CN114847503B

CN114847503B - Multi-component mixed double-input screw extrusion equipment and extrusion processing method

Info

Publication number: CN114847503B
Application number: CN202210553235.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴敏; 孙东宇; 金邱虎
Original assignee: China Agricultural University
Current assignee: China Agricultural University
Priority date: 2022-05-19
Filing date: 2022-05-19
Publication date: 2022-10-28
Anticipated expiration: 2042-05-19
Also published as: CN114847503A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural product processing, and particularly relates to multi-component mixed dual-input screw extrusion equipment and an extrusion processing method. The equipment comprises a screw extruder body, an extrusion molding assembly, a die orifice element, a heat insulation feeding device and a control system; the screw extruder body comprises a front-end double-input extrusion melting area, a rear-end extrusion mixing area and a melt conveying assembly positioned between the front-end double-input extrusion melting area and the rear-end extrusion mixing area. The melt input is used, and the proportional mixing uniformity among different components is improved. The flow control valve at the end of the melt conveying component effectively controls the mixing flow, thereby ensuring the quality of the extruded product and simultaneously enhancing the operability and the production continuity.

Description

Multi-component mixed double-input screw extrusion equipment and extrusion processing method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural product processing, and particularly relates to multi-component mixed dual-input screw extrusion equipment and an extrusion processing method.

Background

Screw extrusion is a complex process of mixing, shearing, kneading, cooking, compressing and extruding molten materials under high pressure through a narrow opening (die), usually involving physicochemical changes accompanied by flow and heat transfer, and can therefore be viewed as a system of multiple energy interactions from higher temperatures, pressures and mechanical shear. Due to its simple operation, easy control, good formability, and modularized and continuous production capability, it is widely used in the mixing process of high-viscosity materials such as high-molecular processing, rubber mixing, food processing, etc., including but not limited to the incorporation of solid fillers into polymer melts, the mixing of polymers and the modification of polymers.

Whether plastic or food, it is usually made from raw material components of different characteristics after being mixed and sheared. Mixing of the reactants is a prerequisite for the reaction to occur. When the mixing time is equal to or more than the reaction time, the reactants are partially incompletely mixed, the mixing effect is reduced to affect the uniformity of the extruded product, and finally the quality of the product is reduced. The compatibility of the powder is one of the key factors to achieve uniform mixing. If the two particles are incompatible, the ability to mix with each other and maintain a stable spatial distribution is small, the tendency to separate is strong, and the mixing uniformity is ultimately reduced.

Due to the different physicochemical properties of the different raw materials, the functions performed in the polymer matrix are also different, some of them relating to the processing and some relating to the final quality characteristics of the finished product. In order to effectively improve quality characteristics such as hardness and elasticity of an extruded product, various components such as additives, catalysts, and polymer materials are generally mixed and extruded. In this case, the slight change of each component has a great influence on the texture and physicochemical properties of the whole product.

The screw extruder usually only comprises one inlet of an insulated feeding device, and all components are premixed in a powder form and flow into the extruder through the insulated feeding device, so that different powders have different mixing processes and mixing effects due to great differences of physical properties. If the volume difference between powder particles with different components is large and the proportion is very different, weight segregation is caused and the premixing process is not uniform. In addition, when the powder moves, heavier powder particles have a sinking movement tendency, and lighter powder particles have a floating movement tendency, so that the powder is difficult to uniformly mix. These all lead to non-uniform mixing ratios of the materials inside the extruder barrel, resulting in differences between the extruded products at different times, amplifying the instability of the quality characteristics. Therefore, the adding amount of different components is accurately controlled, and the balance of the proportion of each component in the blanking amount of the heat-insulation feeding device in unit time is ensured.

The traditional screw extrusion equipment has the following defects:

1. under the condition of more common multi-component application and research scenes, a stirrer is required to be used for premixing mixed raw materials for a long time before extrusion, otherwise, the uniformity of the raw materials is poor, the melt reaction process and the reaction degree in a machine barrel are limited, and the nonuniformity of an extruded product is directly caused.

2. Due to the rapid heat conductivity, the temperature of the feeding device is too high and is higher than the solid melting point due to the long-time work of the feeding device and the reverse heat conduction of the machine barrel to the feeding device, so that part of powder materials are softened and adhered to block a discharge hole, the continuous production is stopped, and the efficiency and the continuity in the industrial production process are seriously reduced.

3. Different materials have different physical and chemical properties and are easy to denature at high temperature, so that a new mode is needed to effectively realize respective control so as to better exert the nutritional value and the functional characteristics of the materials.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide multi-component mixed double-input screw extrusion equipment and an extrusion processing method, which adopt a segmented temperature-control double-cylinder input extrusion mode to enable powder of different components to form a melt, then mix the melts of the different components through a connector, extrude, mix and shear again, and finally form an extrusion product with better uniformity and quality characteristics.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a multi-component mixing dual-input screw extrusion device comprises a screw extruder body, an extrusion molding assembly 1, a die orifice element 2, a heat insulation feeding device 9 and a control system 21;

the screw extruder body comprises a front-end double-input extrusion melting area 6, a rear-end extrusion mixing area 3 and a melt conveying assembly 5 positioned between the front-end double-input extrusion melting area 6 and the rear-end extrusion mixing area 3;

the front-end dual-input extrusion melting zone 6 comprises two melting barrels 7 with independent temperature control systems of different sections; the two melting machine barrels 7 are respectively internally provided with a group of detachable melting screws 13, and the power of the melting screws 13 is derived from a melting screw driving component connected with the melting screws;

the rear extrusion mixing zone 3 comprises an extruder barrel 4; the extruder barrel 4 contains a group of detachable extrusion screws 14, and the power of the extrusion screws 14 is derived from an extrusion screw driving component connected with the extrusion screws;

the feeding end of each melting machine barrel 7 is connected with an outlet of the heat insulation feeding device 9, and the discharging end of each melting machine barrel 7 is connected with an inlet of the melt conveying assembly 5; the inlet of the water injection port 8 is connected with the water tank through a rubber pipe by a peristaltic pump; the outlet of the heat-insulation feeding device 9, the outlet of the water injection port 8 and the inlet of the melt conveying assembly 5 are communicated with the inner cavity of the melting machine barrel 7, and the rotation of the meshed melting screw 13 is not influenced;

the material inlet end of the rear-end extrusion mixing area 3 is connected with the outlet of the melt conveying component 5, and the material outlet end of the rear-end extrusion mixing area 3 is connected with the die orifice component 2; the outlet of the die element 2 is connected with the extrusion molding component 1;

the melt conveying component 5 is provided with a flow control valve; the molten fluid flows into the rear-end extrusion mixing zone 3 through the melt conveying component 5 to be subjected to shear mixing, the continuously rotating extrusion screw 14 pushes the molten fluid to the die orifice component 2, and the molten fluid passes through the extrusion molding component 1 to form a final extrusion product;

the melting screw driving assembly comprises a gear box 10, a melting screw reducer 111 and a melting screw driving motor 121; the power output shaft of the melting screw driving motor 121 is connected with the input shaft of the melting screw reducer 111, the output shaft of the melting screw reducer 111 is connected with the input shaft of the gearbox 10, and the output shaft of the gearbox 10 is connected with the melting screw 13;

