CN114853417A - High-toughness low-carbon anti-knock cement-based composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-toughness low-carbon anti-knock cement-based composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011374 ultra-high-performance concrete Substances 0.000 description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004574 high-performance concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/08—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting
- B28B1/087—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting by means acting on the mould ; Fixation thereof to the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/52—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement
- B28B1/523—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement containing metal fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
- B28B11/245—Curing concrete articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
- B28C5/40—Mixing specially adapted for preparing mixtures containing fibres
- B28C5/402—Methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/38—Fibrous materials; Whiskers
- C04B14/48—Metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
- C04B18/082—Cenospheres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/14—Waste materials; Refuse from metallurgical processes
- C04B18/146—Silica fume
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/10—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by using foaming agents or by using mechanical means, e.g. adding preformed foam
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete materials, and particularly discloses a high-toughness low-carbon anti-explosion cement-based composite material and a preparation method thereof. The invention is made into slurry by mixing the following raw materials: after the slurry is prehydrated for 1 day, carrying out early carbonization maintenance to obtain the high-toughness low-carbon anti-knock cement-based composite material; the cementing material consists of ordinary portland cement, silicon powder and fly ash microbeads; according to the weight portion, the steel fiber accounts for 7.5-8.5% of the weight of the cementing material, and the air entraining type water reducing agent accounts for 1.5-2% of the weight of the cementing material; the water-to-glue ratio in the system is 0.18-0.20. According to the invention, the mechanical property of the cement-based composite material is improved by introducing two mineral admixtures of the fly ash microbeads and the silicon powder; the high-toughness cement-based composite material is prepared by adopting an early carbonization curing mode, and not only is CO effectively increased 2 The sealing amount is high, and the anti-explosion performance of the cement-based composite material is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete materials, in particular to a high-toughness low-carbon anti-explosion cement-based composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The concrete anti-explosion performance is one of the most key technical indexes for evaluating the application of buildings (structures) in military/civil protection engineering, and the common concrete has relatively low tensile strength and breaking strength and poor toughness, so that the special requirement on the anti-explosion performance in the protection engineering cannot be met. The energy absorption and impact resistance of the building structure is improved, and the development of high-toughness concrete materials is one of the important directions for the development of future concrete materials and building structures.
The fiber is an important technical means for toughening the concrete, and can effectively improve the tensile strength of the concrete and slow down cracking. The fibers of different types, sizes and shapes have obvious difference on the improvement effect of the concrete toughness. Through research on the influences of the volume doping amount (0.05%, 0.10% and 0.15%) and the length (8mm and 12mm) of the PVA fiber on the relative dynamic elastic modulus, the mass loss rate and the mechanical property of the concrete, the PVA fiber with the length of 8mm has the best effect of improving the frost resistance of the concrete.
Patent application 202110653451.5 discloses a high temperature burst resistant ultra-high performance concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the mechanical properties and durability of the ultra-high performance concrete are ensured by adjusting the water-cement ratio, adding silica fume and water reducing agent and limiting the particle size of aggregate to enable the ultra-high performance concrete to achieve optimized integration and higher compactness, and the strength of the ultra-high performance concrete is improved by adding mixed fibers of polypropylene fibers and steel fibers into the ultra-high performance concrete matrix, and the permeability of the ultra-high performance concrete at high temperature is synergistically improved, so that the ultra-high performance concrete does not burst after experiencing high temperature or fire.
