CN114852044A - Energy recovery system and control method for 48V hybrid power truck - Google Patents
Energy recovery system and control method for 48V hybrid power truck Download PDFInfo
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
- B60W20/13—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion
- B60W20/14—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion in conjunction with braking regeneration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
- B60W30/18009—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
- B60W30/18109—Braking
- B60W30/18127—Regenerative braking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2520/00—Input parameters relating to overall vehicle dynamics
- B60W2520/10—Longitudinal speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
- B60W2540/10—Accelerator pedal position
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
- B60W2540/12—Brake pedal position
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
- B60W2540/16—Ratio selector position
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a 48V hybrid power truck energy recovery system and a control method, wherein an information acquisition subsystem is used for acquiring vehicle state information; the predictive driving subsystem is used for calling map information, predicting the front working condition information of the vehicle, meanwhile, pre-judging the driving intention of a driver by combining the vehicle state information, and sending the pre-judged driving intention to the control unit, so that the control unit can make an energy recovery strategy and a battery charging and discharging control strategy; the control unit is connected with the 48V power battery through the braking energy recovery subsystem, and the braking energy is stored in the 48V power battery; the control unit is connected with the 48V power battery through the waste heat energy recovery subsystem, and stores electric energy generated by waste heat to the 48V power battery. The system ensures that the SOC of the 48V power battery is in a proper range, not only can the recovered energy be completely contained, but also excessive residual space can be avoided, so that the SOC of the battery is too low, and the normal running of a vehicle is influenced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hybrid power trucks, in particular to a 48V hybrid power truck energy recovery system and a control method.
Background
With the further tightening of the emission standard of the automobile and the gradual improvement of the requirement for reducing the oil consumption of the automobile, the upgrading and updating of products are considered in all large host factories, and the hybrid electric automobile becomes one of the most effective technologies for solving the current problems. Compared with a traditional fuel vehicle system, the 48V mild hybrid power system has the advantages that the structure is simple, the cost is low, the structural difference is relatively small, and the 48V hybrid power system is the first choice for reducing the fuel consumption at present.
For a truck, due to the particularity of the use scene, the mass of the whole truck is large, and the engine displacement is also large. Vehicles generate significant recoverable energy, such as braking energy and waste heat energy, during use. However, the braking energy and the waste heat energy of the current truck cannot be effectively recovered, so that the oil consumption of the whole truck is high, the energy conservation and the emission reduction cannot be realized, and the regulatory requirements cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an energy recovery system of a 48V hybrid power truck, which realizes comprehensive braking energy recovery, waste heat energy recovery and energy recovery of predictive driving technology, and realizes the purposes of reducing oil consumption, saving energy and reducing emission.
The system comprises: the system comprises an information acquisition subsystem, a predictive driving subsystem, a braking energy recovery subsystem, a waste heat energy recovery subsystem, a control unit and a 48V power battery;
the information acquisition subsystem is used for acquiring vehicle state information and sending the acquired vehicle state information to the control unit;
the vehicle state information includes: vehicle speed, gear, accelerator pedal opening and brake pedal opening;
the predictive driving subsystem is used for calling map information, predicting the front working condition information of the vehicle, meanwhile, pre-judging the driving intention of a driver by combining the vehicle state information, and sending the pre-judged driving intention to the control unit, so that the control unit can make an energy recovery strategy and a battery charging and discharging control strategy;
the control unit is connected with the 48V power battery through the braking energy recovery subsystem, and energy generated by braking is recovered to the 48V power battery.
The control unit is connected with the energy recovery storage/discharge subsystem and judges whether the SOC state of the 48V power battery reaches the upper limit or not through the BMS;
if the upper limit is reached, the energy generated by braking is stored and recovered to the energy recovery storage/discharge subsystem.
The control unit is connected with the 48V power battery through the waste heat energy recovery subsystem, and the energy generated by the waste heat or energy recovery energy storage/discharge subsystem is recovered to the 48V power battery.
