CN114850372B - Resonant radial forging machine and forging application thereof - Google Patents
Resonant radial forging machine and forging application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114850372B CN114850372B CN202210782641.1A CN202210782641A CN114850372B CN 114850372 B CN114850372 B CN 114850372B CN 202210782641 A CN202210782641 A CN 202210782641A CN 114850372 B CN114850372 B CN 114850372B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
- B21J7/02—Special design or construction
- B21J7/14—Forging machines working with several hammers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
- B21J7/20—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor
- B21J7/22—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor for power hammers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a resonant radial forging machine and forging application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of forging equipment. The lifting guide rod device comprises a lower frame plate, an upper frame plate which can be lifted and is arranged in parallel to the lower frame plate, and two lifting guide rods which are fixedly arranged on the upper frame plate; the lower frame plate is provided with a platform counter bore, a rotating platform is arranged in the platform counter bore, and the upper frame plate is provided with a hammer head exciting device, an axial locking device and two hammer head resonance devices; the two hammer head resonance devices have the same structure and respectively comprise a driving gear, a swing rod, a pendulum hammer, a resonance hammer head, a sliding telescopic rod, a hammer head locking spring, a quasi-static base and a mass block. The resonance type radial forging machine has a reasonable structure, utilizes the resonance effect to obviously improve the radial forging acting force, can obviously improve the circumferential and axial forging uniformity of the forging blank, and has a high-quality forging effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of forging equipment, in particular to a resonant radial forging machine and forging application thereof.
Background
The forging is a processing method which can eliminate the defects of as-cast porosity and the like generated in the smelting process of metal and optimize the microstructure, and mainly utilizes forging machinery to apply pressure to a metal blank to generate plastic deformation to form a forging. Therefore, the quality of the forged piece is determined by the structural characteristics of the forging machine. Radial forging machines are one type of forging machine that can apply radial forging to a metal billet, particularly a cylindrical billet. The prior art radial forging machines, while providing radial forging forces, still suffer from certain drawbacks: firstly, the forging force of the hammer head is directly applied by a power source, so that the high-power source is required to be configured for improving the acting force of the hammer head; secondly, because the action point position of the hammer head is relatively fixed, the metal blank is stressed unevenly along the circumferential direction and the axial direction during radial forging. Therefore, it is desirable to design a high quality radial forging machine.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides the resonance type radial forging machine which is reasonable in structure, can obviously improve the radial forging acting force by utilizing the resonance effect, can obviously improve the circumferential and axial forging uniformity of the forging blank and has a high-quality forging effect.
In order to solve the problems, the solution proposed by the invention is as follows: a resonance type radial forging machine comprises a lower frame plate, an upper frame plate and two lifting guide rods, wherein the lower frame plate can be lifted and parallel to the upper frame plate, the upper frame plate is arranged on the lower frame plate, and the two lifting guide rods are fixedly arranged on the upper frame plate.
The forging die is characterized in that a platform counter bore is formed in the lower frame plate, a rotating platform is installed in the platform counter bore, a hammer head exciting device, an axial locking device and two hammer head resonance devices are installed on the upper frame plate, the rotating platform and the forging blank are locked together to rotate, and the two hammer head resonance devices are symmetrical about the axis of the rotating platform.
The two hammer head resonance devices have the same structure and respectively comprise a driving gear rotatably arranged on the upper frame plate, a swing rod with one end fixedly connected with the driving gear, a pendulum bob fixedly arranged on the other end of the swing rod and a vibration forging assembly arranged along the radial direction of the rotating platform in a sliding way; the vibration forging assembly comprises a resonance hammer head, a sliding telescopic rod, a hammer head locking spring, a quasi-static base and a mass block which are sequentially arranged; two ends of the sliding telescopic rod are respectively connected with the resonance hammer head and the quasi-static base, the hammer head locking spring is sleeved on the sliding telescopic rod, and two ends of the sliding telescopic rod are respectively connected with the quasi-static base and the resonance hammer head; the mass block is connected with the quasi-static base through a resonance spring; when the pendulum bob strikes the mass block, the acting force of the pendulum bob on the mass block is amplified by a resonance system consisting of the mass block, the resonance spring and the quasi-static base, and then is transmitted to the forging blank by the hammer head locking spring and the resonance hammer head in sequence, so that the forging blank is radially forged.
