CN114847226A - Feeding management method for shortening nonpregnant period of sows - Google Patents
Feeding management method for shortening nonpregnant period of sows Download PDFInfo
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- CN114847226A CN114847226A CN202210511388.6A CN202210511388A CN114847226A CN 114847226 A CN114847226 A CN 114847226A CN 202210511388 A CN202210511388 A CN 202210511388A CN 114847226 A CN114847226 A CN 114847226A
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- sows
- sow
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- breeding
- estrus
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of livestock breeding, in particular to a feeding management method for shortening the nonpregnant period of sows; the method comprises the following steps: breeding replacement gilts; performing secondary B-ultrasonic pregnancy identification on the sows within 25-35 days after mating, and confirming nonpregnant sows and pregnant sows; the replacement gilts and the replacement gilts are fed by adopting a short-term optimal feeding technology to carry out free movement for 2-3 hours per day, and the replacement gilts are promoted to estrus by an auxiliary estrus promotion method. According to the invention, the second B-ultrasonic pregnancy identification is carried out on the sows within 25-35 days after the hybridization, whether the breeding sows are nonpregnant can be quickly identified, the nonpregnant sows can be timely found, if the breeding sows are nonpregnant sows, the breeding sows are intensively fed through an independent breeding fence, the replacement sows are fed by adopting a short-term optimal feeding technology and are freely moved for 2-3 hours per day, the replacement sows are assisted to promote oestrus by a method for promoting oestrus, the replacement sows are promoted to oestrus early, and multiple ova rows and early breeding are promoted, so that the nonpregnant period of the sows is greatly shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of livestock breeding, in particular to a feeding management method for shortening the nonpregnant period of sows.
Background
The nonpregnant sow refers to an unemployed or bred unpregnated sow, and comprises a replacement sow and a multiparous sow in the young. At present, the management aspect of shortening the nonpregnant period of the sows in each pig farm is not standardized, so that the conditions of no oestrus, less ovulation and inaccurate timing of hybridization of replacement sows occur in the feeding process of the replacement sows, the nonpregnant period of the replacement sows is greatly prolonged, and the economic benefit is low.
Therefore, a feeding management method for shortening the nonpregnant period of the sows is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a feeding management method for shortening the nonpregnant period of sows, and aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a feeding management method for shortening the nonpregnant period of sows comprises the following steps: breeding replacement sows which meet the breeding requirement, wherein the breeding requirement meets the requirements of 7-7.5 months of the initial age of the replacement sows, the weight of the replacement sows at least reaches 90 kg or 3-7 days after the birth of the multiparous sows after weaning, the back fat thickness of the replacement sows is 16-20 mm, and the second or third estrus; performing secondary B-ultrasonic pregnancy identification on the sows within 25-35 days after the mating, confirming non-pregnant sows and pregnant sows, and respectively transferring the non-pregnant sows and the pregnant sows to a mating fence and a pregnant fence, wherein the non-pregnant sows transferred to the mating fence are used as replacement sows again, and each mating fence consists of four sow monomer fences and a boar fence; the replacement gilts and the replacement gilts are fed by adopting a short-term optimal feeding technology to carry out free movement for 2-3 hours per day, and the replacement gilts are promoted to estrus by an auxiliary estrus promotion method; the method comprises the steps of identifying a replacement sow according to oestrus symptoms, determining whether the replacement sow is in an oestrus state, carrying out re-breeding on the oestrus sow, carrying out B-ultrasonic pregnancy identification on the bred sow, identifying the cause of sow infertility if the sow is empty, treating according to the cause of sow infertility, and eliminating sows with poor production performance if the sow is still in an infertility state after treatment.
Optionally, the replacement gilt which has reached the mating requirement is mated, and the mating time includes:
the breeding time of the sow for initial breeding: the estrus is bred for the first time in the morning on the next day, and then the breeding is bred for the second time and the third time at intervals of 8-12 hours, and the breeding is completed within two days;
the breeding time of the multiparous sows is as follows: if the sow is oestrous in the morning, mating for the first time in the afternoon, and mating for the second time and the third time in the morning and afternoon on the next day respectively; if the sow is oestrous in the afternoon, the sow is bred for the first time in the next day, and is bred for the second time and the third time in the morning and afternoon on the third day respectively.
