CN114855456A - Technological treatment method for coating thermoplastic elastomer on surface of basalt fiber cloth - Google Patents
Technological treatment method for coating thermoplastic elastomer on surface of basalt fiber cloth Download PDFInfo
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- CN114855456A CN114855456A CN202210640659.8A CN202210640659A CN114855456A CN 114855456 A CN114855456 A CN 114855456A CN 202210640659 A CN202210640659 A CN 202210640659A CN 114855456 A CN114855456 A CN 114855456A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/507—Polyesters
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/564—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/45—Shrinking resistance, anti-felting properties
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process treatment method for coating thermoplastic elastomer on the surface of basalt fiber cloth, wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is dissolved in carbon tetrachloride solvent to form carbon tetrachloride solution of the thermoplastic elastomer with certain concentration, the basalt fiber cloth is soaked in the carbon tetrachloride solution containing the thermoplastic elastomer, a carbon tetrachloride recovery channel with certain length and width is input under the condition of continuous motion, and the thermoplastic elastomer is adhered in the basalt fiber to finish the coating treatment of the basalt fiber cloth. The basalt fiber cloth is particularly suitable for being used as a fireproof protective layer of a lithium battery shell, a surface layer of a heat insulating layer of a garbage incinerator, a surface layer of a heat insulating layer of a steel-making furnace and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of treatment and application of special inorganic fibers, and particularly relates to a process treatment method for coating a thermoplastic elastomer on the surface of basalt fiber cloth.
Background
The high-performance basalt has excellent chemical resistance and thermal stability at high temperature, and has flame retardance, insulation, radiation resistance and good mechanical properties. In order to expand the range of applications of the material, researchers in various countries have been searching for new methods for using the material in a fiberized form.
The basalt fiber is a novel high-performance micron-sized inorganic silicate fiber, and the diameter of the basalt fiber is 7-21 mu m. The natural basalt ore is the only production raw material of basalt fiber, does not cause any damage to human body, can be molded without adding any auxiliary agent in the production process, and does not produce waste water and waste gas (especially does not look like glass) in the production and preparation processThe same as glass fiber, B is discharged in the production process 2 O 3 ) And solid waste, and the production process is clean and pollution-free. After abandonment, the waste treatment fiber can not cause harm to organisms, thereby avoiding the difficult problem of waste disposal and being praised as '21 century novel green environmental protection fiber'.
Compared with CF and glass fibers, the basalt fibers have the characteristics of excellent mechanical strength, higher working temperature (the long-term use temperature is within 650 ℃), good chemical stability, good insulativity and the like, and are widely applied to the military and civil fields of aerospace, civil engineering, chemical engineering, medicine, environmental protection and the like.
As the basalt fiber has excellent mechanical properties, the basalt fiber becomes a hot reinforcing material in concrete and is widely applied to road construction of buildings and expressways, and the result shows that when the oilstone ratio of the mixture is 6 wt.%, the doping amount of the lignin fiber is 1 wt.% and the doping amount of the basalt fiber is 2.5 wt.%, all the properties of the expressways meet the standard requirements.
The fatigue resistance, the high-temperature rutting resistance and the aging resistance of the asphalt material are improved by the doping of the basalt fibers. Basalt fibers and nano-silica are doped into the recycled aggregate concrete so as to achieve the purpose of improving the performance of the recycled aggregate concrete. The results show that the addition of the basalt fibers and the nano-silica improves the density, the compressive strength, the splitting tensile strength and the deformation resistance strength of the recycled aggregate concrete, and enlarges the application range of the recycled aggregate concrete engineering, thereby changing waste into valuable.
Because the basalt fiber has good thermal stability, flame retardance and heat dissipation performance, the reinforced composite material also has thermal stability, flame retardance and heat dissipation performance, and can be made into various functional materials, such as: adding basalt fiber and TiO 2 The heat resistance of the coal ash-based polymer ceramic tile is improved; addition of 0.5wt.% TiO 2 And 0.5wt.% basalt fiber, the tile has the best thermal insulation performance and the highest compressive strength (33.10 MPa). The basalt fiber and the nano clay are doped, so that the mechanical property and the thermal stability of the quaternary epoxy resin polymer concrete are improved. AddingAfter 2wt.% of basalt fibers, the thermal stability and mechanical strength of the concrete are significantly improved.
Because the basalt fiber has excellent corrosion resistance, the basalt fiber composite material is widely applied to shells of yachts and ship decks, even offshore oil platforms and the like, and after the aging effect of the basalt fiber epoxy resin composite material in natural seawater at different temperatures is researched, the result shows that the mechanical property loss of the basalt fiber epoxy resin composite material aged by soaking seawater is very similar to the mechanical loss strength of E-glass fiber-epoxy resin composite materials which are applied more in the current ocean field, and the basalt fiber composite material can have a larger application prospect in the ocean field.