The hammer head excitation device is used for enabling the two swing rods to synchronously and reversely swing to store and release potential energy of the pendulum bob, and controlling the swing frequency omega of the swing rods to be located in a resonance frequency band of a resonance system where the mass block is located.
Furthermore, a push-pull rod is fixedly arranged on the upper frame plate along the vertical direction, and the lower end of the push-pull rod is connected with an output rod of a piston cylinder fixedly arranged on the lower frame plate.
Furthermore, the hammer head excitation device comprises a compound gear A, a compound gear B, a reversing compound gear, a transmission chain and a swing rod motor, wherein the compound gear A is rotationally arranged on the upper frame plate and is formed by coaxially fixedly connecting an incomplete gear A and a chain wheel A, the compound gear B is formed by coaxially fixedly connecting an incomplete gear B and a cylindrical gear B, the reversing compound gear is formed by coaxially fixedly connecting a chain wheel B and a cylindrical gear A, the transmission chain is connected with the chain wheel A and the chain wheel B, and the swing rod motor drives the compound gear A to rotate; the incomplete gear A and the incomplete gear B are externally meshed with the two driving gears respectively, and the cylindrical gear A is externally meshed with the cylindrical gear B.
Further, axial locking device is including arranging in the axial locking dish of forging blank up end, one end with axial locking dish is connected, the other end with the elastic telescopic rod that the upper ledge plate is connected, fixed mounting is in the winding motor on the upper ledge plate installs the reel on the winding motor output shaft to and one end winding on the reel, the other end with elastic telescopic rod links to each other and is used for adjusting the haulage rope of elastic telescopic rod length.
Further, the elastic telescopic rod comprises an axial locking spring, a lifting rod and a sleeve B, the upper end of the sleeve B is fixedly connected with the upper frame plate, the lower end of the sleeve B slides and is rotatably sleeved on the lifting rod, the lower end of the lifting rod is fixedly connected with the axial locking disc, and two ends of the axial locking spring are respectively connected with the upper frame plate and the lifting rod.
Furthermore, a blank rotating motor for driving the rotating platform to rotate is further arranged on the lower frame plate.
Further, the rigidity of the hammer head locking spring is not less than ten times of the rigidity of the resonance spring.
Further, the slip telescopic link comprises slide bar A and sleeve A, sleeve A one end is fixed to be installed on the quasi-static base, and the other end slip suit is in on the slide bar A, keep away from on the slide bar A sleeve A's one end is fixed to be installed on the resonance hammer head.
Furthermore, the pendulum of the pendulum rodThe dynamic frequency omega and the natural vibration frequency omega of the system of the resonance system of the mass block n The ratio λ satisfies the relation: 0.7<λ<1.4。
In another aspect of the invention, the resonant forging machine is applied to forging of products including, but not limited to, flange forgings, tube sheet forgings, and cylinder forgings.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: the resonance type radial forging machine is provided with the axial locking device and the rotating platform, and the blank rotating motor rotates to drive the forging blank to rotate, so that radial forging is applied to the forging blank at different circumferential positions, and the circumferential uniformity of the radial forging of the forging blank is improved; the output rod of the piston cylinder drives the push-pull rod to move up and down, and further drives the upper frame plate and the two hammer head resonance devices to move up and down, so that radial forging is applied to the forging blank at different height positions, and the axial uniformity of the radial forging of the forging blank is improved; in addition, the invention drives the oscillating bar and the pendulum bob to move upwards to store potential energy by arranging the incomplete gear A and the incomplete gear B, and the oscillating bar and the pendulum bob move downwards to freely release the potential energy, so that excitation acting force is applied to the mass block, and the oscillating frequency of the oscillating bar and the pendulum bob is positioned in the resonance frequency band of the resonance system of the mass block, so that the acting force of the pendulum bob is applied to the forging blank through the resonance hammer after being amplified by multiple times, and the radial acting force on the forging blank is obviously improved. Therefore, the resonance type radial forging machine has the advantages of reasonable structure, capability of obviously improving the radial forging acting force by utilizing the resonance effect, capability of obviously improving the circumferential and axial forging uniformity of the forging blank and high-quality forging effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of a resonant radial forging machine of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of I in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic view of II in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of the lift guide bar and push-pull bar of the present invention on the lower shelf.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the connection relationship between the lift guide rod and the push-pull rod of the present invention and the upper and lower frame plates.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the drive connection of compound gear A, compound gear B and the reversing compound gear of the present invention.