Optionally, the number of the B-ultrasonic pregnancy identifications is two, and the two are respectively: the breeding sows are subjected to first B ultrasonic pregnancy identification at 28 days after breeding, and are subjected to second B ultrasonic pregnancy identification at 35 days after breeding.
Optionally, the sow solitary column is 2-2.2 meters long, 0.5-0.6 meters wide and 0.8-1 meter high, the barriers on the two sides are made of steel pipes, a through trough is arranged in front of the sow solitary column, a transverse leaking floor 0.4-0.5 meters wide is arranged behind the sow solitary column, and a dung ditch is arranged below the sow solitary column.
Optionally, the method for feeding replacement gilts by adopting a short-term optimal feeding technology comprises the following steps:
7-14 days before mating, the replacement gilt adopts concentrated feed, the feed amount of the concentrated feed is increased by 0.4-0.5 kg on the basis of the original daily feed amount according to the condition of body conditions, and feeding is stopped after mating; the concentrated feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-75 parts of corn, 10-15 parts of bran, 5-10 parts of green feed, 10-12 parts of peanut straw, 2-4 parts of silkworm chrysalis meal, 0.5-2 parts of L-lysine, 0.5-2 parts of yeast, 2-5 parts of salt, 10-11 parts of soybean oil, 1-4 parts of sweetening agent, 0.2-0.5 part of VE, 0.1-0.2 part of folic acid, 0.2-0.6 part of VC, 0.1-0.2 part of beta-carotenoids, 1-2 parts of mold remover, 1-2 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 0.1-0.3 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.2-0.4 part of zinc sulfate, 0.2-0.3 part of copper sulfate and 0.2-0.3 part of sodium selenite.
Optionally, the estrus promotion method includes:
the non-oestrous nonpregnant sows are traced by the test-oestrous boars, the puppet recording tapes of the boars are played, the non-oestrous nonpregnant sows are transferred to the colony houses of the oestrous sows, and the estrus is promoted by the medicines.
Optionally, the identifying the estrus of the replacement gilt according to the identification of the estrus symptom and the determining whether the replacement gilt is in the estrus state comprises:
the replacement gilt appears to climb over other gilts in the early estrus period, the external pudendum is enlarged, the vaginal mucosa is red and secretes mucus, but does not accept boars to climb over, and the early estrus period lasts for 12-36 hours;
the replacement gilt is still standing still when the gilt is pressed against the back in the middle of estrus, two ears are upright, the external pudendum is swollen, the vaginal mucosa is light red, and the secreted mucus is thin and transparent;
the replacement gilt shows that the gilt tends to be stable in the anaphase of estrus, the external pudendum begins to shrink, the vaginal mucosa is light purple, and the secreted mucus is thick, so that the gilt is not accepted to climb.
Optionally, the middle estrus is the mating time, semen of a mating boar needs microscopic examination, and the semen standard comprises the semen volume of more than 150 ml, the sperm motility of more than 0.7, the density of more than 2.0 hundred million/ml and the sperm abnormality rate of less than 10%.
Optionally, the infertility reasons comprise uterine inflammation, mycotoxin and diseases with reproduction disorder, wherein sows with uterine inflammation have symptoms of uterine lochia and viscous mucus, for the infertility reasons, the treatment is carried out by adopting a scheme of intramuscular injection of bipropenol chloride, intramuscular injection of lincomycin and 500-800 ml of normal saline for flushing the uterus, the content of each chloroprostenol is 0.2mg, each 1 kg of body weight is 0.1 ml of lincomycin, and the temperature of the normal saline is 38-40 ℃ when the uterus is flushed by the normal saline; for the condition that mycotoxin causes sow infertility, a proposal of female animal taibao and multidimensional taibao mixing materials is adopted for treatment, female animal taibao and multidimensional taibao, 500g of female animal taibao and 500g of multidimensional taibao mixing materials are added into daily ration of the sow, and water is added for 2000 jin and 3000 jin; for the condition that breeding disorder diseases cause sow infertility, the breeding disorder diseases comprise porcine pseudorabies and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, the treatment is carried out by adopting a scheme of clearing heat and protecting too much and protecting blue round too much, 500g of clearing heat and protecting too much and 500g of protecting blue round not too much are mixed with 1000 jin of daily ration, and 1000 jin of water is added.
