CN114849918A - Induction type electrostatic atomization device and aircraft - Google Patents
Induction type electrostatic atomization device and aircraft Download PDFInfo
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- CN114849918A CN114849918A CN202210502010.XA CN202210502010A CN114849918A CN 114849918 A CN114849918 A CN 114849918A CN 202210502010 A CN202210502010 A CN 202210502010A CN 114849918 A CN114849918 A CN 114849918A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B64D1/00—Dropping, ejecting, releasing, or receiving articles, liquids, or the like, in flight
- B64D1/16—Dropping or releasing powdered, liquid, or gaseous matter, e.g. for fire-fighting
- B64D1/18—Dropping or releasing powdered, liquid, or gaseous matter, e.g. for fire-fighting by spraying, e.g. insecticides
Abstract
The invention provides an induction type electrostatic atomization device and an unmanned aerial vehicle, wherein the induction type electrostatic atomization device comprises a power supply module and a control module; at least one pair of electrostatic generators electrically connected with the control module; the spraying devices comprise spray heads with spray disks and induction rings arranged outside the spray disks in a surrounding manner, the induction rings are respectively and electrically connected with the electrostatic generators, and the control module periodically outputs control signals for controlling the electrostatic generators to output voltages with opposite polarities to each other to the electrostatic generators; the control signal forms a high voltage output duration that maintains the electrostatic generator continuously outputting the high voltage, and controls the electrostatic generator to switch to a voltage switching duration of opposite polarity, the high voltage output duration being greater than the voltage switching duration. The electrostatic atomization device avoids the change of an induction electric field of the electrostatic atomization device, and ensures the charged effect of the fog drops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spraying equipment, in particular to an induction type electrostatic atomization device and an aircraft.
Background
Most of electrostatic spraying devices in the prior art are in contact type charging, a high-voltage electrostatic generator is directly connected with liquid medicine or a metal spray head in a medicine box, the requirement on the insulation performance of the whole system is very high, and the electrostatic spraying device is not suitable for being used in an aviation plant protection system. The corona type charging adopts the principle of point discharge, so that the fog drops sprayed from the spray head are combined with ions in the air, the charge is carried, the required voltage is very high, generally more than twenty thousand volts, the charging effect is not good, and the corona type charging is not suitable for being used in an aviation plant protection system. In addition, the existing electrostatic spraying devices are mainly contact type electrostatic induction pressure nozzles, which have high requirements on structures, and the electrostatic spraying technology for centrifugal nozzles is very few. Especially, the frame of unmanned aerial vehicle is connected to the negative pole of the high voltage static generator among the electrostatic spraying device among the prior art to lead to the frame to accumulate electric charge gradually, there is the defect that the electric charge effect is not good and lead to the potential harm to unmanned aerial vehicle because of the electric charge accumulation from this.
Chinese patent publication No. CN112572803A discloses an electrostatic spraying device and system for aviation. In the prior art, when two aviation electrostatic generators output voltages with opposite polarities (no periodic phase change exists in the patent), the field strength is sharply reduced after the voltage is applied after a certain magnitude is maintained along with the time, so that the charging effect is influenced.
In view of the above, there is a need to improve the electrostatic atomization technique in the prior art to solve the above problems.
Summary of the invention needs to be modified
The present invention is directed to an induction type electrostatic atomizer and an aircraft including the same, which are used to overcome the above technical defects of the electrostatic atomizer in the prior art, and in particular, to ensure that the variation of the induction field strength of the electrostatic atomizer is improved in the electrostatic atomization system composed of paired electrostatic generators, thereby improving the electrostatic atomization effect.
In order to achieve one of the above objects, the present invention provides an induction type electrostatic atomization apparatus, including:
the power supply module and the control module;
at least one pair of electrostatic generators electrically connected to the control module;
the spraying devices are matched with the electrostatic generators in number and comprise spray heads with spray disks and induction rings arranged outside the spray disks in a surrounding mode, the induction rings are respectively and electrically connected with the electrostatic generators, and the control module periodically outputs control signals for controlling the electrostatic generators to output voltages with opposite polarities to the electrostatic generators;
the control signal forms a high voltage output duration that maintains a continuous output of a high voltage by an electrostatic generator and controls the electrostatic generator to switch to a voltage switching duration of opposite polarity, the high voltage output duration being greater than the voltage switching duration.
As a further improvement of the invention, the ratio of the high-voltage output duration to the voltage switching duration is 4:1 to 10: 1.
As a further development of the invention, the ratio of the high voltage output duration to the voltage switching duration is 17: 3.
As a further development of the invention, the voltage switching duration is greater than or equal to the relaxation time of the electrostatic generator.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the high voltage output duration and the voltage switching duration form a control period, and the control period is 4 seconds.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the control module includes:
the control circuit comprises a control signal generating module, a voltage dividing circuit, a first high-voltage output circuit and a second high-voltage output circuit, wherein the first high-voltage output circuit and the second high-voltage output circuit are connected between the control signal generating module and the voltage dividing circuit in parallel;
the first high-voltage output circuit consists of a high-voltage driving circuit, a transformer and a first multi-voltage circuit which are connected in series, the second high-voltage output circuit consists of a high-voltage driving circuit, a transformer and a second multi-voltage circuit which are connected in series, and the control signal generation module is connected with a timing circuit which generates periodic square wave signals so as to output periodic high-level and low-level signals and alternately output high voltage and low voltage through the first high-voltage output circuit and the second high-voltage output circuit periodically.
As a further improvement of the present invention,
the circumferential length of the induction ring can be adjusted,
and/or
The distance between the induction ring and the spray plate in the vertical direction is adjustable.