Further, it should be noted that the method further includes: the system comprises a 24V storage battery and a DC/DC transformation module;
the information acquisition subsystem includes: the system comprises a vehicle speed sensor, a brake pedal opening sensor, an accelerator pedal opening sensor and an engine rotating speed sensor;
the braking energy recovery subsystem comprises: a 48V ISG motor/generator and a first motor controller;
the waste heat energy recovery subsystem includes: the waste heat collector, the temperature control module, the thermoelectric generator and the second motor controller;
the 48V ISG motor/generator is connected with a charging end of a 48V power battery through a first motor controller, so that the 48V power battery is charged;
the temperature difference generator is connected with a charging end of the 48V power battery through the second motor controller, so that the 48V power battery is charged;
the power supply end of the 48V power battery is connected with the 48V ISG motor/generator through the first motor controller to provide electric energy for the 48V ISG motor/generator;
the power supply end of the 48V power battery is also connected with the 24V storage battery through the DC/DC power transformation module to supply power to the 24V storage battery.
The invention also provides a 48V hybrid power truck energy recovery method, which comprises the following steps:
the information acquisition subsystem acquires vehicle state information;
the predictive driving subsystem predicts the information of the working condition in front of the running vehicle and predicts the driving intention of the driver by combining the information of the vehicle state;
the control unit judges whether the current 48V power battery SOC state is suitable for the requirements of a predictive driving system or not according to the front working condition information and the driving intention of a driver;
if the SOC state of the 48V power battery is not suitable, the control unit adjusts a charge-discharge control strategy of the battery by controlling a BMS of the vehicle until the SOC state of the 48V power battery meets the requirement;
and if the state of the 48V power battery is suitable, maintaining the current charge and discharge control strategy.
It should be further noted that when the vehicle brakes or slides with gear, the braking energy recovery subsystem performs energy recovery through the 48V ISG motor/generator, and the control unit acquires the SOC state of the 48V power battery in real time, and performs a control strategy of regulating and controlling braking energy recovery through the energy recovery storage/discharge subsystem;
when the SOC of the 48V power battery is lower than the upper limit value, the energy stored in the energy recovery energy storage/release subsystem is transmitted to the 48V power battery, so that charging and energy storage are realized;
the waste heat energy recovery subsystem recovers the waste heat of the engine, the waste heat of the exhaust pipe and the energy of the energy recovery energy storage/discharge subsystem.
It should be further noted that, when the vehicle is emergently braked, the emergency braking is directly completed by the mechanical air pressure braking system, and the braking energy recovery subsystem is not started;
when the vehicle is normally braked, the braking energy recovery subsystem is started, and the target braking intensity, the target braking torque and the electric braking torque provided by the 48V ISG motor/generator are calculated;
if the electric braking torque is larger than or equal to the target braking torque, only the generator energy recovery braking torque is used for braking;
if the electric braking torque is smaller than the target braking torque, the generator provides the maximum energy to recover the braking torque, and the rest required braking torque is provided by air pressure braking or liquid slow braking;
when the vehicle slides in a gear, the control unit controls the ISG motor/generator to output electric braking torque through the working condition input by the predictive driving subsystem and the driving intention.
It should be further noted that when the 48V ISG motor/generator provides electric braking torque to recover braking energy, the control unit acquires the SOC state of the 48V power battery in real time and adjusts a braking energy recovery strategy;
if the SOC of the 48V power battery does not reach the upper limit, the electric energy generated by the ISG motor/generator directly charges the 48V power battery;
if the SOC of the 48V power battery reaches the upper limit, the electric energy generated by the ISG motor/generator enters the energy recovery storage/discharge subsystem for energy storage, and then is discharged when the 48V power battery can be charged.
It should be further noted that after the electric heater in the energy recovery storage/discharge subsystem is powered on, the electric heater starts to heat the cooling water, and the electric energy is converted into heat energy for energy storage;
when the SOC of the 48V power battery is detected to be lower than the limit value, the heated cooling water converts the stored heat energy into electric energy through the waste heat energy recovery subsystem for energy recovery.
It should be further noted that the waste heat of the engine and the waste heat of the exhaust pipe are transferred to the high-temperature end of the temperature difference generator installed at the outer side of the engine, and the temperature difference generator converts the heat energy into electric energy;
when the 48V power battery enters a chargeable state, the heated cooling water is transferred to the high-temperature end of the thermoelectric generator, and the stored heat energy is converted into electric energy through the thermoelectric generator, so that the 48V power battery is charged.
