CN114843439A - Composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN114843439A
CN114843439A CN202210703959.6A CN202210703959A CN114843439A CN 114843439 A CN114843439 A CN 114843439A CN 202210703959 A CN202210703959 A CN 202210703959A CN 114843439 A CN114843439 A CN 114843439A
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magnesium
lithium alloy
lithium
silicon
active material
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洪意闻
史永刚
甘志健
许涛
李洋
朱冠楠
蔡毅
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Hefei Gotion High Tech Power Energy Co Ltd
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Hefei Guoxuan High Tech Power Energy Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4235Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0402Methods of deposition of the material
    • H01M4/0404Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139Processes of manufacture
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/621Binders
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/621Binders
    • H01M4/622Binders being polymers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/628Inhibitors, e.g. gassing inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66Selection of materials
    • H01M4/661Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings
    • H01M4/662Alloys
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/027Negative electrodes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the field of lithium ion batteries. This compound magnesium lithium alloy negative pole piece, including magnesium lithium alloy current collection layer and coat in the bentonite mixture adhesive and the silica-based active material mixed dope layer on magnesium lithium alloy current collection layer, bentonite mixture adhesive has alkali metal oxide structure, can reduce magnesium lithium alloy corrosion current, make the characteristics that the corrosion potential moved forward, and simultaneously, along with silica-based active material inflation, the good expansion capacity of bentonite makes silicon be difficult for with the mass flow body separation, the structural integrity of negative pole end has been guaranteed, the coulomb efficiency of battery has been improved. Meanwhile, due to the good expansion capacity of the bentonite, the electronic channel failure of the current collector caused by the volume expansion of the silicon-based material is avoided.

Description

Composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and particularly relates to a composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the use of lithium ion batteries as power batteries, electric vehicles have been developed dramatically, but negative electrode sheets made of graphite and copper foil have failed to meet the requirements of lithium ion batteries for high specific energy, high power output, etc., and therefore, how to improve the rate capability and energy density of lithium batteries has been the subject of research by the present inventors.
Lithium metal is the most ideal negative plate of a lithium battery due to the advantage of high specific energy, but when the lithium metal is used as a negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery, the problems that lithium ion flux is not uniform, current density is high, lithium dendrite is easy to generate, the activity of lithium ion self-generated metal can cause infinite volume change and the like exist, and the safety and the rate performance of the battery can be irreversibly influenced.
The lithium magnesium alloy has the characteristics of being super-light, easy to shape, strong in shock absorption performance and the like as the magnesium alloy with the minimum density. When the magnesium-lithium alloy is used as a lithium ion battery cathode material, the magnesium skeleton in the magnesium-lithium alloy ensures the stability of the cathode active material, and is not easy to break, pulverize, bulge and dendrite in the circulation process. Meanwhile, the lithium magnesium alloy has high and stable lithium deposition/dissolution efficiency, is easier to form a stable solid electrolyte interface film (SEI film), and reduces the occurrence of side reactions. However, when a magnesium-lithium alloy is used for the negative electrode terminal material of a commercial battery cell, the following problems still remain: (1) in the electrolyte, the corrosion current of the magnesium-lithium alloy is increased due to the negative difference effect, and magnesium ions are gradually dissolved out; (2) a layer of gray film is easily generated on the surface of the magnesium-lithium alloy, so that lithium ions cannot penetrate through the gray film, and the electrochemical performance is influenced; (3) after the magnesium-lithium alloy is corroded, polarization resistance is increased, current density is reduced, and rate performance is affected.
Another common cathode high specific energy material is silicon material (high temperature 4200mAh/g, room temperature 3580mAh/g), which has the advantages of low delithiation potential (< 0.5V), environmental friendliness, abundant reserves, low cost and the like, thus being considered as a cathode material of a lithium ion battery with great potential. However, there are still two key problems to be solved in the commercial mass production of silicon-based anode materials: (1) the volume change (more than or equal to 300%) of the repeated expansion and contraction of the silicon material in the lithium extraction process is easy to pulverize and fall off, and finally the active material loses electric contact to completely disable the battery; (2) the continuous growth of the SEI film on the surface of the silicon material irreversibly consumes the limited electrolyte in the battery and lithium from the positive electrode all the time, eventually leading to rapid degradation of the battery capacity.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
In order to solve one of the problems that the silicon material is easy to be pulverized and fall off in the process of lithium intercalation and deintercalation, the invention provides a composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate which comprises a magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer and a silicon-based active material mixed coating layer coated on at least one surface of the magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer, wherein the silicon-based active material mixed coating comprises a bentonite mixture adhesive and a silicon-based active material; on the other hand, as the silicon-based active material expands, the silicon is not easy to separate from the current collector due to the good expansion capacity of the bentonite, the structural integrity of the cathode end is ensured, and the coulomb efficiency of the battery is improved.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate, which comprises a magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer and a silicon-based active material mixed coating layer coated on the surface of the magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer, wherein the silicon-based active material mixed coating comprises a bentonite mixture adhesive and a silicon-based active material; on the other hand, as the silicon-based active material expands, the silicon is not easy to separate from the current collector due to the good expansion capacity of the bentonite, the structural integrity of the cathode end is ensured, and the coulomb efficiency of the battery is improved.
