CN114859487A - Sealed oil well optical cable - Google Patents
Sealed oil well optical cable Download PDFInfo
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- CN114859487A CN114859487A CN202210406245.9A CN202210406245A CN114859487A CN 114859487 A CN114859487 A CN 114859487A CN 202210406245 A CN202210406245 A CN 202210406245A CN 114859487 A CN114859487 A CN 114859487A
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- oil well
- optical fiber
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 39
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 36
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a sealed oil well optical cable which comprises a sheath steel pipe, an optical unit and a steel wire, wherein the optical unit and the steel wire are positioned in the sheath steel pipe, and a gap between the sheath steel pipe and the steel wire and between the sheath steel pipe and the optical unit is filled with a sealing filling material. The core part of the oil well optical cable is in a filled, sealed and encapsulated state by filling the sealing and filling material into the sheath steel tube of the oil well optical cable, so that underground corrosive gas and liquid can be prevented from entering the cable core in a high-temperature and high-pressure underground environment, even if the optical cable sheath steel tube has defects, corrosive or toxic substances can be prevented from directly contacting the optical unit or leaking into the external environment through gaps, the corrosion to the optical unit and the environmental pollution or the personal safety hazard can be avoided, and the optical cable sheath steel tube is suitable for the operations of well logging, perforation, core taking and the like of various oil wells or gas wells, and the occasions of geological exploration, geothermal well logging, ocean river water conservancy measurement and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil well optical cables, in particular to a sealed oil well optical cable.
Background
The oil well optical cable is mainly applied to logging of various oil wells and gas wells, geological exploration, geothermal logging and other occasions and is used as a cable for signal transmission and communication connection of underground sensing equipment and measuring instruments. The oil well optical cable operation environment is usually a high-temperature high-pressure high-corrosion underground well, and in order to ensure the normal operation of the underground operation, the oil well optical cable product is usually made of a corrosion-resistant and pressure-resistant material.
At present, most of oil well optical cables are formed by twisting steel wires and coating steel pipes, gaps usually exist between the steel wires and the steel pipes, along with the increase of the service life of the oil well optical cables, particularly after long-term use in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment or when an outer protective layer of the optical cable is damaged in the perforation operation process, underground corrosive gas and liquid possibly permeate into a cable core through the surface defects of the oil well optical cable, so that the corrosion inside an oil well optical cable assembly is caused, the corrosive gas or liquid possibly leaks to the ground along the optical cable, the environment pollution or the personal safety are caused on the oil well operation site, and huge potential safety hazards exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a sealed oil well optical cable, which solves the problems of environmental protection and potential safety hazard caused by corrosive gas or liquid entering a cable core in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a sealed-type oil well cable including a sheath steel pipe, and optical units and steel wires inside the sheath steel pipe, wherein gaps between the sheath steel pipe and the steel wires and the optical units are filled with a sealing filler.
Furthermore, the sealing filling material is polytetrafluoroethylene, preferably, the sealing filling material is filled in gaps in the sheath steel tube in a wrapping, filling rope or longitudinal wrapping mode, more preferably, the steel wires and the optical units are twisted to form a cable-shaped structure, a plurality of steel wires are provided, preferably, part of polytetrafluoroethylene wraps the steel wires or the optical units at the central position, and preferably, the thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene wrapping the steel wires or the optical units at the central position is 0.05-0.25 mm; further preferably, the outer layer of the cable-shaped structure is wrapped by polytetrafluoroethylene, and the thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene wrapping the outer layer of the cable-shaped structure is preferably 0.1-0.5 mm.
Further, the optical unit comprises at least one optical fiber, the optical fiber comprises a fiber core, a cladding and a coating layer, the coating layer is preferably made of high-temperature-resistant materials, and the coating layer is further preferably a temperature-resistant acrylate coating, a polyimide coating or a metal coating; it is further preferred that there is a carbon-coated coating between the cladding and the coating.
Further, the optical unit includes an optical fiber protection tube, the optical fiber is disposed in a lumen of the optical fiber protection tube, preferably, the optical fiber protection tube is a stainless steel tube, and more preferably, the optical fiber protection tube is a longitudinally welded stainless steel tube.