However, the following disadvantages still exist in the existing research of the anti-knock fiber concrete material: (1) the concrete preparation method taking improvement of the impact resistance of the concrete under medium and high strain rate as a core target is seriously lacked; (2) the preparation method of the low-carbon concrete material developed aiming at the problem of high carbon emission in the traditional concrete industry is still insufficient. Therefore, the high-toughness low-carbon type anti-explosion cement-based composite material based on the sustainable development concept and the preparation method thereof are in urgent need of expansion.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-toughness low-carbon anti-knock cement-based composite material and a preparation method thereof. The cement-based composite material cured and formed by adopting the early carbonization curing mode can simultaneously improve the mechanical properties of the cement-based composite material in the early and later stages and adsorb CO 2 The method has the advantages of particularly improving the shock resistance and the explosion resistance of the concrete and providing technical support for realizing the preparation of the low-carbon high-performance concrete material and the application of the low-carbon high-performance concrete material in protection engineering.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a high-toughness low-carbon type anti-knock cement-based composite material is prepared by mixing the following raw materials to prepare slurry: cementing materials, steel fibers, an air-entraining water reducing agent and water; and after the slurry is prehydrated for 1 day, performing early carbonization maintenance to obtain the high-toughness low-carbon anti-explosion cement-based composite material.
Further, CO for the early carbonization and maintenance 2 The concentration is more than or equal to 99.99 percent, the carbonization curing pressure value is 0.3MPa +/-0.05 MPa, and the curing temperature is 25 +/-2 ℃.
The cementing material consists of ordinary portland cement, silicon powder and fly ash microbeads; according to the weight portion, the steel fiber accounts for 7.5-8.5% of the weight of the cementing material, and the air entraining type water reducing agent accounts for 1.5-2% of the weight of the cementing material; the water-to-glue ratio in the system is 0.18-0.20.
In the cementing material, silicon powder and/or fly ash microbeads can be used for replacing part of ordinary portland cement, wherein: the silica powder accounts for 0-15% of the weight of the cementing material, the fly ash microbeads account for 0-20% of the weight of the cementing material, and the ordinary portland cement accounts for 65-100% of the weight of the cementing material.
Preferably, in the cementing material, the silicon powder accounts for 15% of the weight of the cementing material, the fly ash microbeads account for 20% of the weight of the cementing material, and the ordinary portland cement accounts for 65% of the weight of the cementing material.
It should be noted that: if the water content of the air-entraining water reducer is high, the water content of the water reducer system needs to be deducted from the weight part of the water added in the system; the water-to-gel ratio refers to the ratio of the weight of water in the whole system to the weight of the cementitious material.
Further, the ordinary portland cement is P.II 52.5, and the median particle size (D50) is 11-12 μm.
Further, the silicon powder: SiO 2 2 The content is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the median particle diameter (D50) is 0.1-0.2 μm.
Further, the fly ash microbeads: SiO 2 2 The content is more than or equal to 54.0 percent, and Al 2 O 3 The content is more than or equal to 18.0 percent, the CaO content is more than or equal to 7.5 percent, and the median particle diameter (D50) is 1-2 mu m.
Further, the steel fiber is end hook-shaped, the length is 8-14mm, the length-diameter ratio is 50-100, and the tensile strength is more than or equal to 2000 Mpa; preferably, the steel fibers: the length is 14mm, the length-diameter ratio is 50-100, and the tensile strength is more than or equal to 2000 MPa.
Further, the air-entraining water reducing agent: the water reducing rate is over 30 percent.
The preparation method of the high-toughness low-carbon anti-knock cement-based composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) putting ordinary portland cement, fly ash microbeads and silicon powder into a stirrer, and stirring at a low speed for half a minute to uniformly mix dry powder;
(2) adding the air entraining water reducing agent into the weighed water, and uniformly stirring;
(3) adding the water reducing agent aqueous solution uniformly stirred in the step (2) into the stirring pot in the step (1), firstly stirring at a low speed for 1 minute, and then stirring at a medium speed for 2.5 minutes until slurry with good flowing property appears;
(4) uniformly adding the steel fibers, starting low-speed stirring for half a minute, and then stirring at medium speed for 3 minutes;
(5) filling the slurry stirred in the step (4) into a steel die, and placing the steel die on a vibration table to vibrate for 20 seconds;
(6) after the test block is maintained for 1 day with the mold, the mold is removed and the test block is placed in an early carbonization maintenance box for maintenance for 24 hours;
(7) and after the early carbonization maintenance is finished, continuing to maintain to the corresponding age.