It is further noted that the predictive driving subsystem method includes:
if the current vehicle speed is more than or equal to 60km/h, the gear is 10 or more, and the front is a downhill or a congestion working condition, the driver brakes or slides with the gear;
if the current vehicle speed is less than 60km/h, the gear is below 10, and the condition that the front is smooth is predicted, the driver accelerates;
the vehicle BMS transmits the SOC state information of the 48V power battery to the control unit in real time, and the control unit regulates and controls a charging and discharging strategy of the 48V power battery according to the working condition and the driving intention input by the predictive driving subsystem;
when the vehicle is about to enter long-time braking or slip in a gear, the control unit outputs a corresponding 48V power battery SOC range according to the working condition information and the driving intention of a driver;
if the SOC of the 48V power battery is high and does not meet the state requirement, the control unit regulates and controls a charge-discharge strategy of the 48V power battery, the 48V motor enters a driving mode, power assistance is carried out, the electric quantity of the battery is actively consumed, and the SOC of the 48V power battery is reduced.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
in the 48V hybrid power truck energy recovery system and the control method thereof, the information acquisition subsystem and the predictive driving subsystem acquire information such as working conditions, vehicle states and the like, the control unit judges the driving intention of a driver according to the information, and simultaneously judges whether the current 48V power battery SOC is suitable for the predictive working conditions, whether the braking energy recovery subsystem is started and whether the residual heat energy recovery subsystem is started or not by combining the 48V power battery SOC state. If the SOC state of the 48V power battery is not suitable, the control unit adjusts the charging and discharging control strategy of the battery by controlling the BMS until the SOC state of the 48V power battery meets the requirement. When the vehicle is normally braked or slides with a gear, the braking energy recovery subsystem recovers energy through the 48V motor/generator, meanwhile, the control unit acquires the SOC state of the 48V power battery in real time, and the braking energy recovery strategy is regulated and controlled through the energy recovery energy storage/discharge system. The energy recovery system of the 48V hybrid power truck improves the recoverable energy of the whole truck, further reduces oil consumption, meets the regulations and realizes energy conservation and emission reduction.
The 48V hybrid power truck energy recovery system and the control method thereof can judge the working condition in front of the driving and the driving intention of the driver in advance through the predictive driving subsystem, thereby helping the vehicle energy recovery system to play a greater role. The energy recovery system of the comprehensive braking energy recovery, waste heat energy recovery and predictive driving technology has great practical value for reducing oil consumption and realizing energy conservation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 48V hybrid truck energy recovery system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a 48V hybrid truck energy recovery system.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The elements and algorithm steps of the various examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed in the 48V hybrid truck energy recovery system and control method provided by the present invention may be embodied in electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations thereof, and the components and steps of the various examples have been described generally in terms of their functionality in the foregoing description for clarity of explanation of the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The block diagram shown in the figures of the 48V hybrid truck energy recovery system and control method provided by the present invention is a functional entity only and does not necessarily correspond to a physically separate entity. I.e. these functional entities may be implemented in the form of software, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and/or processor means and/or microcontroller means.
In the 48V hybrid truck energy recovery system and control method provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may also be an electric, mechanical or other form of connection.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a 48V hybrid truck energy recovery system comprising: the system comprises an information acquisition subsystem 1, a predictive driving subsystem 2, a braking energy recovery subsystem 3, a waste heat energy recovery subsystem 5, an energy recovery energy storage/discharge subsystem 6, a control unit 4, a 48V power battery 7, a 24V storage battery 13, a second motor controller 10, a first motor controller 11 and a DC/DC power transformation module 12; the 48V power battery 7 can supply power to the vehicle and can also be charged during the running of the vehicle.
The 48V ISG motor/generator 8 is connected with a charging end of the 48V power battery 7 through the first motor controller 11, so that the 48V power battery 7 is charged; the temperature difference generator 9 is connected with a charging end of the 48V power battery 7 through the second motor controller 10, so that the 48V power battery 7 is charged; the power supply end of the 48V power battery 7 is connected with the 48V ISG motor/generator 8 through the first motor controller 11 to provide electric energy for the 48V ISG motor/generator 8; the power supply end of the 48V power battery 7 is also connected with the 24V storage battery 13 through the DC/DC power transformation module 12 to supply power to the 24V storage battery 13.
For the information acquisition subsystem 1, the information acquisition subsystem 1 comprises a vehicle speed sensor, a brake pedal opening sensor, an accelerator pedal opening sensor and an engine rotating speed sensor; the braking energy recovery subsystem 3 includes: a 48V ISG motor/generator 8 and a first motor controller; the waste heat energy recovery subsystem 5 includes: the waste heat collector, the thermoelectric generator 9, the second motor controller and the temperature control module.