As a further improvement of the invention, the output voltage of the electrostatic generator is configured according to the distance between the induction ring and the spray disk.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the induction ring is made of a flexible material, the curvature of the induction ring increases or decreases in the process that the induction ring approaches or departs from the central axis of the spray plate along with the suspension arm along the horizontal direction, and the cantilevers extending transversely of the transverse support are arranged in an axisymmetric manner relative to the spray head.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also discloses an aircraft, comprising:
the invention also provides a frame with a power mechanism, wherein the frame is provided with the induction type electrostatic atomization device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the voltage switching duration is periodically set to drive away the charges adsorbed on the induction ring, so that the strong induction electric field is generated and the adsorbed heterogeneous charges are driven away, the reduction of the induction electric field intensity is avoided, and the charge effect of the induction type electrostatic atomization device is ensured;
secondly, the induction ring made of the flexible ring body is adopted, so that the flexible adjustment of the induction ring is realized, the adaptive matching of the output voltage of the electrostatic generator is matched, the strength of an induction electric field is ensured, and the integral atomization effect of the induction type electrostatic atomization device is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of an induction type electrostatic atomizing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a spraying device included in an induction type electrostatic atomizer according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the sprinkler, wherein the dotted line is the induction ring with the adjustable circumferential length and the enlarged circumference;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the distribution of the simulated field intensity amplitude of the electrostatic field during the electrostatic spraying process of the spraying device;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the electric field intensity formed by the absence of interference of negatively charged droplets near the induction ring where the spraying device is connected to a high voltage, where the ordinate is the electric field intensity and the abscissa is the vertical distance formed by the edge of the spray plate 11 along the vertical direction relative to the induction ring;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the electric field intensity formed by the interference of negatively charged droplets near the induction ring where the spraying device is connected to a high voltage, wherein the ordinate is the electric field intensity and the abscissa is the vertical distance formed by the edge of the spray plate 11 along the vertical direction relative to the induction ring;
FIG. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power module and a control module;
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of the power module of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of the control signal generation module of FIG. 7;
FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram of MOS transistor Q4 electrically connected to the HO pin of isolated gate driver U4;
fig. 11 is a circuit diagram of a MOS transistor Q5 electrically connected to the LO pin of the isolated gate driver U4;
FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram of the transformer of FIG. 7;
FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram of a timing circuit for generating a periodic square wave signal;
FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram of a voltage conversion circuit connected to a control signal generation block, converting 5VDC to 15VDC while isolating the control signal generation block 5VDC output;
FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram of a voltage conversion circuit connected to a control signal generation block, converting 5VDC to 15VDC while isolating the control signal generation block 5VDC output;
fig. 16 is a circuit diagram of the first voltage multiplier circuit of fig. 7 outputting a target positive high voltage;
fig. 17 is a circuit diagram of a second voltage multiplier circuit of fig. 7 outputting a target negative high voltage;
FIG. 18 is a graph of voltage output of a pair of electrostatic generators as controlled by the control module for at least one control period T.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but it should be understood that these embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that functional, methodological, or structural equivalents or substitutions made by these embodiments are within the scope of the present invention. The induction type electrostatic atomization device 100 and the aircraft (such as a rotorcraft) including the induction type electrostatic atomization device 100 disclosed in the embodiments of the present application are intended to perform a spraying operation on a spraying object (such as a crop), and the spraying operation includes a spraying operation of any one of a pesticide, water, a nutrient solution, and the like.
Research shows that in the aviation electrostatic spraying device and system in the prior art, when two aviation electrostatic generators output voltages with opposite positive/negative poles, accumulation of droplets with different charges can be attracted on an induction ring connected with the electrostatic generators along with the lapse of time, so that the induction electric field intensity is reduced, the whole charging effect is poor, and even charge accumulation can be caused to cause hidden troubles to a machine body. In this embodiment, in order to solve the problem that the field intensity of the induced electric field is reduced due to the accumulation of the droplets with different charges on the induction ring 33, the charges accumulated on the induction ring 33 are eliminated by the circuit control method, so as to ensure the intensity of the induced electric field generated by the induction ring, and the whole charging effect is not affected, so that the structural improvement cost is reduced, and the atomization effect is ensured.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment first discloses an inductive electrostatic atomization apparatus 100, which includes: the power supply module 40 is electrically connected with the control module 50 of the power supply module 40; at least one pair of electrostatic generators 61,62 electrically connected to the control module 50, and a number of pairs of sprinklers 1 matching the number of electrostatic generators. The spraying device 1 comprises a spray head 10 with a spray plate 11 and an induction ring 33 which is arranged outside the spray plate 11 in a surrounding manner along the vertical direction; and optionally the induction ring 33 is enclosed and arranged above the outer side of the spray plate 11 along the vertical direction. The inductive loop 33 is electrically connected to an electrostatic generator, i.e. the electrostatic generator 61 or the electrostatic generator 62, respectively, and the control module 50 periodically outputs a control signal to each pair of electrostatic generators to control each pair of electrostatic generators to output voltages with opposite polarities. Wherein the control signal forms a high voltage output duration that keeps the electrostatic generator 61,62 continuously outputting the high voltage, and controls the electrostatic generator 61,62 to switch to the voltage switching duration t2 with opposite polarity, the high voltage output duration t1 being greater than the voltage switching duration t 2. Illustratively, in the present embodiment, the ratio of the high voltage output duration t1 to the voltage switching duration t2 is 4:1 to 10:1, and further preferably the ratio of the high voltage output duration t1 to the voltage switching duration t2 is 17:3, and the sum of the voltage output duration t1 and the voltage switching duration t2 is 4 seconds.