Because of good chemical stability, no toxicity and harmlessness, the basalt fiber also becomes a hot novel material for replacing the traditional biomedical reinforced material. The basalt fiber is integrated into a biopolymer and processed into a three-dimensional scaffold for hard tissue repair (such as bone defect repair, oral skeleton and other biomedical fields). The basalt fiber is introduced into the poly (L-lactic acid) matrix, the basalt fiber/PLLA composite material is used as a reinforcing material for hard tissue repair, the basalt fiber can be uniformly dispersed in the PLLA matrix, the mechanical property and the hydrophilicity of the PLLA matrix are obviously improved, osteoblasts grow well on the composite material, the repair of the osteoblasts is not influenced by the existence of the basalt fiber, and the basalt fiber has a wide application prospect in the repair of hard tissues of biomedicine.
The basalt fiber is a potential catalyst carrier material due to the advantages of good chemical stability, high mechanical strength, large specific surface area and the like. Successfully converting anatase type TiO by microwave hydrothermal method 2 The particles are adhered to the surface of the basalt fiber to prepare the basalt fiber/TiO 2 The material is found to be basalt fiber/TiO through degradation experiments 2 Has photocatalytic activity. The degradation rate of RhB after 5h can reach 94%. Blast furnace basalt fiber/TiO 2 Has good recovery capability, and the basalt fiber/TiO fiber subjected to the fifth cycle test 2 The photocatalytic degradation rate of the catalyst is still maintained at 86%.
Activated alumina is adhered to the surface of the basalt fiber felt by a sol-gel method to prepare the alumina/basalt fiber felt composite material, and the alumina/basalt fiber felt composite material is used for an adsorption material for removing fluoride in sewage. The ABMFC has good removal effect on fluoride in the aqueous solution, and the removal rate of the fluoride can reach 98.7% within 30 min.
The basalt fiber has the advantages of environmental protection, good chemical stability, high mechanical strength, large specific surface area and the like, and can be widely used in the field of water treatment. The basalt fiber carrier has better microorganism adhesion performance. When the dissolved oxygen in the reactor is controlled to be 4-6 mg/L, the removal rate of COD can reach 90%.
The basalt fiber carrier is used for a biological contact oxidation wastewater treatment system in a rotational flow aeration mode, and when the hydraulic retention time is 20 hours, the removal rate of COD can be stabilized to be more than 75%. The basalt fiber is woven into an umbrella shape and filled into a biological contact oxidation pond, the feasibility of constructing a biological nest by using the basalt fiber as a biomembrane carrier to treat sewage/wastewater is discussed, and the basalt fiber carrier can enrich a large amount of activated sludge and form a spherical-like microorganism aggregate (called as the biological nest). When the COD, N and P in the input water are 100:5:1, the removal rate of the total nitrogen in the reactor is as high as 82.07 percent.
The basalt fiber filling can be used as a carrier in a biological contact oxidation pond, the process is used for treating domestic sewage, the horizontal interval between basalt fibers is 20cm, and after 12 hours of treatment, the removal rates of COD, ammonia nitrogen and TN can respectively reach 88.4%, 83.3% and 64.7%. The basalt fiber has good development prospect in the field of biomembrane carriers for sewage/wastewater treatment.
The surface properties of basalt fibers affect not only the initial adhesion of microorganisms, but also subsequent biomass aggregation, microbial activity and sewage/wastewater treatment efficiency. Basalt fiber has been widely used in the fields of civil construction, transportation, and oceans, etc., as described above, in view of the characteristics of an ideal carrier, such as green environmental protection, large specific surface area, and high mechanical strength, however, basalt fiber manufactured by a common process technology is affected by surface roughness, hydrophilicity, and surface electronegativity, and the attachment ability of microorganisms to the surface thereof is reduced, and thus, appropriate surface treatment of basalt fiber is required to improve the adhesion of microorganisms.
The surface modification technology of the basalt fiber mainly comprises acid-base etching modification, coupling agent grafting modification, surface coating modification, chemical plating/electroplating surface modification, plasma etching modification and the like. The method is characterized in that 2M HCl solution is adopted to carry out acid etching treatment on basalt fibers, and the influence of the acid etching treatment on the performance of the basalt fibers is investigated through the strength change and the mass loss rate of the basalt fibers before and after etching. The result shows that the monofilament tensile strength of the basalt fiber after acid etching firstly declines and then tends to be stable, the mass loss ratio firstly increases and tends to be stable, the acid etching can not cause destructive damage to the structure of the basalt fiber, the roughness of the basalt fiber can be obviously improved, and the method is a surface modification method which can be popularized and used.