the extrusion screw drive assembly includes an extrusion screw reducer 112 and an extrusion screw drive motor 122; the power output shaft of the extrusion screw driving motor 122 is connected with the input shaft of the extrusion screw reducer 112, and the output shaft of the extrusion screw reducer 112 is connected with the extrusion screw 14;

the heat insulation feeding device 9 comprises a feeding funnel, a detachable shaft sleeve 91, a flow control valve 92, an elastic rubber shock absorption layer 93 and a heat insulation waterproof gasket 94;

the detachable shaft sleeve 91 is arranged at the bottom of the feeding funnel; the sleeve body of the detachable shaft sleeve 91 is divided into two sleeve body parts which are bilaterally symmetrical, the upper ends of the two sleeve body parts are movably connected through a connecting column 913, the lower ends of the two sleeve body parts are provided with nuts 911, and the axial size is adjusted through the nuts 911 so as to clamp the feeding funnel;

the buffering heat conduction layer 912 is bonded on the inner side wall surface of the detachable shaft sleeve 91; an elastic rubber shock absorption layer 93 is bonded at the bottom of the feeding hopper, and a heat insulation waterproof gasket 94 is bonded at the bottom of the elastic rubber shock absorption layer 93;

the flow control valve 92 is arranged at the tail end of the heat insulation feeding device 9, and the feeding amount is adjusted in a manual mode;

the melting machine barrel 7 is divided into four areas, namely a first feeding area 71, a second mixing area 72, a third shearing area 73 and a fourth cooking area 74 with independent temperature control, and heat-insulating waterproof pads are attached to the inner side wall surfaces among the different areas;

the extruder barrel temperature sensor 17 is arranged inside the extruder barrel 4, and the plurality of melting barrel temperature sensors 19 are respectively arranged inside a first feeding zone 71, a second mixing zone 72, a third shearing zone 73 and a fourth cooking zone 74 which are independently controlled in temperature of the melting barrel 7 and used for carrying out temperature detection and regulation on the material temperature at the tail end of the extruder barrel 4 and the barrel temperatures of different sections inside the melting barrel 7; extruder barrel pressure sensor 18 is disposed inside extruder barrel 4, and a plurality of melt barrel pressure sensors 20 are disposed inside independently temperature controlled first feed zone 71, second mixing zone 72, third shearing zone 73, and fourth cooking zone 74, respectively, of melt barrel 7;

a heating system 15 and a water cooling system 16 are arranged in the extruder barrel 4 and the melting barrel 7;

the control system 21 is respectively and electrically connected with the heating system 15, the water cooling system 16, the extruder barrel temperature sensor 17, the extruder barrel pressure sensor 18, the melting barrel temperature sensor 19, the melting barrel pressure sensor 20 and the human-computer interaction interface 22, and monitors the temperature, pressure and flow parameters of materials in the extruder barrel 4 and the melting barrel 7 by the extruder barrel temperature sensor 17, the extruder barrel pressure sensor 18, the melting barrel temperature sensor 19 and the melting barrel pressure sensor 20 in the extrusion process, and performs program control and function switching on the heating system 15 and the water cooling system 16, so as to realize accurate regulation and control of the barrel temperature;

the human-computer interface 22 is communicated with the control system 21 through a power line and a signal line.

The self-assembly meshing piece 23 and other screw elements 24 are connected in series with the melting screw 13 and fixed on the melting screw 13 through key connection; the ring magnet 231 is embedded in the center of the self-assembly engaging piece 23 for the absorption between different self-assembly engaging pieces 23.

The thickness of the self-assembly meshing piece 23 is 0.5-2 mm; the angle between different self-assembly meshing pieces 23 is automatically adjusted through the limiting groove of the screw shaft, and the angle range is 0-180 degrees; the staggered angle between two adjacent self-assembly meshing pieces 23 is 10-45 degrees.

The optimal staggered angle is 36 degrees, and the corresponding number of meshed sheets is 5.

The die orifice element 2 is a three-way extrusion molding die set, is coated with a layer of circulating water jacket, and the temperature of the circulating water jacket is controlled by a heating and refrigerating circulator; the heating and refrigerating circulator comprises a water inlet, a temperature control water tank and a water outlet 105, wherein the water inlet and the water outlet 105 are respectively communicated with the circulating water jacket, and the water inlet, the temperature control water tank and the water outlet 105 are sequentially communicated through pipelines; the temperature control water tank comprises a circulating water pump and a heating and cooling device and is electrically connected with the control system 21.

The three-way extrusion molding module has extrusion ports which are respectively a circular extrusion port 101, a rectangular extrusion port 102 and a circular hole-shaped extrusion port 103, and comprises three sliding baffles 104 for switching a flow guiding state and a flow stopping state; wherein, the circular extrusion opening 101 has a circular extrusion opening end surface shape 1011, the rectangular extrusion opening 102 has a rectangular extrusion opening end surface shape 1021, and the round hole-shaped extrusion opening 103 has a round hole-shaped extrusion opening end surface shape 1031;

the sliding bezel 104 includes a handle 106, a closure plate 107, a baffle 109, and a rotating positioning block 108; the handle 106 is respectively fixedly connected with the outer ends of the cut-off plate 107 and the guide plate 109, and the rotary positioning block 108 is fixedly connected between the cut-off plate 107 and the guide plate 109; the end surface shape of the guide plate 109 arranged at the round extrusion port 101 is the same as the end surface shape 1011 of the round extrusion port; the end surface shape of the guide plate 109 arranged at the rectangular extrusion opening 102 is the same as the end surface shape 1021 of the rectangular extrusion opening; the end surface shape of the deflector 109 provided at the round-hole extrusion port 103 is the same as the round-hole extrusion port end surface shape 1031.

The temperature range of the first feeding zone 71 of the melting cylinder is 25-55 ℃, the temperature range of the second mixing zone 72 is 45-75 ℃, the temperature range of the third shearing zone 73 is 60-95 ℃, and the temperature range of the fourth cooking zone 74 is 70-150 ℃; the extruder barrel 4 is integral and has a temperature range of 95-130 ℃.

A method of extrusion processing using a multi-component mixing dual input screw extrusion apparatus as described, said method comprising the steps of:

1) Before extrusion begins, two different protein powders are used as raw materials and are respectively put into two heat-insulating feeding devices 9, and a water tank is connected with a water injection port 8;

the extrusion molding assembly 1 is arranged at the tail end of a die orifice element 2, and the flow interception state is switched to the flow guide state by adjusting a rotary positioning block 108 of a sliding baffle 104, so that circular, rectangular and round hole-shaped extrusion products are extruded;

the melting screw 13 is formed by splicing and self-assembling screw elements 24 with different screw pitches and a self-assembling meshing sheet 23 with a ring magnet 231 in the center through building blocks;

target temperature values of different sections of the melting machine barrel 7 are set through a human-computer interaction interface 22 for preheating; wherein the temperature range of the first feeding zone 71 is 35-45 ℃, the temperature range of the second mixing zone 72 is 45-55 ℃, the temperature range of the third shearing zone 73 is 80-90 ℃, and the temperature range of the fourth cooking zone 74 is 130-150 ℃;

the temperature of extruder barrel 4 ranged from 130 ℃;