Optionally, the elimination treatment includes: used as feed for carnivores or euthanized or treated as pigs died of illness.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can rapidly identify whether the mating sow is empty by carrying out secondary B-ultrasonic pregnancy identification on the sow within 25-35 days after mating, further find the empty sow in time, if the empty sow is an empty sow, carry out centralized feeding through an independent mating fence, feed a replacement sow by adopting a short-term optimal feeding technology and carry out free movement for 2-3 hours per day, and assist in promoting oestrus of the replacement sow to promote oestrus of the replacement sow, promote early oestrus, multiple rows of ova and early mating of the replacement sow, greatly shorten the empty period of the sow, simultaneously carry out oestrus identification on the replacement sow to avoid mismatching caused by oestrus leakage, carry out mating at the right moment, still cause the empty-pregnancy phenomenon of the re-mating sow, carry out treatment based on the reason of the non-pregnancy, if the sow still has an inexhaustible state after the treatment, then carry out elutriation treatment on the sow with poor production performance, thereby reducing the influence of nonpregnant period on the benefit of the pig farm.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A feeding management method for shortening the nonpregnant period of sows comprises the following steps: breeding replacement sows which meet the breeding requirement, wherein the breeding requirement meets the requirements of 7-7.5 months of the initial age of the replacement sows, the weight of the replacement sows at least reaches 90 kg or 3-7 days after the birth of the multiparous sows after weaning, the back fat thickness of the replacement sows is 16-20 mm, and the second or third estrus; performing secondary B-ultrasonic pregnancy identification on the sows within 25-35 days after the mating, confirming non-pregnant sows and pregnant sows, and respectively transferring the non-pregnant sows and the pregnant sows to a mating fence and a pregnant fence, wherein the non-pregnant sows transferred to the mating fence are used as replacement sows again, and each mating fence consists of four sow monomer fences and a boar fence; the replacement gilts and the replacement gilts are fed by adopting a short-term optimal feeding technology to carry out free movement for 2-3 hours per day, and the replacement gilts are promoted to estrus by an auxiliary estrus promotion method; the method comprises the steps of identifying a replacement sow according to oestrus symptoms, determining whether the replacement sow is in an oestrus state, carrying out re-breeding on the oestrus sow, carrying out B-ultrasonic pregnancy identification on the bred sow, identifying the cause of sow infertility if the sow is empty, treating according to the cause of sow infertility, and eliminating sows with poor production performance if the sow is still in an infertility state after treatment.
Furthermore, the environment of the breeding fence provided by the invention needs to be dry and clean, the temperature and the humidity are proper, and good ventilation is kept to ensure fresh air, so that the influence of environmental factors on the oestrus, ovulation and breeding of replacement gilts is avoided.
Further, the boar stall of the present invention is discharged in a single row, generally 4 cubic meters in area and 1.4 to 1.6 meters in height.
Optionally, the replacement gilt which has reached the mating requirement is mated, and the mating time includes:
the breeding time of the sow in initial mating: the estrus is bred for the first time in the morning next day, and then the breeding for the second time and the third time are bred every 8-12 hours, and the breeding is completed within two days;
the breeding time of the multiparous sows is as follows: if the sow is oestrous in the morning, mating for the first time in the afternoon, and mating for the second time and the third time in the morning and afternoon on the next day respectively; if the sow is oestrous in the afternoon, the sow is bred for the first time in the next day, and is bred for the second time and the third time in the morning and afternoon on the third day respectively.
Optionally, the number of the B-ultrasonic pregnancy identifications is two, and the two are respectively: the breeding sows are subjected to first B ultrasonic pregnancy identification at 28 days after breeding, and are subjected to second B ultrasonic pregnancy identification at 35 days after breeding.
