points H1 and H2 as A1(d represents the number of iterations);
b. according to convergence factor k d If the convergence factor k is satisfied d Conditions without correction of waterDeep data H i 1, if the convergence factor k is not satisfied d Condition, correcting to obtain new water depth data H i 1；
c. New water depth data H i Reiterative calculation of convergence factor k d Up to a convergence factor k d Meets the requirement and outputs water depth data H i 1。
Further, in step a in step S4: setting convergence factors
Wherein sigma d Is H i 1 and H i 2, eta is +/-1 cm + 0.4% multiplied by h, and h is the water depth value of the point.
Further, if k d If the value is less than or equal to 1, correction is not needed; if k is d >1，H i 1 and H i 2 the difference is greater than the average A1, H i Correcting value of 1 by +/-0.5 sigma i to obtain new H i 1。
Further, in step c in step S4: will be new H i 1, re-substituting into the step a, and repeating the circulation step until k d Until the concentration is less than or equal to 1.
Further, in step S6, H1 and H3 perform numerical interpolation calculation, set the same data range and grid size, and thereby obtain the grid size.
Further, in step S6, after the grid size is established, a grd file of the recorded water depth and a grd file of the recorded sludge thickness are derived, respectively, with the center coordinate point position being coincident.
Further, in step S7, the matlab is used to extract specific water depth data in the grd file for recording water depth and sludge thickness data in the grd file for recording sludge thickness, the matlab is used to combine the water depth data and the sludge thickness data at the same coordinate point, and then the data extraction and combination process is repeated until the data processing of all coordinate points is completed, and the data at all coordinate points are exported to the mapping software to draw a water depth and sludge thickness double-interface distribution map.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method comprises the steps of obtaining two sets of data through a single-frequency depth finder and a multi-frequency depth finder, comparing and correcting the two sets of data, completing correction of abnormal data through a reasonably designed correction program and multiple times of iterative correction, and greatly improving correction precision of data points.
2. The single-frequency depth finder has the advantages that the sound wave frequency is constant, the conduction of sound waves to substances (such as water) with constant density is hardly influenced, the detection precision of simple underwater topography is high, the multi-frequency depth finder has the advantages that the penetration performance of the multi-frequency sound waves is better, when a complex silt layer exists at the bottom, a better detection effect is achieved, the advantages of the two are combined, and the detection precision is further improved.
3. And through a reasonable convergence factor k, iterative correction is further performed on the detection data for multiple times, so that the data is infinitely close to the real water depth and sludge thickness, and higher spatial resolution is realized, so that a high-precision water depth sludge double-interface topographic map can be drawn.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the steps of a method for drawing a high-precision water bottom topography and sludge thickness double-interface distribution diagram.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a double interface distribution of water bottom topography and sludge thickness.
Detailed Description
Example (b):
example (b):
a method for drawing a high-precision water bottom topography and sludge thickness double-interface distribution map is shown in figure 1, and comprises the following steps:
before the surveying work is carried out, the water area range required to be surveyed is firstly specified.
Step S1: the single-frequency depth finder is put into water to send out multiple infrasonic wave signals.
Step S2: the multi-frequency depth finder is put into water to send out a multi-wave infrasonic signal.
Step S3: collecting sound wave signals emitted by a single-frequency depth finder at a certain space point, and recording the processed water depth data as H i Collecting sound wave signals sent by a multi-frequency depth finder, and recording water depth data obtained after processing as H i 2。
Step S4: according to H i 1 and H i 2 data, correction H i 1 data. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
a. calculating a convergence factor k d Setting convergence factor
Wherein sigma d Is H i 1 and H i 2, eta is +/-1 cm + 0.4% multiplied by H, H is the water depth value of the point, and H is calculated i 1 and H i The average of the differences of 2 is denoted as a1(i denotes the number of iterations).
b. According to convergence factor k d If the convergence factor k is satisfied d Condition without correcting water depth data H i 1, if the convergence factor k is not satisfied d Condition, correcting to obtain new water depth data H i 1, specifically:
if k is d Less than or equal to 1, and then H is added without correction i 1, recording;
if k is d >1，H i 1 and H i 2 the difference is greater than the average A1, H i Value correction of 1 ± 0.5 σ d Obtaining new H i 1。
c. New water depth data H i 1 reiterative calculation of the convergence factor k d I.e. H i 1 re-carries over to step a, repeats the loop until k d Until the concentration is less than or equal to 1. Until a convergence factor k is calculated d Meets the requirement and outputs water depth data H i 1。
Step S5: repeating the steps S1-S4 according to the H of each space point i 1 calculating a water depth grid file;
step S6: repeating the steps S1-S4 to obtain depth data H of the lower interface of the sludge i 3＝H i +N i According to H of each spatial point i 1, calculating to obtain a grid file of a lower interface of the sludge; the specific numerical interpolation formula is as follows:
wherein:
is the interpolated value at unknown point s0, C(s) i ,s j ) Is a covariance function between si, sj, a i The weight value in the difference for the data at si in the interpolated field.
