CN114843032B - Layered structure high-conductivity polymer flexible driver and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Layered structure high-conductivity polymer flexible driver and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114843032B CN114843032B CN202210425977.2A CN202210425977A CN114843032B CN 114843032 B CN114843032 B CN 114843032B CN 202210425977 A CN202210425977 A CN 202210425977A CN 114843032 B CN114843032 B CN 114843032B
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title description 6
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920001609 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- BZFMMSSKIZMGFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-3-methyl-1,2-dihydroimidazol-1-ium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound CCCC[NH+]1CN(C)C=C1.CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 BZFMMSSKIZMGFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002482 conductive additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- GPFIZJURHXINSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;nitric acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O.O[N+]([O-])=O GPFIZJURHXINSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000144 PEDOT:PSS Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoro-n-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanesulfonamide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- IBZJNLWLRUHZIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-3-methyl-2h-imidazole Chemical compound CCN1CN(C)C=C1 IBZJNLWLRUHZIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001197 polyacetylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/0026—Apparatus for manufacturing conducting or semi-conducting layers, e.g. deposition of metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J19/00—Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/54—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a layered structure high conductive polymer flexible driver and a preparation method, wherein a commercial PEDOT PSS solution is used as a main material for preparing a film, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole p-toluenesulfonate is used as an initiator, doped polyaniline is used as a conductive additive to enhance the conductivity of the film, and a template method is used for preparing an electrode film. The conductive polymer flexible driver has wide application prospect and important application value in the fields of soft robots, artificial muscles, biomedical and flexible sensors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of materials, in particular to a layered structure high-conductivity polymer flexible driver and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Compared with the traditional rigid driver, the soft (flexible) driver has the advantages of strong environmental adaptability, flexibility, light weight, low cost and the like. Conductive polymers are a common material for making soft drivers, such as Polyacetylene (PA), polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPY), poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), and the like, which have not only conductive properties but also some special properties such as electronic, magnetic, wetting, optical, mechanical properties, and microwave absorption properties. Although the conductive polymer has high conductivity, for some materials with higher requirements on conductivity, the conductivity of the conductive polymer cannot meet the requirements, and the conductivity of the conductive polymer needs to be improved by adding a high conductive agent. The invention prepares the conductive polymer flexible driver with quick response and large strain by selecting the polymer PEDOT: PSS with stable physical and chemical properties, adding conductive additive and initiator in the process of preparing the electrode film and optimizing the process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the problems of small strain, small stress, low response speed and the like of the conventional conductive polymer flexible driver, and provides a layered structure high conductive polymer flexible driver and a preparation method thereof.
A preparation method of a layered structure high conductive polymer flexible driver comprises the following steps:
step one: adding doped polyaniline into a conductive polymer PEDOT-PSS solution as a conductive additive, adding an initiator 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole p-toluenesulfonate after first stirring, wherein the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole p-toluenesulfonate can weaken interaction between PEDOT and PSS, promote separation and recombination of PEDOT-PSS molecular chains, improve electrode conductivity, and stir the ultrasonic solution again;
step two: pouring the well-stirred solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene customized mold, standing the solution for 20-24 hours at room temperature, and naturally volatilizing the solution for forming; placing the naturally volatilized electrode film into an oven dryer, heating, drying and then annealing at a high temperature to obtain a dried electrode film;
step three: sequentially soaking the electrode film in an organic solvent and deionized water for 30 minutes, and then heating and soaking in an ionic liquid (EMIMTFSI) to obtain an ionic gel electrode film;
step four: and pressing and forming the ionic gel electrode film and the nitric acid-acetic acid mixed cellulose film in a hot pressing mode to obtain the flexible driver.
2. In the first step, the preparation process of the doped polyaniline comprises the following steps: dissolving aniline in sulfuric acid solution, refrigerating at-10 ℃, pre-cooling for 1-2 hours, adding sulfuric acid solution of ammonium persulfate, reacting for 24 hours, filtering, washing the product with deionized water, and airing to obtain polyaniline. The volume ratio of the aniline to the sulfuric acid solution to the ammonium persulfate sulfuric acid solution is 0.3-0.5:10:10; the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 5M, and the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution of ammonium persulfate is 0.22M.
3. In the first step, the mass fraction of the PEDOT to PSS solution is 1% -1.3%, the mass ratio of PDEOT to PSS is 1:1-1:1.25, the mass ratio of doped polyaniline to PEDOT to PSS is 2% -14%, the concentration of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole p-toluenesulfonate is 0.5-0.2g/ml, the volume ratio of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole p-toluenesulfonate to PEDOT to PSS solution is 1:100, and the interaction between PEDOT and PSS can be weakened by the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole p-toluenesulfonate, so that PEDOT aggregation can improve the conductivity of PEDOT.
4. In the first step, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole p-toluenesulfonate is added 10-20 minutes after the first stirring, and the total stirring time is 2-4 hours.