Further, the invention relates to a B ultrasonic pregnancy identification method, which comprises the following steps: performing pregnancy check on the breeding sows by using B-ultrasonic at 25 days and 35 days after breeding, checking whether a main machine, a probe, a battery and a charger of the B-ultrasonic are complete and can normally work, and adjusting the contrast, the gray level and the gain to be suitable for the light intensity of the local at the time and the vision of a detector; the method comprises the following steps that a detected sow is allowed to freely stand or lie on one side in a limit fence, specific exploration positions comprise in-vitro exploration and rectal examination, the in-vitro exploration is usually carried out on the left and right sides of the lower abdomen and the upper part of a breast in front of the back rib, the exploration positions gradually move forwards from the back upper part of the last pair of mammary glands and along with the improvement of pregnancy, and finally reach the rear end of a rib, when the back hair of the detected sow is thin, the hair does not need to be cut during exploration, but the exploration positions need to be kept clean so as not to influence the definition of a B-mode ultrasound image, when the body surface is explored, the contact part of a probe and the skin of the pig needs to be coated with a couplant, and if the skin of the sow is rectally examined, the couplant is not needed; the specific exploration method is that the probe is tightly attached to the abdominal wall during in-vitro exploration, the examination is performed in the early pregnancy, the probe faces the front edge of the pubic bone and inclines towards the upper side of the opposite side in the direction of the entrance of the pelvic cavity or forms an angle of 45 degrees, the probe is tightly attached to the skin, front-back and up-down fixed-point sector scanning and slow scanning are performed, in addition, an exploration method can be flexibly applied according to the actual situation so as to take the situation inside the uterus into consideration, if the bladder of the pig is inflated and has large urine, when the uterus is blocked, the situation that the uterus cannot be scanned or only part of the uterus can be detected can be caused, and the detection is performed after the examined sow urinates.
Furthermore, the method adopts a method for identifying B-ultrasonic pregnancy twice continuously, and the identification time is 28 days and 35 days, so that on one hand, whether the breeding sow is barren can be identified rapidly, and then the barren sow can be found in time, and on the other hand, the problem of low accuracy rate caused by too early pregnancy identification time can be avoided; in addition, compared with a one-time B-ultrasonic pregnancy identification method, the method further improves the identification accuracy and avoids the occurrence of misjudgment.
Optionally, the sow solitary column is 2-2.2 meters long, 0.5-0.6 meters wide and 0.8-1 meter high, the barriers on the two sides are made of steel pipes, a through trough is arranged in front of the sow solitary column, a transverse leaking floor 0.4-0.5 meters wide is arranged behind the sow solitary column, and a dung ditch is arranged below the sow solitary column.
Furthermore, the leaky floor provided by the invention is used for keeping the sanitation in the single fence, improving the environment and reducing the cleaning labor amount; the leaky floor needs to meet the requirements of corrosion resistance, easy leakage of feces and urine, flat surface, firmness, durability, easy washing and disinfection and the like; in addition, the width of the gap of the leaky floor is required to be suitable for pigs of all ages to walk, and the pig feet are not clamped and the nipples are not injured; the materials of the leaking floor include but are not limited to: reinforced concrete floors, steel woven mesh floors, steel welded floors, cast iron welded floors, plastic leaky floors, ceramic plates and the like.
Optionally, the method for feeding replacement gilts by adopting a short-term optimal feeding technology comprises the following steps:
7-14 days before mating, the replacement gilt adopts concentrated feed, the feed amount of the concentrated feed is increased by 0.4-0.5 kg on the basis of the original daily feed amount according to the condition of body conditions, and feeding is stopped after mating; the concentrated feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-75 parts of corn, 10-15 parts of bran, 5-10 parts of green feed, 10-12 parts of peanut straw, 2-4 parts of silkworm chrysalis meal, 0.5-2 parts of L-lysine, 0.5-2 parts of yeast, 2-5 parts of salt, 10-11 parts of soybean oil, 1-4 parts of sweetening agent, 0.2-0.5 part of VE, 0.1-0.2 part of folic acid, 0.2-0.6 part of VC, 0.1-0.2 part of beta-carotene, 1-2 parts of mould removing agent, 1-2 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 0.1-0.3 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.2-0.4 part of zinc sulfate, 0.2-0.3 part of copper sulfate and 0.2-0.3 part of sodium selenite.
Furthermore, the replacement gilt related to the invention adopts concentrated feed, and the concentrated feed is added on the basis of the original daily feed feeding amount according to the body condition of the replacement gilt.