In the figure, 10 — the billet rotation motor; 11-lower shelf board; 110-platform counter bore; 12-a rotating platform; 13-upper frame plate; 14-lifting guide rod; 2, forging blank; 3-hammer resonance device; 31-a drive gear; 32-swing rod; 33-a pendulum bob; 34-a mass block; 35-a resonant spring; 36-a quasi-static base; 37-resonant hammer head; 38-sliding telescopic rod; 381-sleeve a; 382-sliding bar a; 39-hammer head locking spring; 41-incomplete gear a; 42-sprocket A; 43-incomplete gear B; 44-cylindrical gear B; 45-reversing compound gear; 51-axial locking disc; 52-elastic telescopic rod; 521-an axial locking spring; 522-lifting rod; 523-sleeve B; 53-reel; 54-a hauling cable; 60-a boom; 61-radial guide; 62-slide a; 63-slide block B; 71-a push-pull rod; 72-piston cylinder.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the resonant radial forging machine of the present invention comprises a lower frame plate 11, an upper frame plate 13 and a lifting guide bar 14, wherein the upper frame plate 13 is arranged above the lower frame plate 11 in parallel with the lower frame plate 11; the two lifting guide rods 14 are arranged along the vertical direction, the upper ends of the two lifting guide rods are fixedly connected to the upper frame plate 13, and the lower ends of the two lifting guide rods slide through the lower frame plate 11 to ensure that the upper frame plate 13 vertically moves up and down relative to the lower frame plate 11. The lower frame plate 11 is provided with a platform counter bore 110 for accommodating the rotating platform 12, the inner diameter of the platform counter bore 110 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rotating platform 12, and the depth of the platform counter bore 110 is smaller than the axial length of the rotating platform 12, so that after the forging blank 2 is placed on the rotating platform 12, the lower bottom surface of the forging blank 2 is higher than the top surface of the lower frame plate 11, and the forging blank 2 can be radially forged at any height position. The upper frame plate 13 is provided with a hammer head exciting device, an axial locking device for locking the rotating platform 12 and the forging blank 2 to rotate together, and two hammer head resonance devices 3 which are symmetrical about the axis of the rotating platform 12. The two hammer head resonance devices 3 are used for generating hammer head acting force in a resonance amplification mode, so that the two resonance hammer heads 37 move oppositely along the same radial direction to improve the radial forging acting force and acting force synchronism of the forging blank 2, and further improve the radial forging effect; the hammer excitation device provides a periodic excitation effect for the two hammer resonance devices 3, and the axial locking device can press the forging blank 2 along the axial direction of the forging blank 2, so that the friction force between the forging blank 2 and the rotating platform 12 is increased, and the relative sliding between the forging blank 2 and the rotating platform 12 is avoided when the rotating platform 12 rotates.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the two hammer head resonance devices 3 have the same structure, and each of them includes a driving gear 31 rotatably mounted on the upper frame plate 13, a swing link 32 having one end fixedly connected to the driving gear 31, a pendulum 33 fixedly mounted on the other end of the swing link 32, and a vibration hammering assembly slidably mounted along the radial direction of the rotary platform 12; the vibration forging component comprises a resonance hammer 37, a sliding telescopic rod 38 with variable length, a quasi-static base 36 and a mass block 34 which are sequentially arranged in a sliding manner along the radial centrifugal direction of the rotating platform 12; two ends of the sliding telescopic rod 38 are respectively connected with the resonant hammer 37 and the quasi-static base 36; the hammer head locking spring 39 is sleeved on the sliding telescopic rod 38, and two ends of the hammer head locking spring are respectively connected with the quasi-static base 36 and the resonance hammer head 37; a resonant spring 35 is mounted between the mass 34 and the quasi-static base 36. When the pendulum 33 strikes the mass block 34, the acting force of the pendulum 33 on the mass block 34 is amplified by a resonance system consisting of the mass block 34, the resonance spring 35 and the quasi-static base 36, and then is transmitted to the forging blank 2 through the hammer head locking spring 39 and the resonance hammer head 37 in sequence, so that the forging blank 2 is radially forged. The upper frame plate 13 is also provided with two suspension rods 60 along the vertical direction, the lower ends of the two suspension rods 60 are respectively provided with a radial guide rail 61 along the radial direction of the rotating platform 12, and the two radial guide rails 61 are respectively positioned right below the two hammer head resonance devices 3; the two radial guide rails 61 are respectively provided with a sliding block A62 and a sliding