CN114849418A - Coking wastewater dissipation VOCs treatment system and method - Google Patents
Coking wastewater dissipation VOCs treatment system and method Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/14—Gaseous waste or fumes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a system and a method for treating Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in coking wastewater, wherein the system for treating the volatile VOCs in the coking wastewater comprises the following steps: VOCs waste gas collection device 1, preprocessing device 2, filter equipment 3, adsorb desorption device 4, mixing arrangement 5, heat accumulation burner 6, sweep device 7, fan 8, pipeline valve 9 and discharge port 10. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can solve the problem of high-efficiency treatment of the VOCs waste gas with low concentration and complex components and avoid the problem of byproduct pollution in the combustion technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of waste gas treatment, in particular to a system and a method for treating Volatile Organic Chemicals (VOCs) in coking wastewater.
Background
VOCs (volatile Organic compounds) has the chemical reaction characteristic, is an important precursor of photochemical smog, can generate a photochemical reaction with nitrogen oxides under illumination to generate harmful photochemical oxidants such as ozone and the like, and simultaneously form secondary Organic aerosol to participate in the formation of secondary particles in the atmosphere to induce dust haze. Meanwhile, VOCs have a destructive effect on the ozone layer, strongly absorb infrared rays, cause global warming, and have great harm to the atmospheric environment and human health. In recent years, with the rapid development of industry and economy in China, the regional composite pollution situation including fine particulate matters (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) is becoming more severe and gradually becoming the most important problem of air pollution in China. VOCs are also important precursors of PM2.5 and O3, are one of main pollutants influencing the atmospheric environment, and gradually become the key point of national control in recent years.
Chemical products, coke ovens, waste water and other processes in coking production are important VOCs emission sources except for electric arc furnaces and steel rolling processes in the steel industry, and are the most typical complex sources for VOCs emission. Coking wastewater dissipation VOCs belongs to wastewater unorganized discharge VOCs, VOCs discharged by the wastewater are derived from wastewater generated in each process of nearly covering coking production (including coking, gas purification, fine processing of chemical products and the like), the wastewater is used for dissipating VOCs waste gas in an unorganized mode in the collection treatment process, and the generated VOCs waste gas has the following typical characteristics: (1) each process of wastewater treatment can disorganize and dissipate VOCs, and the wastewater treatment has various types and complex components. The main VOCs are benzene series, esters, alcohols and the like, and simultaneously contain a certain amount of inorganic substances such as H2S, NH3 and the like and malodorous gases such as mercaptan, thioether and the like; (2) the unorganized escaped waste gas generally has large gas quantity and high moisture content, and meanwhile, the concentration of VOCs (volatile organic compounds) in the waste water of most industries is lower, generally dozens of hundreds of mg/m 3.
Due to the particularity of the steel industry, the treatment of the VOCs is a starting stage, the existing VOCs control technology is few, the coverage is low, and more VOCs control technologies which are urgently needed are still in a research and development stage. Coking wastewater dissipation VOCs treatment adopts four technologies at present: active carbon adsorption, photocatalysis, plasma and biological methods. The activated carbon adsorption method is a high-efficiency VOCs control technology, but has the defects of poor adsorption selectivity, flammability, low quality of VOCs adsorbed in unit time, large equipment volume and the like, the photocatalysis technology and the plasma technology are relatively low-efficiency VOCs control technologies, the VOCs treatment efficiency is usually lower than 40%, and the plasma technology has explosive risks and the like. Biological methods are mature deodorization technologies, can realize the cooperative control of multiple pollutants such as H2S, NH3, VOCs and the like, and have the defect of low VOCs treatment efficiency (similar to photocatalysis/plasma methods, the VOCs treatment efficiency is low, and the high-efficiency treatment retention time is long). At present, the VOCs in the coking wastewater are treated by methods such as regenerative combustion or catalytic combustion. However, the single technologies are difficult to realize the efficient and low-cost treatment of the volatile VOCs of the coking wastewater at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a system and a method for treating Volatile Organic Chemicals (VOCs) in coking wastewater, wherein the technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, a coking wastewater dissipation VOCs treatment system is provided, comprising: the system comprises a VOCs waste gas collecting device, a pretreatment device, a filtering device, an adsorption and desorption tank, a mixing device, a heat storage combustion device, a purging device, a fan, a pipeline valve and an exhaust port;
the VOCs waste gas collecting device comprises a gas inlet end and a gas outlet end, the gas inlet end is connected with the coking wastewater pool, and the gas outlet end, the pretreatment device, the filtering device, the pipeline valve and the adsorption and desorption device are sequentially connected; the adsorption and desorption device comprises an adsorption device and a desorption device, and the adsorption device, the desorption device, the pipeline valve, the fan and the heat storage combustion device are sequentially connected; the filtering device and the heat storage combustion device are respectively connected to the mixing device, and the mixing device is connected with the adsorption and desorption device through a pipeline valve; the adsorption and desorption device is connected to the discharge port through a pipeline valve and a fan; the purging device is connected with the heat storage combustion device; the heat storage combustion device is connected with the pretreatment device through a fan.