Optionally, the estrus promotion method includes:
the non-oestrous nonpregnant sows are traced by the test-oestrous boars, the puppet recording tapes of the boars are played, the non-oestrous nonpregnant sows are transferred to the colony houses of the oestrous sows, and the estrus is promoted by the medicines.
Furthermore, the method for chasing the estrus-free sow by the estrus-testing boar adopts the estrus-testing boar to chase the replacement sow in the estrus-free period, and guides the pituitary of the replacement sow to secrete hormone and promote estrus and ovulation by utilizing the hormone smell and contact stimulation secreted by the boar.
Furthermore, the method for playing the coupling recording tape of the boar, provided by the invention, has the advantage that the recording condition is reflected, so that the replacement sow is promoted to ovulate.
Furthermore, the method for transferring the non-oestrous nonpregnant sows to the piggery of the oestrous sows, which is disclosed by the invention, promotes the ovulation of the nonpregnant sows through the stimulation behavior.
Furthermore, the medicinal estrus promotion method can treat the empty sows by using pregnant horse serum, chorionic gonadotropin, estrogen, prostaglandin and the like, thereby promoting the oestrus and ovulation effects of the sows.
Optionally, the identifying the estrus of the replacement gilt according to the identification of the estrus symptom and the determining whether the replacement gilt is in the estrus state comprises:
the replacement gilt appears to climb over other gilts in the early estrus period, the external pudendum is enlarged, the vaginal mucosa is red and secretes mucus, but does not accept boars to climb over, and the early estrus period lasts for 12-36 hours;
the replacement gilt is still standing still when the gilt is pressed against the back in the middle of estrus, two ears are upright, the external pudendum is swollen, the vaginal mucosa is light red, and the secreted mucus is thin and transparent;
the replacement gilt shows that the gilt tends to be stable in the anaphase of estrus, the external pudendum begins to shrink, the vaginal mucosa is light purple, and the secreted mucus is thick, so that the gilt is not accepted to climb.
Optionally, the middle estrus is the mating time, semen of a mating boar needs microscopic examination, and the semen standard comprises the semen volume of more than 150 ml, the sperm motility of more than 0.7, the density of more than 2.0 hundred million/ml and the sperm abnormality rate of less than 10%.
Further, the invention relates to a mating method which comprises the following steps:
natural mating, wherein the physiques of the matched boars and sows are approximately equal, a mating field is quiet and flat, the sows are driven into the mating field before mating, then the boars are driven into the mating field, and the mating can be manually assisted if necessary; artificial insemination, wherein before insemination, the arms, the vas deferens and the pudendum of the sow are strictly disinfected and then washed away by using clean water to remove disinfectant attached to the arms, the vas deferens, the temperature of the semen is raised to 36-37 ℃ at the speed of raising the temperature by 1 ℃ every 2 minutes, the operator holds the vulva by using the left hand with rubber gloves, the semen insets the inseminating syringe into the vagina by using the right hand with 40 cm, the semen is slowly injected when the hand feeling can not be pushed any more, the vas deferens is properly adjusted and then is continuously injected when the semen overflows, the vas deferens is slowly pulled out after the semen is folded by the outer end of the vas deferens and is sleeved by a seminal storage bottle for 5-IO minutes.
Optionally, the infertility reasons comprise uterine inflammation, mycotoxin and diseases with reproduction disorder, wherein sows with uterine inflammation have symptoms of uterine lochia and viscous mucus, for the infertility reasons, the treatment is carried out by adopting a scheme of intramuscular injection of two chloroprostenol, intramuscular injection of lincomycin and 500-800 ml of normal saline for flushing the uterus, the content of each chloroprostenol is 0.2mg, each 1 kg of body weight is adopted, the injection of 0.1 ml of lincomycin is carried out on the sows, and the temperature of the normal saline is 38-40 ℃ when the uterus is flushed by the normal saline; for the condition that mycotoxin causes sow infertility, a scheme of female animal taibao and multidimensional taibao mixing is adopted for treatment, female animal taibao and multidimensional taibao, 500g of female animal taibao and 500g of multidimensional taibao are added into daily ration of the sow, and 1000 jin of mixed material is added with 2000 jin and 3000 jin of water; for the condition that breeding disorder diseases cause sow infertility, the breeding disorder diseases comprise porcine pseudorabies and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, the treatment is carried out by adopting a scheme of clearing heat and protecting too much and protecting blue round too much, 500g of clearing heat and protecting too much and 500g of protecting blue round not too much are mixed with 1000 jin of daily ration, and 1000 jin of water is added.
