CN114848898B - Artificial bone scaffold manufactured based on 3D printing technology and method - Google Patents
Artificial bone scaffold manufactured based on 3D printing technology and method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/02—Inorganic materials
- A61L27/12—Phosphorus-containing materials, e.g. apatite
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L27/58—Materials at least partially resorbable by the body
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
- A61L2300/40—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices characterised by a specific therapeutic activity or mode of action
- A61L2300/412—Tissue-regenerating or healing or proliferative agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2430/00—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
- A61L2430/02—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration for reconstruction of bones; weight-bearing implants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention provides an artificial bone scaffold manufactured based on a 3D printing process and a method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing beta-TCP, HA whisker and medical glycerol to obtain a mixture, wherein the mass ratio of the beta-TCP to the medical glycerol is (2-3) (1-2), the HA whisker accounts for 6-11.25% of the mass of the mixture, and then defoaming to obtain a printing paste; printing the printing paste through a 3D printing process according to parameters of design requirements to obtain a preliminarily formed artificial bone scaffold; the preliminarily formed artificial bone scaffold is sequentially subjected to refrigeration, freeze drying and sterilization, so that the operation is simple, the component cost caused by a binder can be saved, the mechanical strength of the artificial bone scaffold is enhanced through the HA whisker, and the artificial bone scaffold with degradability and bone conductivity is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical treatment, and particularly relates to an artificial bone scaffold manufactured based on a 3D printing process and a method.
Background
In recent years, artificial bone repair has become one of the main trends in the development of medical technology. Through literature research, the adhesive used by the existing artificial bone scaffold is the most widely applied synthetic materials such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polycaprolactone (PCL) and polylactic acid (PLA). These materials are not only expensive, but also add to the cost; and the preparation of the artificial bone scaffold needs to be time-consuming in the production process, which increases working hours. When the artificial bone scaffold is implanted into a human body, the process of such substances in the human body for a long time is not clear.
Among the most important factors are HA (hydroxy partial), β -TCP (β -tricalcium phosphate) and bioactive glass, which are the most important raw materials for artificial bone scaffolds. Through researches, the beta-TCP is nontoxic, has good biocompatibility, degradability, osteoinductive property, bone transmissibility and the like, and has excellent repairing effect on bone defects after being implanted into a human body. The strength of human cancellous bone is between 2 and 20MPa, but the strength of an artificial bone bracket formed by the traditional beta-TCP is less than 1MPa, and the initial supporting effect cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides the artificial bone scaffold and the method based on the 3D printing process, which mainly take beta-TCP and HA whisker as raw materials and medical glycerol as a binder, and the artificial bone scaffold is prepared by using the 3D printing method, so that the operation is simple, the component cost caused by the binder can be saved, the mechanical strength of the artificial bone scaffold is enhanced by the HA whisker, the human cancellous bone strength is 2-20 MPa, and the artificial bone scaffold also HAs degradability and bone conductivity.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for manufacturing an artificial bone scaffold based on a 3D printing process, comprising the steps of:
uniformly mixing beta-TCP, HA whisker and medical glycerol to obtain a mixture, wherein the mass ratio of the beta-TCP to the medical glycerol is (2-3) (1-2), the HA whisker accounts for 6-11.25% of the mass of the mixture, and then defoaming to obtain a printing paste; printing the printing paste through a 3D printing process according to parameters of design requirements to obtain a preliminarily formed artificial bone scaffold; and (3) sequentially refrigerating, freeze-drying and sterilizing the preliminarily formed artificial bone scaffold to obtain the artificial bone scaffold.
Preferably, sterilizing water for injection is added into medical glycerol to obtain a medical glycerol solution with the mass fraction of 10-15%, and then beta-TCP, HA crystal whisker and the medical glycerol solution are uniformly mixed.
Preferably, the beta-TCP and the medical glycerol are mixed and stirred for 3 to 5 times at the speed of 1000 to 3000r/min for 1 to 3 minutes each time.
Preferably, the beta-TCP, the HA whisker and the medical glycerol are uniformly mixed and then defoamed in a deaerator to obtain the printing paste.
Preferably, the preliminarily formed artificial bone scaffold is refrigerated at-25 to-20 ℃ for 2-4 hours and then is freeze-dried.