Preferably, the coking wastewater dissipation VOCs treatment system comprises at least two adsorption and desorption devices which are connected in parallel.
Preferably, the adsorption and desorption device is internally provided with an adsorbent, and the adsorbent is a molecular sieve.
Preferably, the VOCs waste gas collecting device comprises a waste water pool cover and a collecting air pipe, the waste water pool cover is provided with the air inlet end, and the collecting air pipe is provided with the air outlet end.
Preferably, the regenerative combustion device has a two-chamber structure or a three-chamber structure.
Preferably, the system further comprises a purification device connected to the regenerative combustion device.
In a second aspect, a coking wastewater escaped VOCs treatment method is provided, which is executed by the coking wastewater escaped VOCs treatment system of any one of the first aspect, and comprises:
step 1, collecting waste gas generated by a coking wastewater pool by a VOCs waste gas collecting device;
step 3, removing moisture and impurities from the waste gas treated in the step 2 by using a filtering device;
step 4, adsorbing the waste gas treated in the step 3 by using an adsorbent in the adsorption device, and then entering the desorption device;
and 6, purifying the gas generated after the combustion in the step 5 by a purifying device.
Preferably, in step 2, the pretreatment device performs acid washing, alkali washing or oxidation washing on the exhaust gas.
Preferably, in step 4, the exhaust gas adsorbed by the adsorbent is intermittently desorbed, and the adsorbent is introduced into the desorption apparatus after saturation of adsorption.
Preferably, in step 4, the structure or surface properties of the adsorbent can be modulated according to the type of VOCs and the nature of the exhaust gas.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention fully considers the characteristic of low concentration of VOCs in the coking wastewater, and concentrates and enriches VOCs with large air volume and low concentration in the adsorption stage aiming at low concentration, complex components and large moisture content of VOCs waste gas in the coking wastewater working section, thereby improving the concentration of VOCs, reducing air volume, reducing the fuel consumption of subsequent Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer (RTO) and reducing the cost of VOCs combustion operation. On one hand, the adsorption method is utilized to realize the advantage of simultaneous control of multiple pollutants, compared with the conventional active carbon VOCs adsorbent, the adopted molecular sieve adsorbent is aluminosilicate, and the structure or surface property of the VOCs can be adjusted according to the type and waste gas property of the VOCs, so that the problems of easy reduction of the adsorption activity of the active carbon, high-temperature desorption and flammability and the like are avoided; on the other hand, the combustion method is matched as an adsorbent regeneration method, inorganic matters before and after combustion can be removed, low-concentration VOCs are concentrated and enriched through adsorption and intermittent desorption, and finally combustion treatment is carried out, so that high removal of the VOCs is realized. Aiming at the complex components of VOCs waste gas in the coking industry, a catalytic or absorption unit can be arranged to purify benzopyrene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon or other byproducts formed by combustion. The process can solve the problem of high-efficiency treatment of the VOCs waste gas with low concentration and complex components, and avoids the problem of byproduct pollution in the combustion technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a coking wastewater VOCs dissipation treatment system provided herein;
description of reference numerals: VOCs waste gas collection device 1, preprocessing device 2, filter equipment 3, adsorb desorption apparatus 4, mixing arrangement 5, heat accumulation burner 6, sweep device 7, fan 8, pipeline valve 9, discharge port 10.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following examples are set forth merely to aid in the understanding of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several modifications can be made to the invention without departing from the principle of the invention, and these modifications and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a system for treating VOCs by dissipating coking wastewater comprises: the system comprises a VOCs waste gas collecting device 1, a pretreatment device 2, a filtering device 3, an adsorption and desorption tank 4, a mixing device 5, a heat storage combustion (RTO) device 6, a purging device 7, a fan 8, a pipeline valve 9 and a discharge port 10;
the VOCs waste gas collecting device 1 comprises a gas inlet end and a gas outlet end, the gas inlet end is connected with the coking wastewater pool, and the gas outlet end, the pretreatment device 2, the filtering device 3, the pipeline valve 9 and the adsorption and desorption device 4 are sequentially connected; the adsorption and desorption device comprises an adsorption device and a desorption device, and the adsorption device, the desorption device, the pipeline valve 9, the fan 8 and the heat storage combustion device 6 are sequentially connected; the filtering device 3 and the heat accumulation combustion device 6 are respectively connected to the mixing device 5, and the mixing device 5 is connected with the adsorption and desorption device 4 through a pipeline valve 9; the adsorption and desorption device 4 is connected to a discharge port 10 through a pipeline valve 9 and a fan 8; the purging device 7 is connected with the heat storage combustion device 6; the regenerative combustion device 6 is connected to the pretreatment device 2 via a fan 8.
