CN114861300A - Variable-thickness composite plate spring refined modeling method - Google Patents
Variable-thickness composite plate spring refined modeling method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a variable-thickness composite plate spring refined modeling method, which comprises the steps of introducing a geometric model of a composite plate spring, analyzing the composition of straight-line segments and circular-arc segments on the upper surface and the lower surface, and selecting a surface with relatively regular geometric characteristics as a basic plane of a layer; geometrically cutting the variable-thickness composite plate spring body according to the laying length of each layer of material, wherein the cut boundary length comprises the lengths of all layers; carrying out surface unit grid division on the basic plane to ensure that the normal phase of the surface unit is consistent with the direction of the layering; establishing a local coordinate system for each curve section of the basic plane, establishing a rectangular coordinate system for the straight section, and establishing a cylindrical coordinate system for the arc section; each layer establishes a unit SET SET to prepare for single-layer attribute assignment; establishing anisotropic material properties of the composite plate spring, and establishing single-layer properties of the composite material and a laminated plate; the laminate stacking direction is defined and the lay-up order and fiber direction are checked for correctness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of durability tests of a whole vehicle bearing system, relates to a composite plate spring modeling method, and particularly relates to a variable-thickness composite plate spring fine modeling method.
Background
A schematic diagram of a variable thickness composite leaf spring assembly is shown in figure 1. The axle housing is through last, lower plate assembly and this body coupling of combined material leaf spring, the leaf spring passes through bolt fixed connection with the lug joint at its both ends, bounce about the axle housing, the front and back braking, during the lateral deviation, connect through combined material leaf spring body and lug and transmit load for preceding, back leaf spring support, leaf spring support transmits load for the frame again, the combined material leaf spring can receive vertically in the work promptly, it is vertical, transverse load, the intensity that had both guaranteed the leaf spring meets the demands, guarantee again that the leaf spring can not warp too big at the work, guarantee promptly that its each direction rigidity satisfies certain requirements.
In the present variable thickness composite plate spring rigidity and strength calculation analysis process, two problems exist in the early modeling aspect: 1. because the plate spring is made of the composite material with variable thickness, the modeling is carried out by adopting a method of extracting the middle plane and giving the thickness, if the thickness is set according to the thicker thickness in the plate spring structure, the modeling of the plate spring made of the composite material with variable thickness is stronger, and if the thickness is set according to the thinner thickness in the plate spring structure, the modeling of the plate spring made of the composite material with variable thickness is weaker, so that the modeling is inaccurate; 2. if the solid unit is directly adopted for modeling analysis, the geometric characteristics of the model can be completely matched with the variable-thickness leaf spring body, but the layering information of each layer of the composite leaf spring is not conveniently reflected, and the overall attribute is generally given according to experience.
Patent document 1(CN216030425U) discloses a composite plate spring positioning device, and belongs to the technical field of automobile chassis parts. The positioning device comprises a plate spring body, a positioning column and peripheral parts, wherein the positioning column is arranged on the upper surface and/or the lower surface of the plate spring body, positioning holes are formed in the peripheral parts, the hole patterns of the positioning holes are matched with the cross section of the positioning column, and the peripheral parts are connected with the plate spring body through the positioning column penetrating through the positioning holes. The utility model is used for product size detection or positioning, which is convenient for the size detection of parts and improves the accuracy of size detection; the composite material plate spring body is not damaged, the material performance is fully exerted, the bearing capacity is improved, and the service life is prolonged; the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate can be not used any more, parts are reduced, weight is reduced, assembly is convenient, assembly speed is increased, and cost is reduced.