Further, the freeze drying is performed as follows:
starting from-40 ℃ and heating to-30 ℃ at a constant rate within 4min, then heating from-30 ℃ to-20 ℃ at a constant rate within 8min, then heating from-20 ℃ to 0 ℃ at a constant rate within 5min, holding at 0 ℃ for 3min, then heating from 0 ℃ to 20 ℃ at a constant rate within 3min, then heating from 20 ℃ to 25 ℃ at a constant rate within 3min, and finally heating from 25 ℃ to 37 ℃ at a constant rate within 3min.
Preferably, the preliminarily formed artificial bone scaffold is subjected to cold storage, freeze drying and gamma ray sterilization to obtain the artificial bone scaffold.
Preferably, the 3D printing process uses an extrusion bio-3D printer.
An artificial bone scaffold obtained by the method for manufacturing an artificial bone scaffold based on a 3D printing process as claimed in any one of the above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention relates to a method for manufacturing an artificial bone scaffold based on a 3D printing process, which mainly uses beta-TCP as a raw material, has components similar to bone mineral components, good biocompatibility and obvious degradation behavior under a human biological environment, and achieves the aim of repairing bone defects while generating a large amount of new bone tissues. The beta-TCP and the medical glycerol are uniformly mixed, the medical glycerol is used as a binder, the material cost can be reduced, the operation is simple, the labor hour for preparing a solution is not required, the manpower, material resources and financial resources are reduced, and then the printing paste can be obtained by defoaming; printing the printing paste through a 3D printing process according to parameters of design requirements to obtain a preliminarily formed artificial bone scaffold; the initially formed artificial bone scaffold is subjected to refrigeration, freeze drying and sterilization in sequence to obtain the artificial bone scaffold, the HA whisker can enhance the mechanical strength of the artificial bone scaffold, and the mechanical strength of the artificial bone can reach 6.34-8.71 MPa, so that the scaffold provided by the invention HAs the degradability advantage of beta-TCP, HAs a certain supporting performance, plays a supporting role in the initial stage of implantation into a human body, HAs fewer raw material varieties, can be customized by a 3D printing technology, and HAs diversity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of the preparation of the 3D printed artificial bone scaffold according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the time-dependent freeze-drying temperature according to the present invention.
Fig. 3a is a physical view of an artificial bone scaffold obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3b is a top view of fig. 3 a.
Fig. 4 is a physical view of an artificial bone scaffold obtained in example 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a physical view of an artificial bone scaffold obtained in example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to illustrate, but not to limit, the invention.
The 3D printing process is also one of the preparation methods which are paid attention to in recent years, has microstructure regulation and control capability, can regulate and control the characteristics of the size, the shape, the internal connectivity, the porosity and the like of the internal pores of the bracket from the microstructure, and can be customized in a personalized way. The artificial bone scaffold not only needs to be simple to operate, but also needs to control the cost, and the performance can meet the requirements.
Therefore, the invention discloses a method for manufacturing an artificial bone scaffold based on a 3D printing process, wherein raw materials comprise beta-TCP, HA whisker and medical glycerol. beta-TCP is used as a raw material, has similar composition to bone mineral, has good biocompatibility, has obvious degradation behavior under the biological environment of a human body, achieves the aim of repairing bone defects while generating a large amount of new bone tissues, and is widely used for repairing bone defects. Medical glycerol is colorless, transparent and viscous liquid, is generally extracted from grease, has high purity, is nontoxic and safe, is an important raw material for medicines, and is widely applied to aspects of transfusion, injection and the like in the medicine industry. A large number of widely applied examples show that the adhesive is nontoxic, safe, convenient to source and low in price, and is suitable for serving as an artificial bone scaffold adhesive. The medical glycerol is used as the binder, so that the material cost caused by using PVA, PCL and the like as the binder can be reduced, the operation is simple, and the labor hour for preparing the solution is not required.