The basalt fiber is subjected to graft modification by adopting a silane coupling agent (KH-550) so as to improve the surface roughness and the surface activity of the basalt fiber and enhance the cohesiveness between the basalt fiber and a composite material interface. The modified basalt fiber is used as a non-asbestos sealing gasket, and the influence of the modifier on the physical performance of the gasket is inspected through testing and representing the performances of tensile strength and the like of the modified basalt fiber gasket. The result shows that the surface roughness of the basalt fiber modified by KH-550 is increased, the bonding between the basalt fiber and latex is promoted, the stretching degree of the modified basalt fiber gasket is obviously enhanced, and the performance requirement of the gasket is met.
By using nano SiO 2 The epoxy resin coating is used for coating and modifying the basalt fiber, and the micro appearance and the tensile strength of the basalt fiber before and after modification are characterized and analyzed. The results show that the coating modification technology is an effective means for improving the mechanical property of the basalt fiber, and the nano SiO is 2 The surface roughness of the modified basalt fiber is increased by modifying the epoxy resin coatingTensile strength.
The method is characterized in that nickel (Ni) is uniformly coated on the surface of basalt fiber by adopting a low-temperature chemical plating method, and the wurtzite fiber/N composite material taking the basalt fiber as a core and Ni as a shell is synthesized. The result shows that compared with the unmodified basalt fiber, the microwave absorption performance of the basalt fiber/Ni composite material in the X wave band is improved, and the surface conductivity and the dielectric constant of the basalt fiber/Ni are improved by the nickel shell. The surface of the basalt fiber is modified by adopting plasma etching, and the chemical durability, surface active groups, surface roughness and the like of the basalt fiber before and after modification are characterized and analyzed. The results show that the surface of the basalt fiber is increased with-NH 2 And polar groups such as-OH. With the introduction of polar groups, the chemical stability and the surface roughness of the modified basalt fiber are obviously improved, the surface activity of the basalt fiber is improved, and the strength of the fiber is reduced.
Most of the existing surface modification technologies of basalt fibers are aimed at improving the mechanical properties of the basalt fibers and enhancing the interface action between the basalt fibers and a composite material. The research on the surface modification technology of the basalt fiber carrier for sewage/wastewater treatment is still in the primary stage at present, and mainly focuses on the modification of a coupling agent, the modification of physical coating, the modification of acid etching and the like.
The basalt fiber cleaned by the cleaning agent is subjected to ultrasonic soaking in KH-550 and modified by a cationic reagent solution, so that the attachment of microorganisms on the surface of the modified basalt fiber is promoted. The results show that the surface roughness of the M basalt fiber obtained by the modification of the two methods and the content of N and O elements on the surface of the fiber are increased to different degrees. But the surface filming speed of the M basalt fiber prepared by the modification treatment of the cationic reagent is higher, and the biocompatibility is better.
By ethyl acetate-nano SiO 2 The dispersion liquid is used for carrying out surface modification treatment on the basalt fibers so as to enhance the biocompatibility of the basalt fibers and promote the attachment of microorganisms. The results show that the surface roughness and the specific surface area of the modified basalt fiber are increased, and the biomass of the microorganisms attached to the surface of the modified basalt fiber is increased compared with the biomass of the surface of the unmodified basalt fiber21.39 percent. The modified basalt fiber is prepared by adopting a physical coating method and taking 3 different surfactants (hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, lauryl sodium sulfate and Tween-80) as dispersing agents, and is sequentially named as M basalt fiber-C, M basalt fiber-S and M basalt fiber-T. The results show that the dispersing performance of the 3 modified basalt fibers is improved to different degrees. Compared with basalt fiber (133.57 degrees), the water contact angles of the M basalt fiber-C, M basalt fiber-S and the M basalt fiber-T are respectively reduced to 62.52 degrees, 67.48 degrees and 74.24 degrees. This shows that the hydrophilicity of the 3 modified basalt fibers is significantly improved. Meanwhile, the result shows that the amount of microorganisms attached to the surface of the M basalt fiber-C carrier is also obviously increased. Compared with a basalt fiber carrier, the film forming rate is increased to 256.25 percent. The basalt fiber is soaked in hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solution (the concentration is 1 mol/L) by adopting an acid-base etching method to prepare the modified basalt fiber, and the change of the surface roughness of the basalt fiber before and after modification is inspected. The result shows that the surface roughness of the basalt fiber after the acid-base etching is obviously increased, and especially obvious pits appear on the surface of the basalt fiber after the acid-base etching. The contact area of the microorganism and the modified basalt fiber carrier is obviously increased, and the biocompatibility of the modified basalt fiber carrier is improved. Physical and chemical properties of a modified basalt fiber have been reported. The result shows that the surface of the modified basalt fiber carrier is rough, contains certain hydrophilic groups, has a water contact angle of 60.52 degrees and is superior to the conventional elastic filler.