The invention principle is as follows: in the invention, the cement-based composite material added with steel fiber is prehydrated for 1 day, then the mould is removed and the cement-based composite material is put into a carbonization curing box for early carbonization curing, and high-concentration CO in the carbonization box 2 And the calcium carbonate reacts with unhydrated cement clinker, hydration products of calcium hydroxide, hydrated calcium silicate and the like to generate calcium carbonate crystals. On one hand, the calcium carbonate crystal particles can fill the pores of the hardened slurry, and the calcium hydroxide can be partially consumed, so that the compactness of the microstructure is improved, the mechanical property is promoted to be improved, and the anti-explosion performance is improved; on the other hand, CO can be converted by the above chemical reaction 2 Fixed in the cement-based composite material, thereby achieving the purposes of low carbon and environmental protection.
The technical difficulty of the invention is that: the test block for early carbonization and maintenance is prepared by a multi-purpose compression molding method under a low water-cement ratio, and the prepared test block has poor working performance and carbon fixation performance easily influenced by adopting a pouring molding mode under a low water-cement ratio. The invention adopts the air-entraining water reducing agent, which can ensure the fluidity and can carry out air-entraining and pore-forming in the early stage to the slurry after prehydration for 1 dayCO 2 More channels are provided for internal transmission, the dual purposes of carbon fixation and anti-explosion performance improvement are achieved, and the casting forming mode is also favorable for popularization and application of the preparation method in actual protection engineering.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
(1) the high-toughness cement-based composite material is prepared by adopting an early carbonization curing mode, and the anti-explosion performance of the cement-based composite material is obviously improved.
(2) According to the invention, the mechanical property of the cement-based composite material is improved by introducing two mineral admixtures of fly ash microbeads and silicon powder and designing a material system.
(3) The preparation method adopting early carbonization curing effectively increases CO 2 The sealing amount is a preparation method of a low-carbon cement-based composite material, and lays a foundation for developing sustainable concrete materials.
(4) The preparation method of the anti-knock cement-based composite material provided by the invention has the advantages of simple pouring forming mode, convenience in construction and capability of accelerating the construction progress.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of impact results for a cementitious composite, wherein: (a) prepared for example 3 and (b) prepared for comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The raw materials and instruments used in the following examples and comparative examples are as follows:
ordinary portland cement: P.II 52.5, density 3120kg/m 3 Specific surface area of 370m 2 Kg, median particle diameter (D50) was 11.8. mu.m.
Coal ash micro-beads: SiO 2 2 The content is more than or equal to 54.0 percent, and Al 2 O 3 The content is more than or equal to 18.0 percent, the CaO content is more than or equal to 7.5 percent, and the specific surface area is 3880m 2 Kg, median particle diameter (D50) was 1.804. mu.m.
SiO in silicon powder 2 The content is more than or equal to 95 percentThe density and the specific surface area of the powder are 2203kg/m respectively 3 And 20.0m 2 In terms of a/g median particle diameter (D50) of 0.16. mu.m.
The air-entraining water reducer is purchased from superplastic building materials, Inc. of Guangzhou, SPT-A40Q; the solid content is more than or equal to 20 percent, and the water reducing rate is more than 30 percent.
The steel fiber is end hook-shaped steel fiber which is purchased from Shanghai Zhen Qiang fiber Co., Ltd, the diameter is 0.22mm, the length is 14mm, and the tensile strength is more than or equal to 2000 MPa.
The water is tap water and meets the requirements of concrete water standards (JGJ 63-2006).
The mixer was a UK Hobart mixer (A200).