2) After the temperatures of the melting cylinder 7 of the front-end double-input extrusion melting zone 6 and the extruder cylinder 4 of the rear-end extrusion mixing zone 3 reach preset temperatures +/-2 ℃, starting a melting screw driving component and an extrusion screw driving component, and setting the rotating speed values of the melting screw 13 of the front-end double-input extrusion melting zone 6 and the extrusion screw 14 of the rear-end extrusion mixing zone 3 to be 70rpm through a human-computer interaction interface 22;

after the rotating speed is stable, starting the heat-insulation feeding device 9 and opening a water outlet of the water tank, and mixing the raw material powder with water in a front-end double-input extrusion melting area 6 through the heat-insulation feeding device 9 to form a protein melt with the water content of 60%;

the power provided by the melting screw driving motor 121 is used for shearing, mixing, compressing and stirring the materials, a melt with fluidity is formed in an independent temperature control section, and the melt flows under the axial driving force; and enters the rear-end extrusion mixing zone 3 through the melt conveying component 5;

3) In the extrusion process, the protein melt material is regulated and controlled by regulating a flow control valve of the melt conveying component 5 to regulate and control the inlet flow of the rear-end extrusion mixing zone 3 under different components, and then is sheared and mixed again by an extrusion screw 14 in the rear-end extrusion mixing zone 3 to form a blend melt;

4) Finally, the blend melt is extruded through a die element 2 and a uniform, stable extrusion product in the form of rectangular, round and round bars is obtained by means of the extrusion molding assembly 1.

1) Before extrusion begins, protein powder and grain powder are taken as raw materials and are respectively put into two heat-insulating feeding devices 9, and a water tank is connected with a water injection port 8;

target temperature values of different sections of the melting machine barrel 7 are set through a human-computer interaction interface 22 for preheating; wherein, the temperature range of the first feeding zone 71 of the melting machine barrel added with the albumen powder is 45-45 ℃, the temperature range of the second mixing zone 72 is 50-55 ℃, the temperature range of the third shearing zone 73 is 80-90 ℃, and the temperature range of the fourth cooking zone 74 is 130-150 ℃;

the temperature of the first feeding zone 71 of the melting cylinder where the cereal flour is added ranges from 28 to 33 ℃, the temperature of the second mixing zone 72 ranges from 53 to 65 ℃, the temperature of the third shearing zone 73 ranges from 70 to 95 ℃, and the temperature of the fourth cooking zone 74 ranges from 115 to 125 ℃;

the temperature of extruder barrel 4 was in the range of 120 ℃;

after the rotating speed is stable, starting the heat-insulating feeding device 9 and opening a water outlet of the water tank, and respectively mixing the raw material powder with water in a front-end double-input extrusion melting area 6 through the heat-insulating feeding device 9 to form a protein melt with the water content of 60% and a grain melt with the water content of 20%;

3) In the extrusion process, the melt materials of the protein and the grains are regulated and controlled by regulating a flow control valve of the melt conveying component 5 so as to regulate and control the inlet flow of the rear-end extrusion mixing area 3 under different components, and then are sheared and mixed again by an extrusion screw 14 in the rear-end extrusion mixing area 3 to form a blend melt;

1) Before extrusion begins, protein powder and polysaccharide are used as raw materials and are respectively put into two heat-insulating feeding devices 9, and a water tank is connected with a water injection port 8;

the extrusion molding assembly 1 is arranged at the tail end of the die orifice element 2, and the flow interception state is switched to the flow guide state by adjusting the rotary positioning block 108 of the sliding baffle plate 104, so that circular, rectangular and round hole-shaped extrusion products are extruded;

the melting screw 13 is formed by splicing and self-assembling screw elements 24 with different pitches and a self-assembling meshing sheet 23 which contains a ring magnet 231 in the middle core in a building block manner;

target temperature values of different sections of the melting machine barrel 7 are set through a human-computer interaction interface 22 for preheating; wherein, the temperature range of the first feeding zone 71 of the melting machine barrel added with the albumen powder is 35-45 ℃, the temperature range of the second mixing zone 72 is 50-55 ℃, the temperature range of the third shearing zone 73 is 80-90 ℃, and the temperature range of the fourth cooking zone 74 is 130-150 ℃;

the temperature of the first feeding zone 71 of the melting cylinder for adding the polysaccharide is 28-33 ℃, the temperature of the second mixing zone 72 is 45-55 ℃, the temperature of the third shearing zone 73 is 60-70 ℃, and the temperature of the fourth cooking zone 74 is 70-85 ℃;

the temperature of extruder barrel 4 was in the range of 100 ℃;

after the rotating speed is stable, starting the heat-insulating feeding device 9 and opening a water outlet of the water tank, and respectively mixing the raw material powder with water in a front-end double-input extrusion melting area 6 through the heat-insulating feeding device 9 to form a protein melt with the water content of 60% and a polysaccharide melt with the water content of 40%;

3) In the extrusion process, the melt material of the protein and the polysaccharide is regulated and controlled by regulating a flow control valve of the melt conveying component 5 so as to regulate and control the inlet flow of the rear-end extrusion mixing area 3 under different components, and then is sheared and mixed again by an extrusion screw 14 in the rear-end extrusion mixing area 3 to form a blend melt;

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

in the invention, a traditional screw extruder is improved, a double-screw machine barrel with independent section temperature control is adopted to pretreat materials, and the materials are stirred, mixed and cooked to be led to be merged into the screw extruder in a molten state for remixing. The melt input is used for replacing the traditional powder input, so that the proportional mixing uniformity among different components is improved. The flow control valve at the end of the melt conveying component effectively controls the mixing flow, thereby ensuring the quality of the extruded product and simultaneously enhancing the operability and the production continuity.

In the invention, by arranging the detachable shaft sleeve 91 and the heat-insulating waterproof gasket 94 of the feeding device, material denaturation possibly caused by reverse conduction of the temperature of the machine barrel can be effectively avoided, and the cooling effect is improved. And quantitative and stable input of materials is realized through the flow control valve 92, and orderly production procedures are ensured. Meanwhile, a transparent high-strength high-temperature-resistant material is selected to observe whether powder materials are softened, adhered and block the discharge port in the feeding process, and the preferred material is a special transparent material Pasmo.

In the invention, the extruder barrel temperature sensor 17, the extruder barrel pressure sensor 18, the melting barrel temperature sensor 19 and the melting barrel pressure sensor 20 are arranged, so that the temperature of the materials in the shearing, mixing and cooking sections and the pressure of the extrusion tail end can be accurately sensed, and the materials are electrically connected with the control system 21, so that the circulating water pump and the heating system 15 are controlled to be switched on and off, the materials in different sections are accurately and quickly heated, cooled and monitored by pressure, the requirement of quick production is met, the sensitivity is higher, the special temperature control requirements of different materials are met, and the automatic production level is improved according to the requirements.

In the invention, by arranging the optimized extrusion molding module, a rectangular, round or round strip-shaped uniform and stable extrusion product is obtained, and the diversity of the shapes of the extrusion products is realized. And the switching of two states of diversion and interception of the materials is realized by rotating the positioning block 108, and the adjustability in the production process is ensured. In addition, the three-way extrusion molding module contains a temperature control circulating water jacket, so that the temperature of the module can be accurately controlled.