The information acquisition subsystem 1 is used for acquiring vehicle state information and sending the acquired vehicle state information to the control unit 4; the vehicle state information includes: vehicle speed, gear, accelerator pedal opening and brake pedal opening;
the predictive driving subsystem 2 is used for calling map information, predicting the front working condition information of vehicle running, meanwhile, pre-judging the driving intention of a driver by combining the vehicle state information, and sending the pre-judged driving intention to the control unit 4, so that the control unit 4 can make an energy recovery strategy and a battery charging and discharging control strategy;
the predictive driving subsystem 2 comprises technologies such as a high-precision map and an intelligent network connection, and the high-precision map can adopt a currently common Gade map, a Baidu map and common map software. The predictive driving subsystem 2 can accurately predict the information of the working conditions ahead, such as uphill, downhill, congestion and the like, and simultaneously predict the driving intention of the driver, namely the impending driving modes of the vehicle, such as acceleration, braking, sliding and the like, by combining the vehicle state information.
The control unit 4 outputs a corresponding battery SOC range according to the working condition information and the driving intention of the driver, at the moment, the current SOC state of the 48V power battery 7 is judged to be suitable for the requirement of a predictive driving system or not by combining the input SOC state information of the 48V power battery 7, if the SOC state of the 48V power battery 7 is not suitable, the control unit 4 adjusts the charging and discharging control strategy of the battery through a BMS (battery management system) of the vehicle, namely, controls a battery management system until the SOC state of the 48V power battery 7 meets the requirement; if the 48V power battery 7SOC state is appropriate, the control unit 4 maintains the current charge-discharge control strategy.
The control unit 4 judges whether to start the braking energy recovery subsystem 3 and whether to start the waste heat energy recovery subsystem 5 according to the working condition information and the driving intention of the driver and by combining the current SOC state of the 48V power battery 7. When the braking energy recovery subsystem 3 is started, the motor enters a power generation mode, and at the moment, if the SOC of the 48V power battery 7 does not reach the upper limit, the electric energy generated by the motor directly charges the 48V power battery 7; if the SOC of the 48V power battery 7 reaches the upper limit, the charging can not be carried out, the electric energy generated by the motor enters the energy recovery and storage/release subsystem 6 for energy storage, and when the SOC of the 48V power battery 7 is detected to be lower than the limit, the energy recovery and storage/release subsystem 6 converts the stored heat energy into the electric energy through the waste heat energy recovery subsystem 5, charges the 48V power battery 7 and carries out energy recovery. When the waste heat energy recovery subsystem 5 is started, the waste heat of the engine is converted into electric energy, and then the 48V power battery 7 is charged. The 48V power battery 7 supplies power for the 48V electrification accessories 15 and the 24 storage battery of the whole vehicle.
The predictive driving subsystem 2 can monitor the energy recovered by the braking energy recovery subsystem 3 and the waste heat energy recovery subsystem 5 at the same time, so as to predict the recoverable energy, and ensure that the SOC of the 48V power battery 7 is in a proper range, so that the recovered energy can be completely contained, and excessive residual space is not available, so that the SOC of the battery is too low, and the normal operation of the vehicle is influenced.
Based on the 48V hybrid power truck energy recovery system, the invention also provides a 48V hybrid power truck energy recovery method, which comprises the following steps:
the information acquisition subsystem 1 acquires vehicle state information;
the predictive driving subsystem 2 predicts the front working condition information of the vehicle running and simultaneously predicts the driving intention of the driver by combining the vehicle state information;
the control unit 4 judges whether the current 48V power battery 7SOC state is suitable for the requirements of a predictive driving system or not according to the front working condition information and the driving intention of the driver;
if the SOC state of the 48V power battery 7 is not suitable, the control unit 4 adjusts a charging and discharging control strategy of the battery by controlling a BMS of the vehicle until the SOC state of the 48V power battery 7 meets the requirement; if the state of the battery 48V power battery 7 is appropriate, the current charge and discharge control strategy is kept.
Specifically, vehicle state information such as a vehicle speed, a shift position, an accelerator pedal opening, a brake pedal opening, and the like is acquired by a vehicle speed sensor, a brake pedal opening sensor, an accelerator pedal opening sensor, an engine speed sensor, and the like of the information acquisition subsystem 1, and the acquired vehicle state information is transmitted to the control unit 4.
