CN114844675A - Block chain data exchange method for Internet of things - Google Patents
Block chain data exchange method for Internet of things Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/10—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for controlling access to devices or network resources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/04—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
- H04L63/0428—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
- H04L63/083—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities using passwords
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
Abstract
The invention discloses a block chain data exchange method for the Internet of things, which relates to the technical field of distributed systems and comprises the following steps: carrying out a data access control intelligent contract in advance; performing a calibration incentive intelligent contract for agreeing on the reward points obtained by the data producer and using the reward points to use the services in the ecosystem; carrying out reputation calibration intelligent contracts; a secure data exchange is provided for data producers and data consumers based on a public key infrastructure. The invention guarantees the safety and privacy in data exchange by a block chain technology, and stimulates a data producer to provide reliable data by an intelligent contract, so that data users and producers can exchange data in a safe and effective mode, the safety problem and the privacy problem in the current data transaction system are overcome, the transparency of data exchange is increased, the expansibility, the reliability and the credibility of the system are enhanced, and more data producers are encouraged to provide more effective data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of distributed systems, in particular to a block chain data exchange method for an Internet of things.
Background
From smart homes, wearable devices to concepts such as smart cars and smart cities and a plurality of applications, internet of things (IoT) devices become an indispensable part of our lives, the devices can be connected in a network to generate a large amount of data, the data are very valuable to each stakeholder, and if the data generated by the internet of things can be exchanged under reasonable specifications, the overall efficiency of the entire ecosystem of the internet of things can be effectively guaranteed.
The most advanced data exchange framework at present is highly centralized, which makes the data exchange of the internet of things easy to generate single-point failure and security holes. In addition, the cloud-based data exchange system of the internet of things lacks transparency in data management, and cannot enable a holder of the equipment of the internet of things to carry out limited control in data exchange, so that the problem of personal privacy is caused. While the inherent features of blockchain technology are transparency, decentralization, availability with intelligent contracts, etc., which makes it one of the potential solutions to the above-mentioned problem.
To date, there have been many researches on data exchange using the blockchain technology, but most of them focus on the direction of ensuring security, and in the data exchange process in the internet of things, the reliability of the data source is also very important, so that it is necessary to find an incentive measure to make the data producer provide more reliable and effective data.
An effective solution to the problems in the related art has not been proposed yet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a block chain data exchange method for the Internet of things, aiming at the problems in the related art and aiming at overcoming the technical problems in the prior related art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a block chain data exchange method for the Internet of things comprises the following steps:
step S1, pre-making data access control intelligent contract, data producer polling data access control intelligent contract, deciding whether to grant access authority of data user sending request, wherein the data user sends data request to data producer or the data producer sends data request to data user;
step S2, making a calibration incentive intelligent contract for approving the reward points obtained by the data producer and using the reward points to use the services in the ecosystem;
step S3, making a reputation calibration intelligent contract for keeping the reputation score of the data producer and improving the market value of the data provided by the data producer or reducing the market value of the data provided by the data producer;
step S4, providing a secure data exchange for the data producer and the data consumer based on the public key infrastructure.
The intelligent contract for data access control comprises the following steps:
sending a data request to a data producer by a data user in advance;
the data producer obtains the time of data request of the data consumer, and provides the data consumer with the charge rate of the data in unit time;
the data consumer gains authorization to access the data or the data producer denies authorization.
Wherein, the step of the intelligent contract for data access control further comprises the following steps:
the data producer sends a data request to the data consumer, wherein the data request at least comprises the use price of the data request;
the data user completes data request receiving and payment;
the data producer obtains an incentive score;
the data consumer obtains the access right with the duration t.
The calibration excitation intelligent contract comprises the following steps:
acquiring the payment amount of a data user to a data producer;
obtaining reward points for data producer to request data from data consumer
Real-time updating of data producer reward scores is performed.