block B63 in a sliding manner, the two sliding blocks A62 are respectively and fixedly connected with the corresponding mass blocks 34, and the two sliding blocks B63 are respectively and fixedly connected with the corresponding quasi-static bases 36. In order to limit the movement of the quasi-static base 36 away from the forging blank 2, a limit block may be mounted on the radial guide rails 61, so that the quasi-static base 36 moves less during the vibration of the mass 34. When the driving gear 31 on the left side rotates clockwise in fig. 1 and the driving gear 31 in the hammer resonance device 3 on the right side rotates counterclockwise, the two swing rods 32 drive the corresponding pendulum bob 33 to rotate from bottom to top, so as to increase the gravitational potential energy of the pendulum bob 33; when the driving gear 31 in the left hammer head resonance device 3 rotates counterclockwise in fig. 1 and the driving gear 31 in the right hammer head resonance device 3 rotates clockwise, the two swing rods 32 drive the corresponding pendulum bob 33 to rotate from top to bottom, thereby releasing the gravitational potential energy of the pendulum bob 33. When the two pendulums 33 are in the gravitational potential energy minimum position, the two pendulums 33 can strike the mass 34, thereby increasing the excitation force for the radial vibration of the mass 34 along the forging blank 2. In specific implementation, in order to improve the exciting force effect of the two pendulums 33, a torsion spring (not shown in the figure) may be installed between the swing link 32 and the upper frame plate 13, and when the swing link 32 rotates upward around the upper end point, the torsion spring is twisted and deformed, so that when the swing link 32 rotates downward, the gravitational potential energy of the pendulum 33 and the elastic potential energy of the torsion spring are both converted into the exciting force of the mass block 34. The swing angle of the two swing rods 32 from bottom to top cannot exceed 180 degrees, and the swing angle theta of the swing rods 32 meets the condition of 90 degrees < theta <180 degrees in specific implementation.
The hammer head exciting device is used for enabling the two swing rods 32 to synchronously and reversely swing to store and release potential energy of the swing weights 33, and the swing frequency omega of the control swing rods 32 is located in a resonance frequency band of a resonance system of the mass block 34.
Referring to fig. 1, 4 and 5, preferably, a push-pull rod 71 is fixedly mounted on the upper frame plate 13 along the vertical direction, and the lower end of the push-pull rod 71 is connected with an output rod of a piston cylinder 72 fixedly mounted on the lower frame plate 11. In order to improve the stability of the lifting motion of the upper frame plate 13, the center points of the two lifting guide rods 14 and the push-pull rod 71 projected to the lower frame plate 11 are exactly located on the same circumference, and the center point of the circumference is close to the axis position of the rotating shaft of the rotating platform 12. In specific implementation, the two lifting guide rods 14 and the push-pull rod 71 are uniformly distributed along the same circumference. When the output rod of the piston cylinder 72 extends outwards, the push-pull rod 71 pushes the upper frame plate 13 upwards to ascend, so that the two hammer head resonance devices 3 are driven to ascend, and the action positions of the resonance hammer heads 37 on the radial action force of the forging blank 2 move upwards; when the output rod of the piston cylinder 72 retracts inwards, the push-pull rod 71 pulls the upper frame plate 13 downwards to descend, so that the two hammer head resonance devices 3 are driven to descend, and the action positions of the resonance hammer heads 37 on the radial action force of the forging blank 2 move downwards.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 6, the hammer head exciting device comprises a compound gear a which is rotatably mounted on the upper frame plate 13 and is formed by coaxially fixedly connecting an incomplete gear a41 and a chain wheel a42, a compound gear B which is formed by coaxially fixedly connecting an incomplete gear B43 and a cylindrical gear B44, a reversing compound gear 45 which is formed by coaxially fixedly connecting a chain wheel B and a cylindrical gear a, a transmission chain which connects the chain wheel a42 and the chain wheel B, and a swing rod motor (not shown in the figure) which drives the compound gear a to rotate; the incomplete gear A41 and the incomplete gear B43 are externally meshed with the two driving gears 31 respectively, and the cylindrical gear A is externally meshed with the cylindrical gear B44. In order to ensure the synchronous movement of the two swing rods 32 and the pendulum 33, the structure size of the incomplete gear A41 and the structure size of the incomplete gear B43 are completely the same, the structure size of the chain wheel A42 and the structure size of the chain wheel B in the reversing compound gear 45 are completely the same, and the