The predictive driving subsystem 2 accurately predicts the information of the front working conditions, such as uphill, downhill, level road, congestion, smoothness and the like, through the technologies of a high-precision map, intelligent internet connection and the like, and simultaneously predicts the driving intention of a driver, namely the impending driving mode of the vehicle, by combining the vehicle state information. If the current vehicle speed is high (60 km/h or more), the gear is high (10 gears or more) and a downhill or congested condition ahead is predicted, the driver may brake or coast in gear, and if the current vehicle speed is low (< 60 km/h), the gear is high (below 10 gears) and a smooth road condition ahead is predicted, the driver may accelerate. The predictive driving subsystem 2 transmits the predicted driving intention of the driver to the control unit 4 in real time, and the control unit 4 makes an energy recovery strategy and a battery charging and discharging control strategy.
As an embodiment of the present invention, BMS14 transmits the SOC status information of 48V power battery 7 to control unit 4 in real time, and control unit 4 adjusts the SOC of 48V power battery 7 by regulating the charging and discharging strategy of the battery according to the operating condition and driving intention inputted by predictive driving subsystem 2.
When the vehicle is about to enter long-time braking or slip with a gear, the control unit 4 outputs a corresponding 48V power battery 7SOC range (such as less than 80%) according to working condition information and the driving intention of a driver, at the moment, the control unit judges whether the current 48V power battery 7SOC state is suitable for the requirement of the predictive driving subsystem 2 or not by combining the input 48V power battery 7SOC state information, if the 48V power battery 7SOC is higher and does not meet the state requirement, the control unit 4 needs to regulate and control a battery charging and discharging strategy in advance, a 48V motor is put into a driving mode to carry out power assistance, the battery electric quantity is consumed actively, the 48V power battery 7SOC is reduced, and capacity is reserved for the fed back electric energy; if the 48V power battery 7SOC state is satisfied, the current charge and discharge control strategy is maintained.
The braking energy recovery subsystem 3 recovers energy under the condition that the vehicle is braked (non-emergency braking) or is in a sliding condition with a gear.
Specifically, the control unit 4 directly completes the emergency braking of the vehicle by a mechanical air pressure braking system according to the working condition and the driving intention input by the predictive driving subsystem 2, and the braking energy recovery subsystem 3 is not started; when the vehicle is normally braked, the braking energy recovery system is turned on, and the target braking intensity, the target braking torque and the electric braking torque that can be provided by the 48V ISG motor/generator 8 are calculated.
At the moment, if the electric braking torque is larger than or equal to the target braking torque, the generator energy recovery braking torque is only used for braking; if the electric braking torque is smaller than the target braking torque, the generator provides the maximum energy to recover the braking torque, and the rest required braking torque is provided by air braking or liquid slow braking.
When the vehicle is coasting in gear, the control unit 4 controls the 48V ISG motor/generator 8 to output the appropriate electric braking torque according to the condition of the predictive driving subsystem 2 input and the driving intention. When the sliding distance is long (such as descending a long slope), the riding comfort needs to be considered, and the electric braking torque is reasonably distributed in the whole sliding process.
When the sliding distance is short (such as congestion), the timeliness of braking needs to be considered, and the electric braking torque can be properly increased. When the 48V ISG motor/generator 8 provides electric braking torque for braking energy recovery, the control unit 4 acquires the SOC state of the 48V power battery 7 in real time and adjusts a braking energy recovery strategy.
Specifically, if the SOC of the 48V power battery 7 does not reach the upper limit (95%), the electric energy generated by the ISG motor/generator directly charges the 48V power battery 7; if the SOC of the 48V power battery 7 reaches the upper limit (95%), the battery cannot be charged any more, and the electric energy generated by the ISG motor/generator enters the energy recovery storage/discharge system for energy storage and then is discharged when the battery can be charged. Specifically, after an electric heater in the energy recovery storage/discharge system is electrified, cooling water starts to be heated, and electric energy is converted into heat energy to be stored; when the SOC of the 48V power battery 7 is detected to be lower than the limit value, the heated cooling water converts the stored heat energy into electric energy through a waste heat energy recovery system for energy recovery.