In the invention, the self-adjustment and diversity of the length of the meshing block are realized by arranging the self-assembly meshing piece 23 to meet different requirements of different materials, and in addition, the ring-shaped magnet 231 embedded in the center of the meshing piece increases the suction force among the meshing pieces, thereby ensuring the fastening connection of screw elements.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a multi-component mixing dual input screw extrusion apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a multi-component mixing dual-input screw extrusion apparatus of the present invention (wherein the upper half of the front-end dual-input extrusion melting zone 6 is a half sectional view and the lower half is a full sectional view).

FIG. 3 is a schematic connection diagram of the control system 21 of a multi-component mixing dual input screw extrusion apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an insulated feeding device 9 of a multi-component mixing dual input screw extrusion apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a removable bushing 91 of the insulated feeding unit 9 of the multi-component mixing dual input screw extrusion apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 6-1 is a schematic illustration of a self-assembling intermeshed sheet 23 of a multi-component mixed dual input screw extrusion apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 6-2 is a schematic illustration of the melting screw 13 of a multi-component mixing dual input screw extrusion apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a three-way extrusion molding die set of a multi-component mixing dual input screw extrusion apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 8-1 isbase:Sub>A sectional viewbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of fig. 7.

Fig. 8-2 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 7.

Fig. 8-3 are cross-sectional views C-C of fig. 7.

FIG. 9 is a schematic connection diagram of the temperature control cycle device of the three-way extrusion molding module of the multi-component mixing dual-input screw extrusion apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of three slide baffles 104 of a three-way extrusion die set of a multi-component mixing dual input screw extrusion apparatus of the present invention.

Wherein the reference numerals are:

1. extrusion molding assembly 2, die element

3. Rear end extrusion mixing zone 4, extruder barrel

5. Melt conveying assembly 6 and front end double-input type extrusion melting area

7. Melting barrel 70, knock-out groove

71. First feeding zone 72, second mixing zone

73. Third shearing zone 74, fourth cooking zone

8. Water filling port 9, heat insulation feeding device

91. Detachable shaft sleeve 911 and nut

912. Buffer heat conduction layer 913 and connecting column

92. Flow control valve 93, elastic rubber damper layer

94. Heat-insulating waterproof gasket 10 and gearbox

111. Melting screw speed reducer 112 and extrusion screw speed reducer

121. Melting screw drive motor 122 and extrusion screw drive motor

13. Melting screw 14 and extrusion screw

15. Heating system 16 and water cooling system

17. Extruder barrel temperature sensor 18 and extruder barrel pressure sensor

19. Melting cylinder temperature sensor 20 and melting cylinder pressure sensor

21. Control system 22, human-computer interaction interface

23. Self-assembled engaging piece 231 and ring magnet

24. Screw element

101. Circular extrusion port 1011 and circular extrusion port end face shape

102. Rectangular extrusion port 1021 and rectangular extrusion port end face shape

103. Round hole shaped extrusion port 1031, round hole shaped extrusion port end face shape

104. Sliding baffle 105, water outlet

106. Handle 107, closure plate

108. Rotary positioning block 109 and guide plate

Detailed Description

The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a multi-component mixing dual input screw extrusion apparatus of the present invention comprises a screw extruder body, an extrusion molding assembly 1, a die member 2, an insulated feeding device 9, and a control system 21.

The screw extruder body comprises a front-end double-input extrusion melting zone 6, a rear-end extrusion mixing zone 3 and a melt conveying assembly 5 positioned between the front-end double-input extrusion melting zone 6 and the rear-end extrusion mixing zone 3.

The front end dual input extrusion melting zone 6 includes two melting barrels 7 with separate temperature control systems of different sections. The horizontal angle between the two melting barrels 7 ranges from 0 to 180 degrees. The two melting barrels 7 respectively contain a group of detachable melting screws 13, and the power of the melting screws 13 is derived from a melting screw driving component connected with the melting screws.

The rear extrusion mixing zone 3 includes an extruder barrel 4. The extruder barrel 4 contains a set of removable extrusion screws 14. The extrusion screws 14 are powered by an extrusion screw drive assembly connected thereto.

The feeding end of each melting machine barrel 7 is connected with an outlet of the heat insulation feeding device 9, and the discharging end of each melting machine barrel 7 is connected with an inlet of the melt conveying assembly 5. The inlet of the water injection port 8 is connected with the water tank through a rubber tube via a peristaltic pump. The outlet of the insulated feed device 9, the outlet of the water injection port 8, and the inlet of the melt conveying assembly 5 communicate with the internal chamber of the melting barrel 7 without interfering with the rotation of the engaged melting screw 13.

The feed end of the rear-end extrusion mixing zone 3 is connected with the outlet of the melt conveying component 5, and the discharge end of the rear-end extrusion mixing zone 3 is connected with the die orifice component 2. The outlet of the die element 2 is connected to the extrusion assembly 1.

The melt delivery assembly 5 is provided with a flow control valve. The molten stream flows through the melt delivery assembly 5 into the back end extrusion mixing zone 3 for shear mixing, and the continuously rotating extrusion screw 14 pushes the molten stream to the die element 2 and through the extrusion assembly 1 to form the final extruded product.

Preferably, the melting cylinder 7 of the double-input extrusion melting zone 6 and the extruder cylinder 4 of the rear extrusion mixing zone 3 are arranged horizontally.

The melting screw drive assembly includes a gearbox 10, a melting screw reducer 111, and a melting screw drive motor 121. The power output shaft of the melting screw drive motor 121 is connected to the input shaft of the melting screw reducer 111, the output shaft of the melting screw reducer 111 is connected to the input shaft of the transmission case 10, and the output shaft of the transmission case 10 is connected to the melting screw 13.

The extrusion screw drive assembly includes an extrusion screw reducer 112 and an extrusion screw drive motor 122. The power output shaft of the extrusion screw drive motor 122 is connected to the input shaft of the extrusion screw reducer 112, and the output shaft of the extrusion screw reducer 112 is connected to the extrusion screw 14.

As shown in FIGS. 6-1 and 6-2, the self-assembled engaging piece 23 is connected in series with the other screw elements 24 to the melting screw 13 and fixed to the melting screw 13 by a key connection. The ring magnet 231 is embedded in the center of the self-assembly engaging piece 23 for the absorption between different self-assembly engaging pieces 23.

The thickness of the self-assembled engaging piece 23 is 0.5 to 2mm, preferably 1mm. The angle between different self-assembly meshing pieces 23 is automatically adjusted through the limiting grooves of the screw shaft, and the angle range is 0-180 degrees. The preferred stagger angle between two adjacent self-assembled engaging pieces 23 is 10 to 45 degrees. The optimal staggered angle is 36 degrees, and the corresponding number of meshed sheets is 5. The self-adjustment and diversity of the length of the meshing block are realized by arranging the self-assembly meshing piece 23 so as to meet different requirements of different materials. In addition, a ring-shaped magnet 231 embedded in the center of the engaging pieces increases the attraction force and fastening connection between the engaging pieces 23.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the insulated feeding device 9 comprises a feeding funnel, a detachable bushing 91, a flow control valve 92, an elastic rubber shock-absorbing layer 93 and an insulated waterproof gasket 94. Wherein, the feeding funnel is a transparent high-strength high-temperature-resistant material to observe whether powder materials are softened and adhered to block the discharge hole in the feeding process, and the preferable material is a Pammo Pasmo special transparent material.