As shown in fig. 18, the high voltage output duration in the present embodiment means that the left sprinkler 1 and the right sprinkler 1 in fig. 1 respectively show the durations of the target positive high voltage and the target negative high voltage. For example, when the electrostatic generator 61 to which the left-side sprinkler 1 is connected shows the target positive high voltage and after the high voltage output duration t1 (for example, 3.4 seconds), the electrostatic generator 62 to which the right-side sprinkler 1 is connected under the driving of the control signal outputs the target negative high voltage and also for the target negative high voltage output duration of 3.4 seconds. Thereafter, during the voltage switching duration t2(t2 ═ 0.6 seconds), the electrostatic generator 61 to which the left-hand sprinkler 1 is connected is controlled to switch from the target positive high voltage to the target negative high voltage, while the electrostatic generator 62 to which the right-hand sprinkler 1 is connected is controlled to switch from the target negative high voltage to the target positive high voltage. The aforementioned high voltage output duration T1 and voltage switching duration T2 of each electrostatic generator form one control cycle T, after which each electrostatic generator repeatedly executes the high voltage output duration T1 and voltage switching duration T2 within the aforementioned control cycle. Each sprinkler 1 is equal to a high voltage output duration T1 during one control period T during which the electrostatic generator 61 is kept continuously outputting a high voltage and a voltage switching duration T2 during which the electrostatic generator 61 is controlled to switch to a voltage of opposite polarity. In order to avoid the problem that the electric field intensity is reduced due to the fact that liquid drops of different charges are adsorbed on the induction rings 33 of the spraying device 1, the different charges accumulated on the corresponding induction rings 33 are driven away by periodically switching the positive/negative target high voltage and the negative/positive target high voltage with opposite polarities for each pair of the electrostatic generators, so that the induction electric field intensity is kept stable, and the problem that the electric charge effect is poor due to the fact that the electric field intensity of the induction electric field is reduced is avoided.
In order to improve the charging effect and avoid the influence on the electric field intensity caused by the overlong voltage switching duration T2, in the process of one control period T, the high-voltage output duration T1 is set to be longer than the voltage switching duration T2, so that the high-voltage output duration T1 is prolonged as far as possible, and the induced electric field intensity is ensured. Set up two sprinkler 1 simultaneously and connect the electrostatic generator respectively and carry out opposite polarity's high-voltage output, can make whole induction type electrostatic atomization device 100 whole produced electric charge keep the neutralization state in any moment, guaranteed induction type electrostatic atomization device 100's whole security, need not ground connection and also can realize safe spraying operation, even with induction type electrostatic atomization device 100 assemble carry out aerial operation on unmanned aerial vehicle and also can realize safe operation.
Meanwhile, continuously outputting the target positive high voltage (or continuously outputting the target negative high voltage) in one control period T also easily causes a problem that the subsequent voltage switching duration T2 also needs to be long due to excessive previously accumulated negative charge (or positive charge) in the switching process to the high voltage state with opposite polarity, and even causes a problem that the accumulated charge is too much to be completely driven away. Based on this, the control period T is configured to be ≦ the preset value, thereby avoiding the high voltage output duration T1 and the voltage switching duration T2 from being excessively long. Preferably, the control period T is 5s, 4.9s, 4.8s, 4.7s, 4.6s, 4.5s, 4.4s, 4.3s, 4.2s, 4.1s, 4s, 3.8s, 3.7s, 3.6s, 3.5s, etc., thereby limiting the duration of the control period T and increasing the switching frequency so as to completely drive off the charges and ensure the efficiency of driving off the charges.
In fig. 4, the simulated field intensity of the electrostatic field during the electrostatic spraying process performed by the spray disk 11 at the positive high voltage stage of the output target of the upper edge tip 11b and the lower edge tip 11a of the spray disk 11 and the induction ring 33 included in the left spraying device 1 is shown by combining fig. 5 and fig. 6, and as can be seen from the simulated field intensity of the electrostatic field in the electrostatic spraying process performed by the spray disk 11, the induced electric field intensity curve formed by the interference of the negatively charged droplets in the vicinity of the induction ring 33 where the spraying device 1 is connected to the high voltage in fig. 6 is steeper than the induced electric field intensity curve formed by the interference of the negatively charged droplets in the vicinity of the induction ring 33 where the spraying device 1 is connected to the high voltage in fig. 5, and the electric field intensity is also sharply reduced, which indicates the influence of the interference of the differently charged droplets on the induced electric field intensity.
Therefore, the polarity of the high voltage output by the induction type electrostatic atomization device 100 composed of two spraying devices 1 disclosed in this embodiment is always kept in an opposite state, and the high voltage output duration t1 is longer than the voltage switching duration t2, so that the heterogeneous charges adsorbed on the induction ring 33 can be removed, the problem of rapid reduction of the electric field strength and the problem of continuous polarization after the electric field strength is reduced are solved, meanwhile, the voltage switching duration t2 for removing the heterogeneous charges and the high voltage output duration t1 for applying the electric field are reasonably distributed, the effects of removing the electric field strength, the electric field duration and the heterogeneous charges are considered, and the problems that the induction type electrostatic atomization device in the prior art cannot completely remove the heterogeneous charges, the strength of the induction electric field is insufficient, and the electrostatic atomization efficiency is not high are solved.
Optionally, the voltage switching duration t2 is greater than or equal to the relaxation time of the electrostatic generators 61,62, where the relaxation time is related to the size of the energy storage capacitor and the voltage size, and is the time for the capacitor to realize the discharging and charging processes, and the voltage switching duration t2 is greater than or equal to the relaxation time, so as to ensure complete drive-off of the heterogeneous charges and avoid the influence of the continuous accumulation of the heterogeneous charges on the electric field strength. Further, the voltage switching duration t2 is greater than or equal to 0.5s, so as to realize that the switched target high voltage can be actually output and act on the induction loop 33 to drive away the adsorbed heterogeneous charges, thereby achieving the purpose of thoroughly driving away the heterogeneous charges generated in the last output target high voltage state (i.e. the target positive high voltage or the target negative high voltage).