Further, the optical fiber protection tube comprises a filler, and the filler is preferably hydrogen-absorbing fiber paste.
Further, the steel wire is helically twisted with the light unit, which is disposed on the outer layer.
Further, the sheath steel pipe is a stainless steel pipe, and preferably, the sheath steel pipe is a longitudinally welded stainless steel pipe.
Further, a sheath is arranged on the outer side of the sheath steel pipe, preferably, the material of the sheath is selected from one or more of fluorinated ethylene propylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyether ether ketone, polypropylene and nylon, and further preferably, the sheath is an extruded sheath or a wrapped sheath.
Furthermore, the steel wires are formed by twisting galvanized steel wires, stainless steel wires or alloy coating steel wires.
Further, the optical fiber is any one or more of a single mode fiber, a multi-core single mode fiber, a few-mode fiber, a grating fiber and a microstructure fiber.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the core part of the oil well optical cable is in a full sealing and packaging state by filling the sealing and filling material into the sheath steel tube of the oil well optical cable, so that underground corrosive gas and liquid can be prevented from entering the cable core in a high-temperature and high-pressure underground environment, even if the cable sheath steel tube has defects, corrosive or toxic substances can be prevented from directly contacting the optical unit or leaking into the external environment through gaps, the corrosion to the optical unit and the environmental pollution or personal safety hazard are avoided, and the optical cable sheath steel tube is suitable for the operations of well logging, perforation, core taking and the like of various oil wells or gas wells, and the occasions of geological exploration, geothermal well logging, ocean river water conservancy measurement and the like.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a sealed-type oil well cable of example 1 of the present invention.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals: 1. a sheath; 2. a steel pipe with a protective layer; 3. sealing the filling material; 4. a steel wire; 5. a light unit; 51. an optical fiber protection tube; 52. an optical fiber; 53. and (4) filling materials.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
As the analysis of the background of the application, the inside of the oil well optical cable in the prior art usually has a gap, so that underground corrosive gas and liquid possibly permeate into a cable core through the surface defects of the oil well optical cable, the optical cable has potential safety hazards and environmental risks in the using process, and in order to solve the problem, the application provides the sealed oil well optical cable.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, there is provided a sealed type oil well cable, as shown in fig. 1, which includes a steel sheath pipe 2, and optical units 5 and steel wires 4 positioned inside the steel sheath pipe 2, and a sealing filler 3 is filled in gaps between the steel sheath pipe 2 and the steel wires 4 and the optical units 5.
This application is through in the sheath steel pipe 2 with sealed filler 3 packing into the oil well optical cable, make the core of oil well optical cable present the solid sealed encapsulated state, can prevent corrosive gas and liquid entering cable core in the pit in the highly compressed underground environment of high temperature, even the defect appears in optical cable sheath steel pipe 2, also can prevent corrosivity or toxic substance direct contact light unit 5, or leak to the external environment through the clearance, avoid to the corruption of light unit and polluted environment or endanger personal safety, be applicable to the operation such as logging, perforation, coring of all kinds of oil wells or gas well, and occasions such as geological prospecting, geothermy logging, ocean river water conservancy measurement.
Above-mentioned sealed filler material 3 can select from the material that water blocking performance is good, the physical and chemical properties is stable, and be convenient for the construction, in some embodiments of this application, sealed filler material 3 is polytetrafluoroethylene, selects the polytetrafluoroethylene material to fill, and the advantage lies in that the polytetrafluoroethylene material texture is fluffy, and is compressible, does not influence the laser welding of steel pipe in process of production. The polytetrafluoroethylene material has stable performance, hardly reacts with any substance, is high temperature resistant, has the applicable temperature of 250 ℃, and can meet the use requirement of a high-temperature oil well environment.