Although the surface modification technology aiming at the basalt fiber carrier for sewage/wastewater treatment is less, many researches show that the surface dielectric property or the functional group structure of the biological membrane carrier can be improved by modification means such as plasma etching grafting, chemical grafting, a polymer extrusion blending method, a liquid phase deposition method and the like so as to achieve the purposes of promoting the adhesion of bacteria on the surface of the biological membrane carrier and the growth and development of a later-stage biological membrane. The development of the surface modification technology of the traditional biological membrane carrier provides a theoretical reference.
At present, when global economy faces development environments with increasingly intensified resources, energy, environmental protection and sustainable development, the strategic emerging industry of firstly developing continuous basalt fibers has a particularly important strategic significance. However, as the new material of the continuous basalt fiber is in a development starting stage, the continuous basalt fiber production method faces a plurality of bottlenecks which restrict the rapid development of the continuous basalt fiber industry, such as large product performance discreteness, poor stability, small yield scale, high production cost, backward production equipment and the like; on the other hand, the development of high-performance fiber composite materials has made it urgent to improve the performance of continuous basalt fibers, and in particular, to expect stable and high-strength continuous basalt fibers. The research on the stabilization and high strength of the continuous basalt fiber can provide theoretical technical support for promoting the development of the stabilization and high performance of the continuous basalt.
Based on continuous basalt fibers (twistless roving, woven yarn, chopped yarn, etc.), various fiber products such as fiber cloth, fiber felt, fiber rope, etc. can be made. The continuous basalt fiber and the product thereof can be used as reinforcement to prepare various composite materials (composite bars, composite plates, composite profiles, composite grids, composite cables, prepreg and the like) with excellent performance. The continuous basalt fiber product and the composite material thereof can be widely applied to the fields of civil engineering traffic, energy environment, automobiles, ships, petrochemical industry, aerospace, weaponry and the like.
The continuous basalt fiber chopped yarns are used for reinforcing asphalt concrete instead of polyester fibers, lignin fibers and the like, can greatly improve the elastic deformation recovery capability of the asphalt concrete, reduce the generation of permanent plastic deformation and cracks, and are widely used for expressways, special lanes for heavy vehicles and stop stations; airport runways; taxiways, high-bearing, high-impact roads; elevated roads and bridges. The product can replace polypropylene (PP) and Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) to reinforce cement concrete, and can greatly prolong the service life of cement concrete products. Especially for buildings, bridges, highways and parking lots which are directly exposed in coastal areas susceptible to seawater and sea wind, the continuous basalt fiber reinforced cement concrete can better reflect the characteristic of being superior to steel bars.
The continuous basalt fiber composite rib (BFRP rib) has the advantages of light weight, high tensile strength, strong corrosion resistance, strong material bonding force, strong magnetic wave transmission performance and the like, and is widely applied to seismic tables, highways, salt lakes, seaside water and soil engineering buildings, antimagnetic engineering and certain special military engineering.
The continuous basalt fiber high-strength cable has excellent performances of light weight, high strength, fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance, low creep rate, ultrahigh strength, durability and the like, and can replace a steel cable in a long-span bridge structure to realize larger span, lighter weight and longer service life. The steel-continuous basalt fiber composite bar has the characteristics of secondary rigidity after yielding, small residual deformation and recoverability, and is an ideal material for realizing a high-performance anti-seismic structure. The continuous basalt fiber mesh has the advantages of being light and thin in material, strong in integrity, good in durability, non-magnetic, remarkable in reinforcing effect and the like, can be used for reinforcing newly-built or built structures, and is widely used for repairing and reinforcing tunnels, bridge structures and concrete bidirectional plates; the reinforcement and the reinforcement of underwater structures such as oceans, ports, wharfs and the like, engineering such as hospital floor slabs, scientific research laboratories, observation stations and the like.
The continuous basalt fiber has the advantages of non-inflammability, high temperature resistance, no toxic gas discharge, no melting or dripping, and is used for high-temperature smoke filtration, fire-resistant fabric of firefighter uniform, fire-proof roller shutter, supercooling protective clothing and the like. The continuous basalt fiber is applied to water purification, and is applied to purification of natural water, municipal sewage, industrial wastewater of factories, organic wastewater of livestock, domestic drainage, kitchen drainage and other water. The continuous basalt fiber composite cable core has the advantages of light weight, high strength, high temperature resistance, low line loss, small sag and the like, and can realize power transmission capacity increase in existing tower equipment when being used in a high-voltage transmission cable. The continuous basalt fiber composite material can also be used for manufacturing large wind power blades for wind power generation.
In chinese patent application No: 201010567001.6 discloses a polyester basalt fiber cloth and its preparation method, which provides a high-quality new geotechnical material with waterproof and reinforcement functions for road surface construction and maintenance engineering, can effectively prevent and treat road surface diseases such as road surface cracks and road surface water damage, and can be used for slope protection and soft foundation reinforcement treatment, and the patent does not disclose the surface treatment technology of basalt fiber.