Patent document 2(CN114046947A) discloses a composite plate spring dual-channel bench device and a test method. The device at least comprises a plate spring fixing device, wherein the plate spring fixing device is used for fixing the middle part of a plate spring; the torsion assembly is hinged with one end of the plate spring and is used for applying torsion force to the plate spring; and the vertical loading assembly is fixedly connected with the torsion assembly and is used for applying vertical force to the torsion assembly and transmitting the vertical force to the plate spring. When the device is used, the vertical loading assembly and the torsion assembly exert acting force on the plate spring in a sine wave coordination loading mode, the loading frequency of the vertical loading assembly and the loading frequency of the torsion assembly are 2:1, and the phase difference is 0. According to the rack device provided by the invention, the torsion assembly provides torsion force for the plate spring, the vertical loading assembly provides vertical force for the plate spring through the torsion assembly, and the torsion assembly and the vertical loading assembly form composite force, so that the complex stress condition of the composite plate spring in a road can be well simulated, and the fatigue life can be effectively predicted.
Patent document 3(CN215487365U) discloses a longitudinally-arranged leaf spring for a secondary spring after a light truck, which comprises a leaf spring body, a secondary spring convex buckle plate and a secondary spring concave buckle plate, wherein the secondary spring convex buckle plate is matched with the secondary spring concave buckle plate and is arranged at the middle position of the leaf spring body, and the secondary spring convex buckle plate, the leaf spring body and the secondary spring concave buckle plate are fixedly connected in sequence through positioning pins; the plate spring body is of a bow-shaped structure and is made of composite materials. The utility model adopts composite materials, which solves the defects of short service life, heavy weight, low safety, poor comfort and the like of the common leaf spring; by adopting the ingenious structural design and the composite plate spring produced by the advanced manufacturing process, on the premise of meeting the requirements of the prior art, the production and manufacturing cost of the vehicle is reduced, the use and maintenance cost is reduced, the weight of the suspension system is reduced, a certain energy-saving effect is achieved, and the safety and the stability of the vehicle suspension system are greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a refined thickness-variable composite plate spring modeling method, which aims to solve the problem that when the rigidity and the strength of a thickness-variable composite plate spring are simulated, the geometric characteristics of the thickness-variable composite plate spring cannot be accurately reflected due to the fact that a modeling method is not fine, and layering information cannot be accurately reflected, so that a certain deviation exists between a rigidity simulation result and a test result.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a variable-thickness composite plate spring fine modeling method comprises the following steps:
s1, introducing a geometric model of a thickened composite plate spring body, analyzing curve sections of the upper surface and the lower surface of the plate spring body, and selecting a base surface of a layer;
s2, geometrically cutting the variable-thickness composite plate spring body according to the laying length of each layer of material, wherein the cut boundary length should include the lengths of all layers;
s3, carrying out surface unit grid division on the base surface to ensure that the normal phase of a surface unit is consistent with the direction of a layering;
s4, respectively establishing a local coordinate system for each curve section of the basic surface;
s5, establishing a unit SET SET for each layer according to a layer parameter table of the composite plate spring;
s6, establishing anisotropic material properties of the composite plate spring, and establishing single-layer properties and a laminated plate of the composite material;
s7, defining the stacking direction of the composite material laminated plate, and checking whether the layering sequence and the fiber direction are correct.
Further, in step S1, the curved sections of the upper and lower surfaces of the plate spring body include straight sections and circular sections.
Further, the base surface curve segments of the ply are, in order: the first straight line segment, the first R80 arc segment, the first R1955 arc segment, the second straight line segment, the second R1955 arc segment, the second R80 arc segment and the third straight line segment.
Further, in the step S3, the composite plate spring is gridded by using Hypermesh software, and S4R plane units are used, when the grid is divided, 7 curve segment grids are respectively established in 7 Component assemblies, and the normal direction of the plane unit is consistent with the ply direction.
Further, in step S4, different local coordinate systems are established for different curve segments of the base surface: the straight line section establishes a rectangular coordinate system, and the circular arc section establishes a cylindrical coordinate system.