The waste heat energy recovery subsystem 5 of the present invention recovers the waste heat of the engine, the waste heat of the exhaust pipe, and the heat energy of the energy recovery storage/discharge system. Specifically, the waste heat of the engine and the waste heat of the exhaust pipe are transferred to the high-temperature end of the thermoelectric generator 9 installed at the outer side thereof, and then the thermoelectric generator 9 converts the heat energy into electric energy. For the heat energy of the energy recovery storage/release subsystem 6, under the condition that the 48V power battery 7SOC allows, the heated cooling water is transferred to the high-temperature end of the thermoelectric generator 9, and the stored heat energy is converted into electric energy through the thermoelectric generator 9, so that the battery is charged.
The predictive driving subsystem 2 can monitor the energy recovered by the braking energy recovery system and the waste heat energy recovery system at the same time, so as to predict the recoverable energy, ensure that the SOC of the 48V power battery 7 is in a proper range, completely accommodate the recovered energy, and simultaneously have no excessive residual space, so that the SOC of the battery is too low, and the normal operation of the vehicle is influenced.
The 48V hybrid truck energy recovery system and control method provided by the present invention is implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both, in conjunction with the exemplary elements and algorithmic steps described in the embodiments disclosed herein, the components and steps of the various examples having been described generally in terms of function in the foregoing description for clarity of illustration of interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, aspects of the 48V hybrid truck energy recovery system and control method provided by the present invention may be embodied as a system, method or program product. Accordingly, various aspects of the present disclosure may be embodied in the form of: an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment (including firmware, microcode, etc.) or an embodiment combining hardware and software aspects that may all generally be referred to herein as a "circuit," module "or" system.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and in the claims, as well as in the drawings, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A 48V hybrid truck energy recovery system, comprising: the system comprises an information acquisition subsystem, a predictive driving subsystem, a braking energy recovery subsystem, a waste heat energy recovery subsystem, a control unit and a 48V power battery;
the information acquisition subsystem is used for acquiring vehicle state information and sending the acquired vehicle state information to the control unit;
the vehicle state information includes: vehicle speed, gear, accelerator pedal opening and brake pedal opening;
the predictive driving subsystem is used for calling map information, predicting the front working condition information of the vehicle, meanwhile, pre-judging the driving intention of a driver by combining the vehicle state information, and sending the pre-judged driving intention to the control unit, so that the control unit can make an energy recovery strategy and a battery charging and discharging control strategy;
the control unit is connected with the 48V power battery through the braking energy recovery subsystem, and stores energy generated by braking to the 48V power battery;
the control unit is connected with the 48V power battery through the waste heat energy recovery subsystem, and the energy generated by waste heat is stored in the 48V power battery.
2. The 48V hybrid truck energy recovery system of claim 1,
further comprising: an energy recovery storage/discharge subsystem;
the control unit is connected with the energy recovery storage/discharge subsystem and judges whether the SOC state of the 48V power battery reaches the upper limit or not through the BMS;
and if the upper limit is reached, storing the braking energy into an energy recovery energy storage/discharge subsystem.
3. The 48V hybrid truck energy recovery system of claim 1,
further comprising: the system comprises a 24V storage battery and a DC/DC transformation module;
the information acquisition subsystem includes: the system comprises a vehicle speed sensor, a brake pedal opening sensor, an accelerator pedal opening sensor and an engine rotating speed sensor;
the braking energy recovery subsystem comprises: a 48V ISG motor/generator and a first motor controller;
the waste heat energy recovery subsystem includes: the waste heat collector, the temperature control module, the thermoelectric generator and the second motor controller;
the 48V ISG motor/generator is connected with a charging end of a 48V power battery through a first motor controller, so that the 48V power battery is charged;
the temperature difference generator is connected with a charging end of the 48V power battery through the second motor controller, so that the 48V power battery is charged;
the power supply end of the 48V power battery is connected with the 48V ISG motor/generator through the first motor controller to provide electric energy for the 48V ISG motor/generator;
the power supply end of the 48V power battery is also connected with the 24V storage battery through the DC/DC power transformation module to supply power to the 24V storage battery.
4. A 48V hybrid truck energy recovery method, characterized in that the method employs a 48V hybrid truck energy recovery system according to any one of claims 1 to 3;
the method comprises the following steps:
the information acquisition subsystem acquires vehicle state information;
the predictive driving subsystem predicts the information of the working condition in front of the running vehicle and predicts the driving intention of the driver by combining the information of the vehicle state;
the control unit judges whether the current 48V power battery SOC state is suitable for the requirements of a predictive driving system or not according to the front working condition information and the driving intention of a driver;
if the SOC state of the 48V power battery is not suitable, the control unit adjusts a charge-discharge control strategy of the battery by controlling a BMS of the vehicle until the SOC state of the 48V power battery meets the requirement;
if the state of the 48V power battery is suitable, the current charge and discharge control strategy is kept.