Specifically, Hi1 and Hi3 perform numerical interpolation calculation, set the same data range and grid size, thereby obtaining grid size, and after the grid size is formulated, derive grd files for recording water depth and grd files for recording sludge thickness with the same central coordinate point position respectively. The above process is repeated to obtain grd files (recorded as grd1) recording water depth and grd files (recorded as grd2) recording sludge thickness for all spatial points.
Step S7: and (5) drawing a distribution diagram of the thickness of the deep cement. Specifically, a space point is selected, water depth data and sludge thickness data in a grd1 file and a grd2 file of the space point are extracted by using matlab, and then the water depth data and the sludge thickness data of the matlab are combined. Repeating the repeated data extraction and combination process until the data processing of all the coordinate points is completed, and exporting the data of all the coordinate points to three-party software drawing software, as shown in fig. 2, drawing a high-precision water depth and mud thickness double-interface distribution diagram.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for drawing a high-precision underwater topography and sludge thickness double-interface distribution map is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: putting the single-frequency depth finder into water to send out a multiple-wave infrasonic signal;
step S2: putting the multi-frequency depth finder into water to send out a multi-wave infrasonic signal;
step S3: collecting acoustic signals sent by a single-frequency depth finder, and recording water depth data of a point position i after processing as H i Collecting sound wave signals sent by a multi-frequency depth finder, and recording water depth data of a point position i after processing as H i 2, obtaining point location i sludge thickness data after treatment and recording the data as N i ；
Step S4: according to H i 1 and H i 2 data, correction H i 1, data;
step S5: repeating the steps S1-S4 according to the H of each space point i 1 calculating a water depth grid file;
step S6: repeating the steps from S1 to S4 to obtain depth data H of the lower interface of the sludge i 3＝H i +N i According to H of each spatial point i 1, calculating to obtain a grid file of a lower interface of the sludge;
step S7: and fitting the water bottom grid file and the sludge thickness grid file by using software to obtain a water depth and sludge thickness double-interface distribution map.
2. The method for drawing the high-precision water bottom topography and sludge thickness double-interface distribution map according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
step S4 includes the following steps:
a. calculating the convergence factor K d According to the formula
Calculating the average value of the difference values of all the points H1 and H2 as A1(d represents the number of iterations);
b. according to convergence factor k d If the convergence factor k is satisfied d Condition without correcting water depth data H i 1, if the convergence factor k is not satisfied d Condition, correcting to obtain new water depth data H i 1；
c. New water depth data H i Computing convergence factor k by reiteration d Up to a convergence factor k d Meets the requirement and outputs water depth data H i 1。
3. The method for drawing the high-precision water bottom topography and sludge thickness double-interface distribution map according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step a in step S4: setting convergence factors
Wherein sigma d Is H i 1 and H i 2, eta is +/-1 cm + 0.4% multiplied by h, and h is the water depth value of the point.
4. The method for drawing the high-precision water bottom topography and sludge thickness double-interface distribution map according to the claim 3, wherein: if k is d If the value is less than or equal to 1, correction is not needed; if k is d >1，H i 1 and H i 2 the difference is greater than the average A1, H i Correcting value of 1 by +/-0.5 sigma i to obtain new H i 1。
5. The method for drawing the high-precision water bottom topography and sludge thickness double-interface distribution map according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step c in step S4: will be newH i 1, re-substituting into the step a, and repeating the circulation step until k d Until the concentration is less than or equal to 1.
6. The method for drawing the high-precision water bottom topography and sludge thickness double-interface distribution map according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S6, H1 and H3 perform numerical interpolation calculation, set the same data range and grid size, and thereby obtain the grid size.
7. The method for drawing the high-precision water bottom topography and sludge thickness double-interface distribution map according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S6, after the grid size is established, a grd file of the recorded water depth and a grd file of the recorded sludge thickness are derived, respectively, with the center coordinate point position being coincident.
8. The method for drawing the high-precision water bottom topography and sludge thickness double-interface distribution map according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S7, matlab is used to extract specific water depth data in the grd file for recording water depth and sludge thickness data in the grd file for recording sludge thickness, matlab is used to combine the water depth data and the sludge thickness data at the same coordinate point, and then the data extraction and combination process is repeated until the data processing of all coordinate points is completed, and the data at all coordinate points are exported to the mapping software to draw a depth-mud thickness double-interface distribution map.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116295158A (en) * | 2023-05-17 | 2023-06-23 | 四川华恒升科技发展有限公司 | Instrument and method for measuring sludge depth based on airborne double-frequency depth finder |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116295158A (en) * | 2023-05-17 | 2023-06-23 | 四川华恒升科技发展有限公司 | Instrument and method for measuring sludge depth based on airborne double-frequency depth finder |
| CN116295158B (en) * | 2023-05-17 | 2023-08-08 | 四川华恒升科技发展有限公司 | Instrument and method for measuring sludge depth based on airborne double-frequency depth finder |
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