In this embodiment, the polarities of the high voltages output by the two spraying devices 1 are always in an opposite state, and by adopting a technical scheme that the ratio of the high-voltage output duration time t1 to the voltage switching duration time t2 is 4:1 to 10:1, and further preferably, the ratio of the high-voltage output duration time t1 to the voltage switching duration time t2 is 17:3, the purpose of quickly and completely driving away the heterogeneous charges is achieved, unidirectional voltage polarization is avoided, and meanwhile, the electric field intensity can be ensured to maintain a high level.
Referring to fig. 7, the control module 50 includes: the control signal generating module 51, the voltage dividing circuit 58, and the first high voltage output circuit 501 and the second high voltage output circuit 502 connected in parallel between the control signal generating module 51 and the voltage dividing circuit 58. The first high voltage output circuit 501 is composed of a high voltage driving circuit 52, a transformer 53 and a first multi-voltage circuit 54 which are connected in series, the second high voltage output circuit 502 is composed of a high voltage driving circuit 55, a transformer 56 and a second multi-voltage circuit 57 which are connected in series, the control signal generating module 51 is connected with a timing circuit which generates periodic square wave signals so as to output periodic high level and low level signals, and periodically outputs high voltage (namely, target positive high voltage) and low voltage (namely, target negative high voltage) alternately through the first high voltage output circuit 501 and the second high voltage output circuit 502.
As shown in fig. 9, the control signal generating module 51 includes a gate driver IC (from the english-flying-bluff product) U4 with a model number of IR2153STRPBF and its peripheral circuits. P15V _ IN inputs 15VDC through two current limiting resistors R14 and R15, then a shunt capacitor C38 is connected to the VCC pin of gate driver ICU4 to supply power to U6, and P15V _ IN is also connected to Q4. The HO pin series resistor R15 of gate driver ICU4 is connected to Q4, and the LO pin series resistor R18 of gate driver ICU4 is connected to Q5. The timer U6 outputs a clock signal and connects the OUT pin of U6 to both the voltage conversion circuit including U8 shown in fig. 14 and the voltage conversion circuit including U9 shown in fig. 15, where U8 and U9 are NPN transistors and have a model BC 337.
The timing circuit consists of timer U6, model TLC555, shown in FIG. 13. Specifically, referring to fig. 14, the OUT pin of the timer U6 outputs a 5VDC Control signal and is connected to the resistor R20 and finally to the base B of U8, the collector C of U8 inputs 15VDC, and the emitter E series resistor R24 of U8 receives the N20K _ Control driving signal output by the Control signal generating module 51, thereby converting the 5VDC into 15VDC while isolating the 5VDC output terminal of the Control signal generating module 51 and outputting the N20K _ Control signal. Meanwhile, referring to fig. 15, the OUT pin of the timer U6 outputs a 5VDC Control signal and is connected to the resistor R21 and finally to the base B of the U9, the collector C of the U9 is connected to the resistor R26 and inputs 15VDC, the collector C of the U9 is connected to the resistor R25 and receives the N20K _ Control driving signal output by the Control signal generating module 51, so that the 5VDC is converted into 15VDC, the 5VDC output terminal of the Control signal generating module 51 is isolated, the Control signal of the P20K _ Control is output, and the P20K _ Control and the N20K _ Control are logic-opposite Control signals.
The input terminal on the left side of the first multi-voltage circuit 54 is connected to the pin G of Q4 in fig. 10 and the pin G of Q5 in fig. 11 through the transformer of fig. 12, alternately turned on by Q4 and Q5 to input 15VDC of one control period T, transformed by the subsequent transformer to be input to the left side of the first multi-voltage circuit 54, and a target positive voltage of +20 VDC on the right side of the first multi-voltage circuit 54 is output through the multi-voltage circuit. Similarly, the second voltage multiplying circuit 57 is connected to another group of Q4 of fig. 10 and Q5 of fig. 11 through another transformer, and inputs a period of 15VDC to another group of subsequent transformers and voltage multiplying circuits to output a target voltage of-20 kv VDC. Fig. 16 and 17 show the first and second multi-voltage circuits 54 and 57, respectively, and the left input terminals of the first and second multi-voltage circuits 54 and 57 are respectively connected to a group of Q4 and Q5 through transformers. The first and second voltage multiplying circuits 54 and 57 alternately output the target positive high voltage and the target negative high voltage with the clock signal formed of the periodic square wave signal, thereby forming the voltage output curve shown in fig. 18. In fig. 18, when the solid line is a graph of the output voltage of the electrostatic generator 61 included in the left-hand sprinkler 1 in fig. 1, the broken line is a graph of the output voltage of the electrostatic generator 62 included in the right-hand sprinkler 1 in fig. 1.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, the power module 40 outputs 15VDC with 18-72 VDC as input, and outputs 15VDC through the isolation circuit in the power module 40 and the U5. The control module 50 periodically generates a square wave signal under the control of the timer U6 to drive the control module 50 to output enable signals of the target positive high voltage and the target negative high voltage. Then, as shown in FIG. 12, 15DVC is boosted to +16 to +20KVDC or-16 to-20 KVDC by the transformer 53 (or the transformer 56). The P3 end and the S2 end of the transformer 53 are connected to the first voltage-multiplying circuit 54; similarly, the P3 terminal and the S2 terminal of the transformer 56 are connected to the second multi-voltage circuit 57. Two positive and negative voltages are alternately output to the electrostatic generator 61 and the electrostatic generator 62. Fig. 13 shows a circuit of the timer U6, and the timer U6 generates a periodic square wave signal to control the control module 50 to periodically drive the high voltage driving circuit 52 and the high voltage driving circuit 55, and finally output a target positive high voltage and a target negative high voltage alternatively through the high voltage driving circuit 52 and the high voltage driving circuit 55. The first and second voltage multiplying circuits 54 and 57 rectify high voltages (i.e., target positive and negative high voltages) to form target positive high voltages of +16 to +20 kvc or target negative high voltages of-16 to-20 kvc.