Further, the invention relates to a method for breeding sows which does not need to be carried out immediately after the sows are cleared of the uterus, so that the uterus of the sows is in a convalescent period; and (5) after the sow oestrous the next time, and then the sow is bred.
Furthermore, mycotoxin related to the invention exists in the feed for a long time, and the mycotoxin can damage the reproductive system of the sow for a long time, so that the sow cannot be matched after being matched for many times.
Furthermore, the treatment modes of the pseudorabies and the blue-ear disease of the pig related by the invention mainly purify the viruses in the sow body, and the heat clearing Taibao and the blue round non-Taibao modes are utilized to purify the viruses in the sow body, so that the body immunity of the sow is improved, and the treatment method is used for avoiding the problem of repeated mating and infertility of the sow caused by blue ears and rings.
Optionally, the elimination treatment includes: used as feed for carnivores or euthanized or treated as pigs died of illness.
Furthermore, if the sows still have an infertility state after treatment, the sows with poor production performance need to be rejected, and mainly the sow meat is not nutritious, has no pork fragrance, and also contains immunoglobulin harmful to human body substances, so that diseases such as poor reserve, hemoglobinuria, hemolytic jaundice and the like are easy to occur by using the sow meat, and the sow meat cannot be eaten, but can be used as a feed for carnivorous animals, or can be selected to be euthanized, or treated as a pig died of illness.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A feeding management method for shortening the nonpregnant period of sows is characterized by comprising the following steps: breeding replacement sows which meet the breeding requirement, wherein the breeding requirement meets the requirements of 7-7.5 months of the initial age of the replacement sows, the weight of the replacement sows at least reaches 90 kg or 3-7 days after the birth of the multiparous sows after weaning, the back fat thickness of the replacement sows is 16-20 mm, and the second or third estrus; performing secondary B-ultrasonic pregnancy identification on the sows within 25-35 days after the mating, confirming non-pregnant sows and pregnant sows, and respectively transferring the non-pregnant sows and the pregnant sows to a mating fence and a pregnant fence, wherein the non-pregnant sows transferred to the mating fence are used as replacement sows again, and each mating fence consists of four sow monomer fences and a boar fence; the replacement gilts and the replacement gilts are fed by adopting a short-term optimal feeding technology to carry out free movement for 2-3 hours per day, and the replacement gilts are promoted to estrus by an auxiliary estrus promotion method; the method comprises the steps of identifying a replacement sow according to oestrus symptoms, determining whether the replacement sow is in an oestrus state, carrying out re-breeding on the oestrus sow, carrying out B-ultrasonic pregnancy identification on the bred sow, identifying the cause of sow infertility if the sow is empty, treating according to the cause of sow infertility, and eliminating sows with poor production performance if the sow is still in an infertility state after treatment.
2. The feeding management method for shortening the nonpregnant period of sows as claimed in claim 1, wherein said replacement gilts which have reached the mating requirement are mated for a period of time comprising:
the breeding time of the sow in initial mating: the estrus is bred for the first time in the morning next day, and then the breeding for the second time and the third time are bred every 8-12 hours, and the breeding is completed within two days;
the breeding time of the multiparous sows is as follows: if the sow is oestrous in the morning, mating for the first time in the afternoon, and mating for the second time and the third time in the morning and afternoon on the next day respectively; if the sow is oestrous in the afternoon, the sow is bred for the first time in the next day, and is bred for the second time and the third time in the morning and afternoon on the third day respectively.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the identification of type-B ultrasonic pregnancy is two, which are respectively: the breeding sows are subjected to first B ultrasonic pregnancy identification at 28 days after breeding, and are subjected to second B ultrasonic pregnancy identification at 35 days after breeding.