In the coking wastewater dissipation VOCs treatment system, the VOCs waste gas collecting device 1 comprises a wastewater pool cover and a collecting air pipe, wherein the wastewater pool cover is provided with an air inlet end, and the collecting air pipe is provided with an air outlet end; the wastewater pool is covered by a stainless steel SUS304 arch cover plate, the periphery of the pool body is provided with a fence and a handrail, and an observation port can be designed on the cover plate according to the field condition; the collection air pipe is made of stainless steel SUS304 and has good corrosion resistance.
In addition, the pretreatment device 2 adopts two towers of acid washing and alkali washing, a single-layer spray is arranged, and the washing tower is in a packing tower form and comprises alkali washing, oxidation washing and the like of waste gas. The alkaline washing mainly removes gases such as H2S contained in coking wastewater dissipated VOCs, and the oxidation washing removes part of sulfur-containing malodorous substances.
The adsorption and desorption device 4 adopts single-tank adsorption and single-tank desorption, and the adsorption tanks are designed according to 10000m3/h air quantity, 50mg/m3 VOCs concentration and 50mg/g penetrating adsorption quantity of an adsorbent. The desorption gas leads high-temperature gas out of the combustion chamber of the heat storage combustion device 6 to be mixed with part of gas of the adsorption gas, and the flow rate of the lead-out gas is controlled by the regulating valve, so that the temperature of the desorption gas can be regulated within the range of 100-350 ℃. The adsorption stage can realize 90.5% of VOCs removal efficiency on VOCs waste gas, and then regeneration gas (1/10 with the gas amount being the initial VOCs waste gas) is used for regenerating the adsorbent to desorb the adsorbed VOCs. It should be noted that, this application does not restrict the quantity of adsorption and desorption device 4, and coking wastewater dissipates VOCs processing system can only adsorb desorption device 4, also can have two or more than two adsorption and desorption device 4. When the coking wastewater dissipation VOCs treatment system comprises at least two adsorption and desorption devices 4, the at least two adsorption and desorption devices 4 are connected in parallel. Wherein, the adsorption and desorption device 4 is internally provided with an adsorbent which is a molecular sieve, including but not limited to one or a combination of more than two of high-silicon USY, ZSM-5 and other molecular sieves.
The heat accumulation combustion device 6 adopts a two-chamber structure or a three-chamber structure, the amount of the waste gas treated by the reactor is 1000-2000m3/h, the residence time is more than 1.2s, the reaction temperature is more than 800 ℃, and a filtering box body is arranged at the inlet section. The heat storage catalysis dual-function material is placed in a heat storage type 350-450 ℃ temperature floating change area, and the volume space velocity is about 2000h < -1 >. The desorbed high-concentration VOCs waste gas enters the RTO reactor to decompose the VOCs at high temperature, the released heat maintains the operation of the RTO reactor without additional fuel, and the VOCs degradation efficiency can reach 99.6 percent.
Coking wastewater loss VOCs processing system still includes purifier, and this purifier is connected with heat accumulation burner 6.
Example 2:
a method for treating volatile VOCs (volatile organic compounds) in coking wastewater comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting waste gas generated by the coking wastewater pool by the VOCs waste gas collecting device 1.
And 2, washing the waste gas collected in the step 1 by the pretreatment device 2.
In the step 2, the pretreatment device 2 performs acid washing, alkali washing or oxidation washing on the waste gas, SO that gases such as NH3, H2S and SO2, sulfur-containing malodorous substances and the like contained in coking wastewater dissipated VOCs can be removed.
And 3, removing moisture and impurities from the waste gas treated in the step 2 by using a filtering device 3.
And 4, adsorbing the waste gas treated in the step 3 by using an adsorbent in the adsorption device, and then entering the desorption device.
In step 4, the waste gas adsorbed by the adsorbent is subjected to intermittent desorption, that is, the adsorbent enters the desorption device after being saturated in adsorption. Illustratively, the adsorbent is subjected to desorption regeneration after several days of adsorption saturation. In addition, the structure or surface properties of the adsorbent can be adjusted according to the types of VOCs and the properties of exhaust gas, for example, the silicon-aluminum ratio of the molecular sieve can be increased, the hydrophobicity of the molecular sieve can be improved, and the adsorption capacity of the molecular sieve in a high-humidity atmosphere can be improved. After the coking wastewater dissipated VOCs waste gas is adsorbed by the adsorbent, the adsorption removal rate of VOCs can reach over 90 percent, and the waste gas can be discharged up to the standard.