In chinese patent application No: 201010148729.5, the invention solves the problems that Kevlar and Nextel which are used in the existing N/K filling Whipple protection structure are difficult to buy and high in cost, and the impact damage resistance and the protection performance of the materials involved in the thesis of the ultrahigh-speed impact damage analysis of the basalt fiber cloth Whipple protection structure are poor. The method comprises the steps of firstly, spraying glue on basalt fiber cloth, and then drying; secondly, the dried basalt fiber is arranged in a Whipple protective structure, and the patent does not introduce the surface treatment technology of the basalt fiber.
In chinese patent application No: 201810951174.4 discloses a novel environment-friendly fireproof basalt fiber cloth, which is woven by using zirconium dioxide modified basalt composite fibers. The novel environment-friendly fire-resistant basalt fiber woven cloth is prepared by utilizing the basalt fiber with the surface modified by the zirconia, the material has the performances of corrosion resistance, insulativity and the like of the basalt fiber, and has the ultrahigh high temperature resistance of the zirconia fiber, the maximum use temperature can reach 1820 ℃ and the long-term use temperature can reach 1400 ℃ after the surface modification of the tungsten modified zirconia, the use temperature is greatly improved compared with the use temperature of 600 ℃ of the conventional basalt fiber, and the acid-base corrosion resistance of the material is also greatly improved.
In chinese patent application No: 201710333278.4A basalt fiber cloth and its manufacturing process is introduced, the basalt fiber cloth comprises basalt fiber cloth body, fine nylon rope, and steel bar, the basalt fiber cloth body comprises basalt fiber cloth body, fine nylon rope, and steel bar, two strands of fine nylon ropes are wound and screwed, the central point of the basalt fiber cloth body is fixed on it, and then wound and fixed on the steel bar; the production process of basalt fiber cloth includes the steps of leading yarn from a creel into a rapier machine through guide rollers, weaving warp and weft into the rapier machine, heating hot melt wire through a heating roller to adhere the basalt fiber cloth body, winding and screwing two strands of thin nylon ropes, fixing the central point of the basalt fiber cloth body on the basalt fiber cloth body, winding and fixing the basalt fiber cloth body on reinforcing steel bars to obtain a basalt fiber cloth body, and finally performing coating operation on the basalt fiber cloth body. The patent uses a conventional adhesive to coat the basalt fiber cloth on the body.
In view of the technical defects, the invention aims to research a process method for coating thermoplastic elastomer on the surface of basalt fiber cloth, and solve the problems of the basalt fiber cloth at higher temperature, such as: the mechanical property of the basalt fiber cloth is reduced, the high temperature resistance of the fiber is improved, the basalt fiber cloth can be kept in an environment with the temperature of 200-265 ℃ in a longer time (more than 200 hours, even longer time), the mechanical property of the basalt fiber cloth is basically kept unchanged, and meanwhile, the basalt fiber cloth also needs to keep good flexibility and is convenient to apply.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention adopts high temperature resistant elastomer thermoplastic resin to carry out dissolving, curing and solvent recovery, and mainly aims to prevent frizzle and size reduction of basalt fiber during application, improve the utilization rate of basalt fiber cloth, and improve the adhesion of the basalt fiber cloth and other solid materials after surface treatment.
The object of the present invention is achieved by the following means.
The invention discloses a process treatment method for coating thermoplastic elastomer on the surface of basalt fiber cloth, wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is dissolved in carbon tetrachloride solvent to form carbon tetrachloride solution of the thermoplastic elastomer with certain concentration, the basalt fiber cloth is soaked in the carbon tetrachloride solution containing the thermoplastic elastomer, a carbon tetrachloride recovery channel with certain length and width is input under the condition of continuous motion, and the thermoplastic elastomer is adhered in the basalt fiber to finish the coating treatment of the basalt fiber cloth. The specific process comprises the following steps:
adding a polyester elastomer or a polysiloxane elastomer or a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer into a 100L dissolving kettle containing a carbon tetrachloride solvent, raising the temperature of the dissolving kettle to 70-80 ℃, dissolving the thermoplastic elastomer under the condition of refluxing for 10-30 min to form a carbon tetrachloride solution containing 3-6 wt% of the thermoplastic elastomer, and then cooling the temperature of the dissolving kettle to the normal temperature.
Inputting basalt fiber cloth into a carbon tetrachloride recovery shaft with the temperature of 80-100 ℃ from the left side of a carbon tetrachloride solution container filled with the thermoplastic elastomer obtained by the process procedures, and arranging 6-8 air extraction holes with the length of 30-40 cm above the shaft; and (3) cooling carbon tetrachloride steam, recycling, outputting from the right side of the container at the speed of 0.1-0.8 m/min, directly inputting into a carbon tetrachloride recovery channel heated by steam, removing carbon tetrachloride from the basalt fiber cloth, outputting from an outlet of the channel, and winding into a basalt fiber cloth roll.