The detachable shaft sleeve 91 is arranged at the bottom of the feeding funnel. The cover body of the detachable shaft sleeve 91 is divided into two cover body parts which are bilaterally symmetrical, the upper ends of the two cover body parts are movably connected through a connecting column 913, and nuts 911 are arranged at the lower ends of the two cover body parts, so that the feeding funnel can be clamped by adjusting the axial size through the nuts 911.

The buffer heat conducting layer 912 is bonded to the inner side wall surface of the detachable shaft sleeve 91. The cushioning and heat-conducting layer 912 is preferably rubber-plastic sponge. The elastic rubber shock-absorbing layer 93 is bonded at the bottom of the feeding hopper, and the heat-insulating waterproof gasket 94 is bonded at the bottom of the elastic rubber shock-absorbing layer 93, so that heat conduction between the melting machine barrel 7 and the heat-insulating feeding device 9 is effectively prevented, and the cooling effect is improved.

The flow control valve 92 is mounted at the end of the insulated feeding device 9 and the feeding amount is adjusted manually.

As shown in fig. 2, the extruder barrel 4 and the melting barrel 7 are provided with axially distributed removal grooves 70 in the lateral direction of the extruder barrel 4 and the melting barrel 7. After the removal groove 70 is cut and broken along the longitudinal direction thereof, the inner cavity is opened, and the melting screw 13 inside the melting cylinder 7 and the extrusion screw 14 inside the extrusion cylinder 4 are taken out, cleaned and maintained separately.

As shown in FIG. 7, a preferred three-way extrusion molding die set for the die element 2 of a multi-component mixing dual input screw extrusion apparatus of the present invention is coated with a circulating water jacket whose temperature is controlled by a heating and cooling circulator. As shown in fig. 9, the heating and cooling circulator includes a water inlet, a temperature-controlled water tank, and a water outlet 105, wherein the water inlet and the water outlet 105 are respectively connected and communicated with the circulating water jacket, and the water inlet, the temperature-controlled water tank, and the water outlet 105 are sequentially connected and communicated through a pipeline. The temperature control water tank comprises a circulating water pump and a heating and cooling device and is electrically connected with the control system 21.

Preferably, the three-way extrusion molding die set has extrusion ports in the shapes of a circular extrusion port 101, a rectangular extrusion port 102 and a circular extrusion port 103, and includes three sliding baffles 104 for switching between a flow guiding state and a flow stopping state. As shown in fig. 8-1, 8-2, and 8-3, the circular extrusion port 101 has a circular extrusion port end surface shape 1011, the rectangular extrusion port 102 has a rectangular extrusion port end surface shape 1021, and the circular extrusion port 103 has a circular extrusion port end surface shape 1031.

As shown in fig. 10, the sliding bezel 104 includes a handle 106, a shut off plate 107, a deflector plate 109, and a rotating positioning block 108. The handle 106 is fixed on the outer ends of the cut-off plate 107 and the guide plate 109, and the rotary positioning block 108 is fixed between the cut-off plate 107 and the guide plate 109. The end surface shape of the deflector 109 provided at the circular extrusion port 101 is the same as the circular extrusion port end surface shape 1011. The end face shape of the deflector 109 provided at the rectangular extrusion port 102 is the same as the rectangular extrusion port end face shape 1021. The end surface shape of the deflector 109 provided at the round-hole extrusion port 103 is the same as the round-hole extrusion port end surface shape 1031.

The sliding baffle 104 can effectively switch the two states of diversion and interception of the sliding baffle, thereby meeting the requirements of different extruded products on size and shape.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the melting cylinder 7 is divided into four regions, namely a first feeding region 71, a second mixing region 72, a third shearing region 73 and a fourth cooking region 74 with independent temperature control, and a heat-insulating waterproof pad is attached to the inner side wall surface between the different regions. Preferably, the temperature of the first feeding zone 71 is in the range of 25 to 55 deg.C, the temperature of the second mixing zone 72 is in the range of 45 to 75 deg.C, the temperature of the third shearing zone 73 is in the range of 60 to 95 deg.C, and the temperature of the fourth cooking zone 74 is in the range of 70 to 150 deg.C.

Extruder barrel 4 is monolithic and the preferred temperature is 95-130 ℃.

The extruder barrel temperature sensor 17 is arranged inside the extruder barrel 4, and the plurality of melting barrel temperature sensors 19 are respectively arranged inside the first feeding zone 71, the second mixing zone 72, the third shearing zone 73 and the fourth cooking zone 74 which are independently controlled in temperature of the melting barrel 7, and are used for carrying out temperature detection and regulation on the material temperature at the tail end of the extruder barrel 4 and the barrel temperatures of different sections inside the melting barrel 7, wherein the temperature range is 15-300 ℃. An extruder barrel pressure sensor 18 is disposed within extruder barrel 4, and a plurality of melt barrel pressure sensors 20 are disposed within first feed zone 71, second mixing zone 72, third shearing zone 73, and fourth cooking zone 74 of melt barrel 7, each of which is independently temperature controlled, the range of pressure sensors being-0.1 MPa to 1.5MPa.

The extruder barrel 4 and the melting barrel 7 are internally provided with a heating system 15 and a water cooling system 16.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the control system 21 is independent from the screw extruder body, and is electrically connected to the heating system 15, the water cooling system 16, the extruder barrel temperature sensor 17, the extruder barrel pressure sensor 18, the melting barrel temperature sensor 19, the melting barrel pressure sensor 20 and the human-computer interface 22, respectively, and monitors the temperature, pressure and flow parameters of the materials inside the extruder barrel 4 and the melting barrel 7 by means of the extruder barrel temperature sensor 17, the extruder barrel pressure sensor 18, the melting barrel temperature sensor 19 and the melting barrel pressure sensor 20 during the extrusion process, and performs program control and function switching on the heating system 15 and the water cooling system 16, so as to realize accurate regulation and control of the barrel temperature.

The control system 21 controls the circulating water pump and the heating system 15 to be turned on and off by acquiring temperature data sent by the extruder barrel temperature sensor 17 and the melting barrel temperature sensor 19, further, temperature regulation of materials in the extruder barrel 4 and the melting barrel 7 is realized, the temperature in the extruder barrel 4 and the melting barrel 7 is prevented from being too high, the effect of rapid temperature control is achieved, and the production requirements are met; meanwhile, the material at the feed inlets of the extruder barrel 4 and the melting barrel 7 is prevented from being bonded, and the ordered production is ensured. The human-computer interface 22 is communicated with the control system 21 through a power line and a signal line.

An extrusion processing method of the multi-component mixed double-input screw extrusion equipment comprises the following steps:

1. before the extrusion is started, two different protein powders are used as raw materials and are respectively put into two heat-insulating feeding devices 9, and a water tank is connected with a water injection port 8.

Preferably, the protein powder comprises pea protein powder, soybean protein powder, peanut protein powder, wheat gluten and egg white protein powder.

The extrusion molding assembly 1 is installed at the end of the die orifice member 2, and is switched from a shut-off state to a flow guide state by adjusting the rotary positioning block 108 of the sliding baffle 104, thereby extruding round, rectangular and round-hole shaped extrusion products.

Preferably, the melting screw 13 is formed by splicing and self-assembling screw elements 24 with different pitches and a self-assembled meshing piece 23 containing a ring magnet 231 in the center through a building block mode.