5. The 48V hybrid truck energy recovery method of claim 4,
when the vehicle brakes or slides with a gear, the braking energy recovery subsystem recovers energy through the 48V ISG motor/generator, meanwhile, the control unit acquires the SOC state of the 48V power battery in real time, and the control strategy for regulating and controlling the braking energy recovery is performed through the energy recovery energy storage/discharge subsystem;
when the SOC of the 48V power battery is lower than the upper limit value, the stored energy is transmitted to the 48V power battery, so that charging energy storage is realized;
the waste heat energy recovery subsystem recovers the waste heat of the engine, the waste heat of the exhaust pipe and the energy of the energy recovery energy storage/discharge subsystem.
6. The 48V hybrid truck energy recovery method of claim 4,
when the vehicle is emergently braked, the emergency braking is directly finished by the mechanical air pressure braking system, and the braking energy recovery subsystem is not started;
when the vehicle is normally braked, the braking energy recovery subsystem is started, and the target braking intensity, the target braking torque and the electric braking torque provided by the 48V ISG motor/generator are calculated;
if the electric braking torque is larger than or equal to the target braking torque, only the generator energy recovery braking torque is used for braking;
if the electric braking torque is smaller than the target braking torque, the generator provides the maximum energy to recover the braking torque, and the rest required braking torque is provided by air pressure braking or liquid slow braking;
when the vehicle slides in a gear, the control unit controls the ISG motor/generator to output electric braking torque through the working condition input by the predictive driving subsystem and the driving intention.
7. The 48V hybrid truck energy recovery method of claim 4,
when the 48V ISG motor/generator provides electric braking torque for braking energy recovery, the control unit acquires the SOC state of the 48V power battery in real time and adjusts a braking energy recovery strategy;
if the SOC of the 48V power battery does not reach the upper limit, the electric energy generated by the ISG motor/generator directly charges the 48V power battery;
if the SOC of the 48V power battery reaches the upper limit, the electric energy generated by the ISG motor/generator enters the energy recovery storage/discharge subsystem for energy storage, and then is discharged when the 48V power battery can be charged.
8. The 48V hybrid truck energy recovery method of claim 4,
after an electric heater in the energy recovery energy storage/release subsystem is electrified, the electric heater starts to heat cooling water, and electric energy is converted into heat energy to store the energy;
when the SOC of the 48V power battery is detected to be lower than the limit value, the heated cooling water converts the stored heat energy into electric energy through the waste heat energy recovery subsystem for energy recovery.
9. The 48V hybrid truck energy recovery method of claim 4,
the waste heat of the engine and the waste heat of the exhaust pipe are transmitted to the high-temperature end of the temperature difference generator arranged on the outer side of the engine, and the temperature difference generator converts the heat energy into electric energy;
when the 48V power battery enters a chargeable state, the heated cooling water is transferred to the high-temperature end of the thermoelectric generator, and the stored heat energy is converted into electric energy through the thermoelectric generator, so that the 48V power battery is charged.
10. The 48V hybrid truck energy recovery method of claim 4,
the predictive driving subsystem method comprises the following steps:
if the current vehicle speed is more than or equal to 60km/h, the gear is 10 or more, and the front is a downhill or a congestion working condition, the driver brakes or slides with the gear;
if the current vehicle speed is less than 60km/h, the gear is below 10, and the condition that the front is smooth is predicted, the driver accelerates;
the vehicle BMS transmits the SOC state information of the 48V power battery to the control unit in real time, and the control unit regulates and controls a charging and discharging strategy of the 48V power battery according to the working condition and the driving intention input by the predictive driving subsystem;
when the vehicle is about to enter long-time braking or slip in a gear, the control unit outputs a corresponding 48V power battery SOC range according to the working condition information and the driving intention of a driver;
if the SOC of the 48V power battery is higher than a preset threshold value and does not meet the state requirement, the control unit regulates and controls a charging and discharging strategy of the 48V power battery, the 48V motor enters a driving mode, power assistance is carried out, the electric quantity of the battery is actively consumed, and the SOC of the 48V power battery is reduced.
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