In the present embodiment, the sprinkler 1 includes: the shower nozzle 10 of utensil spout dish 11 encloses to close along vertical direction and locates the induction ring 33 that spouts the dish 11 outside to optionally enclose to close along vertical direction for induction ring 33 and locate the outside top of spouting dish 11, induction ring 33 is an electrostatic generator of electric connection respectively. Of course, when the direction of the nozzle plate 11 changes, the position of the inductive loop 33 changes, so long as the liquid droplets ejected from the head 10 pass through the inductive electric field formed between the nozzle plate 11 and the inductive loop 33. The spray head 10 is a centrifugal spray head or a mist spray head. The spraying plate 11 is integrally disc-shaped, the induction ring 33 is radially separated from the spraying plate 11 and is arranged above the outer side of the spraying plate 11 in a surrounding manner along the vertical direction, and the induction ring 33 is used as the induction ring 33 to generate an induction electric field under the action of the static generator 61 (or the static generator 62). The induction ring 33 is arranged coaxially with the spray disk 11 to make the structure more reasonable. The cross-sectional shape of the inductor loop 33 includes, but is not limited to, circular, elliptical, polygonal, etc.
Referring to fig. 1, two spraying devices 1 arranged in pairs are suspended below a rack 70 through a bracket 71 and a bracket 72, and are respectively connected with an electrostatic generator 61 and an electrostatic generator 62 through leads. In this embodiment, the frame 70 is provided with a bracket 71 and a bracket 72 respectively connecting the heads 10 to hoist the sprinkler 1 arranged in pairs. The induction ring 33 generates a high voltage electric field by an independent electrostatic generator 61 (or an electrostatic generator 62), and the mist sprayed from the spray head 10 carries negative charges or positive charges after passing through the high voltage electric field. Carry the fogdrop of negative charge or positive charge and can be attached to plant leaf's front and the back initiatively under the rotatory produced wind field effect of pushing down of unmanned aerial vehicle's rotor, reach the effect that the solid was sprayed, especially through this sprinkler 1, can show to improve spraying and adsorption effect to the plant leaf back to can realize from this that it subsides and reduce the liquid medicine waste and improve the effect of spraying to plant (for example crops) to accelerate the fogdrop. In addition, the particle size of the mist droplets that finally carry the electric charges can be adjusted by changing the magnitude of the target positive/negative high voltage output by the electrostatic generator 61 (or the electrostatic generator 62) and/or the rotation speed of the spray disk 11. Generally, the larger the magnitude of the target positive/negative high voltage value is, the better the charging effect is, and the better the attachment effect of the charged fog drops on the plant blades is; meanwhile, the faster the rotation speed of the spray disk 11, the smaller the particle size of the sprayed mist droplets.
The control module 50 periodically outputs a control signal for controlling each pair of electrostatic generators to output voltages with opposite polarities to each other, wherein the control signal forms a high-voltage output duration t1 for keeping the electrostatic generators 61 and 62 continuously outputting a target positive high voltage or a target negative high voltage, and controls the electrostatic generators 61 and 62 to switch to a voltage switching duration t2 with opposite polarities, and the high-voltage output duration t1 is longer than the voltage switching duration t2, so as to avoid that the driving-off time is too short and shorten the duration of the target positive high voltage or target negative high voltage output with opposite polarities, thereby increasing the application time of positive charges or negative charges to the fog drops based on the strong induction electric field (i.e. the high-voltage output duration t1) to ensure the charging effect on the fog drops; wherein, the target positive high voltage or the target negative high voltage is an example of the high voltage. Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, the electrostatic generators 61 and 62 periodically switch between a high-voltage output state in which a high voltage is continuously output and a low-voltage (i.e., target negative high voltage) output state in which the output of a high voltage (i.e., target positive high voltage) is stopped. Specifically, when the electrostatic generator 61 applies a target positive high voltage to the sprinkler 1 on the left side in fig. 1, the electrostatic generator 62 applies a target negative high voltage to the sprinkler 1 on the right side in fig. 1, whereas when the electrostatic generator 61 applies a target negative high voltage to the sprinkler 1 on the left side in fig. 1, the electrostatic generator 62 applies a target positive high voltage to the sprinkler 1 on the right side in fig. 1; thereby alternately reciprocating to spray the positively or negatively charged mist droplets toward the crops by the two spray heads 10 having the spray pans 11 arranged in pairs under the action of the downward pressure wind field to continuously perform the spraying work toward the crops.
Illustratively, referring to fig. 1, when the control module 50 outputs a control signal of a target positive high voltage to the electrostatic generator 61, the control module 50 outputs a control signal of a target negative high voltage to the electrostatic generator 62 at the same time, so that the inductive loop 33 on the left side in fig. 1 forms a positive electric field, and thus a positive electric field is formed near the inductive loop 33 of the sprinkler 1 on the left side. After being ejected from the spray plate 11, the mist passes through the induction electric field region between the induction ring 33 and the spray plate 11 and is charged with negative charges opposite to the induction ring 33. In the process, the inductor loop 33 on the right in fig. 1 forms a negative electric field, so that a negative electric field is formed near the inductor loop 33 of the sprinkler 1 on the right. After being ejected from the spray plate 11, the mist droplets pass through the induction electric field region between the induction ring 33 and the spray plate 11, and carry positive charges opposite to those of the induction ring 33.