The artificial bone scaffold of the invention plays a supporting role in the initial stage of implantation into human body. As shown in fig. 1, the specific method comprises the following steps:
step (1), adhesive preparation:
adding sterilizing injection water into the purchased medical glycerol to make the mass fraction of the medical glycerol in the obtained solution be 10% -15%;
step (2), weighing:
weighing the beta-TCP and the HA whisker and the adhesive obtained in the step (1) by using an electronic balance, wherein the mass ratio of the beta-TCP to the adhesive obtained in the step (1) is (2-3) (1-2), the HA whisker accounts for 6-11.25% of the total mass, and mixing the beta-TCP and the HA whisker with the adhesive obtained in the step (1);
step (3), slurry preparation:
stirring the mixture obtained in the step (2) for 3-5 times at 1000-3000 r/min in a homogenizer for 1-3 min each time to obtain a mixed system, then filling the mixed system into a 30mL syringe, and defoaming in a deaerator to obtain a printing paste;
step (4), constructing a printing model:
designing an artificial bone scaffold with personalized customization, including pore diameter, porosity and size, through three-dimensional design software;
step (5), 3D printing:
printing the paste in the step (3) into the artificial bone scaffold constructed in the step (4) through a biological 3D printer;
step (6), freeze drying:
refrigerating the artificial bone scaffold printed in the step (5) at the temperature of minus 25 to minus 20 ℃ for 2 to 4 hours, then putting the artificial bone scaffold into a freeze dryer, freeze drying at the temperature of minus 40 to 37 ℃ for 28.5 to 29.5 hours, including freezing, sublimating and drying, and changing in a gradient manner, wherein the specific process is shown in figure 2, and the finally printed artificial bone scaffold made of ceramic materials can ensure that the artificial bone scaffold is completely dried, does not have cracks, does not have bonding, ensures due strength and obtains the artificial bone scaffold after freeze drying;
step (7), sterilization:
and (3) sterilizing the artificial bone scaffold obtained in the step (6) by gamma rays to obtain the finally required sterile artificial bone scaffold.
All of the above operations are performed in a sterile, clean environment.
The artificial bone is simple in material, low in cost, simple and convenient to operate in a manufacturing method, and has degradability and certain biomechanical strength in performance.
Example 1
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing an artificial bone scaffold based on a 3D printing process, which comprises the following steps:
step (1), adhesive preparation:
3g of medical glycerol with the purity of 95% and 25g of sterilized water for injection are respectively weighed, poured into a blue cap bottle, and the medical glycerol is diluted into a binder with the mass fraction of 10%.
Step (2), weighing:
beta-TCP, HA whisker and 10% by mass of binder were weighed with an electronic balance, wherein the beta-TCP was 27g, the HA whisker was 3g and the binder was 20g, to obtain a mixture.
Step (3), paste preparation:
stirring the obtained mixture in a homogenizer at 2000r/min for 4 times and 1min each time, taking out, placing into a needle cylinder, and defoaming in a defoaming machine to obtain printing paste.
Step (4), constructing a printing model:
the artificial bone scaffold model with the aperture of 700 mu m, the porosity of 70 percent, the quadrilateral hole and the size of 10 x 10mm is designed by design software, and is derived into an STL format.
Step (5), 3D printing:
and printing the artificial bone scaffold by using an extrusion type biological 3D printer. Firstly, loading the printing paste in the step (3) into a printing bin, and secondly, loading the three-dimensional model STL format file of the artificial bone scaffold designed in the step (4) into an extrusion type biological 3D printer, wherein the printing parameters are set as follows: the printing speed is 10mm/min, the printing layer thickness is 0.3mm, the printing paste is uniformly extruded at a constant speed through the spiral propeller, the workbench performs synthetic motion along the x-y axis, the printing head moves along the z axis, the printing is sequentially performed layer by layer, finally, the printing of the biological ceramic artificial bone bracket is finished, the filling rate and the extrusion width are required to be continuously adjusted according to actual conditions in the printing process, and the printing is not a fixed value.
Step (6), freeze drying:
placing the printed artificial bone scaffold into a low-temperature preservation box, contacting the bottom surface with the low-temperature preservation box, refrigerating at-20 ℃ for 4 hours, then placing the scaffold into a freeze-dryer for freeze-drying according to the curve shown in figure 2, namely heating to-30 ℃ at a constant rate within 4min from-40 ℃, heating to-20 ℃ at a constant rate within 8min, heating to 0 ℃ at a constant rate within 5min, keeping the scaffold at 0 ℃ for 3min, heating to 20 ℃ at a constant rate within 3min from 0 ℃, heating to 25 ℃ at a constant rate for 3min, and heating to 37 ℃ at a constant rate for 3min.