Example 1
The high-toughness low-carbon type anti-knock cement-based composite material is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
1.0 part of P.II 52.5 ordinary portland cement, 0.08 part of steel fiber, 0.015 part of water reducing agent and 0.20 of water-cement ratio.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) 6000g of P.II 52.5 ordinary Portland cement is taken and put into a Hobart mixer according to the weight ratio;
(2) adding 90g of air entraining type water reducing agent into 1128g of weighed water (the water reducing agent is calculated by solid content of 20 percent, and the water content in the water reducing agent is deducted, the following is applicable), and uniformly stirring;
(3) adding the water reducing agent aqueous solution uniformly stirred in the step (2) into a stirring pot, firstly stirring at a low speed for 1 minute, and then stirring at a medium speed for 2.5 minutes until slurry with good flowing property appears;
(4) 473.1g of steel fibers are uniformly added into a stirring pot, low-speed stirring is started for half a minute, and then medium-speed stirring is started for 3 minutes;
(5) the stirred slurry is put into a 40X 160 mm steel die and put into a vibration table to vibrate for 20 seconds;
(6) placing the test block with the mold into a standard curing box (temperature of 20 +/-2 ℃, relative humidity of more than or equal to 95 percent) for curing for 1 day, removing the mold and placing into an early carbonization curing box (CO for carbonization and curing) 2 The concentration is 99.99 percent, the carbonization curing pressure value is 0.3MPa, and the curing temperature is 25 ℃ +/-Curing for 24 hours at 2 ℃;
(7) after the early carbonization and maintenance, performing early quasi-static mechanical performance test on part of the test blocks, putting part of the test blocks into a standard maintenance box (the temperature is 20 +/-2 ℃, and the relative humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent), continuously maintaining the test blocks until the test age, and testing the static/dynamic mechanical performance according to the cement mortar strength test method (ISO) (GB/T17671-2020).
Example 2
The high-toughness low-carbon anti-knock cement-based composite material is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
0.85 part of P.II 52.5 ordinary portland cement, 0.15 part of silica powder, 0.08 part of steel fiber, 0.02 part of water reducing agent and 0.20 part of water-cement ratio.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight ratio, 5100g of ordinary portland cement and 900g of silicon powder are put into a Hobart mixer and are stirred at low speed for half a minute, so that the two dry powder materials are uniformly mixed;
(2) adding 120g of air-entraining water reducer into 1104g of weighed water, and uniformly stirring;
(3) adding the water reducing agent aqueous solution uniformly stirred in the step (2) into a stirring pot, firstly stirring at a low speed for 1 minute, and then stirring at a medium speed for 2.5 minutes until slurry with good flowing property appears;
(4) 479g of steel fiber is uniformly added, low-speed stirring is started for half a minute, and then medium-speed stirring is started for 3 minutes;
(5) the stirred slurry is put into a 40X 160 mm steel die and put into a vibration table to vibrate for 20 seconds;
(6) placing the test block with the mold into a standard curing box (temperature of 20 +/-2 ℃, relative humidity of more than or equal to 95 percent) for curing for 1 day, removing the mold and placing into an early carbonization curing box (CO for carbonization and curing) 2 The concentration is 99.99 percent, the carbonization curing pressure value is 0.3MPa, and the curing temperature is 25 +/-2 ℃ for 24 hours;
(7) after the early carbonization and maintenance, performing early quasi-static mechanical performance test on part of the test blocks, putting part of the test blocks into a standard maintenance box (the temperature is 20 +/-2 ℃, and the relative humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent), continuously maintaining the test blocks until the test age, and testing the static/dynamic mechanical performance according to the cement mortar strength test method (ISO) (GB/T17671-2020).