5. In the second step, the high temperature annealing temperature is 140-160 ℃, and the constant temperature is kept for 20-40 minutes, so that PEDOT and PSS molecular chains are rearranged, the ion transmission channel is formed, and the thickness of the obtained electrode film is 20-30 microns.
6. In the third step, the heating temperature of the ionic liquid (EMIMTFSI) is 60 ℃ and the soaking time is 3-5 hours, so that the moisture in the electrode film is removed, and the ionic conductivity is enhanced.
7. In step four, two layers of ionic gel electrode films were placed on both sides of a nitric acid-acetic acid mixed cellulose film pre-soaked with an ionic liquid (EMIMTFSI) for 10 seconds, then pressed together with two glass slides, and in an oven at 60 ℃ for 15-20 minutes, the resulting driver thickness was 160-220 microns.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the traditional flexible electrode preparation, the conductive polymer flexible driver material provided by the invention has the advantages that the preparation cost is low, the technical process is simple, the conductivity and the tensile property of the prepared and formed electrode film are greatly improved by adding the conductive agent and the initiator, larger strain, stress, quick response speed, large swinging displacement and the like can be realized in the low voltage (0.5-2V) range. The conductive polymer flexible driver has wide application prospect and important application value in the fields of soft robots, artificial muscles, biomedical and flexible sensors.
Drawings
Schematic diagram of the driving mechanism of the driver of fig. 1;
FIG. 2 strain of different polyaniline doping level drivers;
FIG. 3 output force of different polyaniline doping level drivers;
FIG. 4 conductivity of electrodes of different polyaniline doping levels;
fig. 5 application of a flexible drive.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and features of the invention more clear. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
According to the flexible driver of the high-conductivity polymer with the layered structure and the preparation method, the PEDOT-PSS electrode is prepared by adopting a template method, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole p-toluenesulfonate is used as an initiator to promote the dispersion and recombination of PEDOT-PSS chains, the initiator can enable the PEDOT to gather and improve the conductivity of the electrode, the concentration of the initiator is preferably 0.1g/mL, and the doped polyaniline is used as a conductivity enhancer and added into the PEDOT-PSS as a material for increasing the capacitance characteristic of the electrode.
The preparation method of the electrode film comprises the following specific steps: 5mL of PEDOT-PSS (mass fraction is 1.2%) solution is put into a glass bottle, the mass ratio of PDEOT to PSS is 1:1.5, 2%, 6%, 10% and 14% of doped polyaniline are respectively added into each group of solution, another group of solution is used as a comparison experiment, 50 microliters of initiator 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole p-toluenesulfonate with concentration of 0.1g/mL is added after stirring for 15 minutes so as to promote the recombination of PEDOT-PSS molecular chains, stirring is carried out for 2 hours, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out on the solution after stirring is finished for 15 minutes. Casting the solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene plate mold after the ultrasonic treatment is finished, standing for 24 hours, then placing the solution into an oven, setting a temperature gradient of 60 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours to accelerate the volatilization of the solution, carrying out high-temperature annealing at 150 ℃ and preserving heat for 30 minutes, and waiting for the temperature to naturally cool to room temperature after the annealing is finished, wherein the thickness of the finally obtained film is 20-30 microns.
A lamellar structure high conductive polymer flexible driver and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following specific steps: taking out the prepared electrode film, soaking the electrode film in an organic solvent (alcohol) for 30 minutes, soaking the electrode film in deionized water for 30 minutes, cutting the electrode film soaked in deionized water into regular strips by scissors, soaking the electrode film in ionic liquid (EMIMTFSI) and heating the electrode film at 60 ℃ for 3 hours to remove redundant water in the film, and better enabling the ionic liquid to enter the film. The manufacturing of the driver adopts a hot-pressing method, the three-layer structure of the driver is respectively an electrode film, a nitric acid-acetic acid mixed cellulose ester film (electrolyte layer) and an electrode film, the three layers of the driver are placed layer by layer and then transferred onto glass slides, the three-layer structure is pressed by two glass slides, then the glass slides are placed into a 60 ℃ oven to be heated for 15-20 minutes, the glass slides are taken out after the heating is finished, and the driver after hot pressing is cut into a strip shape with the specification size of 20 mm long, 4 mm wide and the thickness of 180 micrometers.
Example 2
The high-conductivity polymer flexible driver provided by the invention can realize large deformation and bending displacement, large output force and large strain under low voltage. The working principle of the driver is as follows: and (3) applying alternating current to two ends of the driver, and under the action of an electric field, moving ions in the electrolyte, and moving cations to a cathode end and anions to an anode end in the moving process, wherein the volumes of the anions and the cations are different, and the volumes of the cations are larger than the volumes of the anions, so that cathode expansion and anode contraction occur, and the bending movement of the driver is shown macroscopically. As shown in fig. 1.