The filling method of polytetrafluoroethylene is not particularly required as long as the above filling can be achieved. In some embodiments of the present application, in consideration of the filling effect and the convenience of construction, the gap in the sheath steel pipe 2 is filled with a wrapping tape, a longitudinal wrapping or a filling rope. In some embodiments of the present application, the steel wires 4 and the optical units 5 are twisted to form a cable-like structure, and the steel wires 4 are plural. Preferably, a part of polytetrafluoroethylene wraps the steel wire 4 or the optical unit 5 at the central position, so that the polytetrafluoroethylene is filled between the steel wire 4 and between the steel wire 4 and the optical unit 5, the filling mode can be spiral wrapping or longitudinal wrapping, and the optical cable and the optical unit 5 inside are protected better. More preferably, the outer layer of the cable-like structure is wrapped with polytetrafluoroethylene. In some embodiments, the thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene wrapped around the centrally located steel wire 4 is preferably 0.05-0.25 mm, and the thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene wrapped around the outer layer of the cable-like structure is preferably 0.1-0.5 mm, so as to achieve sufficient filling of the pores.
The optical unit is the part of the oil well cable used for sensing or communication and can be selected from the prior art. In some embodiments of the present application, the optical unit 5 includes at least one optical fiber 52, the optical fiber 52 includes a core, a cladding, and a coating layer disposed outside the cladding, preferably, the coating layer is made of a high temperature resistant material, and more preferably, the coating layer is a temperature resistant acrylate coating, a polyimide coating, or a metal coating, wherein the metal coating may be a coating layer made of aluminum, copper, or gold, and more preferably, a carbon coating is disposed between the cladding and the coating layer, and the carbon coating is formed by coating a carbon film on the surface of the optical fiber after the optical fiber drawing process, and the carbon coating can improve the fatigue resistance, hydrogen permeation resistance, and strength of the optical fiber. The coating material of the optical fiber 52 can be selected according to the requirements of the application environment of the optical cable, such as 150 ℃ acrylic coated optical fiber, 300 ℃ polyimide coated optical fiber, and higher temperature resistant aluminum coated optical fiber, copper coated optical fiber, gold plated optical fiber, etc.
The optical unit 5 may be constructed by a conventional method, and in some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the optical unit 5 includes an optical fiber protection tube 51, the optical fiber 52 is disposed in a lumen of the optical fiber protection tube 51, preferably, the optical fiber protection tube 51 is a stainless steel tube, and further preferably, the optical fiber protection tube is a longitudinally welded stainless steel tube, which has high radial pressure strength.
In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the optical fiber protection tube 51 includes a filler 53 therein, and the filler 53 is a hydrogen-absorbing fiber paste. The hydrogen-absorbing fiber paste not only can realize the protection function of mechanical buffering on the optical fiber 52, but also can absorb the free hydrogen in the optical fiber protection tube 51 to prevent the free hydrogen from influencing the performance of the optical fiber.
In some embodiments of the present application, the steel wire 4 is helically twisted with the light unit 5, and the light unit 5 is disposed at the outer layer.
The sheath steel pipe 2 of the optical cable has a protection effect on the whole optical cable, preferably is a stainless steel pipe, more preferably, the sheath steel pipe 2 is a longitudinally welded stainless steel pipe, has high radial bearing strength, and can bear radial pressure of more than 180MPa in some embodiments of the application.
In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, a sheath 1 is disposed on an outer side of a sheath steel tube 2, so as to perform a wrapping protection and sealing function on an optical cable, so as to improve environmental adaptability of the optical cable, preferably, a material constituting the sheath 1 is selected from materials with chemical corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, and good impact resistance, such as any one or more of polypropylene, nylon, fluorinated ethylene propylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polyetheretherketone, which can be selected according to a use environment, for example, it is required to be used under a high temperature condition, and a material of the sheath 1 is selected from materials with high temperature resistance. The manner in which the sheath 1 is arranged can be selected from the prior art, and in some embodiments of the present application, the sheath 1 is an extruded sheath or a wrapped sheath.
The steel wire 4 in the optical cable has high strength and plays a role in bearing and tensile strength, in some embodiments of the application, the steel wire 4 is formed by twisting any one or two of a galvanized steel wire, a stainless steel wire or an alloy coating steel wire, preferably, the tensile strength of the steel wire 4 is 1560-2170 MPa, and the tensile elastic modulus is not less than 190 GPa.
The optical fiber in the optical cable can be any one or more of various types of optical fibers in the prior art, such as single mode optical fiber, multimode optical fiber, multi-core single mode optical fiber, few-mode optical fiber, grating optical fiber and microstructure optical fiber.