And 5, desorbing the waste gas in the adsorbent by using a desorption device, and feeding the desorbed high-concentration waste gas into a heat storage combustion device 6 for thermal combustion.
In step 5, the high-concentration VOCs waste gas enters the heat storage combustion device 6, and the heat released by the high-temperature decomposition of the VOCs can maintain the heat storage combustion device, so that the operation without additional fuel is realized. The regenerative combustion device 6 can flexibly adopt a two-chamber structure or a three-chamber structure according to the requirements of working conditions.
And 6, purifying the gas generated after the combustion in the step 5 by a purifying device.
The VOCs waste gas components in the coking industry are difficult to decompose and can form SO2, NOx and trace byproducts after combustion if the VOCs waste gas components comprise benzopyrene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the like. The purification device of the application can be a catalytic unit or an absorption unit and is used for purifying combusted gas.
The technical route of the process of 'collecting + washing + adsorbing/(intermittent) desorbing + RTO' can ensure that the adsorption efficiency of VOCs reaches more than 90% and the degradation efficiency of RTO reaches more than 99%.
Claims (10)
1. A coking wastewater loss VOCs processing system which is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a VOCs waste gas collecting device (1), a pretreatment device (2), a filtering device (3), an adsorption and desorption device (4), a mixing device (5), a heat storage combustion device (6), a purging device (7), a fan (8), a pipeline valve (9) and a discharge port (10);
the VOCs waste gas collecting device (1) comprises a gas inlet end and a gas outlet end, the gas inlet end is connected with the coking wastewater pool, and the gas outlet end, the pretreatment device (2), the filtering device (3), the pipeline valve (9) and the adsorption and desorption device (4) are sequentially connected; the adsorption and desorption device comprises an adsorption device and a desorption device, and the adsorption device, the desorption device, the pipeline valve (9), the fan (8) and the heat storage combustion device (6) are sequentially connected; the filtering device (3) and the heat storage combustion device (6) are respectively connected to the mixing device (5), and the mixing device (5) is connected with the adsorption and desorption device (4) through a pipeline valve (9); the adsorption and desorption device (4) is connected to a discharge port (10) through a pipeline valve (9) and a fan (8); the purging device (7) is connected with the heat storage combustion device (6); the heat accumulation combustion device (6) is connected with the pretreatment device (2) through a fan (8).
2. The coking wastewater escaping VOCs treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that the coking wastewater escaping VOCs treatment system comprises at least two adsorption-desorption devices (4), and the at least two adsorption-desorption devices (4) are connected in parallel.
3. The coking wastewater escaping VOCs treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that the adsorption and desorption device (4) has an adsorbent inside, and the adsorbent is a molecular sieve.
4. The coking wastewater escaping VOCs treatment system of claim 1, wherein the VOCs waste gas collection device (1) comprises a lagoon capping having the inlet end thereon and a collection air duct having the outlet end thereon.
5. The coking wastewater dissipation VOCs treatment system of claim 1, wherein the regenerative burner (6) is of a two-chamber or three-chamber construction.
6. The coking wastewater dissipation VOCs treatment system of claim 1, further comprising a purification device connected to the regenerative combustion device (6).
7. A method for treating coking wastewater escaped VOCs, which is performed by the coking wastewater escaped VOCs treatment system of any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
step 1, collecting waste gas generated by a coking wastewater pool by a VOCs waste gas collecting device (1);
step 2, washing the waste gas collected in the step 1 by a pretreatment device (2);
step 3, removing moisture and impurities from the waste gas treated in the step 2 by using a filtering device (3);
step 4, adsorbing the waste gas treated in the step 3 by using an adsorbent in the adsorption device, and then entering the desorption device;
step 5, desorbing the waste gas in the adsorbent by using a desorption device, and feeding the desorbed high-concentration waste gas into a heat storage combustion device (6) for thermal combustion;
and (6) purifying the gas generated after the combustion in the step (5) by a purifying device.
8. The coking wastewater dissipation VOCs treatment method of claim 7, wherein in step 2, the pretreatment device (2) performs acid washing, alkali washing or oxidation washing on the exhaust gas.
9. The method for treating volatile VOCs in coking wastewater according to claim 7, wherein in step 4, the exhaust gas adsorbed by the adsorbent is subjected to intermittent desorption, and the adsorbent enters the desorption device after being saturated in adsorption.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein in step 4, the structure or surface properties of the adsorbent can be adjusted according to the type of VOCs and the nature of the waste gas.
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