Preferably, the self-assembly engaging piece 23 is 5 engaging pieces with the thickness of 1mm and the stagger angle of 36 degrees.

The target temperature values of different sections of the melting machine barrel 7 are set through the human-computer interface 22 for preheating. Wherein the temperature of the first feeding zone 71 is in the range of 35 to 45 ℃, the temperature of the second mixing zone 72 is in the range of 45 to 55 ℃, the temperature of the third shearing zone 73 is in the range of 80 to 90 ℃, and the temperature of the fourth cooking zone 74 is in the range of 130 to 150 ℃.

The temperature range of extruder barrel 4 was 130 ℃.

2. After the temperatures of the melting cylinder 7 of the front-end dual-input extrusion melting zone 6 and the extruder cylinder 4 of the rear-end extrusion mixing zone 3 reach predetermined temperatures +/-2 ℃, the melting screw driving component and the extrusion screw driving component are started, and the rotating speed values of the melting screw 13 of the front-end dual-input extrusion melting zone 6 and the extrusion screw 14 of the rear-end extrusion mixing zone 3 are set to be 70rpm through the human-computer interaction interface 22.

After the rotating speed is stable, the heat-insulating feeding device 9 is started and the water outlet of the water tank is opened, and the raw material powder is mixed with water in the front-end double-input extrusion melting area 6 through the heat-insulating feeding device 9 to form a protein melt with the water content of 60%.

The power provided by the melting screw driving motor 121 shears, mixes, compresses and stirs the materials, and forms a melt with strong fluidity under an independent temperature control section, and generates strong fluidity under the axial driving force. And enters the back end extrusion mixing zone 3 through melt delivery assembly 5.

3. In the extrusion process, the protein melt material is regulated and controlled by regulating the flow control valve of the melt conveying component 5 to regulate and control the inlet flow of the rear-end extrusion mixing zone 3 under different components, and then is sheared and mixed again by the extrusion screw 14 in the rear-end extrusion mixing zone 3 to form a blend melt.

4. Finally, the blend melt is extruded through a die element 2 and a uniform, stable extrusion product in the form of rectangular, round and round bars is obtained by means of the extrusion molding assembly 1.

1. before the extrusion is started, albumen powder and grain powder are taken as raw materials and are respectively put into two heat-insulating feeding devices 9, and a water tank is connected with a water injection port 8.

Preferably, the protein powder is pea protein and the cereal is oat flour.

Preferably, the melting screw 13 is formed by self-assembling engaging pieces 23 containing ring magnets 231 and screw elements 24 with different pitches through building block splicing.

The target temperature values of different sections of the melting machine barrel 7 are set through the human-computer interface 22 for preheating. Wherein, the temperature range of the first feeding zone 71 of the melting machine barrel added with the albumen powder is 45-45 ℃, the temperature range of the second mixing zone 72 is 50-55 ℃, the temperature range of the third shearing zone 73 is 80-90 ℃, and the temperature range of the fourth cooking zone 74 is 130-150 ℃.

The temperature of the first feeding zone 71 of the melting barrel where the cereal flour is added ranges from 28 to 33 ℃, the temperature of the second mixing zone 72 ranges from 53 to 65 ℃, the temperature of the third shearing zone 73 ranges from 70 to 95 ℃, and the temperature of the fourth cooking zone 74 ranges from 115 to 125 ℃.

The temperature range of extruder barrel 4 was 120 ℃.

2. After the temperatures of the melting cylinder 7 of the front-end dual-input extrusion melting zone 6 and the extruder cylinder 4 of the rear-end extrusion mixing zone 3 reach preset temperatures +/-2 ℃, the melting screw driving component and the extrusion screw driving component are started, and the rotating speed values of the melting screw 13 of the front-end dual-input extrusion melting zone 6 and the extrusion screw 14 of the rear-end extrusion mixing zone 3 are set to be 70rpm through the human-computer interaction interface 22.

After the rotating speed is stable, the heat-insulating feeding device 9 is started, the water outlet of the water tank is opened, and the raw material powder is mixed with water in the front-end double-input extrusion melting area 6 through the heat-insulating feeding device 9 to form a protein melt with the water content of 60% and a grain melt with the water content of 20%.

3. During the extrusion process, the melt materials of the protein and the grains are regulated and controlled by regulating the flow control valve of the melt conveying component 5 so as to regulate and control the inlet flow of the rear-end extrusion mixing area 3 under different components, and then are sheared and mixed again by the extrusion screw 14 in the rear-end extrusion mixing area 3 to form a blend melt.

1. before the extrusion is started, protein powder and polysaccharide are used as raw materials and are respectively put into two heat-insulating feeding devices 9, and a water tank is connected with a water injection port 8.

Preferably, the protein powder is pea protein powder, and the polysaccharide is starch.

The target temperature values of different sections of the melting cylinder 7 are set through the human-computer interface 22 for preheating. Wherein, the temperature range of the first feeding zone 71 of the melting machine barrel added with the albumen powder is 35-45 ℃, the temperature range of the second mixing zone 72 is 50-55 ℃, the temperature range of the third shearing zone 73 is 80-90 ℃, and the temperature range of the fourth cooking zone 74 is 130-150 ℃.

The temperature range of the first feeding zone 71 of the melting cylinder where the polysaccharide is added is 28-33 ℃, the temperature range of the second mixing zone 72 is 45-55 ℃, the temperature range of the third shearing zone 73 is 60-70 ℃, and the temperature range of the fourth cooking zone 74 is 70-85 ℃.

The temperature range of extruder barrel 4 was 100 ℃.

After the rotating speed is stable, the heat-insulating feeding device 9 is started, the water outlet of the water tank is opened, and the raw material powder is mixed with water in the front-end double-input extrusion melting area 6 through the heat-insulating feeding device 9 to form a protein melt with the water content of 60% and a polysaccharide melt with the water content of 40%.

3. During the extrusion process, the melt material of the protein and the polysaccharide is regulated and controlled by regulating the flow control valve of the melt conveying component 5 to regulate and control the inlet flow of the rear-end extrusion mixing area 3 under different components, and then is sheared and mixed again by the extrusion screw 14 in the rear-end extrusion mixing area 3 to form a blend melt.

In conclusion, the invention can control the mixing proportion of the raw materials, effectively prevent the materials in the hopper from being adhered, and accurately control the extrusion temperature, time and extrusion shape of different materials, thereby obtaining the optimal characteristics of the raw materials and improving the uniformity and quality characteristics of the extruded product.