The following will further illustrate the beneficial effects that can be achieved by the sealed type oil well cable provided by the present application in combination with the examples.
Example 1
The optical unit 5 comprises an optical fiber protection tube 51, a two-core single-mode optical fiber 52 and a two-core multimode optical fiber 52 in the optical fiber protection tube, wherein the two-core single-mode optical fiber 52 and the two-core multimode optical fiber 52 are both provided with optical fiber coating layers made of polyimide, the long-term working temperature can reach 300 ℃, the optical fiber protection tube 51 is a stainless steel tube, the outer diameter of the optical fiber protection tube is 1.45mm, and the optical fiber protection tube is internally provided with no filler 53; the steel wires 4 are high-strength stainless steel wires with the diameter of 1.45mm, 6 steel wires are twisted with the optical units 5 to form a cable, and the optical units 5 are arranged on the outer layer; the sealing filling material 3 is a polytetrafluoroethylene wrapping tape, is tightly wrapped outside the central steel wire and the twisted cable core, and plays a role in sealing the twisted cable core to prevent underground liquid and gas from entering the cable core; the sheath steel pipe 2 is a stainless steel pipe, the outer diameter of the steel pipe is 6.35mm, and the radial compressive strength is not lower than 180 MPa; the sheath 1 is made of perfluoroethylene propylene, the cross section of the sheath 1 is square, the side length is 10mm x 10mm, and the sheath is coated outside the insulated conductor stranded layer by adopting an extrusion process to play roles of coating, protecting and sealing the steel pipe 2 of the sheath layer.
The manufacturing process of the sealed oil well optical cable is as follows:
1) preparation of the light unit 5: the two-core single-mode fiber 52 and the two-core multi-mode fiber 52 are placed on a fiber placing frame, the steel belt is placed on a belt placing frame, the steel belt is pulled by a tractor to enter a steel pipe forming die to form a stainless steel pipe with a longitudinal cladding having a seam, and meanwhile, 4 fibers 52 are led in and welded by a laser welding machine to form a fiber protection pipe 51. Drawing the welded optical unit 5 through a drawing die, and detecting the welding integrity of the optical fiber protection tube through eddy current inspection; and the drawn optical unit 5 with the stainless steel protection tube is sent to a take-up stand by a tractor.
2) Preparing a sealed cable core: the optical unit 5 and the stainless steel wire 4 are placed on a pay-off rack, a polytetrafluoroethylene wrapping tape 3 with the thickness of 0.25mm is wrapped on the outer layer of the stainless steel wire 4 at the center, the wrapping covering rate is 50%, the stainless steel wire enters a cage stranding machine for stranding through traction of a traction machine, the stranding pitch is not more than 150mm, the optical unit is placed on the outer layer, the stranding is tight, no gap and strand scattering are caused, a cable core is formed, the polytetrafluoroethylene wrapping tape 3 is precisely wrapped outside the cable core, and the thickness of polytetrafluoroethylene on the outer layer is 0.4mm, so that a sealed cable core is formed.
3) Preparing a sheath steel pipe 2: and (3) wrapping the sealed cable core by using a stainless steel belt with the thickness of 0.89mm, then welding the laser tube, drawing on line and taking up the wire.
4) Preparing a sheath 1: extruding a uniform Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene (FEP) sheath outside the metal tube by an extruder, wherein the cross-sectional outer dimension of the sheath is 10mm x 10mm square, and preparing the sealed type oil well optical cable.