Preferably, both surfaces of the magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer are coated with silicon-based active material mixed coating layers.
Preferably, the coating refers to a battery coating process, i.e., a process of uniformly coating a slurry with good stability, viscosity and fluidity on a current collector, including transfer coating and extrusion coating.
Preferably, the bentonite mixture adhesive contains 0.5-10% of bentonite by mass. Furthermore, the content of the bentonite is 0.5 to 5 percent. Further, the bentonite content was 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%. The bentonite has a structure that an X oxygen tetrahedral sheet sandwiches a Y oxygen octahedral sheet, wherein X and Y can be one or more of aluminum, silicon, calcium, magnesium, sodium or potassium, and the alkali metal oxide structure can form a layer of passivation film on the surface of the magnesium-lithium alloy, reduce the corrosion current of the lithium-magnesium alloy and effectively prevent the current collector structure from being broken due to magnesium ion dissolution; and when the magnesium-lithium alloy is protected by the bentonite, the bentonite has excellent expansion tolerance and high dispersibility, so that the bentonite has an inhibiting effect on electric contact disappearance caused by silicon expansion and contraction, and the cycle stability and the coulombic efficiency of the negative plate are improved.
Preferably, a polypropylene-based polymer is used in the bentonite mixture binder. The polypropylene contains carboxyl functional groups with higher concentration, and abundant carboxyl and silicon particles form a large number of chemical bonds, so that the stability of the electrode material is improved; the polypropylene polymer also has a 3D structure, so that the mixture binder and the silicon surface form multi-point interaction, the silicon particles are effectively prevented from being separated, and the cycling stability of the battery is further improved. In addition, the 3D structure is established while the mechanical and electrochemical properties of the binder are improved by adding components with high elasticity and high conductivity and inhibiting the decomposition of electrolyte, so that the stability is satisfied while the capacity characteristic is increased.
Preferably, the polypropylene polymer comprises one or more of polyacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid-carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylic acid-polyethyleneimine, polyamic acid-polyacrylic acid or polyester-polyacrylic acid.
Preferably, the silicon-based active material includes one or more of nano-silicon, silicon oxide, silicon monoxide, carbon composite silicon oxide, carbon composite silicon monoxide and other silicon-containing materials. The silicon material has higher specific energy (Li22Si5:4200 mAh/g; Li15Si4:35700mAh/g), and the selection of the proper composite silicon material as the active material is beneficial to improving the first efficiency, the cycle performance and the battery safety.
Preferably, the thickness of the silicon-based active material mixed coating layer is 10 to 50 μm. Further, the thickness of the silicon-based active material layer is 10 μm to 30 μm. Further, the thickness of the silicon-based active material layer is 10 μm to 15 μm.
Preferably, the lithium content of the magnesium-lithium alloy current collector layer is 2 to 30%. Furthermore, the lithium content of the magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer is 5-10%. Further, the lithium content of the magnesium-lithium alloy current collector layer is preferably 5% to 8%. In the magnesium-lithium alloy, the content (atomic ratio) of lithium is in a proper range, so that the plasticity of the magnesium-lithium alloy can be improved, the density of the magnesium-lithium alloy can be reduced, and the stability of a foil can be ensured; the current collector can enable the battery to have lower volume and weight, and improve the conductivity of the battery, thereby improving the energy density and the power density; when the lithium content is between 5% and 10%, the alloy is a two-phase structure of a close-packed hexagonal structure alpha + a body-centered cubic structure beta, and the body-centered cubic lattice has a slip system, so that the processing of a pole piece is facilitated; when the lithium content is 5-8%, the corrosion resistance of the alloy is optimal, and the cycling performance of the pole piece can be improved and failure can be prevented when the alloy is contacted with electrolyte for a long time.