Furthermore, the Z direction of the rectangular coordinate system is consistent with the normal direction of the unit, the X direction is along the length direction of the plate spring, and the X directions of all the rectangular coordinate systems are along the length direction of the same plate spring; the r direction of the cylindrical coordinate system is the radius direction, the circle center points to the arc where the plate spring is located, the t direction is the tangential direction, and the t directions of all the cylindrical coordinate systems are along the same tangential direction.
Furthermore, in step S5, according to the ply parameter table of the composite leaf spring, which includes the ply direction and ply length information of each layer of fabric, the S4R units included in the ply length range of each layer are established as a Set unit Set, so as to constrain the 1-6 degrees of freedom of the connection point between the subframe and the vehicle body, and apply bolt pre-tightening force.
Further, the step S6 includes:
s61, establishing the anisotropic material properties of the composite plate spring, including elastic modulus, Poisson ratio and shear modulus;
s62, establishing a composite material single-layer attribute and a laminated plate: the composite material attribute setting adopts Ply + Stack layering definition mode in Hypermesh.
Further, in step S62, the Ply + Stack layer is defined as: defining the range of physical layers of each composite material, wherein one physical layer corresponds to one ply card, and then stacking each ply in sequence through stack cards to form a complete laminated plate.
Further, the step S7 includes:
s71, defining the stacking direction of the composite material laminated plate: setting attributes for each Component group of the composite material plate spring body, establishing attribute Property, and defining the stacking direction of all units;
s72, checking the layering sequence and the fiber direction.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the variable-thickness composite plate spring is modeled finely, the upper surface and the lower surface of a plate spring body are analyzed, straight line sections and circular arc sections of the upper surface and the lower surface are divided, and a surface which is formed by the straight line sections and the circular arc sections and has a relative rule is found out and used as a basic surface of a laying layer;
according to the invention, the composite material plate spring body is geometrically cut according to the layer laying length of each layer of material, so as to accurately divide a single-layer laying area;
the number of the grid Component groups is consistent with the number of the curve sections on the surface of the plate spring;
after the S4R face units are adopted to divide the grids, the normal direction of the face units is consistent with the direction of the paving layer;
in order to ensure continuous and uninterrupted fiber during modeling, local coordinate systems are established for different sections of the surface of the plate spring body, a local rectangular coordinate system is established for straight line sections, a local cylindrical coordinate system is established for circular arc sections, all the rectangular coordinate systems are arranged along the same length direction of the plate spring in the X direction, and all the cylindrical coordinate systems are arranged along the same tangential direction in the tangential direction.
In conclusion, the thickness-variable composite plate spring fine modeling method provided by the invention solves the problem that the existing thickness-variable composite plate spring is inaccurate in modeling, and ensures the development of the rigidity and the strength performance of the thickness-variable composite plate spring.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a variable thickness composite leaf spring assembly;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a thickness-variable composite plate spring fine modeling method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the surface composition and the layering direction of the variable thickness composite plate spring according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the geometric model of the variable thickness composite plate spring before and after cutting in the embodiment of the invention
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of grid division and cell normal in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a local coordinate system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the stacking sequence and fiber direction of the composite leaf spring in the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-a first straight line segment; 2-a first R80 arc segment; 3-first R1955 arc segment; 4-a second straight line segment; 5-second R1955 arc segment; 6-a second R80 arc segment; 7-a third straight line segment; 8-a composite leaf spring body; 9-an upper clamping plate assembly; 10-a lower splint assembly; 11-shackle joint.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described by combining the drawings and the embodiment:
the design idea of the invention is as follows:
before the rigidity and strength of the variable-thickness composite plate spring are analyzed, a variable-thickness composite plate spring analysis model needs to be accurately established, the geometric characteristics of the model need to be completely reflected, and the layering relation needs to be accurately established. Firstly, introducing a geometric model of the composite plate spring, analyzing the composition of straight line sections and circular arc sections of the upper surface and the lower surface, collectively called curve sections, and selecting a surface with relative regular geometric characteristics as a base plane of a laying layer; then, geometrically cutting the variable-thickness composite plate spring body according to the laying length of each layer of material, wherein the cut boundary length should include the length of all the layers; thirdly, carrying out surface unit grid division on the basic plane to ensure that the normal phase of the surface unit is consistent with the direction of the layering; thirdly, establishing a local coordinate system for each curve section of the basic plane, establishing a rectangular coordinate system for the straight section, and establishing a cylindrical coordinate system for the arc section; thirdly, each layer establishes a unit SET SET to prepare for single-layer attribute assignment; thirdly, establishing anisotropic material properties of the composite plate spring, and establishing single-layer properties of the composite material and a laminated plate; finally, the laminate stacking direction is defined and the lay-up order and fiber direction are checked for correctness.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a variable-thickness composite plate spring fine modeling method comprises the following steps:
s1, introducing a geometric model of a thickened composite plate spring body, analyzing curve sections of the upper surface and the lower surface of the plate spring body, and selecting a base surface of a layer;
s2, geometrically cutting the variable-thickness composite plate spring body according to the laying length of each layer of material, wherein the cut boundary length should include the lengths of all layers;
s3, carrying out surface unit grid division on the base surface to ensure that the normal phase of a surface unit is consistent with the direction of a layering;
s4, respectively establishing a local coordinate system for each curve section of the basic surface;
s5, establishing a unit SET SET for each layer according to a layer parameter table of the composite plate spring;
s6, establishing anisotropic material properties of the composite plate spring, and establishing single-layer properties and a laminated plate of the composite material;
s7, defining the stacking direction of the composite material laminated plate, and checking whether the layering sequence and the fiber direction are correct.
Further, in step S1, the curved sections of the upper and lower surfaces of the plate spring body include straight sections and circular sections.
Further, the base surface curve segments of the ply are, in order: the first straight line segment, the first R80 arc segment, the first R1955 arc segment, the second straight line segment, the second R1955 arc segment, the second R80 arc segment and the third straight line segment.
Further, in the step S3, the composite plate spring is gridded by using Hypermesh software, and S4R plane units are used, when the grid is divided, 7 curve segment grids are respectively established in 7 Component assemblies, and the normal direction of the plane unit is consistent with the ply direction.
Further, in step S4, different local coordinate systems are established for different curve segments of the base surface: the straight line section establishes a rectangular coordinate system, and the circular arc section establishes a cylindrical coordinate system.
Furthermore, the Z direction of the rectangular coordinate systems is consistent with the normal direction of the unit, the X direction is along the length direction of the plate spring, and the X directions of all the rectangular coordinate systems are along the length direction of the same plate spring; the r direction of the cylindrical coordinate system is the radius direction, the circular arc where the plate spring is located is pointed from the circle center, the t direction is the tangential direction, and the t directions of all the cylindrical coordinate systems are along the same tangential direction.
Furthermore, in step S5, according to the ply parameter table of the composite leaf spring, which includes the ply direction and ply length information of each layer of fabric, the S4R units included in the ply length range of each layer are established as a Set unit Set, so as to constrain the 1-6 degrees of freedom of the connection point between the subframe and the vehicle body, and apply bolt pre-tightening force.
Further, the step S6 includes:
s61, establishing the anisotropic material properties of the composite plate spring, including elastic modulus, Poisson ratio and shear modulus;
s62, establishing a composite material single-layer attribute and a laminated plate: the composite material attribute setting adopts Ply + Stack layering definition mode in Hypermesh.
Further, in step S62, the Ply + Stack layer is defined as: defining the range of physical layers of each composite material, wherein one physical layer corresponds to one ply card, and then stacking each ply in sequence through stack cards to form a complete laminated plate.
Further, the step S7 includes:
s71, defining the stacking direction of the composite material laminated plate: setting attributes for each Component group of the composite material plate spring body, establishing attribute Property, and defining the stacking direction of all units;
s72, checking the layering sequence and the fiber direction.