Example 3
The high-toughness low-carbon anti-knock cement-based composite material is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
0.65 part of P.II 52.5 ordinary portland cement, 0.15 part of silica powder, 0.2 part of fly ash micro-beads, 0.08 part of steel fiber, 0.02 part of water reducing agent and 0.18 part of water-cement ratio. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight ratio, 3900g of ordinary portland cement, 1200g of fly ash micro-beads and 900g of silicon powder are put into a Hobart stirrer and stirred at low speed for half a minute, so that the two dry powder materials are uniformly mixed;
(2) adding 120g of air-entraining water reducer into 984g of weighed water, and uniformly stirring;
(3) adding the water reducing agent aqueous solution uniformly stirred in the step (2) into a stirring pot, firstly stirring at a low speed for 1 minute, and then stirring at a medium speed for 2.5 minutes until slurry with good flowing property appears;
(4) 490.2g of steel fiber is uniformly added into a stirring pot, low-speed stirring is started for half a minute, and then medium-speed stirring is started for 3 minutes;
(5) the stirred slurry is put into a 40X 160 mm steel die and put into a vibration table to vibrate for 20 seconds;
(6) placing the test block with the mold into a standard curing box (temperature of 20 +/-2 ℃, relative humidity of more than or equal to 95 percent) for curing for 1 day, removing the mold and placing into an early carbonization curing box (CO for carbonization and curing) 2 The concentration is 99.99 percent, the carbonization curing pressure value is 0.3MPa, and the curing temperature is 25 +/-2 ℃ for 24 hours;
(7) after the early carbonization and maintenance, performing early quasi-static mechanical performance test on part of the test blocks, putting part of the test blocks into a standard maintenance box (the temperature is 20 +/-2 ℃, and the relative humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent), continuously maintaining the test blocks until the test age, and testing the static/dynamic mechanical performance according to the cement mortar strength test method (ISO) (GB/T17671-2020).
Comparative example 1
The low-carbon anti-knock cement-based composite material is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 1.0 part of P.II 52.5 ordinary portland cement, 0.015 part of water reducing agent and 0.20 of water-cement ratio.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) 6000g of ordinary portland cement is taken and put into a Hobart mixer according to the weight ratio;
(2) adding 90g of air-entraining water reducer into 1128g of weighed water, and uniformly stirring;
(3) adding the water reducing agent aqueous solution uniformly stirred in the step (2) into a stirring pot, firstly stirring at a low speed for 1 minute, and then stirring at a medium speed for 2.5 minutes until slurry with good flowing property appears;
(4) placing the stirred slurry into a40 × 160 mm steel die, and placing the die on a vibration table to vibrate for 20 seconds;
(5) placing the test block with the mold into a standard curing box (temperature of 20 +/-2 ℃, relative humidity of more than or equal to 95 percent) for curing for 1 day, removing the mold and placing into an early carbonization curing box (CO for carbonization and curing) 2 The concentration is 99.99 percent, the carbonization curing pressure value is 0.3MPa, and the curing temperature is 25 +/-2 ℃ for 24 hours;
(6) after the early carbonization and maintenance are finished, performing early quasi-static mechanical performance test on part of test blocks, putting part of the test blocks into a standard maintenance box (the temperature is 20 +/-2 ℃, and the relative humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent), continuing maintenance until the test age, and testing the static/dynamic mechanical performance according to the cement mortar strength test method (ISO) (GB/T17671-2020).
Comparative example 2
The low-carbon type anti-knock cement-based composite material is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
0.65 part of P.II 52.5 ordinary portland cement, 0.15 part of silica powder, 0.2 part of fly ash micro-beads, 0.02 part of water reducing agent and 0.18 part of water-cement ratio.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight ratio, 3900g of ordinary portland cement, 1200g of fly ash micro-beads and 900g of silicon powder are put into a Hobart stirrer and stirred at low speed for half a minute, so that the two dry powder materials are uniformly mixed;
(2) adding 120g of air-entraining water reducer into 984g of weighed water, and uniformly stirring;
(3) adding the water reducing agent aqueous solution uniformly stirred in the step (2) into a stirring pot, firstly stirring at a low speed for 1 minute, and then stirring at a medium speed for 2.5 minutes until slurry with good flowing property appears;
(4) placing the stirred slurry into a40 × 160 mm steel die, and placing the die on a vibration table to vibrate for 20 seconds;
(5) placing the test block with the mold into a standard curing box (temperature of 20 +/-2 ℃, relative humidity of more than or equal to 95 percent) for curing for 1 day, removing the mold and placing into an early carbonization curing box (CO for carbonization and curing) 2 The concentration is 99.99 percent, the carbonization curing pressure value is 0.3MPa, and the curing temperature is 25 +/-2 ℃ for 24 hours;
(6) after the early carbonization and maintenance, performing early quasi-static mechanical performance test on part of the test blocks, putting part of the test blocks into a standard maintenance box (the temperature is 20 +/-2 ℃, and the relative humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent), continuously maintaining the test blocks until the test age, and testing the static/dynamic mechanical performance according to the cement mortar strength test method (ISO) (GB/T17671-2020).