As shown in FIG. 2, at 1V voltage and 0.1Hz, the influence of different polyaniline contents on the strain of the driver, a small amount of polyaniline was found to have an effect of improving the driving performance of the driver, and an excessive amount of polyaniline was found to inhibit the performance. As a result of the study, it was found that the driving performance of the driver was optimal when the mass fraction of polyaniline in the doped state was 6%. The PEDOT-PSS electrode prepared by the template method has a layered structure, the structure can improve ion mobility, and the output force and the conductivity of the driver can be similarly verified. As shown in fig. 5, a soft grip made of a laminate structure highly conductive polymer flexible driver can grip an object 3 times its own weight.
Claims (5)
1. The preparation method of the laminated structure high conductive polymer flexible driver is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step one: adding doped polyaniline into a conductive polymer PEDOT-PSS solution as a conductive additive, adding an initiator 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole p-toluenesulfonate after stirring for the first time, wherein the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole p-toluenesulfonate can weaken interaction between PEDOT and PSS, promote separation and recombination of PEDOT-PSS molecular chains, improve electrode conductivity, and ultrasonically treat the solution after stirring again; the mass fraction of the PEDOT to PSS solution is 1% -1.3%, the mass ratio of PDEOT to PSS is 1:1-1:1.25, the mass ratio of doped polyaniline to PEDOT to PSS is 2% -14%, the concentration of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole p-toluenesulfonate is 0.5-0.2g/ml, the volume ratio of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole p-toluenesulfonate to PEDOT to PSS solution is 1:100, and the interaction between PEDOT and PSS can be weakened by the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole p-toluenesulfonate, so that the conductivity of PEDOT is improved by PEDOT aggregation; the preparation process of the doped polyaniline comprises the following steps: dissolving aniline in sulfuric acid solution, refrigerating at-10 ℃, adding ammonium persulfate sulfuric acid solution after precooling for 1-2 hours, reacting for 24 hours, filtering, washing the product with deionized water, and airing to obtain polyaniline, wherein the volume ratio of the aniline to the sulfuric acid solution to the ammonium persulfate sulfuric acid solution is 0.3-0.5:10:10; the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 5M, and the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution of ammonium persulfate is 0.22M;
step two: pouring the solution after ultrasonic treatment into a polytetrafluoroethylene customized mold, standing the solution for 20-24 hours in a room temperature environment, and naturally volatilizing and forming the solution; placing the naturally volatilized electrode film into an oven dryer, heating, drying and then annealing at a high temperature to obtain a dried electrode film;
step three: sequentially soaking the electrode film in an organic solvent and deionized water for 30 minutes, and then heating and soaking the electrode film in ionic liquid to obtain an ionic gel electrode film;
step four: and pressing and forming the ionic gel electrode film and the cellulose film in a hot pressing mode to obtain the flexible driver.
2. The method for preparing a flexible driver of a high conductive polymer with layered structure according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole p-toluenesulfonate is added 10-20 minutes after the first stirring, and the total stirring time is 2-4 hours.
3. The method for manufacturing a flexible driver of high conductive polymer with layered structure according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the high temperature annealing temperature is 140-160 ℃ and the constant temperature is maintained for 20-40 minutes, so that the molecular chains of PEDOT: PSS are rearranged to facilitate the formation of ion transmission channels, and the thickness of the obtained electrode film is 20-30 μm.
4. The method for manufacturing a layered structure highly conductive polymer flexible driver according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the organic solvent is alcohol, the ionic liquid is 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (EMIMTFSI) and the heating temperature is 60 ℃, and the soaking time is 3-5 hours, so as to remove the moisture in the electrode film and enhance the ionic conductivity.
5. The method of manufacturing a laminate structured highly conductive polymer flexible driver according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, two ion gel electrode films are placed on both sides of a cellulose film pre-soaked with an ionic liquid for 10 seconds, the cellulose film is a nitric acid-acetic acid mixed cellulose film, and then they are pressed together with two glass slides and in an oven at 60 ℃ for 15-20 minutes, and the thickness of the resulting driver is 160-220 μm.
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2011114208A (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2011-06-09 | Kaneka Corp | Method of manufacturing conductive polymer capacitor |
CN108766778A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-11-06 | 南京邮电大学 | All solid state transparent ultracapacitor of a kind of sandwich structure flexibility and preparation method thereof |
CN110233061A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-09-13 | 江西科技师范大学 | A kind of preparation method of the highly conductive porous flexible film of PEDOT:PSS |
CN114108132A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-03-01 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method of PEDOT fiber with high strength and high electric conductivity |
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2011114208A (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2011-06-09 | Kaneka Corp | Method of manufacturing conductive polymer capacitor |
CN108766778A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-11-06 | 南京邮电大学 | All solid state transparent ultracapacitor of a kind of sandwich structure flexibility and preparation method thereof |
CN110233061A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-09-13 | 江西科技师范大学 | A kind of preparation method of the highly conductive porous flexible film of PEDOT:PSS |
CN114108132A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-03-01 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method of PEDOT fiber with high strength and high electric conductivity |
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