structure size of the cylindrical gear A in the reversing compound gear 45 and the structure size of the cylindrical gear B44 are completely the same. The swing rod motor can directly drive the compound gear A to rotate and can also indirectly drive the compound gear A to rotate. In specific implementation, one of the compound gear a, the compound gear B and the reversing compound gear 45 may be in transmission connection with an output shaft of a swing link motor, and the output shaft of the swing link motor passes through a rolling bearing and is mounted on the upper frame plate 13. The incomplete gear A41 and the incomplete gear B43 have equal meshing tooth arc length and equal toothless arc length, and when the incomplete gear A41 and the incomplete gear B43 are in meshing transmission with the corresponding driving gear 31, the upward rotation angle of the swing rod 32 does not exceed 180 degrees; when the incomplete gear A41 and the incomplete gear B43 are not meshed with the corresponding driving gear 31, the swing rod 32 swings downwards under the action of gravitational potential energy and elastic potential energy, and the swing acceleration is gradually increased. In specific implementation, the incomplete gear A41The central angle corresponding to the arc length of no tooth in the incomplete gear B43 is larger than the central angle corresponding to the arc length of the engaged tooth, so that in the process of one rotation of the incomplete gear A41 and the incomplete gear B43, two swing rods 32 only swing upwards once, namely the swing period and the swing frequency of the swing rods 32 are completely controlled by the rotation period and the rotation frequency of the incomplete gear A41 and the incomplete gear B43, and thus, the swing frequency omega of the swing rods 32 is easily controlled to be close to the natural vibration frequency omega of the system of the resonance system where the mass block 34 is located by adjusting the rotation speed of a swing rod motor n That is, the swing frequency ω of the control swing lever 32 is located in the resonance frequency band of the resonance system.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the axial locking device preferably includes an axial locking disk 51 disposed on the upper end surface of the forging blank 2, an elastic expansion rod 52 having one end connected to the axial locking disk 51 and the other end connected to the upper frame plate 13, a winding motor (not shown) fixedly mounted on the upper frame plate 13, a winding reel 53 mounted on the output shaft of the winding motor, and a pulling rope 54 having one end wound on the winding reel 53 and the other end connected to the elastic expansion rod 52 for adjusting the length of the elastic expansion rod 52. When the forging blank 2 needs to be placed on the rotating platform 12 or the forging blank 2 needs to be taken away from the rotating platform 12, the winding motor drives the winding wheel 53 to wind the traction rope 54, so that the length of the elastic telescopic rod 52 is shortened, and the axial locking disc 51 moves upwards to be far away from the upper end face of the forging blank 2; when the forging blank 2 needs to be radially forged, the winding motor drives the winding wheel 53 to release the traction rope 54, the length of the elastic telescopic rod 52 is increased under the action of the elasticity of the elastic telescopic rod, namely, the axial locking disc 51 moves downwards to press the upper end face of the forging blank 2, so that the friction force between the forging blank 2 and the rotating platform 12 is increased, and the forging blank 2 rotates along with the rotating platform 12.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, preferably, the elastic telescopic rod 52 includes an axial locking spring 521, a lifting rod 522 and a sleeve B523, the upper end of the sleeve B523 is fixedly connected to the upper frame plate 13, the lower end thereof is slidably and rotatably sleeved on the lifting rod 522, the lower end of the lifting rod 522 is fixedly connected to the axial locking disk 51, the upper end of the axial locking spring 521 is fixedly connected to the upper frame plate 13, and the lower end thereof is rotatably connected to the lifting rod 522. When the lifting rod 522 is slidably and rotatably connected to the sleeve B523, one embodiment that can be adopted is as follows: the upper end of the lifting rod 522 is provided with a rolling bearing which is arranged in a shaft sleeve, the outside of the shaft sleeve is provided with a linear bearing, and a sleeve B523 is sleeved on the linear bearing. The upper end of the traction rope 54 is connected with the reel 53, the lower end of the traction rope passes through the sleeve B523 and is connected with the lifting rod 522, in order to prevent the traction rope 54 from generating torsional deformation in the rotation process of the lifting rod 522 along with the forging blank 2, a ball hole for accommodating a ball is formed in the upper end of the lifting rod 522, the lower end of the traction rope 54 is connected with the ball, and the ball is placed in the ball hole.
