CN114843115A - Preparation method and application of high-energy-density supercapacitor electrode material - Google Patents
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- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- GTKRFUAGOKINCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlorosilver;silver Chemical compound [Ag].[Ag]Cl GTKRFUAGOKINCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000080590 Niso Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 hydroxyl ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003717 electrochemical co-deposition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ni+2] BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001095 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018661 Ni(OH) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002468 redox effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
- H01G11/86—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/24—Electrodes characterised by structural features of the materials making up or comprised in the electrodes, e.g. form, surface area or porosity; characterised by the structural features of powders or particles used therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-energy-density supercapacitor electrode material, which comprises the following steps: preparing divalent nickel salt with concentration of 10-200mmol/L and H 2 PtCl 6 Mixed aqueous solution with concentration of 0.01-1mmol/L and pH value of 3-6.5; adding the mixed aqueous solution into a three-electrode electrolytic cell to be used as electrolyte, taking a conductive substrate as a working electrode, taking silver-silver chloride as a reference electrode and taking a carbon material as a counter electrode, and obtaining Pt/Ni (OH) on the surface of the conductive substrate by adopting a hydrogen bubble dynamic template electrochemical codeposition method 2 A film. The preparation method is simple and convenient, and the prepared Pt/Ni (OH) 2 Composite material purer Ni (OH) 2 The energy density of (2) is significantly improved. Due to H in the electrolyte 2 PtCl 6 In very low concentrations of Ni (OH) 2 Atomic level dispersive dopingThe amount of Pt is small, the increase of the cost is limited, and the method has practical value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a high-energy-density supercapacitor electrode material.
Background
In recent years, China has promoted the development of the super capacitor industry to the national strategic level, and the super capacitor industry has come to the rapid development period. Supercapacitors are generally classified into 2 types: a double-layer type based on physical ion adsorption-desorption, and a pseudocapacitance type based on chemical reversible redox. The super capacitor has the advantages of high power density, long cycle life, good safety, wide working temperature limit, quick charging, no maintenance, environmental protection and the like. The super capacitor is in sharp contrast with the defects of the current mainstream lithium ion battery, is more suitable for being applied to the fields of industrial production, transportation, national defense and military industry, aerospace and the like, and has wide application prospect. However, the energy density of supercapacitors has not yet met the wide range of practical application requirements. Increasing the energy density is a necessary requirement for wide application of supercapacitors. The energy density of the pseudo-capacitor super capacitor is several times to tens of times of that of the double-electric-layer super capacitor, and the energy density of the pseudo-capacitor super capacitor is improved to more easily reach high energy density meeting practical use. The nickel hydroxide super capacitor is an important class of pseudo capacitor super capacitors, has low cost, easy processing and recovery treatment and environmental protection, has the theoretical specific energy density as high as 268kWh/kg and the theoretical specific capacitance as high as 2143F/g, and has value in wider practical application only when the energy density of the nickel hydroxide reaches the theoretical value or higher.
The super capacitor has high power density but low energy density, which cannot meet the high energy density requirement of many application scenarios, and the energy density of the super capacitor needs to be further improved. The energy density of the nickel hydroxide-based supercapacitor is higher, but still lower than that of the lithium ion battery, so that the wide application of the nickel hydroxide-based supercapacitor is limited, and the energy density of the nickel hydroxide-based supercapacitor needs to be further improved to meet the requirement of practical application.
Therefore, how to develop a high energy density supercapacitor electrode material is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a high energy density supercapacitor electrode material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a high-energy-density supercapacitor electrode material comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing divalent nickel salt with concentration of 10-200mmol/L and H 2 PtCl 6 Mixed aqueous solution with concentration of 0.01-1mmol/L and pH value of 3-6.5;
(2) adding the mixed aqueous solution obtained in the step (1) into a three-electrode electrolytic cell to be used as electrolyte, taking a conductive substrate as a working electrode, taking silver-silver chloride as a reference electrode and taking a carbon material as a counter electrode, and obtaining Pt/Ni (OH) on the surface of the conductive substrate by adopting a hydrogen bubble dynamic template electrochemical codeposition method 2 A film is formed, and the high energy density super capacitor electrode material is obtained;
the hydrogen bubble dynamic template electrochemical codeposition method takes hydrogen bubbles generated by water electrolysis as a dynamic template and hydroxyl ions generated by the water electrolysis as a precipitator, wherein the water electrolysis conditions are as follows: constant voltage of-0.8 to-1.2V is applied to the working electrode through an electrochemical workstation, and the temperature of the electrolyte is 5-70 ℃.