The invention adopts a dipping or wet-spraying method to enable substances capable of forming films to form polyester elastomer, polysiloxane elastomer and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer films, and then carries out heat treatment on basalt fiber cloth to recover carbon tetrachloride solvent.
In the process of the invention, closed impregnation and heat treatment recovery process technology is adopted according to the physical and chemical characteristics of carbon tetrachloride, the aim is to maximally recover and reuse the carbon tetrachloride while not causing environmental pollution, and meanwhile, the continuous impregnation and carbon tetrachloride recovery process is adopted, so that the labor cost can be reduced, and the labor production efficiency can be improved.
In the process of the invention, the characteristic that the boiling point of the carbon tetrachloride solvent is relatively low is fully utilized, on one hand, the energy consumption can be reduced, and on the other hand, the common condensation technology is adopted, so that the carbon tetrachloride solvent can be effectively recovered.
The invention uses polyester elastomer, polysiloxane elastomer and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer to keep the basalt fiber cloth with good flexibility, which can prevent the basalt fiber cloth from generating fringing in the using process, keep the basalt fiber cloth with good dimensional stability and keep the basalt fiber cloth with good adhesiveness with a solid section bar.
In the process of the invention, in order to dissolve the polyester elastomer, the polysiloxane elastomer and the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer in the carbon tetrachloride solvent, on one hand, the dissolution quality of the polyester elastomer, the polysiloxane elastomer and the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer in the carbon tetrachloride solvent needs to be controlled, on the other hand, the polyester elastomer, the polysiloxane elastomer and the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer need to be prevented from being degraded at high temperature, particularly at the temperature higher than 150 ℃, for this purpose, the dissolving quality of polyester elastomer, polysiloxane elastomer and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer in carbon tetrachloride solvent is controlled, on the basis of ensuring that the basalt fiber cloth achieves the treatment effect, the treatment cost of the basalt fiber cloth can be reduced, the dissolving temperature is controlled, and the utilization rate of the polyester elastomer, the polysiloxane elastomer and the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is improved.
The detection method of the basalt fiber cloth obtained by the invention is consistent with the detection method of the common fiber cloth. The coating thickness of the surface of the basalt fiber cloth was measured using the single fiber.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow for impregnating basalt fiber cloth
FIG. 2 is a heat treatment process flow after the basalt fiber cloth is dipped
Fig. 1 shows that basalt fiber cloth is drawn into a boat-shaped groove from a front end (or left end) press roll of the boat-shaped groove, and the fiber is well impregnated in a solution by five press rolls passing through the boat-shaped groove, and then is discharged from a rear end (or right end) of the boat-shaped groove, and is conveyed to a heat treatment process by a rear end press roll.
Figure 2 shows the basalt fiber cloth after the impregnation solution being fed into the carbon tetrachloride recovery process heated by steam.
The process flow introduction of the invention is as follows:
the method comprises the steps of dissolving a thermoplastic elastomer in a carbon tetrachloride solvent to form a carbon tetrachloride solution of the thermoplastic elastomer with a certain concentration, dipping the basalt fiber cloth in the carbon tetrachloride solution containing the thermoplastic elastomer, inputting a carbon tetrachloride recovery channel with a certain length and width under the condition of continuous motion, and adhering the thermoplastic elastomer in the basalt fiber to complete the coating treatment of the basalt fiber cloth.
Detailed Description
The process of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
Adding a polyester elastomer into a 100L dissolving kettle containing a carbon tetrachloride solvent, raising the temperature of the dissolving kettle to 70 ℃, dissolving the thermoplastic elastomer under the condition of refluxing for 30min to form a carbon tetrachloride solution containing 6 wt% of the thermoplastic elastomer, and immediately cooling the temperature of the dissolving kettle to normal temperature; inputting basalt fiber cloth into a carbon tetrachloride recovery shaft with the temperature of 80 ℃ from the left side of a carbon tetrachloride solution container containing the thermoplastic elastomer obtained in the process steps, and arranging 6 extraction holes of 40cm above the shaft; the carbon tetrachloride steam is cooled, recycled and reused, is output from the right side of the container at 0.8m/min, is directly input into a carbon tetrachloride recycling shaft heated by steam, and the basalt fiber cloth is output from an outlet of the shaft after the carbon tetrachloride is removed, and is rolled into a basalt fiber cloth roll.