Preferably, the magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer also comprises other elements, such as one or more of aluminum, zinc, manganese and silver, and the content of the elements is less than or equal to 5%. Due to the objective fact that the magnesium-lithium alloy has a negative difference effect, part of elements added during the selection of the magnesium-lithium alloy can improve the performance of the magnesium-lithium alloy in all aspects, for example, aluminum can improve the hydrogen evolution potential of the alloy, so that a passivation film is formed on the surface of the alloy, and the energy storage performance is improved; when the aluminum is added, the zinc is added, so that the segregation of the aluminum in magnesium-lithium crystal boundaries can be reduced, and the cavitation erosion is prevented; the addition of manganese can refine crystal grains and play a certain role in solid solution strengthening, so that the open circuit potential of the battery is increased, but the anode efficiency is relatively reduced.
Preferably, the thickness of the magnesium-lithium alloy current collector layer is 5 to 20 μm. Further, the thickness of the magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer is 5 to 10 μm.
Preferably, the magnesium-lithium alloy current collector layer has a tensile strength of 200-450 MP. Furthermore, the tensile strength of the magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer is 300-400 MP. As a current collector layer, the magnesium-lithium alloy needs to have higher mechanical property, plays a stable supporting role for a negative active material, ensures the structural integrity of the negative active material, prevents a pole piece from being fractured, pulverized, folded and the like, and can effectively prevent the active material from being separated to cause the failure of the battery when the battery is subjected to larger deformation.
Preferably, the magnesium-lithium alloy current collector layer has an elongation of 3% to 15%. Further, the magnesium-lithium alloy has an elongation of 8% to 15%. Further, the elongation of the magnesium-lithium alloy is 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, and 14%. When the magnesium-lithium alloy is used as a current collecting layer, the magnesium-lithium alloy needs to have sufficient elongation to prevent the foil from generating internal stress in the rolling process, so that the splitting occurs to influence the capacity and safety of the battery and the like.
Preferably, the peel strength between the silicon-based active material mixed coating layer (bentonite mixture adhesive/silicon-based active material) and the magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer in the composite negative plate is more than or equal to 30mN/mm before rolling and more than or equal to 15mN/mm after rolling. The peel strength between the active material layer and the magnesium-lithium alloy layer is high, so that the active material is not easy to remove a current collecting layer in the charging and discharging process, and the improvement of the battery cyclicity is facilitated.
Preferably, the puncture resistance strength of the composite negative plate is more than or equal to 1 kN/mm. Further, the puncture resistance strength of the negative electrode sheet is 3kN/mm to 10 kN/mm. Furthermore, the puncture resistance strength of the negative electrode piece is 3kN/mm, 4kN/mm, 5kN/mm, 6kN/mm, 7kN/mm, 8kN/mm, 9kN/mm or 10 kN/mm. The puncture resistance of the negative plate improves the nail penetration safety of the lithium battery; the puncture resistance strength also reflects the flexibility of the pole piece, and is beneficial to reducing the fracture of the pole piece in the rolling and winding processes.
Preferably, the tensile strength of the composite negative electrode sheet is 230MP to 480 MP. Further, the tensile strength of the negative electrode sheet is 330MP to 430 MP. The negative pole piece also needs higher mechanical strength, so that the pole piece is effectively prevented from being broken off, and the battery is ensured to have higher cycle performance.
The invention provides a preparation method of the composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate, which comprises the steps of mixing polyacrylic acid polymer, bentonite and silicon-based active materials, dissolving the mixture in deionized water to form mixed slurry, and uniformly coating the mixed slurry on the surface of a magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the silicon-based active material in the mixed slurry is 90-98%. Furthermore, the mass ratio of the silicon-based active material in the mixed slurry is 93-96%.
The invention also provides application of the composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate as a lithium ion battery negative plate.
The invention also provides an application of the preparation method of the composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate in the preparation of a lithium ion battery.
The invention also provides a lithium ion battery which comprises a positive plate, a negative plate and electrolyte, wherein the negative plate is the composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate.