The hydrogen bubble dynamic template electrochemical codeposition method is that water is electrolyzed to generate hydrogen bubbles (H) after a constant voltage is applied to a working electrode 2 ) And OH - Ions, hydrogen bubbles as dynamic template, OH - Ion as precipitant and Ni in nickel salt 2+ Precipitation reaction takes place to form Ni (OH) 2 In solution with PtCl 6 2- Ion is not capable of reacting with OH - A precipitation reaction is carried out, and PtCl is reacted under the action of negative potential 6 2- Doping by reduction to Pt atoms Ni (OH) 2 The reaction mechanism can be represented by the following formula:
2H 2 O+2e＝2OH - +H 2 (gas)
2OH - +Ni 2+ ＝Ni(OH) 2 (solid)
PtCl 6 2- +4e ═ Pt (solid) +6Cl -
The mass of nickel hydroxide was estimated from the stoichiometry of the chemical reaction and the amount of charge deposited.
Further, the carbon material may be any of carbon foam, a carbon plate, and a carbon rod.
Furthermore, the preparation method also comprises the step of preparing Pt/Ni (OH) by adopting a hydrogen bubble dynamic template electrochemical codeposition method 2 After the film is finished, the electrolyte is concentrated, recycled and reused, so that the recycling of raw materials can be ensured, the environment is not polluted, the waste is not caused, and the cost is reduced.
Further, the divalent nickel salt is NiCl 2 、NiSO 4 、Ni(NO 3 ) 2 One or more of them.
Further, the conductive substrate is one of nickel, copper, aluminum, iron, graphite carbon, gold and platinum, the nickel, copper, aluminum, iron, graphite carbon, gold and platinum are conductive materials with excellent conductivity, electrolytic water reaction and precipitation reaction can be carried out on the conductive substrate by applying proper voltage, and ions doped in the solution can be reduced into atoms.
Furthermore, the temperature of the electrolyte is 5-70 ℃, which is more beneficial to the formation of the electrode material of the high-energy-density super capacitor.
Further, the above Pt/Ni (OH) 2 Middle Pt and Ni (OH) 2 The mass ratio of (A) is 0.1-10%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention utilizes the aqueous solution and the electrochemical codeposition method to prepare Pt/Ni (OH) 2 The composite material has the advantages of simple preparation method, low equipment requirement, low raw material cost, mild condition and short preparation time. Prepared Pt/Ni (OH) 2 Pt in the composite material is in an atomic-level dispersed state, and the Pt is subjected to oxidation state change in the charging and discharging processes, so that the Pt and a plurality of OH groups in the alkaline electrolyte - Coordination and dissociation of ionsFrom, can contribute to the removal of Ni (OH) 2 Capacitance other than redox, made of Ni (OH) 2 The energy density of (2) is significantly improved. The quantity of Pt doped by atomic dispersion is less, so that the increase of the cost is limited, but the energy density is obviously improved, and the method has important practical value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 example 1Ni (OH) 2 With Pt/Ni (OH) 2 Cyclic voltammogram (sweep rate: 50 mV/s);
FIG. 2 example 2Ni (OH) 2 With Pt/Ni (OH) 2 Constant current charge-discharge comparison graph;
FIG. 3 example 3Pt/Ni (OH) 2 Comparative charge and discharge plots at different current densities.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Preparing NiCl 2 The concentration is 10mmol/L, H 2 PtCl 6 Adjusting the pH value of the mixed aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.01mmol/L to 4.5 by hydrochloric acid;
(2) adding 10mL of the mixed aqueous solution obtained in the step (1) into a three-electrode electrolytic cell as an electrolyte by 1cm 2 The carbon paper is used as a working electrode, silver-silver chloride is used as a reference electrode, a carbon plate is used as a counter electrode, and the Pt/Ni (OH) is obtained by depositing for 10 minutes on the surface of the carbon paper by adopting a hydrogen bubble dynamic template electrochemical codeposition method 2 A film;
the hydrogen bubble dynamic template electrochemical codeposition method uses hydrogen bubbles generated by water electrolysis as a dynamic template and OH generated by water electrolysis - Ions as a precipitant, wherein the conditions for electrolyzing water are as follows: a constant voltage of-1.2V was applied to the working electrode via the electrochemical workstation, and the electrolyte temperature was 30 ℃.
Subjecting the obtained electrode product toComparison was made by electrochemical cyclic voltammetry (see FIG. 1), which showed that Ni (OH) contained trace Pt 2 Oxidation peak ratio of (2) Ni (OH) electrodeposited under the same conditions 2 Has a large peak area of about 4 times, Pt is Ni (OH) 2 The redox properties of (a) are significantly changed. By ICP-MS testing, Pt and Ni (OH) 2 Is about 0.82% by mass.