The intelligent contract for calibrating the reputation comprises the following steps:
the data user feeds back reputation scores of data provided by the data producer;
updating reputation scores of data producers in real time;
wherein, still include the following step:
acquiring parameter information of a data user, wherein the parameter information comprises use age information, configuration information and data sharing history information.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the block chain data exchange method for the Internet of things, the safety and the privacy in data exchange are guaranteed through a block chain technology, and a data producer is stimulated to provide reliable data through an intelligent contract, so that both a data user and the data producer can exchange data in a safe and effective mode, the safety problem and the privacy problem in the current data transaction system are solved, the transparency of data exchange is increased, the expansibility, the reliability and the credibility of the system are enhanced, and more data producers are encouraged to provide more effective data.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for exchanging block chain data of the internet of things according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a block chain data exchange method for the internet of things according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
According to an embodiment of the invention, a block chain data exchange method for the Internet of things is provided.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for exchanging block chain data of an internet of things according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
step S1, pre-making data access control intelligent contract, data producer polling data access control intelligent contract, deciding whether to grant access authority of data user sending request, wherein the data user sends data request to data producer or the data producer sends data request to data user;
specifically, the data producer polls the data access control intelligent contract to decide whether to grant the access authority of the corresponding data of the requesting data consumer. The cloud service provider needs to monitor the intelligent contracts deployed on the blockchain and query the intelligent contracts before delivering the requested data to the data consumer. Once the data producer has granted the data consumer access to the data, the data is available for the data consumer.
The intelligent contract for data access control comprises the following steps:
sending a data request to a data producer by a data user in advance;
the data producer obtains the time of data request of the data consumer, and provides the data consumer with the charge rate of the data in unit time;
the data consumer gains authorization to access the data or the data producer denies authorization.
In addition, the step of the intelligent contract for data access control further comprises the following steps:
the data producer sends a data request to the data consumer, wherein the data request at least comprises the use price of the data request;
the data user completes data request receiving and payment;
the data producer obtains an incentive score;
the data consumer obtains the access right with the duration t.
Step S2, making a calibration incentive intelligent contract for approving the reward points obtained by the data producer and using the reward points to use the services in the ecosystem;
specifically, the data producer receives a reward each time the data is sold to the data consumer. The incentive intelligence contracts hold reward points earned by each producer. The data producer may use the earned reward points to use certain services in the ecosystem.
The method for calibrating the incentive intelligent contract comprises the following steps:
acquiring the payment amount of a data user to a data producer;
obtaining reward points for data producer to request data from data consumer
Real-time updating of data producer reward scores is performed.
Step S3, making a reputation calibration intelligent contract for keeping the reputation score of the data producer and improving the market value of the data provided by the data producer or reducing the market value of the data provided by the data producer;
in particular, a reputation intelligence contract holds a reputation score for each data producer. The high reputation score obtained from the data consumer may allow the data producer to become more trustworthy, thereby enhancing the market value of the data provided by the data producer. Likewise, poor ratings obtained from data consumers will negatively impact the reputation score of the data producer, thereby lowering the selling price of their data.
In addition, the reputation-calibrating intelligent contract comprises the following steps:
the data user feeds back reputation scores of data provided by a data producer;
updating reputation scores of data producers in real time;
step S4, providing a secure data exchange for the data producer and the data consumer based on the public key infrastructure.
In addition, the method also comprises the following steps:
acquiring parameter information of a data user, wherein the parameter information comprises use age information, configuration information and data sharing history information.
In particular, in application, a secure data exchange is provided between a data producer and a data consumer through the concept of Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). Each transaction in the blockchain is itself digitally signed using the executor's private key. The data producer sends data to its Cloud Service Provider (CSP) along with a blockchain containing data hash values to the CSP. The data consumer uses this information to cross-check the received data at a later point in time.