4. The feeding management method for shortening the nonpregnant period of the sows as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sow solitary pigsty has a length of 2-2.2 m, a width of 0.5-0.6 m and a height of 0.8-1 m, the barriers at two sides are made of steel pipes, a through trough is arranged in the front of the sow solitary pigsty, a transverse leaking floor with a width of 0.4-0.5 m is arranged at the rear of the sow solitary pigsty, and a dung drain is arranged below the sow solitary pigsty.
5. The feeding management method for shortening the nonpregnant period of the sows as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feeding of replacement sows by short-term optimal feeding technique comprises:
7-14 days before mating, the replacement gilt adopts concentrated feed, the feed amount of the concentrated feed is increased by 0.4-0.5 kg on the basis of the original daily feed amount according to the condition of body conditions, and feeding is stopped after mating; the concentrated feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-75 parts of corn, 10-15 parts of bran, 5-10 parts of green feed, 10-12 parts of peanut straw, 2-4 parts of silkworm chrysalis meal, 0.5-2 parts of L-lysine, 0.5-2 parts of yeast, 2-5 parts of salt, 10-11 parts of soybean oil, 1-4 parts of sweetening agent, 0.2-0.5 part of VE, 0.1-0.2 part of folic acid, 0.2-0.6 part of VC, 0.1-0.2 part of beta-carotenoids, 1-2 parts of mold remover, 1-2 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 0.1-0.3 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.2-0.4 part of zinc sulfate, 0.2-0.3 part of copper sulfate and 0.2-0.3 part of sodium selenite.
6. The method for feeding and managing sows in a period of non-pregnancy shortened as claimed in claim 1, wherein the estrus-promoting method comprises:
the non-oestrous nonpregnant sows are traced by the test-oestrous boars, the puppet recording tapes of the boars are played, the non-oestrous nonpregnant sows are transferred to the colony houses of the oestrous sows, and the estrus is promoted by the medicines.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said identifying the oestrus of the gilt according to the oestrus symptom comprises identifying the oestrus of the gilt, and said determining whether the gilt is in oestrus comprises:
the replacement gilt appears to climb over other gilts in the early estrus period, the external pudendum is enlarged, the vaginal mucosa is red and secretes mucus, but does not accept boars to climb over, and the early estrus period lasts for 12-36 hours;
the replacement gilt is still standing still when the gilt is pressed against the back in the middle of estrus, two ears are upright, the external pudendum is swollen, the vaginal mucosa is light red, and the secreted mucus is thin and transparent;
the replacement gilt shows that the gilt tends to be stable in the anaphase of estrus, the external pudendum begins to shrink, the vaginal mucosa is light purple, and the secreted mucus is thick, so that the gilt is not accepted to climb.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the middle estrus stage is breeding time, semen of breeding boars needs microscopic examination, and semen standards include semen volume of 150 ml or more, sperm motility of 0.7 or more, density of 2.0 hundred million/ml or more, and sperm abnormality rate of 10% or less.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reasons for infertility include uterine inflammation, mycotoxin and diseases with reproductive disorders, wherein the sows with uterine inflammation have symptoms of uterine lochia and mucus secretion, and for the reasons for infertility, the treatment is carried out by injecting myo-dicloprostenol, injecting lincomycin intramuscularly and flushing uterus with 800 ml of physiological saline, wherein the content of the individual chloroprostenol is 0.2mg per 1 kg of body weight, the content of the individual lincomycin is 0.1 ml for the sows, and the temperature of the physiological saline is 38-40 ℃ when the uterus is flushed with the physiological saline; for the condition that mycotoxin causes sow infertility, a proposal of female animal taibao and multidimensional taibao mixing materials is adopted for treatment, female animal taibao and multidimensional taibao, 500g of female animal taibao and 500g of multidimensional taibao mixing materials are added into daily ration of the sow, and water is added for 2000 jin and 3000 jin; for the condition that breeding disorder diseases cause sow infertility, the breeding disorder diseases comprise porcine pseudorabies and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, the treatment is carried out by adopting a scheme of clearing heat and protecting too much and protecting blue round too much, 500g of clearing heat and protecting too much and 500g of protecting blue round not too much are mixed with 1000 jin of daily ration, and 1000 jin of water is added.
10. The method for the feeding management of the sows for shortening the nonpregnant period according to claim 1, wherein the elimination treatment comprises: used as feed for carnivores or euthanized or treated as pigs died of illness.
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