Step (7), sterilization:
and (3) placing the artificial bone scaffold obtained in the step (6) at 37 ℃ for packaging, and sterilizing by gamma rays to obtain a finished product.
Fig. 3a is a physical view of the artificial bone scaffold according to example 1 of the present invention, and fig. 3b is a top view of fig. 3 a. The holes in 3a cannot be seen due to the problems of angle and resolution, but fig. 3b can see that the holes are uniformly distributed in each section of the artificial bone scaffold, and the holes on the sides are also through up and down, so that the holes are uniformly distributed in the artificial bone scaffold. And (3) carrying out compression test on the strength of the support by using a universal mechanical testing machine, wherein the loading speed is 1mm/min, and measuring the strength of the compressed support when 2% displacement is changed, wherein the mechanical strength is 6.34MPa.
Example 2
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing an artificial bone scaffold based on a 3D printing process, which comprises the following steps:
step (1), adhesive preparation:
5g of medical glycerol with the purity of 95% and 34.6g of sterilized water for injection are respectively weighed, poured into a blue cap bottle, and the medical glycerol is diluted into a binder with the mass fraction of 12%.
Step (2), weighing:
beta-TCP, HA whisker and binder with mass fraction of 12% were weighed with an electronic balance, wherein the beta-TCP mass was 26.4g, the HA whisker mass was 3.6g, and the binder was 20g, to obtain a mixture.
Step (3), paste preparation:
stirring the obtained mixture in a homogenizer at 2000r/min for 4 times and 1min each time, taking out, placing into a needle cylinder, and defoaming in a defoaming machine to obtain printing paste.
Step (4), constructing a printing model:
the artificial bone scaffold model with the aperture of 500 mu m, the porosity of 80 percent, the quadrilateral holes and the size of 50 x 20 x 3mm is designed by design software, and is derived into an STL format.
Step (5), 3D printing:
and printing the artificial bone scaffold by using an extrusion type biological 3D printer. Firstly, loading the printing paste in the step (3) into a printing bin, and secondly, loading the artificial bone scaffold three-dimensional model STL format file designed in the step (4) into an extrusion type biological 3D printer, wherein the printing parameters are set as follows: the printing speed is 10mm/min, the printing layer thickness is 0.25mm, the printing paste is uniformly extruded at a constant speed through the spiral propeller, the workbench performs synthetic motion along the x-y axis, the printing head moves along the z axis, the printing is sequentially performed layer by layer, finally, the printing of the biological ceramic artificial bone bracket is finished, the filling rate and the extrusion width are required to be continuously adjusted according to actual conditions in the printing process, and the printing is not a fixed value.
Step (6), freeze drying:
the printed artificial bone scaffold was placed in a low temperature storage box, the bottom surface was brought into contact with the low temperature storage box, refrigerated at-20 ℃ for 4 hours, and then placed in a freeze dryer to be freeze-dried according to the curve shown in fig. 2.
Step (7), sterilization:
and (3) placing the artificial bone scaffold obtained in the step (6) at 37 ℃ for packaging, and sterilizing by gamma rays to obtain a finished product.
Fig. 4 is a physical diagram of the artificial bone scaffold obtained in example 2 of the present invention, in which the holes cannot be seen due to the problems of angle and resolution, but the holes are actually uniformly distributed in each section of the artificial bone scaffold, and the holes on the sides are vertically penetrated and the holes on the sides are also penetrated, so that the holes are uniformly distributed in the artificial bone scaffold. Through the compression test of the universal mechanical testing machine, the mechanical strength is 7.43MPa.
Example 3
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing an artificial bone scaffold based on a 3D printing process, which comprises the following steps:
step (1), adhesive preparation:
6g of medical glycerol with the purity of 95% and 32g of sterilized water for injection are respectively weighed, poured into a blue cap bottle, and the medical glycerol is diluted into a binder with the mass fraction of 15%.
And (2) weighing the beta-TCP, the HA whisker and the binder with the mass fraction of 15% by using an electronic balance, wherein the mass of the beta-TCP is 30.6g, the mass of the HA whisker is 5.4g and the mass of the binder is 12g, and obtaining a mixture.
Step (3), paste preparation:
stirring the obtained mixture in a homogenizer at 2000r/min for 4 times and 1min each time, taking out, placing into a needle cylinder, and defoaming in a defoaming machine to obtain printing paste.