Preferably, the lower frame plate 11 is further provided with a blank rotating motor 10 for driving the rotating platform 12 to rotate. The center of the platform counter bore 110 of the lower frame plate 11 is provided with a bearing hole, a rolling bearing is arranged in the bearing hole, the rolling bearing is sleeved on an output shaft of the blank rotating motor 10, and the blank rotating motor 10 is fixed at the bottom of the lower frame plate 11. When the forging blank 2 is forged in the radial direction, the output shaft of the blank rotating motor 10 drives the rotating platform 12 to rotate, and then the forging blank 2 compressed by the axial locking disk 51 is driven to rotate, so that the forging of different circumferential positions of the forging blank 2 by the resonant hammer 37 is realized.
Preferably, the stiffness of the hammer head locking spring 39 is not less than ten times the stiffness of the resonant spring 35, so that the system natural vibration frequency ω of the resonant system in which the mass 34 is located is set to be the system natural vibration frequency ω n Is determined by the rigidity of the resonance spring 35 and is not influenced by the rigidity of the hammer head locking spring 39. The hammer locking spring 39 is arranged, so that the resonant hammer 37 can always touch the circumferential surface of the forging blank 2 in the radial forging process of the forging blank 2, and the mass block 34 can move very little in the vibration process of the quasi-static base 36, namely the displacement of the quasi-static base 36 relative to the displacement of the mass block 34 can be completely ignored. If the mass of the mass 34 is m and the stiffness of the resonant spring 35 is k, the natural frequency of the system of the resonant system in which the mass 34 is located is set to be m
Preferably, the sliding telescopic rod 38 is composed of a sliding rod a382 and a sleeve a381, one end of the sleeve a381 is fixedly installed on the quasi-static base 36, the other end is slidably sleeved on the sliding rod a382, and one end of the sliding rod a382 far from the sleeve a381 is fixedly installed on the resonant hammer head 37.
Preferably, the oscillating frequency ω of the oscillating rod 32 and the system natural frequency ω of the resonant system of the mass 34 are n The ratio λ satisfies the relation: 0.7<λ<1.4. The swing link motor rotates n circles per minute, namely the angular speed of the swing link motor is n pi/30, and the swing link 32 swings upwards only once in the process of one circle of rotation of the swing link motor, so the swing frequency omega of the swing link 32 is equal to the angular speed n pi/30 of the swing link motor, namely omega is n pi/30. 0.7 when the mass 34 resonates<ω/ω n <1.4, therefore, the rotating speed n of the swing rod motor satisfies the relation:
in specific implementation, the swing rod motor adopts a high-power stepping motor, and resonance of the mass block 34 can be easily realized by controlling the rotating speed of the stepping motor. Let F be the force of the pendulum 33 acting on the mass 34 0 According to the theory of vibration mechanics, when the mass 34 resonates, the quasi-static base 36 receives an amplification factor of the acting force
I.e. the quasi-static base 36 is subjected to a force β F 0 . Wherein the frequency ratio λ ═ ω/ω n And xi is the damping ratio of the resonance system where the mass block is located, and is usually far less than 1 and can be ignored. The acting force applied to the quasi-static base 36 is transmitted to the resonant hammer 37 through the hammer locking spring 39 and further applied to the forging blank 2 in the radial direction. Thus, the forging blank 2 is subjected to a radial forging force β F 0 Due to beta>1, the invention realizes the resonance amplification effect of the radial forging force of the forging blank 2. When λ is 1.1, for the case where damping is negligible, i.e., ξ is 0 and β is 4.76; for the case where the damping is small but not negligible, e.g., 0.1 <1, β 3.29. Thus, radial guides 61 and sliders are providedA62 and a slide block B63 can reduce the damping of the system, and further improve the acting force amplification factor beta.