Comparative example 3
The high-toughness anti-explosion cement-based composite material is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
0.65 part of P.II 52.5 ordinary portland cement, 0.15 part of silica powder, 0.2 part of fly ash micro-beads, 0.08 part of steel fiber, 0.02 part of water reducing agent and 0.18 part of water-cement ratio.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight ratio, 3900g of ordinary portland cement, 1200g of fly ash micro-beads and 900g of silicon powder are put into a Hobart stirrer and stirred at low speed for half a minute, so that the two dry powder materials are uniformly mixed;
(2) adding 120g of air-entraining water reducer into 984g of weighed water, and uniformly stirring;
(3) adding the water reducing agent aqueous solution uniformly stirred in the step (2) into a stirring pot, firstly stirring at a low speed for 1 minute, and then stirring at a medium speed for 2.5 minutes until slurry with good flowing property appears;
(4) 490.2g of steel fiber is uniformly added into a stirring pot, low-speed stirring is started for half a minute, and then medium-speed stirring is started for 3 minutes;
(5) the stirred slurry is put into a 40X 160 mm steel die and put into a vibration table to vibrate for 20 seconds;
(6) after the test block with the mold is placed into a standard curing box (the temperature is 20 +/-2 ℃ and the relative humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent) for curing for 1 day, the mold is removed, the test block is continuously placed into the standard curing box (the temperature is 20 +/-2 ℃ and the relative humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent) for curing to a testing age, and static/dynamic mechanical properties are tested according to the Cement mortar Strength testing method (ISO) (GB/T17671-.
The quasi-static mechanical properties of the cement-based composites prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 above for 1 day and 56 days are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the test blocks obtained by the preparation method of early carbonization curing in examples 1-3 of the invention have high compressive strength and high flexural strength, and meet the basic requirements of the compressive strength of concrete materials in conventional engineering; under the same carbonization and curing conditions, compared with the example 1, the mechanical properties (including compressive strength and flexural strength) of the cement-based composite slurry in the early stage and the later stage can be simultaneously improved in the example 3 through the optimized design of the material system, and the compressive strength and the flexural strength of the cement-based composite slurry in 56 days are respectively as high as 114.7MPa and 30.2 MPa. From the comparison between the example 2 and the example 3, the flexural strength of the silicon powder and fly ash micro-bead compound system is greatly improved under the early carbonization curing condition, and particularly the flexural strength at the early stage is improved by 105%. Therefore, besides the toughness of the cement-based composite material is improved by the fiber, the toughness of the cement-based composite material can also be improved to a greater extent by doping the fly ash microbeads and adopting an early carbonization curing method.
FIG. 1 is a graph of impact results for a cementitious composite, wherein: (a) the high toughness low carbon type antiknock cement-based composite material prepared in example 3, and (b) the low carbon type antiknock cement-based composite material prepared in comparative example 1. As can be seen from the impact resistance results of fig. 1 (impact failure process of the test block under the high-speed camera under the high strain rate condition), the high-toughness low-carbon type anti-knock cement-based composite material prepared in example 3 has only a small amount of slurry peeling at the edge under the high strain rate impact pressure, whereas the low-carbon type anti-knock cement-based composite material prepared in comparative example 1 has complete impact failure under the same conditions.
In addition, according to the calculation method of the carbonization degree of the cement-based material under the early carbonization curing condition (He Z, Li Z, Shao y. journal of materials in Civil Engineering,2017,29 (10)), the carbonization degree of the high-toughness low-carbon type anti-explosion cement-based composite material prepared in the embodiment 3 of the invention exceeds 20.0% under the early carbonization curing condition, and the low-carbon characteristic is fully verified.