Claims

1. A multi-component mixing dual input screw extrusion apparatus characterized by: the equipment comprises a screw extruder body, an extrusion molding assembly (1), a die orifice element (2), a heat-insulating feeding device (9) and a control system (21);

the screw extruder body comprises a front-end double-input extrusion melting area (6), a rear-end extrusion mixing area (3) and a melt conveying assembly (5) positioned between the front-end double-input extrusion melting area (6) and the rear-end extrusion mixing area (3);

the front end double input type extrusion melting zone (6) comprises two melting machine barrels (7) with independent temperature control systems of different sections; the two melting machine barrels (7) respectively contain a group of detachable melting screws (13), and the power of the melting screws (13) is derived from a melting screw driving component connected with the melting screws;

the rear end extrusion mixing zone (3) comprises an extruder barrel (4); the extruder barrel (4) contains a group of detachable extrusion screws (14), and the power of the extrusion screws (14) is derived from an extrusion screw driving component connected with the extrusion screws;

the feeding end of each melting machine barrel (7) is connected with an outlet of the heat-insulating feeding device (9), and the discharging end of each melting machine barrel (7) is connected with an inlet of the melt conveying assembly (5); the inlet of the water injection port (8) is connected with the water tank through a peristaltic pump through a rubber tube; the outlet of the heat insulation feeding device (9), the outlet of the water injection port (8) and the inlet of the melt conveying assembly (5) are communicated with the inner cavity of the melting machine barrel (7), and the rotation of the engaged melting screw (13) is not influenced;

the feeding end of the rear-end extrusion mixing area (3) is connected with the outlet of the melt conveying component (5), and the discharging end of the rear-end extrusion mixing area (3) is connected with the die orifice element (2); the outlet of the die element (2) is connected with the extrusion molding component (1);

the melt conveying component (5) is provided with a flow control valve; the molten fluid flows into a rear-end extrusion mixing zone (3) through a melt conveying assembly (5) for shearing and mixing, the molten fluid is pushed to a die orifice element (2) by an extrusion screw (14) which rotates continuously, and a final extrusion product is formed through an extrusion molding assembly (1);

the melting screw driving component comprises a gearbox (10), a melting screw reducer (111) and a melting screw driving motor (121); the power output shaft of the melting screw driving motor (121) is connected with the input shaft of the melting screw reducer (111), the output shaft of the melting screw reducer (111) is connected with the input shaft of the gearbox (10), and the output shaft of the gearbox (10) is connected with the melting screw (13);

the extrusion screw drive assembly comprises an extrusion screw reducer (112) and an extrusion screw drive motor (122); the power output shaft of the extrusion screw driving motor (122) is connected with the input shaft of the extrusion screw reducer (112), and the output shaft of the extrusion screw reducer (112) is connected with the extrusion screw (14);

the heat insulation feeding device (9) comprises a feeding hopper, a detachable shaft sleeve (91), a flow control valve (92), an elastic rubber shock absorption layer (93) and a heat insulation waterproof gasket (94);

the detachable shaft sleeve (91) is arranged at the bottom of the feeding funnel; the sleeve body of the detachable shaft sleeve (91) is divided into two sleeve body components which are bilaterally symmetrical, the upper ends of the two sleeve body components are movably connected through a connecting column (913), the lower ends of the two sleeve body components are provided with nuts (911), and the axial size is adjusted through the nuts (911) so as to clamp the feeding funnel;

the buffer heat conduction layer (912) is bonded on the inner side wall surface of the detachable shaft sleeve (91); an elastic rubber shock absorption layer (93) is bonded at the bottom of the feeding hopper, and a heat insulation waterproof gasket (94) is bonded at the bottom of the elastic rubber shock absorption layer (93);

the flow control valve (92) is arranged at the tail end of the heat insulation feeding device (9), and the feeding amount is adjusted in a manual mode;

the melting machine barrel (7) is divided into four areas, namely a first feeding area (71), a second mixing area (72), a third shearing area (73) and a fourth cooking area (74) which are independently controlled in temperature, and heat-insulating waterproof pads are attached to the inner side wall surfaces among the different areas;

the extruder barrel temperature sensor (17) is arranged inside the extruder barrel (4), and the plurality of melting barrel temperature sensors (19) are respectively arranged inside a first feeding zone (71), a second mixing zone (72), a third shearing zone (73) and a fourth cooking zone (74) which are independently controlled in temperature of the melting barrel (7) and are used for detecting and regulating the temperature of the material at the tail end of the extruder barrel (4) and the barrel temperature of different sections inside the melting barrel (7); an extruder barrel pressure sensor (18) is arranged inside the extruder barrel (4), and a plurality of melting barrel pressure sensors (20) are respectively arranged inside a first feeding zone (71), a second mixing zone (72), a third shearing zone (73) and a fourth cooking zone (74) of the melting barrel (7) which are independently controlled in temperature;

a heating system (15) and a water cooling system (16) are arranged in the extruder barrel (4) and the melting barrel (7);

the control system (21) is respectively electrically connected with the heating system (15), the water cooling system (16), the extruder barrel temperature sensor (17), the extruder barrel pressure sensor (18), the melting barrel temperature sensor (19), the melting barrel pressure sensor (20) and the human-computer interaction interface (22), monitors the temperature, pressure and flow parameters of materials inside the extruder barrel (4) and the melting barrel (7) by the extruder barrel temperature sensor (17), the extruder barrel pressure sensor (18), the melting barrel temperature sensor (19) and the melting barrel pressure sensor (20) in the extrusion process, and performs program control and function switching on the heating system (15) and the water cooling system (16), so that the accurate regulation and control of the barrel temperature are realized;

the man-machine interaction interface (22) is communicated with the control system (21) through a power line and a signal line.

2. A multi-component mixing dual input screw extrusion apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the self-assembly meshing piece (23) and other screw elements (24) are connected in series with the melting screw (13) and are fixed on the melting screw (13) through key connection; the ring magnet (231) is embedded in the center of the self-assembly engaging piece (23) and is used for adsorption among different self-assembly engaging pieces (23).

3. The multi-component mixing dual input screw extrusion apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the thickness of the self-assembly meshing sheet (23) is 0.5-2 mm; the angle between different self-assembly meshing pieces (23) is automatically adjusted through the limiting groove of the screw shaft, and the angle range is 0-180 degrees; the staggered angle between two adjacent self-assembly meshing sheets (23) is 10-45 degrees.

4. A multi-component mixing dual input screw extrusion apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein: the optimal staggered angle is 36 degrees, and the corresponding number of meshed sheets is 5.

5. The multi-component mixing dual input screw extrusion apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the die orifice element (2) is a three-way extrusion molding module, is coated with a layer of circulating water jacket, and the temperature of the circulating water jacket is controlled by a heating and refrigerating circulator; the heating and refrigerating circulator comprises a water inlet, a temperature control water tank and a water outlet (105), wherein the water inlet and the water outlet (105) are respectively communicated with the circulating water jacket, and the water inlet, the temperature control water tank and the water outlet (105) are sequentially communicated through pipelines; wherein the temperature control water tank comprises a circulating water pump and a heating and cooling device and is electrically connected with the control system (21).

6. The multi-component mixing dual input screw extrusion apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the three-way extrusion molding module is provided with extrusion ports which are respectively a round extrusion port (101), a rectangular extrusion port (102) and a round hole-shaped extrusion port (103), and comprises three sliding baffles (104) for switching a flow guiding state and a flow stopping state; wherein the circular extrusion opening (101) has a circular extrusion opening end surface shape (1011), the rectangular extrusion opening (102) has a rectangular extrusion opening end surface shape (1021), and the round hole-shaped extrusion opening (103) has a round hole-shaped extrusion opening end surface shape (1031);

the sliding baffle (104) comprises a handle (106), a cut-off plate (107), a guide plate (109) and a rotary positioning block (108); the handle (106) is respectively fixedly connected with the outer ends of the intercepting plate (107) and the guide plate (109), and the rotary positioning block (108) is fixedly connected between the intercepting plate (107) and the guide plate (109); the end surface shape of the guide plate (109) arranged at the round extrusion opening (101) is the same as the end surface shape (1011) of the round extrusion opening; the end face shape of the guide plate (109) arranged at the rectangular extrusion opening (102) is the same as the end face shape (1021) of the rectangular extrusion opening; the end face shape of the deflector (109) arranged at the round hole-shaped extrusion opening (103) is the same as the end face shape (1031) of the round hole-shaped extrusion opening.