The data producer pushes the data to the CSP, as:
tx＝[(Encrypt(producer privateKey ,Hash(D)))]|producer publicKey (1)
Hash(D)＝[(Decrypt(producer publicKey ,tx)] (2)
wherein each user node in the network that receives tx verifies the authenticity of the received data by comparing it with the signature using the public key provided by the producer. Before sending data to a user with access authority granted by a producer, the CSP encrypts the data by using a public key of the data user and attaches tx for verification, which is expressed as:
D1＝[(Encrypt(consumer publicKey ,D))]|tx (3)
in addition, the data consumer may publish public key information via the device management intelligence contract. After receiving the data, the data consumer decrypts it using its secure private key, denoted as:
D2＝(Decrypt(consumer privateKey ,D1)) (4)
to obtain the transmitted data and verify the hash of the obtained data using the hash stored from the received blockchain, in equation 2, as: .
Hash1＝Hash(D2) (5)
If the hash of the resulting data matches the hash stored on the blockchain, the data is considered unchanged from the intended producer and is accepted by the data consumer. This ensures that only legitimate recipients of the data can access the data.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the data producer is a unit that produces data, and the data producer may be a person who generates data using the device, or an IoT device that generates data in a specific context. Similar to the data producer, the data consumer may be a human, such as a person who wants to obtain information from their vehicle, and an IoT device that needs to obtain data and perform its further operations.
Under the smart contract, the internet of things device will periodically send its sensed data to its associated cloud service provider for analysis. Devices willing to sell the data they produce will tag themselves for identification by the smart contract. The intelligent dating maintains a list of potential sellers who are willing to sell their data. The data user can find the proper seller of the interested data through the intelligent contract, and the producer can grant the data access right to the seller by accepting the use terms and paying the corresponding price for the data in the specified time period.
In summary, according to the above technical solution of the present invention, the block chain technology is used to ensure the security and privacy in data exchange, and the intelligent contract is used to stimulate the data producer to provide reliable data, so that both the data consumer and the data producer can exchange data in a secure and effective manner, thereby overcoming the security problem and privacy problem in the current data transaction system, increasing the transparency of data exchange, enhancing the expansibility, reliability and trustiness of the system, and encouraging more data producers to provide more effective data.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A block chain data exchange method for the Internet of things is characterized by comprising the following steps:
carrying out a data access control intelligent contract in advance, and polling the data access control intelligent contract by a data producer to determine whether to grant access authority of corresponding data of a data user sending a request, wherein the access authority comprises that the data user sends a data request to the data producer or the data producer sends a data request to the data user;
performing a calibration incentive intelligent contract for agreeing on the reward points obtained by the data producer and using the reward points to use the services in the ecosystem;
carrying out a reputation calibration intelligent contract for keeping reputation scores of data producers, and improving market value of data provided by the data producers or reducing market value of data provided by the data producers;
a secure data exchange is provided for data producers and data consumers based on a public key infrastructure.
2. A method for exchanging blockchain data for internet of things as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of the intelligent contract for data access control comprises the steps of:
sending a data request to a data producer by a data user in advance;
the data producer obtains the time of data request of the data consumer, and provides the data consumer with the charge rate of the data in unit time;
the data consumer gains authorization to access the data or the data producer denies authorization.
3. A method for exchanging blockchain data for internet of things as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step of the data access control intelligent contract further comprises the steps of:
the data producer sends a data request to the data consumer, wherein the data request at least comprises the use price of the data request;
the data user completes data request receiving and payment;
the data producer obtains an incentive score;
the data consumer obtains the access right with the duration t.
4. A method for exchanging blockchain data for internet of things as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calibration incentive intelligence contract comprises the following steps:
acquiring the payment amount of a data user to a data producer;
obtaining reward points for data producer to request data from data consumer
Real-time updating of data producer reward scores is performed.
5. A blockchain data exchange method for internet of things according to claim 1, wherein the reputation-calibrating intelligent contract comprises the steps of:
the data user feeds back reputation scores of data provided by the data producer;
reputation scores for data producers are updated in real-time.
6. A block chain data exchange method for the Internet of things as claimed in claim 5, further comprising the steps of:
acquiring parameter information of a data user, wherein the parameter information comprises use age information, configuration information and data sharing history information.
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