Claims (9)
1. The high-toughness low-carbon anti-knock cement-based composite material is characterized by being prepared by mixing the following raw materials into slurry: cementing materials, steel fibers, an air-entraining water reducing agent and water; after the slurry is prehydrated for 1 day, carrying out early carbonization maintenance to obtain the high-toughness low-carbon anti-explosion cement-based composite material;
CO for said early carbonation curing 2 The concentration is more than or equal to 99.99 percent, the carbonization curing pressure value is 0.3MPa +/-0.05 MPa, and the curing temperature is 25 +/-2 ℃;
the cementing material consists of ordinary portland cement, silicon powder and fly ash microbeads; according to the weight portion, the steel fiber accounts for 7.5-8.5% of the weight of the cementing material, and the air entraining type water reducing agent accounts for 1.5-2% of the weight of the cementing material; the water-to-glue ratio in the system is 0.18-0.20; the water-to-gel ratio refers to the ratio of the weight of water in the whole system to the weight of the cementitious material.
2. The high-toughness low-carbon anti-knock cement-based composite material according to claim 1, wherein the silica powder accounts for 0-15% of the weight of the cementitious material, the fly ash microbeads account for 0-20% of the weight of the cementitious material, and the ordinary portland cement accounts for 65-100% of the weight of the cementitious material.
3. The high-toughness low-carbon anti-knock cement-based composite material according to claim 1, wherein the silicon powder accounts for 15% of the weight of the cementitious material, the fly ash microbeads account for 20% of the weight of the cementitious material, and the ordinary portland cement accounts for 65% of the weight of the cementitious material.
4. The high-toughness low-carbon anti-knock cement-based composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the steel fibers are hook-ended steel fibers, the length of the hook-ended steel fibers is 8 to 14mm, the length-diameter ratio of the hook-ended steel fibers is 50 to 100, and the tensile strength of the hook-ended steel fibers is greater than or equal to 2000 MPa.
5. The high-toughness low-carbon anti-knock cement-based composite material according to claim 4, wherein the steel fibers are hook-ended steel fibers, the length is 14mm, the length-diameter ratio is 50-100, and the tensile strength is greater than or equal to 2000 MPa.
6. The high toughness, low carbon, antiknock cement-based composite material according to claim 4, wherein said Portland cement is P.II 52.5; the silicon powder: SiO 2 2 The content is more than or equal to 95 percent; the fly ash micro-bead: SiO 2 2 The content is more than or equal to 54.0 percent, and Al 2 O 3 The content is more than or equal to 18.0 percent, and the content of CaO is more than or equal to 7.5 percent.
7. The high toughness low carbon antiknock cement-based composite material according to claim 4, wherein said Portland cement has a median particle diameter D50 of 11 to 12 μm;
the median particle diameter D50 of the silicon powder is 0.1-0.2 μm;
the median particle diameter D50 of the fly ash micro-bead is 1-2 μm.
8. The high toughness low carbon type antiknock cement-based composite material according to claim 4, wherein said air-entraining water reducing agent: the water reducing rate is over 30 percent.
9. The preparation method of the high-toughness low-carbon anti-knock cement-based composite material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) putting ordinary portland cement, fly ash microbeads and silicon powder into a stirrer, and stirring at a low speed for half a minute to uniformly mix dry powder;
(2) adding the air entraining water reducer into the weighed water, and uniformly stirring;
(3) adding the water reducing agent aqueous solution uniformly stirred in the step (2) into the stirring pot in the step (1), firstly stirring at a low speed for 1 minute, and then stirring at a medium speed for 2.5 minutes until slurry with good flowing property appears;
(4) uniformly adding the steel fibers, starting low-speed stirring for half a minute, and then stirring at medium speed for 3 minutes;
(5) filling the slurry stirred in the step (4) into a steel die, and placing the steel die on a vibration table to vibrate for 20 seconds;
(6) after the test block is maintained for 1 day with the mold, the mold is removed and the test block is placed in an early carbonization maintenance box for maintenance for 24 hours;
(7) and after the early carbonization maintenance is finished, continuing to maintain to the corresponding age.
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