The capacitance performance was further characterized by constant current charge/discharge method, and the results are shown in FIG. 2, with the same charge/discharge current density (30A/g), Pt/Ni (OH) 2 The discharge time of (2) is pure Ni (OH) 2 About 5 times of the total weight of the product. Calculated according to the capacitance and energy density calculation formula, Pt/Ni (OH) 2 Has a capacitance and energy density of Ni (OH) 2 The energy density of the lithium ion battery is about 5 times of that of the lithium ion battery, and reaches 600Wh/kg, exceeds the theoretical energy density 268kWh/kg and exceeds the energy density of the mainstream lithium ion battery, so that the lithium ion battery has practical application value.
Example 2
(1) Preparation of NiSO 4 The concentration is 100mmol/L, H 2 PtCl 6 Adjusting the pH value of the mixed aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.05mmol/L to 3.0 by hydrochloric acid;
(2) adding 10mL of the mixed aqueous solution obtained in the step (1) into a three-electrode electrolytic cell as an electrolyte by 1cm 2 The nickel sheet is used as a working electrode, silver-silver chloride is used as a reference electrode, a carbon plate is used as a counter electrode, and the Pt/Ni (OH) is obtained by depositing on the surface of carbon paper for 5 minutes by adopting a hydrogen bubble dynamic template electrochemical codeposition method 2 A film;
the hydrogen bubble dynamic template electrochemical codeposition method uses hydrogen bubbles generated by water electrolysis as a dynamic template and OH generated by water electrolysis - Ions as a precipitant, wherein the conditions for electrolyzing water are as follows: a constant voltage of-0.9V was applied to the working electrode via the electrochemical workstation, and the electrolyte temperature was 25 ℃.
The obtained electrode product was compared by electrochemical cyclic voltammetry, and the results showed that Ni (OH) contained a trace amount of Pt 2 Oxidation peak ratio of (2) Ni (OH) electrodeposited under the same conditions 2 Has a large peak area of about 3.4 times that of the oxidation peak of (1), Pt is Ni (OH) 2 By oxidation-reduction ofA significant change occurred. By ICP-MS testing, Pt and Ni (OH) 2 Is about 1.14% by mass.
Further using constant current charge and discharge method to represent capacitance performance, under the same charge and discharge current density (60A/g), Pt/Ni (OH) 2 The discharge time of (2) is pure Ni (OH) 2 About 4.2 times of the total weight of the product. Calculated according to the capacitance and energy density calculation formula, Pt/Ni (OH) 2 Has a capacitance and energy density of Ni (OH) 2 About 4.2 times of the total weight of the product, and the performance is obviously improved.
Pt/Ni(OH) 2 The electrode material can work under higher charge and discharge current, a charge and discharge potential-time curve under the current density of 30, 50 and 80A/g is shown in figure 3, and the electrode material prepared by the method can be used for charge and discharge under high current.
Example 3
(1) Preparing Ni (NO) 3 ) 2 Salt concentration of 200mmol/L, H 2 PtCl 6 Adjusting the pH value of the mixed aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.1mmol/L to 6.5 by hydrochloric acid;
(2) adding 10mL of the mixed aqueous solution obtained in the step (1) into a three-electrode electrolytic cell as an electrolyte by 1cm 2 The foam nickel is used as a working electrode, silver-silver chloride is used as a reference electrode, a carbon rod is used as a counter electrode, and the Pt/Ni (OH) is obtained by depositing on the surface of carbon paper for 2 minutes by adopting a hydrogen bubble dynamic template electrochemical codeposition method 2 A film;
the hydrogen bubble dynamic template electrochemical codeposition method uses hydrogen bubbles generated by water electrolysis as a dynamic template and OH generated by water electrolysis - Ions as a precipitant, wherein the conditions for electrolyzing water are as follows: a constant voltage of-0.8V was applied to the working electrode via the electrochemical workstation, the electrolyte temperature was 40 ℃.
The obtained electrode product was compared by electrochemical cyclic voltammetry, and the results showed that Ni (OH) contained a trace amount of Pt 2 Oxidation peak ratio of (2) Ni (OH) electrodeposited under the same conditions 2 Has a large peak area of about 3.1 times that of the oxidation peak of (1), Pt is Ni (OH) 2 Is significantly changed. By ICP-MS testing, Pt and Ni (OH) 2 Is about 2.15% by mass.