After the resonance type radial forging machine is applied to radial forging of cylindrical blanks, corresponding forged pieces, such as flange forged pieces, tube plate forged pieces and oil cylinder forged pieces, can be obtained.
The working process of the invention is as follows: firstly, a forging blank 2 is placed on a rotating platform 12; then, the winding motor drives the winding wheel 53 to rotate to release the traction rope 54, the length of the elastic expansion rod 52 is increased, and the axial locking disc 51 moves downwards to press the upper end face of the forging blank 2; then the hammer head excitation device works, the swing rod motor continuously and positively rotates to drive the compound gear A to rotate anticlockwise and the compound gear B to rotate clockwise, the driving gear 31 meshed with the incomplete gear A41 in the compound gear A rotates clockwise, and the driving gear 31 meshed with the incomplete gear B43 rotates anticlockwise, so that the two swing rods 32 are driven to rotate from bottom to top. Namely, for the hammer head resonance device 3 on the left side, the swing rod 32 and the pendulum bob 33 therein rotate clockwise; for the hammer head resonance device 3 on the right side, the swing rod 32 and the pendulum bob 33 rotate anticlockwise; when the incomplete gear A41 and the incomplete gear B43 are just disengaged from the corresponding driving gear 31, the pendulum bob 33 is just positioned at the gravitational potential energy highest position; then, because the incomplete gear A41 and the incomplete gear B43 are disengaged from the corresponding driving gear 31, the pendulum 33 rotates reversely under the action of gravitational potential energy and the elastic potential energy of the torsion spring, namely, the left pendulum rod 32 and the pendulum 33 rotate anticlockwise until hitting on the left mass 34, and the right pendulum rod 32 and the pendulum 33 rotate clockwise until hitting on the right mass 34, so that the two masses 34 are triggered to vibrate along the radial direction of the forging blank 2. During the radial vibration, the quasi-static base 36, the sliding telescopic rod 38 and the resonant hammer 37 can be regarded as a temporary rigid body for transmitting dynamic acting force. In the process of radial forging of the forging blank 2, the blank rotating motor 10 works to drive the forging blank 2 to rotate, so that radial forging at different circumferential positions of the forging blank 2 is realized; the piston cylinder 72 works, and the output rod is extended outwards or shortened inwards to drive the upper frame plate 13 and the two hammer head resonance devices 3 arranged on the upper frame plate 13 to move up and down, so that radial forging of the forging blank 2 at different height positions is realized.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not thought of through the inventive work should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A resonance type radial forging machine comprises a lower frame plate (11), an upper frame plate (13) which can be lifted and arranged in parallel to the lower frame plate (11), and two lifting guide rods (14) which are fixedly arranged on the upper frame plate (13); the method is characterized in that:
a platform counter bore (110) is formed in the lower frame plate (11), a rotating platform (12) is installed in the platform counter bore (110), a hammer head exciting device, an axial locking device for locking the rotating platform (12) and a forging blank (2) together to rotate and two hammer head resonance devices (3) which are symmetrical about the axis of the rotating platform (12) are installed on the upper frame plate (13);
the two hammer head resonance devices (3) have the same structure and respectively comprise a driving gear (31) rotatably arranged on the upper frame plate (13), a swing rod (32) with one end fixedly connected with the driving gear (31), a pendulum bob (33) fixedly arranged on the other end of the swing rod (32) and a vibration forging assembly arranged along the radial direction of the rotating platform (12) in a sliding manner; the vibration forging assembly comprises a resonance hammer head (37), a sliding telescopic rod (38), a hammer head locking spring (39), a quasi-static base (36) and a mass block (34) which are sequentially arranged; two ends of the sliding telescopic rod (38) are respectively connected with the resonance hammer head (37) and the quasi-static base (36), the hammer head locking spring (39) is sleeved on the sliding telescopic rod (38), and two ends of the sliding telescopic rod are respectively connected with the quasi-static base (36) and the resonance hammer head (37); the mass block (34) is connected with the quasi-static base (36) through a resonance spring (35); when the pendulum bob (33) strikes the mass block (34), the acting force of the pendulum bob (33) on the mass block (34) is amplified through a resonance system consisting of the mass block (34), the resonance spring (35) and the quasi-static base (36), and then is transmitted to the forging blank (2) through the hammer head locking spring (39) and the resonance hammer head (37) in sequence, so that the forging blank (2) is radially forged;
the hammer head excitation device is used for synchronously and reversely swinging the two swing rods (32) to store and release potential energy of the pendulum bob (33), and the swinging frequency omega of the swing rods (32) is controlled to be positioned in a resonant frequency band of a resonant system of the mass block (34).