Preferably, the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector layer, and the positive electrode active material layer disposed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector layer is not limited to one or more of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel oxide, manganese nickel cobalt composite oxide, lithium vanadium oxide, or lithium iron oxide.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention provides a composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate which comprises a magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer, and a bentonite mixture adhesive and a silicon-based active material mixed coating which are coated on the magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer, wherein the bentonite mixture adhesive has an alkali metal oxide structure and can reduce corrosion current of magnesium-lithium alloy and enable corrosion potential to move forward. Meanwhile, as the silicon-based active material expands, the silicon is not easy to separate from the current collector due to the good expansion capacity of the bentonite, the structural integrity of the cathode end is ensured, and the coulomb efficiency of the battery is improved.
(2) According to the composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate provided by the invention, the bentonite mixture adhesive can be simultaneously used as a passivation film on the surface of the magnesium-lithium alloy, and a structural framework capable of preventing the loss of an active material caused by silicon expansion can be prevented.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an explanatory view of an embodiment of a negative electrode sheet, in which reference numeral 1 is an upper silicon-based active material mixed coating layer (bentonite mixture binder and silicon-based active material), reference numeral 2 is a magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer, and reference numeral 3 is a lower silicon-based active material mixed coating layer (bentonite mixture binder and silicon-based active material).
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and "middle" used in the present specification are for the sake of clarity, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or adjustments of the relative relationship thereof may be made without substantial technical changes.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs; as used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
As used herein, the term "about" is used to provide the flexibility and inaccuracy associated with a given term, measure or value. The degree of flexibility for a particular variable can be readily determined by one skilled in the art.
As used herein, at least one of the terms "is intended to be synonymous with one or more of. For example, "at least one of A, B and C" explicitly includes a only, B only, C only, and combinations thereof, respectively.
Concentrations, amounts, and other numerical data may be presented herein in a range format. It is to be understood that such a range format is used merely for convenience and brevity and should be interpreted flexibly to include not only the numerical values explicitly recited as the limits of the range, but also to include all the individual numerical values or sub-ranges encompassed within that range as if each numerical value and sub-range is explicitly recited. For example, a numerical range of about 1 to about 4.5 should be interpreted to include not only the explicitly recited limit values of 1 to about 4.5, but also include individual numbers (such as 2, 3, 4) and sub-ranges (such as 1 to 3, 2 to 4, etc.). The same principle applies to ranges reciting only one numerical value, such as "less than about 4.5," which should be construed to include all of the aforementioned values and ranges. Moreover, such an interpretation should apply regardless of the breadth of the range or feature being described.
Any steps recited in any method or process claims may be executed in any order and are not limited to the order presented in the claims.
Examples
Fig. 1 is a structural explanatory view of an embodiment of the composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative electrode sheet of the present invention, in which reference numeral 1 is an upper silicon-based active material mixed coating layer (bentonite mixture binder and silicon-based active material), reference numeral 2 is a magnesium-lithium alloy current collector layer, and reference numeral 3 is a lower silicon-based active material mixed coating layer (bentonite mixture binder and silicon-based active material).
The composition and the cell test result of the composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate provided by the invention are shown in table 1.
Table 1 composition of composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative electrode sheet and cell test results provided by the present invention
Figure BDA0003705499110000051
Figure BDA0003705499110000061
From the experimental data of examples 1-5, the thickness of the magnesium-lithium alloy foil can affect the first effect and the cycle performance of the battery cell. In the first charge and discharge process, when the silicon material captures lithium ions to generate a certain amount of irreversible lithium, the magnesium-lithium alloy provides sufficient lithium ions, so that the first effect of the battery is ensured. But the elongation of the pole piece is also reduced due to the increased thickness of the current collector, so that the cycle performance of the corresponding lithium battery is reduced.
From the experimental data of examples 6-12, the effect of different lithium content magnesium lithium alloy foils on the cell is known. When the lithium content is too low, the tensile strength of the foil is reduced and the conductivity is reduced. When the lithium content exceeds 10%, lithium dendrites are easily generated, thereby generating dead lithium, which affects the cycle performance of the battery.
The effect of the content of different bentonites in the mixed binder on the cell performance can be seen from the experimental data of examples 13-18. When the content of the bentonite is 0.5-5%, the peel strength of the negative pole piece before rolling can be greater than 40mN/mm, and the high peel strength ensures that the risk that an active material is separated from a current collector is not easy to generate in the charge and discharge process of the pole piece, so that the cycle performance of the battery cell is enhanced.