Further using constant current charge and discharge method to represent capacitance performance, under the same charge and discharge current density (60A/g), Pt/Ni (OH) 2 The discharge time of (2) is pure Ni (OH) 2 About 3.4 times of the total weight of the product. Calculated according to the capacitance and energy density calculation formula, Pt/Ni (OH) 2 Has a capacitance and energy density of Ni (OH) 2 About 3.4 times of the total weight of the product, and the performance is obviously improved. Under different charging and discharging current densities, the calculated capacitance, energy density and power density are as the following table (table 1):
TABLE 1 Pt/Ni (OH) 2 Capacitance, energy density and power density comparison table under different current densities
| Current Density (A/g) | Specific capacitance by mass (F/g) | Energy Density (Wh/kg) | Power density (kW/kg) |
| 30 | 3924 | 490 | 26.93 |
| 40 | 3776 | 472 | 36.14 |
| 50 | 3144 | 426 | 44.96 |
| 60 | 3410 | 393 | 53.93 |
| 80 | 2982 | 372 | 71.93 |
Specific capacitance, specific energy density and specific power density are the most important 3 parameters of supercapacitor electrode materials. The electrode material prepared by the method can exceed Ni (OH) 2 Theoretical specific capacitance (2143F/g) and specific energy density (268kWh/kg) have significant practical application value.
The description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a high-energy-density supercapacitor electrode material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing divalent nickel salt with concentration of 10-200mmol/L and H 2 PtCl 6 Mixed aqueous solution with concentration of 0.01-1mmol/L and pH value of 3-6.5;
(2) adding the mixed aqueous solution obtained in the step (1) into a three-electrode electrolytic cell to be used as electrolyte, taking a conductive substrate as a working electrode, taking silver-silver chloride as a reference electrode and taking a carbon material as a counter electrode, and performing electrochemical codeposition on the conductive substrate by adopting a hydrogen bubble dynamic templateObtaining Pt/Ni (OH) on the surface of the electric substrate 2 A film is formed, and the high-energy-density supercapacitor electrode material is obtained;
the hydrogen bubble dynamic template electrochemical codeposition method takes hydrogen bubbles generated by electrolyzing water as a dynamic template and hydroxyl ions generated by electrolyzing water as a precipitator, wherein the conditions of electrolyzing water are as follows: constant voltage of-0.8 to-1.2V is applied to the working electrode through an electrochemical workstation, and the temperature of the electrolyte is 5-70 ℃.
2. The method for preparing the high energy density supercapacitor electrode material according to claim 1, wherein the carbon material is any one of carbon foam, carbon plate and carbon rod.
3. The preparation method of the high energy density supercapacitor electrode material according to claim 1, further comprising preparing Pt/Ni (OH) by hydrogen bubble dynamic template electrochemical co-deposition 2 And after the film is finished, concentrating and recycling the electrolyte.
4. The method for preparing the high energy density supercapacitor electrode material according to claim 1, wherein the divalent nickel salt is NiCl 2 、NiSO 4 、Ni(NO 3 ) 2 One or more of them.
5. The method for preparing the electrode material of the high-energy-density supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the conductive substrate is one of nickel, copper, aluminum, iron, graphite carbon, gold and platinum.
6. The method for preparing the high energy density supercapacitor electrode material according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the electrolyte is 5-70 ℃.
7. The method for preparing the electrode material of the high-energy-density supercapacitor according to claim 1The method is characterized in that the Pt/Ni (OH) 2 Middle Pt and Ni (OH) 2 The mass ratio of (A) is 0.1-10%.
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| CN113363411A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-07 | 中国科学技术大学 | Positive electrode for nickel-hydrogen secondary battery, preparation method of positive electrode and nickel-hydrogen secondary battery |
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| KR20150082979A (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2015-07-16 | 국립대학법인 울산과학기술대학교 산학협력단 | Au/metal oxide or hydroxide complex for supercapacitor and method for preparing same |
| CN105244185A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2016-01-13 | 上海交通大学 | Electrochemical preparation method for nickel/nickel hydroxide energy storage electrode material |
| KR101716867B1 (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2017-03-16 | 울산과학기술원 | Electrode for supercapacitor and preparation method thereof |
| CN108376617A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-08-07 | 嘉兴学院 | A kind of electrochemical preparation method of nanoporous nickel hydroxide film and its application |
| CN111876808A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-11-03 | 苏州柯诺思高新材料有限公司 | Cu-doped alpha-Co (OH)2Preparation method of interconnected structure nanosheet composite electrode |
| CN113363411A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-07 | 中国科学技术大学 | Positive electrode for nickel-hydrogen secondary battery, preparation method of positive electrode and nickel-hydrogen secondary battery |
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