Step (4), constructing a printing model:
the cylindrical artificial bone scaffold model with the aperture of 600 mu m, the porosity of 75 percent, the pore of quadrilateral and the size of phi 10 (diameter) x 20mm (height) is designed by design software, and is derived to be in an STL format.
Step (5), 3D printing:
and printing the artificial bone scaffold by using an extrusion type biological 3D printer. Firstly, loading the printing paste in the step (3) into a printing bin, and secondly, loading the artificial bone scaffold three-dimensional model STL format file designed in the step (4) into an extrusion type biological 3D printer, wherein the printing parameters are set as follows: the printing speed is 10mm/min, the printing layer thickness is 0.25mm, the printing paste is uniformly extruded at a constant speed through the spiral propeller, the workbench performs synthetic motion along the x-y axis, the printing head moves along the z axis, the printing is sequentially performed layer by layer, finally, the printing of the biological ceramic artificial bone bracket is finished, the filling rate and the extrusion width are required to be continuously adjusted according to actual conditions in the printing process, and the printing is not a fixed value.
Step (6), freeze drying:
the printed artificial bone scaffold was placed in a low temperature storage box, the bottom surface was brought into contact with the low temperature storage box, refrigerated at-20 ℃ for 4 hours, and then placed in a freeze dryer to be freeze-dried according to the curve shown in fig. 2.
Step (7), sterilization:
and (3) placing the artificial bone scaffold obtained in the step (6) at 37 ℃ for packaging, and sterilizing by gamma rays to obtain a finished product.
Fig. 5 is a physical diagram of an artificial bone scaffold obtained in example 3 of the present invention, wherein holes are uniformly distributed in each section of the artificial bone scaffold, and the holes on the side surface are also through up and down, so that the holes are uniformly distributed in the artificial bone scaffold. Through the compression test of the universal mechanical testing machine, the mechanical strength is 8.71Mpa.
Claims (5)
1. A method for manufacturing an artificial bone scaffold based on a 3D printing process, comprising the steps of:
firstly adding sterilized water for injection into medical glycerol to obtain a medical glycerol solution with the mass fraction of 10-15%, uniformly mixing beta-TCP, HA crystal whisker and the medical glycerol solution to obtain a mixture, wherein the mass ratio of the beta-TCP to the medical glycerol is (2-3) (1-2), the HA crystal whisker accounts for 6-11.25% of the mass of the mixture, and then defoaming to obtain a printing paste; printing the printing paste by a 3D printing process according to parameters of design requirements by using an extrusion type biological 3D printer to obtain a preliminarily formed artificial bone scaffold; sequentially refrigerating, freeze-drying and sterilizing the preliminarily formed artificial bone scaffold, wherein the refrigerating is carried out for 2-4 hours at the temperature of-25 to-20 ℃, and the freeze-drying is carried out according to the following process: starting from-40 ℃ and heating to-30 ℃ at a constant rate within 4min, then heating from-30 ℃ to-20 ℃ at a constant rate within 8min, then heating from-20 ℃ to 0 ℃ at a constant rate within 5min, maintaining at 0 ℃ for 3min, then heating from 0 ℃ to 20 ℃ at a constant rate within 3min, then heating from 20 ℃ to 25 ℃ at a constant rate within 3min, and finally heating from 25 ℃ to 37 ℃ at a constant rate within 3min, thus obtaining the artificial bone scaffold.
2. The method for manufacturing an artificial bone scaffold based on a 3D printing process according to claim 1, wherein the β -TCP and the medical glycerin are mixed and stirred at 1000 to 3000r/min for 3 to 5 times, each for 1 to 3 minutes.
3. The method for manufacturing the artificial bone scaffold based on the 3D printing process according to claim 1, wherein the beta-TCP, the HA whiskers and the medical glycerol are uniformly mixed and then defoamed in a deaerator to obtain the printing paste.
4. The method for manufacturing an artificial bone scaffold based on a 3D printing process according to claim 1, wherein the initially formed artificial bone scaffold is sterilized by gamma rays after being refrigerated and freeze-dried, thereby obtaining the artificial bone scaffold.
5. An artificial bone scaffold obtained by the method for manufacturing an artificial bone scaffold based on a 3D printing process according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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