From the experimental data of examples 19-24, it can be seen that different silicon material contents have an effect on cell performance. The increase of the silicon material can lead to the increase of the expansion of the negative plate, the damage reconstruction of an SEI film can be caused, an electric island and the like are generated, lithium ions can be continuously consumed by a series of reactions, and the first effect of the electric core is reduced.
From the experimental data of comparative examples 1-3, it can be seen that the cell performance was not affected by the presence of the bentonite binder. During the cycle, the silicon-based material gradually expands, creating the risk of detachment from the current collector. In addition, in the circulation process of the magnesium-lithium alloy, because the magnesium-lithium alloy has self-corrosiveness, magnesium ions are separated out, the structural integrity of a current collector is reduced, and the circulation performance of a battery cell is reduced.
In the present application, the example negative electrode sheets are all parameters in which the active material layers are disposed on both sides. When the active material described herein is coated on both surfaces of the lithium magnesium alloy, the active material on either surface satisfies the present application, which is considered to fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims (16)

1. The composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate is characterized by comprising a magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer and a silicon-based active material mixed coating layer coated on at least one surface of the magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer, wherein the silicon-based active material mixed coating comprises a bentonite mixture adhesive and a silicon-based active material.
2. The composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper surface and the lower surface of the magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer are coated with right silicon-based active material mixed coating layers.
3. The composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thickness of the magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer is 5 μm to 20 μm, and/or the thickness of the silicon-based active material mixed coating layer is 10 μm to 50 μm.
4. The negative electrode sheet of claim 3, wherein the bentonite mixture binder comprises bentonite and polypropylene polymer, and the bentonite accounts for 0.5-10% by mass.
5. The composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative electrode sheet according to claim 4, wherein the bentonite has a structure of X oxygen tetrahedral sheet sandwiched by Y oxygen octahedral sheet, wherein X and Y can be one or more of aluminum, silicon, calcium, magnesium, sodium or potassium.
6. The composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative electrode sheet according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the polypropylene polymer comprises one or more of polyacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid-carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylic acid-polyethyleneimine, polyamic acid-polyacrylic acid or polyester-polyacrylic acid.
7. The composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative electrode plate according to claim 6, wherein the silicon-based active material comprises one or more of nano-silicon, silicon oxide, silicon monoxide, carbon composite silicon oxide or carbon composite silicon monoxide.
8. The composite magnesium lithium alloy negative plate according to claim 7, wherein the lithium content of the magnesium lithium alloy current collecting layer is 2-30%; and/or the tensile strength of the magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer is 200 MP-450 MP; and/or the elongation of the magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer is 3-15%.
9. The composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative electrode sheet according to claim 8, wherein the magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer further comprises one or more of aluminum, zinc, manganese and silver, and the content of the one or more of aluminum, zinc, manganese and silver is less than or equal to 5%.
10. The composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the peel strength between the silicon-based active material mixed coating layer and the magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer is more than or equal to 30mN/mm before rolling and more than or equal to 15mN/mm after rolling; and/or the puncture resistance strength of the composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate is more than or equal to 1 kN/mm; and/or the tensile strength of the composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate is 230-480 MP.
11. The method for preparing the composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the polyacrylic acid polymer, the bentonite and the silicon-based active material are mixed and dissolved in deionized water to form a mixed slurry, and the mixed slurry is uniformly coated on the surface of the magnesium-lithium alloy current collecting layer.
12. The method for preparing the composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate according to claim 11, wherein the mass proportion of the silicon-based active material in the mixed slurry is 90-98%.
13. Use of a negative electrode sheet of a composite magnesium lithium alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 10 and/or a negative electrode sheet of a composite magnesium lithium alloy according to any one of claims 11 to 12 in the preparation of a lithium ion battery.
14. A lithium ion battery, characterized in that, it comprises a positive plate, a negative plate and electrolyte, the negative plate is a composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
15. The lithium ion battery of claim 14, wherein the positive plate comprises a positive current collector layer, and a positive active material layer disposed on at least one side of the positive current collector layer.
16. The lithium ion battery of claim 15, wherein the positive electrode active layer comprises one or more of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel oxide, manganese nickel cobalt composite oxide, lithium vanadium oxide, or lithium iron oxide.
CN202210703959.6A 2022-06-21 2022-06-21 Composite magnesium-lithium alloy negative plate and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN114843439A (en)

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