The induction ring 33 of the sprinkler 1 on the left in fig. 1 and the sprinkler 1 on the right in fig. 1 are connected with the electrostatic generator 61 and the electrostatic generator 62, respectively, and the polarities of the electrostatic generator 61 and the electrostatic generator 62 are kept opposite. The other induction loop 33 of the electrostatic generator 61 connected with the left sprinkler 1 and the other induction loop 33 of the electrostatic generator 62 connected with the right sprinkler 1 are opposite in polarity and are simultaneously connected with the frame 70, because the induction loops 33 alternately generating positive/negative charges and the induction loops 33 alternately generating negative/positive charges are simultaneously connected on the frame 70, a loop can be formed, and the two sprinklers 1 apply voltages opposite in phase, so that the frame 70 always keeps zero potential, thereby effectively avoiding the accumulation of charges on the frame 70, avoiding the accumulation of charges on the frame 70 from damaging equipment (such as avionics equipment of the unmanned aerial vehicle, wireless communication equipment and other electronic devices) on the frame 70 and the frame 70, and enabling the unmanned aerial vehicle to realize ungrounded safe sprinkling operation.
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, two sprinklers 1 are suspended in pairs below the aircraft, each sprinkler 1 comprising a cylindrical spray head 10, the left sprinkler 1 in fig. 1 being taken as an example by the applicant for illustration. The structure of the right-hand sprinkler 1 in fig. 1 is identical to the structure of the left-hand sprinkler 1.
In this embodiment, the showerhead 10 includes: the induction ring 33 is arranged above the outer side of the spray disk 11 in a surrounding manner along the vertical direction, the induction ring 33 is electrically connected with the electrostatic generator 61, the transverse support hooping the spray head 10, and the plurality of suspension arms 31 connected with the induction ring 33, the suspension arms 31 are movably connected to a suspension arm formed by the transverse extension of the transverse support along the horizontal direction, and can be movably adjusted along the direction of a bidirectional arrow H in figure 2, so that the radial distance formed between the induction ring 33 and the edge of the spray disk 11 is changed, and the charge effect of an induction electric field generated by the induction ring 33 on fog drops sprayed from the bottom of the spray head 10 is adjusted. Meanwhile, the induction ring 33 is arranged above the outer side of the spray disk 11 in a surrounding manner along the vertical direction, so that droplets sprayed from the spray disk 11 can be prevented from being deposited on the surface of the induction ring 33 to cause electric leakage, and the charging effect of the induction ring 33 is ensured.
In this embodiment, the output voltage of the electrostatic generator can be configured according to the distance between the induction ring 33 and the spray disk 11, so as to ensure the induction electric field strength, avoid the influence on the electrostatic effect due to the sharp decrease of the electric field strength caused by the longer distance between the induction ring 33 and the spray disk 11, and simultaneously reduce or avoid the adjustment or debugging of the control period T, thereby further adjusting and ensuring the charging effect. When the distance between the induction ring 33 and the spray disk 11 is increased, the output voltage of the electrostatic generator is enhanced, and when the distance between the induction ring 33 and the spray disk 11 is decreased, the target positive high voltage or the target negative high voltage output by the electrostatic generator is adaptively decreased. Preferably, the output target positive high voltage or the target negative high voltage of the electrostatic generator is configured such that the electric field strength between the induction ring 33 and the spray plate 11 is kept constant with the change of the distance between the induction ring 33 and the spray plate 11, thereby ensuring the atomization effect without adjusting the high voltage output duration t1 and the voltage switching duration t 2. Wherein, the distance between the induction ring 33 and the spray disk 11 is a straight line distance.
The transverse support is formed by enclosing the arc parts 20 of at least two annular movable connections and hooping the spray head 10 end to end, the arc parts 20 transversely extend outwards to form cantilevers 21, specifically, the transverse support is formed by enclosing the two arc parts 20 end to end, and each arc part 20 transversely extends outwards to form two cantilevers 21. The arc-shaped portion 20 extends outward perpendicularly to the axial direction of the nozzle plate 11 to form a cantilever. Each boom 21 suspends two lower booms 32 in the vertical direction, and the four lower booms 32 are distributed annularly at equal intervals to suspend the induction loop 33 uniformly. Exemplarily, the cantilever 21 forms a strip-shaped hole 213 along its extension direction. The fixed ends 211 and 212 are formed at the joint of the two arc-shaped portions 20, and the two arc-shaped portions 20 are continuously fixed by passing through the through holes respectively formed in the fixed ends 211 and 212 through bolts, so as to clamp the two arc-shaped portions 20 on the outer side wall of the showerhead 10. The upper suspension arm 31 and the lower suspension arm 32 are movably connected in the vertical direction to movably adjust the length of the suspension arm in the vertical direction and the position of the suspension arm in the horizontal direction, and can be movably adjusted in the direction of a bidirectional arrow V in fig. 2, so that the vertical distance formed between the induction ring 33 and the edge of the spray disk 11 is changed, and the linear distance (the distance formed by a point on the induction ring 33 away from the spray disk 33 and pointing to the center of the spray disk 11) formed between the induction ring 33 and the spray disk 11 is flexibly changed, so that the charging effect of an induction electric field generated by the induction ring 33 on droplets sprayed from the bottom of the spray head 10 is adjusted, and the radial distance from each point on the induction ring 33 to the spray disk can be kept unchanged while adjusting, thereby ensuring the uniformity and stability of the induction electric field, and further ensuring the charging effect.