Example 2
Adding polysiloxane elastomer into a 100L dissolving kettle containing carbon tetrachloride solvent, heating the temperature of the dissolving kettle to 80 ℃, dissolving the thermoplastic elastomer under the condition of refluxing for 10min to form carbon tetrachloride solution containing 3 wt% of thermoplastic elastomer, and immediately cooling the temperature of the dissolving kettle to normal temperature; inputting basalt fiber cloth into a carbon tetrachloride recovery shaft with the temperature of 100 ℃ from the left side of a carbon tetrachloride solution container containing the thermoplastic elastomer obtained in the process steps, and arranging 8 air suction holes of 30cm above the shaft; the carbon tetrachloride steam is cooled, recycled and reused, and is output from the right side of the container at 0.1m/min, and is directly input into a carbon tetrachloride recycling shaft heated by water vapor, and the basalt fiber cloth is output from an outlet of the shaft after the carbon tetrachloride is removed, and is rolled into a basalt fiber cloth roll.
Example 3
Adding a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer into a 100L dissolving kettle containing a carbon tetrachloride solvent, raising the temperature of the dissolving kettle to 73 ℃, dissolving the thermoplastic elastomer under the condition of refluxing for 21min to form a carbon tetrachloride solution containing 5wt% of the thermoplastic elastomer, and immediately cooling the temperature of the dissolving kettle to the normal temperature; inputting basalt fiber cloth into a carbon tetrachloride recovery shaft at the temperature of 91 ℃ from the left side of a carbon tetrachloride solution container containing the thermoplastic elastomer obtained in the process steps, and arranging 7 air suction holes of 30cm above the shaft; the carbon tetrachloride steam is cooled, recycled and reused, and is output from the right side of the container at 0.3m/min, and is directly input into a carbon tetrachloride recycling shaft heated by water vapor, and the basalt fiber cloth is output from an outlet of the shaft after the carbon tetrachloride is removed, and is rolled into a basalt fiber cloth roll.
Comparative example 1
The surface of the basalt fiber cloth was treated by the dipping process of example 1 directly using a commercially available epoxy resin, and it was found that the basalt fiber cloth subjected to the epoxy resin surface treatment was very hard and, at the same time, the basalt fiber cloth was easily broken when being bent.
Example 4
Adding a polyester elastomer into a 100L dissolving kettle containing a carbon tetrachloride solvent, raising the temperature of the dissolving kettle to 80 ℃, dissolving the thermoplastic elastomer under the condition of refluxing for 10min to form a carbon tetrachloride solution containing 3 wt% of the thermoplastic elastomer, and immediately cooling the temperature of the dissolving kettle to the normal temperature; inputting basalt fiber cloth into a carbon tetrachloride recovery shaft with the temperature of 100 ℃ from the left side of a carbon tetrachloride solution container containing the thermoplastic elastomer obtained in the process steps, and arranging 6 air suction holes of 30cm above the shaft; the carbon tetrachloride steam is cooled, recycled and reused, and is output from the right side of the container at 0.4m/min, and is directly input into a carbon tetrachloride recycling shaft heated by water vapor, and the basalt fiber cloth is output from an outlet of the shaft after the carbon tetrachloride is removed, and is rolled into a basalt fiber cloth roll.
Example 5
Adding polysiloxane elastomer into a 100L dissolving kettle containing carbon tetrachloride solvent, heating the temperature of the dissolving kettle to 80 ℃, dissolving the thermoplastic elastomer under the condition of refluxing for 30min to form carbon tetrachloride solution containing 5wt% of thermoplastic elastomer, and immediately cooling the temperature of the dissolving kettle to normal temperature; inputting basalt fiber cloth into a carbon tetrachloride recovery shaft with the temperature of 80 ℃ from the left side of a carbon tetrachloride solution container containing the thermoplastic elastomer obtained in the process steps, and arranging 8 air suction holes of 40cm above the shaft; the carbon tetrachloride steam is cooled, recycled and reused, is output from the right side of the container at 0.8m/min, is directly input into a carbon tetrachloride recycling shaft heated by steam, and the basalt fiber cloth is output from an outlet of the shaft after the carbon tetrachloride is removed, and is rolled into a basalt fiber cloth roll.
Example 6
Adding a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer into a 100L dissolving kettle containing a carbon tetrachloride solvent, raising the temperature of the dissolving kettle to 70 ℃, dissolving the thermoplastic elastomer under the condition of refluxing for 10min to form a carbon tetrachloride solution containing 3 wt% of the thermoplastic elastomer, and immediately cooling the temperature of the dissolving kettle to the normal temperature; inputting basalt fiber cloth into a carbon tetrachloride recovery shaft with the temperature of 80 ℃ from the left side of a carbon tetrachloride solution container containing the thermoplastic elastomer obtained in the process steps, and arranging 6 extraction holes of 40cm above the shaft; the carbon tetrachloride steam is cooled, recycled and reused, and is output from the right side of the container at a speed of 0.7m/min, and is directly input into a carbon tetrachloride recycling shaft heated by water vapor, and the basalt fiber cloth is output from an outlet of the shaft after being subjected to carbon tetrachloride removal, and is wound into a basalt fiber cloth roll.