Examples
The embodiment is a thickness-variable composite plate spring fine modeling method, and by taking a certain vehicle type thickness-variable composite plate spring as a legend, implementation steps of the method are described in detail:
firstly, a geometric model of the variable-thickness composite plate spring body is introduced, the upper surface and the lower surface of the plate spring body are analyzed, straight-line sections and circular arc sections of the upper surface and the lower surface are divided, a surface which is relatively regular and formed by the straight-line sections and the circular arc sections is found out and is used as a basic surface of a laying layer, in this example, the surface A is selected as a basic plane, namely, the laying layer is laid from A to B, as shown in fig. 3.
In the second step, the composite material is laid in different lengths along the length direction of the plate spring for each single-layer material product (unidirectional fabric and biaxial fabric), as shown in table 1. It is necessary to cut the geometric model of the composite leaf spring body according to the length of the single-layer ply so as to divide the area of the single-layer ply, as shown in fig. 4.
TABLE 1 layering direction and layering length for variable thickness composite plate spring part
And thirdly, carrying out grid division on the surface A of the composite plate spring by using Hypermesh software, wherein an S4R surface unit is adopted, the surface A is composed of 3 straight line segments and 4 circular arc segments, the total number of the straight line segments and the circular arc segments is 7, when the grid is divided, 7 grids of the curve segments are respectively built in 7 Component assemblies, and the normal direction of the surface unit is consistent with the direction of the laying layer, as shown in figure 5.
Fourthly, in order to enable the fiber laying layers of different curve sections to be continuous, different local coordinate systems are established for different curve sections, local rectangular coordinate systems (3 local cylindrical coordinate systems in the present example) are established for the straight line sections at corresponding positions, the Z direction of the rectangular coordinate systems is consistent with the normal direction of the unit, the X direction is along the length direction of the plate spring, the X directions of all the rectangular coordinate systems are along the length direction of the same plate spring, the circular arc sections are established with cylindrical coordinate systems at corresponding central positions, the r direction is the radius direction, the circle center points to the circular arc where the plate spring is located, the t direction is the tangential direction, and the t directions of all the local cylindrical coordinate systems (4 local cylindrical coordinate systems in the present example) are along the same tangential direction, as shown in fig. 6.
And fifthly, establishing a Set of units, establishing S4R units contained in the range of the layering length of each layer into a Set unit Set according to a layering parameter table of the composite plate spring, wherein the table contains layering direction and layering length information of each layer of fabric, and preparing for subsequently establishing the attribute of the composite single-layer plate. Restraining 1-6 degrees of freedom of a connection point of the auxiliary frame and the vehicle body as shown in figures 8, 9 and 10, and applying bolt pretightening force;
sixthly, establishing the anisotropic material properties of the composite plate spring, including the elastic modulus in the 1 and 2 directions, the Poisson ratio and the shear modulus in the 12, 23 and 31 directions, wherein two composite material parameters need to be established according to a single-layer material parameter table
Seventh step, build composite monolayer properties and laminate: the composite material attribute setting adopts Ply + Stack layer definition mode in Hypermesh, namely, the range of each composite material physical layer is defined, one physical layer corresponds to one Ply card, and then each Ply is laminated in sequence through the Stack card to form a complete laminated plate.
An eighth step of defining a stacking direction of the composite material laminated plate: the attributes are set for 7 Component groups of the composite material plate spring body, and since all the normal directions of the units point to the B surface from the A surface and the stacking direction also points to the B surface from the A surface, only one attribute Property needs to be established in the example and the stacking direction of all the units is defined. If the stacking direction of the Component groups is not consistent, 7 different attributes need to be established.
And step nine, checking the layering sequence and the fiber direction. As shown in fig. 7.