7. The multi-component mixing dual input screw extrusion apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the first feeding zone (71) of the melting cylinder (7) ranges from 25 to 55 ℃, the temperature of the second mixing zone (72) ranges from 45 to 75 ℃, the temperature of the third shearing zone (73) ranges from 60 to 95 ℃, and the temperature of the fourth cooking zone (74) ranges from 70 to 150 ℃; the extruder barrel (4) is integral and has a temperature range of 95-130 ℃.

8. An extrusion process using the multi-component mixing dual input screw extrusion apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:

1) Before extrusion begins, two different protein powders are used as raw materials and are respectively put into two heat-insulating feeding devices (9), and a water tank is connected with a water injection port (8);

the extrusion molding assembly (1) is arranged at the tail end of the die orifice element (2), and the flow interception state is switched to the flow guide state by adjusting the rotary positioning block (108) of the sliding baffle (104), so that circular, rectangular and round-hole-shaped extrusion products are extruded;

the melting screw (13) is formed by splicing and self-assembling screw elements (24) with different pitches and a self-assembling meshing sheet (23) containing a ring magnet (231) in the middle core in a building block manner;

target temperature values of different sections of the melting machine barrel (7) are set through a human-computer interaction interface (22) for preheating; wherein the temperature range of the first feeding zone (71) is 35-45 ℃, the temperature range of the second mixing zone (72) is 45-55 ℃, the temperature range of the third shearing zone (73) is 80-90 ℃, and the temperature range of the fourth cooking zone (74) is 130-150 ℃;

the temperature range of the extruder cylinder (4) is 130 ℃;

2) After the temperatures of a melting machine barrel (7) of the front-end double-input extrusion melting zone (6) and an extruder barrel (4) of the rear-end extrusion mixing zone (3) reach preset temperatures +/-2 ℃, starting a melting screw driving component and an extrusion screw driving component, and setting the rotating speed values of a melting screw (13) of the front-end double-input extrusion melting zone (6) and an extrusion screw (14) of the rear-end extrusion mixing zone (3) to be 70rpm through a human-computer interaction interface (22);

after the rotating speed is stable, starting the heat-insulating feeding device (9) and opening a water outlet of the water tank, and mixing the raw material powder with water in a front-end double-input extrusion melting area (6) through the heat-insulating feeding device (9) to form a protein melt with the water content of 60%;

the melting screw driving motor (121) provides power to shear, mix, compress and stir the materials, and melt with fluidity is formed in an independent temperature control section and flows under axial driving force; and enters the rear-end extrusion mixing zone (3) through the melt conveying component (5);

3) In the extrusion process, the protein melt material is regulated and controlled by regulating a flow control valve of the melt conveying component (5) to regulate and control the inlet flow of the rear-end extrusion mixing area (3) under different components, and then is sheared and mixed again by an extrusion screw (14) in the rear-end extrusion mixing area (3) to form a blend melt;

4) Finally, the blend melt is extruded through a die element (2) and a uniform, stable extrusion product in the form of rectangles, circles and bars is obtained by means of an extrusion molding assembly (1).

9. An extrusion process using the multi-component mixing dual input screw extrusion apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

1) Before extrusion begins, protein powder and grain powder are used as raw materials and are respectively put into two heat-insulating feeding devices (9), and a water tank is connected with a water injection port (8);

target temperature values of different sections of the melting machine barrel (7) are set through a human-computer interaction interface (22) for preheating; wherein, the temperature range of a first feeding area (71) of a melting cylinder (7) added with protein powder is 45-45 ℃, the temperature range of a second mixing area (72) is 50-55 ℃, the temperature range of a third shearing area (73) is 80-90 ℃, and the temperature range of a fourth cooking area (74) is 130-150 ℃;

the temperature range of a first feeding area (71) of a melting machine barrel (7) for adding the cereal powder is 28-33 ℃, the temperature range of a second mixing area (72) is 53-65 ℃, the temperature range of a third shearing area (73) is 70-95 ℃, and the temperature range of a fourth cooking area (74) is 115-125 ℃;

the temperature range of the extruder cylinder (4) is 120 ℃;

2) After the temperatures of a melting machine barrel (7) of a front-end double-input extrusion melting area (6) and an extruder barrel (4) of a rear-end extrusion mixing area (3) reach preset temperatures +/-2 ℃, a melting screw driving component and an extrusion screw driving component are started, and the rotating speed values of a melting screw (13) of the front-end double-input extrusion melting area (6) and an extrusion screw (14) of the rear-end extrusion mixing area (3) are set to be 70rpm through a human-computer interaction interface (22);

after the rotating speed is stable, starting a heat-insulating feeding device (9) and opening a water outlet of a water tank, and respectively mixing raw material powder with water in a front-end double-input extrusion melting area (6) through the heat-insulating feeding device (9) to form a protein melt with the water content of 60% and a grain melt with the water content of 20%;

3) In the extrusion process, the melt materials of the protein and the grains are regulated and controlled by regulating a flow control valve of a melt conveying component (5) so as to regulate and control the inlet flow of a rear-end extrusion mixing area (3) under different components, and then are sheared and mixed again by an extrusion screw (14) in the rear-end extrusion mixing area (3) to form a blend melt;

10. An extrusion process using the multi-component mixing dual input screw extrusion apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:

1) Before extrusion begins, protein powder and polysaccharide are used as raw materials and are respectively put into two heat-insulating feeding devices (9), and a water tank is connected with a water injection port (8);

target temperature values of different sections of the melting machine barrel (7) are set through a human-computer interaction interface (22) for preheating; wherein, the temperature range of a first feeding area (71) of a melting cylinder (7) added with protein powder is 35-45 ℃, the temperature range of a second mixing area (72) is 50-55 ℃, the temperature range of a third shearing area (73) is 80-90 ℃, and the temperature range of a fourth cooking area (74) is 130-150 ℃;

the temperature of a first feeding zone (71) of a melting machine barrel (7) for adding polysaccharide is in the range of 28-33 ℃, the temperature of a second mixing zone (72) is in the range of 45-55 ℃, the temperature of a third shearing zone (73) is in the range of 60-70 ℃, and the temperature of a fourth cooking zone (74) is in the range of 70-85 ℃;

the temperature range of the extruder cylinder (4) is 100 ℃;

after the rotating speed is stable, starting a heat insulation feeding device (9) and opening a water outlet of a water tank, and respectively mixing raw material powder with water in a front-end double-input extrusion melting area (6) through the heat insulation feeding device (9) to form a protein melt with the water content of 60% and a polysaccharide melt with the water content of 40%;

3) In the extrusion process, the melt material of the protein and the polysaccharide is regulated and controlled by regulating a flow control valve of a melt conveying component (5) so as to regulate and control the inlet flow of a rear-end extrusion mixing area (3) under different components, and then is sheared and mixed again by an extrusion screw (14) in the rear-end extrusion mixing area (3) to form a blend melt;