2. A resonant radial forging machine according to claim 1, wherein: and a push-pull rod (71) is fixedly arranged on the upper frame plate (13) along the vertical direction, and the lower end of the push-pull rod (71) is connected with an output rod of a piston cylinder (72) fixedly arranged on the lower frame plate (11).
3. A resonant radial forging machine according to claim 1, wherein: the hammer head excitation device comprises a compound gear A, a compound gear B, a reversing compound gear (45), a transmission chain and a swing rod motor, wherein the compound gear A is rotationally arranged on the upper frame plate (13) and is formed by coaxially and fixedly connecting an incomplete gear A (41) and a chain wheel A (42), the compound gear B is formed by coaxially and fixedly connecting an incomplete gear B (43) and a cylindrical gear B (44), the reversing compound gear (45) is formed by coaxially and fixedly connecting the chain wheel B and the cylindrical gear A, the transmission chain is connected with the chain wheel A (42) and the chain wheel B, and the swing rod motor drives the compound gear A to rotate; the incomplete gear A (41) and the incomplete gear B (43) are externally meshed with the two driving gears (31) respectively, and the cylindrical gear A is externally meshed with the cylindrical gear B (44).
4. A resonant radial forging machine according to claim 1, wherein: axial locking device is including arranging in axial locking dish (51) of forging blank (2) up end, one end with axial locking dish (51) is connected, the other end with elastic telescopic rod (52) that upper ledge board (13) are connected, fixed mounting is in winding motor on upper ledge board (13) installs reel (53) on the winding motor output shaft to and one end winding on reel (53), the other end with elastic telescopic rod (52) link to each other and are used for adjusting haulage rope (54) of elastic telescopic rod (52) length.
5. A resonant radial forging machine according to claim 4, wherein: elastic expansion rod (52) include axial locking spring (521), lifter (522) and sleeve B (523), the upper end of sleeve B (523) with last frame plate (13) are fixed to be linked to each other, and its lower extreme slides and rotates the suit on lifter (522), the lower extreme of lifter (522) with axial locking dish (51) are fixed to be linked to each other, the both ends of axial locking spring (521) respectively with last frame plate (13) and lifter (522) link to each other.
6. A resonant radial forging machine according to claim 1, wherein: and the lower frame plate (11) is also provided with a blank rotating motor (10) for driving the rotating platform (12) to rotate.
7. A resonant radial forging machine according to claim 1, wherein: the rigidity of the hammer head locking spring (39) is not less than ten times that of the resonance spring (35).
8. A resonant radial forging machine according to claim 1, wherein: sliding telescopic link (38) comprise slip pole A (382) and sleeve A (381), sleeve A (381) one end is fixed to be installed on quasi-static base (36), the suit is slided to the other end on slip pole A (382), keep away from on slip pole A (382) sleeve A (381) one end is fixed to be installed on resonance tup (37).
9. A resonant radial forging machine according to claim 1, wherein: the swing frequency omega of the swing rod (32) and the system natural vibration frequency omega of the resonance system where the mass block (34) is located n The ratio λ satisfies the relation: 0.7<λ<1.4。
10. A forging application, characterized by: use of the resonant radial forging machine of any of claims 1-9 in product forging.
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| CN114850372A (en) | 2022-08-05 |
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