Claims (10)
1. A variable-thickness composite plate spring fine modeling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, introducing a geometric model of a thickened composite plate spring body, analyzing curve sections of the upper surface and the lower surface of the plate spring body, and selecting a base surface of a layer;
s2, geometrically cutting the variable-thickness composite plate spring body according to the laying length of each layer of material, wherein the cut boundary length should include the lengths of all layers;
s3, carrying out surface unit grid division on the base surface to ensure that the normal phase of a surface unit is consistent with the direction of a layering;
s4, respectively establishing a local coordinate system for each curve section of the basic surface;
s5, establishing a unit SET SET for each layer according to a layer stacking parameter table of the composite plate spring;
s6, establishing anisotropic material properties of the composite plate spring, and establishing single-layer properties and a laminated plate of the composite material;
s7, defining the stacking direction of the composite material laminated plate, and checking whether the layering sequence and the fiber direction are correct.
2. The method for modeling a variable-thickness composite plate spring in a refined manner as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the curved sections of the upper and lower surfaces of the plate spring body include straight sections and circular sections.
3. The method for fine modeling of the variable thickness composite plate spring as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base surface curve segments of the ply are 7 curve segments in sequence: straight line segment, circular arc segment, straight line segment.
4. The method for modeling a variable-thickness composite plate spring in a refined manner according to claim 3, wherein in step S3, Hypermesh software is used to perform mesh division on the base surface of the composite plate spring, S4R face units are adopted, and when the meshes are divided, 7 meshes of curve segments are respectively built in 7 Component assemblies, and the normal direction of the face units is consistent with the direction of the layer.
5. The method for fine modeling of thickness-variable composite leaf springs as claimed in claim 4 wherein in step S4, different local coordinate systems are established for different curve segments of the base surface: the straight line section establishes a rectangular coordinate system, and the circular arc section establishes a cylindrical coordinate system.
6. The method for fine modeling of a variable thickness composite plate spring as claimed in claim 5, wherein the rectangular coordinate system, the Z direction and the cell normal direction are consistent, the X direction is along the length direction of the plate spring, and the X direction of all the rectangular coordinate systems is along the length direction of the same plate spring; the r direction of the cylindrical coordinate system is the radius direction, the circle center points to the arc where the plate spring is located, the t direction is the tangential direction, and the t directions of all the cylindrical coordinate systems are along the same tangential direction.
7. The method for modeling a variable-thickness composite plate spring in a refined manner as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step S5, according to a layer parameter table of the composite plate spring, the table includes information of the layer direction and the layer length of each layer of fabric, S4R units included in the range of the layer length of each layer are established into a Set unit Set, the 1-6 degrees of freedom of the connection point of the subframe and the vehicle body are restrained, and bolt pretightening force is applied.
8. The method for fine modeling of a variable thickness composite plate spring as claimed in claim 7, wherein the step S6 includes:
s61, establishing the anisotropic material properties of the composite plate spring, including elastic modulus, Poisson ratio and shear modulus;
s62, establishing a composite material single-layer attribute and a laminated plate: the composite material attribute setting adopts Ply + Stack layering definition mode in Hypermesh.
9. The method for fine modeling of the variable thickness composite plate spring according to claim 8, wherein in the step S62, Ply + Stack Ply is defined as: defining the range of physical layers of each composite material, wherein one physical layer corresponds to one ply card, and then stacking each ply in sequence through stack cards to form a complete laminated plate.
10. The method for fine modeling of a variable thickness composite plate spring as claimed in claim 8, wherein the step S7 includes:
s71, defining the stacking direction of the composite material laminated plate: setting attributes for each Component group of the composite material plate spring body, establishing attribute Property, and defining the stacking direction of all units;
s72, checking the layering sequence and the fiber direction.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116522420A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-08-01 | 山东石油化工学院 | Mechanical property simulation design method and system for curved surface column type composite material |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116522420A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-08-01 | 山东石油化工学院 | Mechanical property simulation design method and system for curved surface column type composite material |
| CN116522420B (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-08-29 | 山东石油化工学院 | Mechanical property simulation design method and system for curved surface column type composite material |
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