Illustratively, in the present embodiment, the boom 31 includes an upper boom 31 movably connected to the boom 21 and a lower boom 32 detachably connected to the induction ring 33. The upper boom 31 is provided with a blind hole 314 or a through hole with internal threads, and a bolt is used to penetrate through the strip-shaped hole 213 in the vertical direction and is screwed into the blind hole 314 or the through hole with internal threads provided on the upper surface of the upper boom 31, so that the upper boom 31 and the boom 21 are fixed, and the bolt is loosened to integrally adjust the boom 31, the lower boom 32 and the boom 21 in the horizontal direction and in the radial direction to be arbitrarily adjusted.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the lower boom 32 is formed with a strip-shaped hole 322 in the vertical direction thereof. The upper boom 31 forms a boom base 311 attached to the boom 21 and an extension arm 312 integrally formed with the boom base 311. The extension arm 312 may be perpendicular to the boom base 311 and located inside (or outside) the lower boom 32. The radial outer side wall surface of the extension arm 312 is provided with a blind hole 313 or a through hole with an internal thread, and a bolt penetrates through the strip-shaped hole 322 in the radial direction and is screwed into the blind hole 313 or the through hole with an internal thread, so that the lower suspension arm 32 and the suspension arm 31 are fixed, and the bolt is loosened to adjust the relative position of the lower suspension arm 32 and the suspension arm 31 in the vertical direction to be adjusted randomly. The bottom of the lower boom 32 can be movably connected (for example, an elastic buckle 321 disposed at the bottom of the lower boom 32 in fig. 2 is used to buckle the induction ring 33) or fixedly connected with the induction ring 33 (for example, the induction ring 33 is fixed at the bottom of the lower boom 32 in fig. 2 by welding, gluing, etc.). Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, the suspension arm 21, the upper suspension arm 31 and the lower suspension arm 32 have a certain rigidity to ensure the structural strength of the whole spraying device 1, and the induction ring 33 always forms a circular structure to cooperate with the spray disk structure to ensure the uniformity of the charge distribution in the induction electric field.
It should be noted that the aforementioned movable connection mode for movably connecting the boom base 311 to the boom 21 may also include a mode of sliding the formed portion of the boom base 311 along the bar-shaped hole 213 and locking with a bolt, or any other connection mode capable of achieving a sliding and locking position. The extension arm 312 and lower boom 32 may also employ the prior art sliding and locking position.
Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the inductive loop 33 is a flexible loop. The induction ring 33 is made of flexible material, the curvature of the induction ring 33 is increased or reduced in the process that the induction ring 33 approaches or leaves the central axis B of the spray disk 11 along with the horizontal direction of the suspension arm, and the suspension arms transversely extending from the transverse support are arranged in an axial symmetry mode relative to the spray head 10. The suspension arm is detachably connected with the induction ring 33 and the length of the suspension arm along the vertical direction is adjustable. Induction ring 33 all is axisymmetric setting with shower nozzle 10 and horizontal support to satisfy whole symmetry requirement, thereby make induction ring 33 along circumference and/or vertical direction adjustment in-process, the charge distribution has the homogeneity among the annular electric field that remains to be formed by induction ring 33 throughout, thereby ensure at the response droplet in-process, make the electric charge amount that the droplet carried tend to unanimously. The circumferential length of the induction ring 33 is adjustable, and/or the distance between the induction ring 33 and the spray disk 11 in the vertical direction is adjustable.
As shown in fig. 3, when the circumferential length of the inductor ring 33 is increased, an inductor ring 33a having an increased circumferential length (i.e., a larger circumferential length) is formed. Referring to fig. 2, since the inductive loop 33 is a flexible ring made of flexible material, when the boom is adjusted transversely along the direction of the double-headed arrow H in fig. 2, the circumferential length can be adjusted, so as to uniformly enlarge or reduce the diameter of the inductive loop 33. Meanwhile, when the upper boom 31 and the lower boom 32 are adjusted in the vertical direction along the direction of the double-headed arrow V in fig. 2, the distance between the induction ring 33 and the spray plate 11 in the vertical direction can be adjusted. From this change the linear distance between induction ring 33 and the dish 11 of spouting in a flexible way, can adjust the structure between the electrode wantonly as required, can be according to spraying the environment, spray the parameter, the change of electrostatic voltage, the shower nozzle gesture, the change of shower nozzle position and adaptability adjust the structure, induction type electrostatic atomization device's suitability has been improved, and simultaneously, still can guarantee induction ring 33 and spout the unity of the linear distance between the dish 11, improve the homogeneity and the unity of electrostatic field between the two, and then improve electrostatic effect, avoid the inhomogeneous problem of induction charge who carries on the droplet.
The induction ring 33 is internally provided with an electric lead, is electrically connected with the static generator 61 (or the static generator 62) through the electric lead, and adjusts the circumferential length formed by the induction ring 33 by drawing the electric lead. The inductive loop 33 forms an extension 331, and the extension 331 also has a flexible property to electrically connect the electrostatic generator 61 through the extension 331 by a wire. The transverse support and/or the boom arm are made of an insulating material to ensure that charge generated by the induction loop 33 from which the boom arm is suspended is not transferred to the airframe 70 or to reduce the transfer of charge to the airframe 70 and thereby cause damage to the drone as a result of charge build up on the airframe 70. The induction ring 33 is annular or flaky, and the induction ring 33 is coated with an insulating layer of 1-2 mm. Illustratively, the insulating layer includes an insulating material having high voltage resistance characteristics, such as cross-linked polyethylene, silicone, or epoxy resin. The induction ring 33 can avoid direct contact with the fogdrops sprayed from the spraying disc 11 through the insulating layer covered on the surface of the induction ring 33, and can also shorten the radial distance and the vertical distance between the induction ring 33 and the edge of the spraying disc 11, so that the charge effect of an annular electric field generated by the induction ring 33 is improved, and potential harm to an aircraft is reduced.