The actual sealing performance effect of the sealed oil well optical cable is verified through tests. The test method is as follows: taking a finished cable sample of 10m, sealing the optical unit at one end of the cable, connecting the optical unit to a water immersion pressure tester, placing the other end of the cable on packing paper, maintaining the water pressure in the water immersion pressure tester constant, and observing whether water flows out of the packing paper after a period of time. The test result shows that: and (3) maintaining the pressure for 24h under the pressure of 150MPa, enabling no water to flow out from the paper padding end, enabling the slippage distance of the cable core to be not more than 5mm, and enabling the sample to have good sealing performance.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that the sealed cable core is prepared: the optical unit 5, the stainless steel wire 4 and the polytetrafluoroethylene filling rope are placed on a pay-off rack, the polytetrafluoroethylene filling rope is placed in a gap between the steel wires and is drawn by a tractor to enter a cage stranding machine for stranding, the stranding pitch is not more than 150mm, the optical unit 5 is placed on the outer layer and is tightly stranded without gaps and strands scattering to form a cable core, the filling rope is arranged between the steel wire 4 and the steel wire 4 or between the steel wire 4 and the optical unit 5 inside the cable core, and the polytetrafluoroethylene wrapping tape 3 is tightly wrapped outside the cable core to form a sealed cable core. The actual sealing performance effect of the sealed oil well optical cable is verified through tests. The test method is as follows: taking a finished cable sample of 10m, sealing the optical unit at one end of the cable, connecting the optical unit to a water immersion pressure tester, placing the other end of the cable on packing paper, maintaining the water pressure in the water immersion pressure tester constant, and observing whether water flows out of the packing paper after a period of time. The test result shows that: and (3) maintaining the pressure for 24h under the pressure of 150MPa, enabling no water to flow out from the paper padding end, enabling the slippage distance of the cable core to be not more than 5mm, and enabling the sample to have good sealing performance.
Example 3
The difference from the embodiment 1 is that 6 stainless steel wires 4 and one optical unit 5 are twisted into a cable, the optical unit 5 is arranged at the center, and a polytetrafluoroethylene wrapping tape is tightly wrapped outside the optical unit at the center and the twisted cable core.
The actual sealing performance effect of the sealed oil well optical cable is verified through tests. The test method is as follows: taking a finished cable sample of 10m, sealing the optical unit at one end of the cable, connecting the optical unit to a water immersion pressure tester, placing the other end of the cable on packing paper, maintaining the water pressure in the water immersion pressure tester constant, and observing whether water flows out of the packing paper after a period of time. The test result shows that: and (3) maintaining the pressure for 24h under the pressure of 150MPa, enabling no water to flow out from the paper padding end, enabling the slippage distance of the cable core to be not more than 5mm, and enabling the sample to have good sealing performance.
Example 4
The difference from example 1 is that the sealed cable core is prepared: the optical unit 5, the stainless steel wires 4 and the polytetrafluoroethylene filling ropes are placed on a pay-off rack, the polytetrafluoroethylene filling ropes are placed in gaps among the steel wires and are drawn by a tractor to enter a cage stranding machine for stranding, the stranding pitch does not exceed 150mm, the optical unit 5 is placed in the center and is tightly stranded without gaps and strands scattering to form a cable core, the filling ropes are arranged between the steel wires 4 and the steel wires 4 or between the steel wires 4 and the optical unit 5 inside the cable core, and the polytetrafluoroethylene wrapping tape 3 is tightly wrapped outside the cable core to form a sealed cable core. The actual sealing performance effect of the sealed oil well optical cable is verified through tests. The test method is as follows: taking a finished cable sample of 10m, sealing the optical unit at one end of the cable, connecting the optical unit to a water immersion pressure tester, placing the other end of the cable on packing paper, maintaining the water pressure in the water immersion pressure tester constant, and observing whether water flows out of the packing paper after a period of time. The test result shows that: and (3) maintaining the pressure for 24h under the pressure of 150MPa, enabling no water to flow out from the paper padding end, enabling the slippage distance of the cable core to be not more than 5mm, and enabling the sample to have good sealing performance.
Example 5
The difference from the embodiment 1 is that the outer layer steel pipe 2 is not provided with the outer sheath 1.
The actual sealing performance effect of the sealed oil well optical cable is verified through tests. The test method is as follows: taking a finished cable sample of 10m, sealing an optical unit at one end of the cable, connecting the optical unit with a water immersion pressure tester, placing the other end of the cable on packing paper, maintaining the constant water pressure in the water immersion pressure tester, and observing whether water flows out of the packing paper after a period of time. The test result shows that: and (3) maintaining the pressure for 24h under the pressure of 150MPa, enabling no water to flow out from the paper padding end, enabling the slippage distance of the cable core to be not more than 5mm, and enabling the sample to have good sealing performance.