Comparative example 2
Adding polypropylene resin into a 100L dissolving kettle containing N, N '-dimethylformamide solvent, heating the temperature of the dissolving kettle to 180 ℃, dissolving the thermoplastic elastomer under the condition of refluxing for 30min to form an N, N' -dimethylformamide solution containing 6 wt% of polypropylene, and then cooling the temperature of the dissolving kettle to normal temperature; inputting the basalt fiber cloth into an N, N '-dimethylformamide solution recovery shaft with the temperature of 180 ℃ from the left side of an N, N' -dimethylformamide solution container containing the polypropylene obtained by the process procedures, and arranging 6 air extraction holes of 40cm above the shaft; the carbon tetrachloride steam is cooled and recycled, the carbon tetrachloride steam is output from the right side of the container at the speed of 0.1m/min, the carbon tetrachloride steam is directly input into an N, N '-dimethylformamide solution recovery channel heated by water vapor, and the basalt fiber cloth is output from an outlet of the channel after the N, N' -dimethylformamide solution is removed, and is rolled into a basalt fiber cloth roll.
Comparative example 3
Adding polypropylene resin into a 100L dissolving kettle containing N, N '-dimethylformamide solvent, heating the temperature of the dissolving kettle to 160 ℃, dissolving the thermoplastic elastomer under the condition of refluxing for 10min to form an N, N' -dimethylformamide solution containing 3 wt% of polypropylene, and then cooling the temperature of the dissolving kettle to normal temperature;
inputting the basalt fiber cloth into an N, N '-dimethylformamide solution recovery shaft with the temperature of 200 ℃ from the left side of an N, N' -dimethylformamide solution container containing the polypropylene obtained by the process procedures, and arranging 8 air extraction holes of 30cm above the shaft; the carbon tetrachloride steam is cooled and recycled, the carbon tetrachloride steam is output from the right side of the container at the speed of 0.8m/min, the carbon tetrachloride steam is directly input into an N, N '-dimethylformamide solution recovery channel heated by water vapor, and the basalt fiber cloth is output from an outlet of the channel after the N, N' -dimethylformamide solution is removed, and is rolled into a basalt fiber cloth roll.
The basalt fiber cloth coated with polypropylene resin was obtained by using the basalt fiber cloth of comparative example 2 and comparative example 3, and it was found that the basalt fiber cloth was deteriorated in flexibility during use, and although it was not broken, it was required to press hard for a certain time to adhere the basalt fiber cloth to a substrate, particularly a substrate having a certain shape.
Claims (3)
1. A process treatment method for coating thermoplastic elastomer on the surface of basalt fiber cloth is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of dissolving a thermoplastic elastomer in a carbon tetrachloride solvent to form a carbon tetrachloride solution of the thermoplastic elastomer with a certain concentration, dipping the basalt fiber cloth in the carbon tetrachloride solution containing the thermoplastic elastomer, inputting the solution into a carbon tetrachloride recovery channel under the condition of continuous motion, and adhering the thermoplastic elastomer to the basalt fiber to finish the coating treatment of the basalt fiber cloth, wherein the specific process comprises the following steps:
(1) adding a thermoplastic elastomer into a 100L dissolving kettle containing a carbon tetrachloride solvent, raising the temperature of the dissolving kettle to 70-80 ℃, dissolving the thermoplastic elastomer under the condition of refluxing for 10-30 min to form a carbon tetrachloride solution containing 3-6 wt% of the thermoplastic elastomer, and immediately cooling the temperature of the dissolving kettle to the normal temperature;
(2) inputting basalt fiber cloth from the left side of a container containing the thermoplastic elastomer carbon tetrachloride solution obtained in the step (1), outputting the basalt fiber cloth from the right side of the container at a speed of 0.1-0.8 m/min, directly inputting the basalt fiber cloth into a carbon tetrachloride recovery shaft heated by steam, removing carbon tetrachloride from the basalt fiber cloth, outputting the basalt fiber cloth from an outlet of the shaft, and winding the basalt fiber cloth into a basalt fiber cloth roll.
2. The treatment process method of basalt fiber cloth-coated thermoplastic elastomer according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the carbon tetrachloride recovery shaft is 80-100 ℃, and 6-8 air extraction holes of 30-40 cm are arranged above the shaft; and the carbon tetrachloride steam is cooled and then recycled.
3. The treatment process method of basalt fiber cloth-coated thermoplastic elastomer according to claim 1, wherein: the thermoplastic elastomer is one of polyester elastomer, polysiloxane elastomer and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.
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