Based on the technical solution of the inductive electrostatic atomization device 100 disclosed in the foregoing embodiment, the present embodiment further discloses an aircraft, including: a frame 70 with a power mechanism, wherein the frame 70 is configured with the induction type electrostatic atomization device 100 as disclosed in the previous embodiment. The bottom of the frame 70 is configured such that the spraying device 1, the power module 40, the control module 50, and a pair of electrostatic generators (i.e., the electrostatic generator 61 and the electrostatic generator 62) electrically connected to the control module 50, which are arranged in pairs, can be all disposed on the frame 70.
The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. An induction type electrostatic atomizing device, comprising:
a power module, a control module;
at least one pair of electrostatic generators electrically connected to the control module;
the spraying devices are matched with the electrostatic generators in number and comprise spray heads with spray disks and induction rings arranged outside the spray disks in a surrounding mode, the induction rings are respectively and electrically connected with the electrostatic generators, and the control module periodically outputs control signals for controlling the electrostatic generators to output voltages with opposite polarities to the electrostatic generators;
the control signal forms a high voltage output duration that maintains a continuous output of a high voltage by an electrostatic generator and controls the electrostatic generator to switch to a voltage switching duration of opposite polarity, the high voltage output duration being greater than the voltage switching duration.
2. The inductive electrostatic atomizer of claim 1, wherein a ratio of said high voltage output duration to said voltage switching duration is 4:1 to 10: 1.
3. The inductive electrostatic atomizing device according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of the high voltage output duration to the voltage switching duration is 17: 3.
4. The inductive electrostatic atomization device of claim 3 wherein the voltage switching duration is greater than or equal to a relaxation time of the electrostatic generator.
5. The inductive electrostatic atomizing device according to claim 4, wherein said high voltage output duration and said voltage switching duration form a control period, said control period being 4 seconds.
6. The inductive electrostatic atomizing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said control module comprises:
the control circuit comprises a control signal generating module, a voltage dividing circuit, a first high-voltage output circuit and a second high-voltage output circuit, wherein the first high-voltage output circuit and the second high-voltage output circuit are connected between the control signal generating module and the voltage dividing circuit in parallel;
the first high-voltage output circuit consists of a high-voltage driving circuit, a transformer and a first multi-voltage circuit which are connected in series, the second high-voltage output circuit consists of a high-voltage driving circuit, a transformer and a second multi-voltage circuit which are connected in series, and the control signal generation module is connected with a timing circuit which generates periodic square wave signals so as to output periodic high-level and low-level signals and alternately output high voltage and low voltage through the first high-voltage output circuit and the second high-voltage output circuit periodically.
7. The inductive electrostatic atomizing device according to claim 6,
the circumferential length of the induction ring can be adjusted,
and/or
The distance between the induction ring and the spray plate in the vertical direction is adjustable.
8. The inductive electrostatic atomizing device according to claim 7, wherein the magnitude of the output voltage of the electrostatic generator is configured according to the distance between the induction ring and the spray plate.
9. The inductive electrostatic atomizing device according to claim 7, wherein the inductive loop is made of a flexible material, the curvature of the inductive loop increases or decreases as the suspension arm approaches or moves away from the central axis of the spray disk along the horizontal direction, and the laterally extending cantilevers of the lateral support are arranged in an axisymmetric manner with respect to the spray head.
10. An aircraft, characterized in that it comprises:
a frame with a power mechanism, said frame being configured with an inductive electrostatic atomization device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210502010.XA CN114849918A (en) | 2022-05-10 | 2022-05-10 | Induction type electrostatic atomization device and aircraft |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210502010.XA CN114849918A (en) | 2022-05-10 | 2022-05-10 | Induction type electrostatic atomization device and aircraft |
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| CN202210502010.XA Pending CN114849918A (en) | 2022-05-10 | 2022-05-10 | Induction type electrostatic atomization device and aircraft |
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| CA2047852A1 (en) * | 1990-07-25 | 1992-01-26 | Timothy J. Noakes | Electrostatic spraying device and method |
| US5222663A (en) * | 1990-07-25 | 1993-06-29 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Electrostatic spraying device and method using an alternating polarity high potential |
| CN1404780A (en) * | 2001-08-10 | 2003-03-26 | 松下电工株式会社 | Ion supplying apparatus and method thereof |
| CN101557879A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2009-10-14 | 松下电工株式会社 | Electrostatic atomizer |
| JP2013027832A (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-02-07 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | Electrostatic atomizer and electrostatic atomization method using the electrostatic atomizer |
| CN214112879U (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-09-03 | 苏州极目机器人科技有限公司 | Aviation electrostatic spraying device and system |
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2022
- 2022-05-10 CN CN202210502010.XA patent/CN114849918A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2047852A1 (en) * | 1990-07-25 | 1992-01-26 | Timothy J. Noakes | Electrostatic spraying device and method |
| US5222663A (en) * | 1990-07-25 | 1993-06-29 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Electrostatic spraying device and method using an alternating polarity high potential |
| CN1404780A (en) * | 2001-08-10 | 2003-03-26 | 松下电工株式会社 | Ion supplying apparatus and method thereof |
| CN101557879A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2009-10-14 | 松下电工株式会社 | Electrostatic atomizer |
| JP2013027832A (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-02-07 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | Electrostatic atomizer and electrostatic atomization method using the electrostatic atomizer |
| CN214112879U (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-09-03 | 苏州极目机器人科技有限公司 | Aviation electrostatic spraying device and system |
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Application publication date: 20220805 |