Example 6
The difference from example 1 is that: preparing a sealed cable core, placing an optical unit and a stainless steel wire 4 on a pay-off rack, drawing the optical unit and the stainless steel wire 4 by a tractor to enter a cage stranding machine for stranding, wherein the stranding is carried out according to a certain pitch, the optical unit is placed on the outer layer, the stranding is tight, no gap or strand scattering exists, the cable core is formed, a polytetrafluoroethylene wrapping tape 3 is tightly wrapped outside the cable core, and the thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene on the outer layer is 0.15mm, so that the sealed cable core is formed.
The actual sealing performance effect of the sealed oil well optical cable is verified through tests. The test method is as follows: taking a finished cable sample of 10m, sealing the optical unit at one end of the cable, connecting the optical unit to a water immersion pressure tester, placing the other end of the cable on packing paper, maintaining the water pressure in the water immersion pressure tester constant, and observing whether water flows out of the packing paper after a period of time. The test result shows that: and (3) maintaining the pressure for 24h under the pressure of 20MPa, enabling no water to flow out from the paper padding end, enabling the slippage distance of the cable core to be not more than 5mm, and enabling the sample to have good sealing performance. After further pressure increase, water seeps out from the end of the paper pad.
Example 7
The difference from the example 1 is that 2) the preparation of the sealed cable core: the optical units 5 and the stainless steel wires 4 are placed on a pay-off rack, a layer of 0.25mm polytetrafluoroethylene wrapping tape 3 is wrapped on the outer layer of each steel wire 4 and each optical unit 5, the steel wires are drawn by a tractor to enter a cage strander to be stranded, the stranding is carried out according to a certain pitch, the optical units are placed on the outer layer, the stranding is tight, no gap exists, strands are scattered, and the sealed cable core is formed.
The actual sealing performance effect of the sealed oil well optical cable is verified through tests. The test method is as follows: taking a finished cable sample of 10m, sealing the optical unit at one end of the cable, connecting the optical unit to a water immersion pressure tester, placing the other end of the cable on packing paper, maintaining the water pressure in the water immersion pressure tester constant, and observing whether water flows out of the packing paper after a period of time. The test result shows that: and (3) maintaining the pressure for 24h under the pressure of 100MPa, enabling no water to flow out from the paper padding end, enabling the slippage distance of the cable core to be not more than 5mm, and enabling the sample to have good sealing performance. After further increasing the pressure, water seeps out from the end of the backing paper in a period of time.
Example 8
The difference from example 1 is that: and (3) preparing a sealing cable core, wherein the thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene wrapped outside the central steel wire 4 is 0.05 mm.
The actual sealing performance effect of the sealed oil well optical cable is verified through tests. The test method is as follows: taking a finished cable sample of 10m, sealing the optical unit at one end of the cable, connecting the optical unit to a water immersion pressure tester, placing the other end of the cable on packing paper, maintaining the water pressure in the water immersion pressure tester constant, and observing whether water flows out of the packing paper after a period of time. The test result shows that: and (3) maintaining the pressure for 24h under the pressure of 80MPa, enabling no water to flow out from the paper padding end, enabling the slippage distance of the cable core to be not more than 5mm, and enabling the sample to have good sealing performance. After the pressure is further increased, water flows out from the paper padding end.
Example 9
The difference from example 1 is that: preparing a sealed cable core, wherein the thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene on the outer layer is 0.1 mm.
The actual sealing performance effect of the sealed oil well optical cable is verified through tests. The test method is as follows: taking a finished cable sample of 10m, sealing the optical unit at one end of the cable, connecting the optical unit to a water immersion pressure tester, placing the other end of the cable on packing paper, maintaining the water pressure in the water immersion pressure tester constant, and observing whether water flows out of the packing paper after a period of time. The test result shows that: and (3) maintaining the pressure for 24h under the pressure of 80MPa, enabling no water to flow out from the paper padding end, enabling the slippage distance of the cable core to be not more than 5mm, and enabling the sample to have good sealing performance. After the pressure is further increased, water flows out from the paper padding end.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that: the sheath steel pipe is not provided with a sealing filling material.
The actual sealing performance effect of the non-sealing type oil well optical cable is verified through tests. The test method is as follows: taking a finished cable sample of 10m, connecting one end of the cable to a water immersion pressure tester, placing the other end of the cable on packing paper, maintaining the water pressure in the water immersion pressure tester constant, and observing whether water flows out of the packing paper after a period of time. The test result shows that: under the pressure of 5MPa, the pressure in the testing machine is obviously reduced, water flows out from the paper packing end, and the sample does not have the sealing performance.
From the above description, it can be seen that the core of the oil well optical cable is in a filled and sealed state by filling the sealing filler material into the sheath steel tube of the oil well optical cable, so that the core of the oil well optical cable can be prevented from entering the cable core by corrosive gas and liquid in the well in a high-temperature and high-pressure underground environment, even if the cable sheath steel tube has defects, corrosive or toxic substances can be prevented from directly contacting the optical unit or leaking into the external environment through gaps, thereby avoiding corrosion to the optical unit and environmental pollution or personal safety hazard, and the optical cable is suitable for operations of logging, perforating, coring and the like of various oil and gas wells, and occasions of geological exploration, geothermal logging, river water conservancy measurement and the like.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The sealed oil well optical cable comprises a sheath steel pipe, and an optical unit and a steel wire which are positioned in the sheath steel pipe, and is characterized in that a gap between the sheath steel pipe and the steel wire and between the sheath steel pipe and the optical unit is filled with a sealing filling material.
2. The sealed type oil well cable according to claim 1, wherein the sealing filler material is polytetrafluoroethylene, preferably in a wrapped, filled rope or longitudinally wrapped manner, filled in the gap in the sheath steel tube,
more preferably, the steel wires and the optical units are twisted to form a cable-shaped structure, the number of the steel wires is multiple, preferably, part of the polytetrafluoroethylene wraps the steel wires or the optical units at the central position, and preferably, the thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene wrapping the steel wires or the optical units at the central position is 0.05-0.25 mm;
further preferably, the polytetrafluoroethylene is wrapped on the outer layer of the cable-like structure, and the thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene wrapped on the outer layer of the cable-like structure is preferably 0.1-0.5 mm.
3. The sealed type oil well cable according to claim 2, wherein the optical unit comprises at least one optical fiber, the optical fiber comprises a fiber core, a cladding and a coating layer, the coating layer is preferably made of a high temperature resistant material, and the coating layer is further preferably a temperature resistant acrylic coating, a polyimide coating or a metal coating; it is further preferred that there is a carbon-coated coating between the cladding and the coating layer.
4. The hermetically sealed oil well cable of claim 3, wherein the optical unit comprises an optical fiber protection tube, the optical fiber being disposed within a lumen of the optical fiber protection tube, preferably the optical fiber protection tube is a stainless steel tube, more preferably the optical fiber protection tube is a longitudinally welded stainless steel tube.
5. The sealed type oil well cable according to claim 4, wherein the optical fiber protective tube includes a filler, preferably the filler is a hydrogen-absorbing fiber paste.
6. The hermetically sealed oil well cable of claim 4, wherein the steel wire is helically stranded with the optical unit, the optical unit being disposed at an outer layer.
7. The sealed-type oil well cable according to claim 1, wherein the sheath steel pipe is a stainless steel pipe, preferably the sheath steel pipe is a longitudinally welded stainless steel pipe.
8. The sealed oil well cable according to claim 1, wherein a sheath is disposed outside the sheath steel tube, preferably the material of the sheath is one or more selected from the group consisting of fluorinated ethylene propylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyetheretherketone, polypropylene and nylon, and more preferably the sheath is an extruded sheath or a wrapped sheath.
9. The hermetically sealed oil well cable of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the steel wires are stranded galvanized steel wires or stainless steel wires or alloy-coated steel wires.
10. The sealed type oil well optical cable according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the optical fiber is any one or more of a single mode optical fiber, a multi-core single mode optical fiber, a few-mode optical fiber, a grating optical fiber, and a micro-structured optical fiber.
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| CN202210406245.9A CN114859487A (en) | 2022-04-18 | 2022-04-18 | Sealed oil well optical cable |
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| US20090046983A1 (en) * | 2007-06-08 | 2009-02-19 | Joseph Varkey | Enhanced Fiber Optic Seismic Land Cable |
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