CN114840971B - Method for determining heating steam consumption and heating coil area of marine cabin - Google Patents
Method for determining heating steam consumption and heating coil area of marine cabin Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010763 heavy fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining the heating steam consumption and the heating coil area of a marine cabin cabinet, and relates to the technical field of design of marine cabin cabinet steam heating coils. According to the invention, iterative calculation is carried out for a plurality of times according to the calculation result of the initial/end temperature of the heated medium, the result tends to an ideal value as much as possible, and accurate steam consumption and required heating coil area data are obtained for subsequent design work. Compared with the original estimation mode, the method is more accurate, reduces the waste of materials and equipment capacity, reduces design time, realizes accurate design, and improves working efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ship cabinet steam heating coil design, in particular to a method for determining the heating steam consumption and the heating coil area of a ship cabin.
Background
As international trade grows, the number of vessels in which the dominant vehicle is located increases. In order to ensure the cruising ability of the ship, heavy fuel tanks are provided, for example, a certain ocean-going bulk ship of 21 ten thousand tons, the volume of the heavy fuel tanks being about 5000 cubic meters. Because of the relatively high viscosity of heavy fuel oil, it is necessary to heat it prior to use, and therefore a large number of steam heating coils are required to heat the fuel tank. Some crude vessels also require the placement of heating coils in all cargo tanks, the number of which is extremely large.
The existing various process manuals only have heating coil empirical estimation formulas, and the calculated results have great redundancy. At present, only the least disadvantageous parameters can be used as calculation inputs, which leads to a greater steam consumption and a greater result of the required coil area.
Because the heating coil heating process is non-steady state conductive, i.e., the temperature field is time-varying. For example, changes over time in the temperature field of the building enclosure (walls, roof, etc.) caused by periodic changes in outdoor air temperature and solar radiation; the heating equipment causes the temperature in the wall to change along with time when heating intermittently, and the temperature is in an unsteady heat conduction process. According to the characteristics of the process, the unsteady heat conduction process can be divided into two main types of periodicity and transient.
In transient heat conduction processes, the temperature of the object is continuously increased (heating process) or decreased (cooling process) over time, and after a certain period of time, the temperature of the object gradually approaches the temperature of the surrounding medium, and finally, the heat balance is achieved.
The change in temperature distribution during heating or cooling of an object can be divided into three phases. The first phase is a period of time from the beginning of the process, and is characterized in that the temperature change gradually goes deep into the object from the boundary surface, at this time, the rate of change of the temperature in the object with time is different from place to place, the temperature distribution is greatly affected by the initial temperature distribution, and this phase is called an irregular condition phase. The initial temperature distribution gradually disappears as the influence of the normal condition stage is removed over time, and the second stage is entered, wherein the change rate of the temperature of each place in the object over time has a certain rule. The third stage of heating and cooling of the object is to establish a new steady state stage, which theoretically takes an indefinite period of time to reach, and in fact after a long period of time the temperature of the object is approximately considered to have reached a new steady state.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for determining the heating steam consumption and the heating coil area of a marine cabin cabinet, and the method can accurately obtain the steam consumption and the required heating coil area data.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme: the method for determining the heating steam consumption and the heating coil area of the marine cabin cabinet comprises the following steps:
S1, acquiring initial heating time and acquiring related parameters;
S2, respectively calculating the total energy and the energy conversion coefficient of the heating cabin according to the heat exchange area and the heat transfer coefficient and the temperature of each boundary of the cabin;
S3, respectively calculating the area of the heating coil required by the heating start temperature of the cabin and the area of the heating coil required by the heating end temperature of the cabin according to the total energy and the energy conversion coefficient of the heating cabin;
s4, obtaining a numerical range of the initial heating coil area from the S3, and selecting the initial heating coil area in the range;
S5, calculating the limit temperature of the heated medium according to the initial heating coil area selected in the S4;
S6, calculating heating time through the temperature limited by the heated medium, and judging the relation between the calculated heating time and the initial heating time:
If the calculated heating time is more than or equal to the initial heating time, returning to S2 to acquire the area of the initial heating coil again;
If the calculated heating time is less than the initial heating time, determining the obtained initial heating coil area as the final heating coil area, and calculating the heating consumption steam amount according to the final heating coil area.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, iterative calculation is carried out for a plurality of times according to the calculation result of the initial/end temperature of the heated medium, the result tends to an ideal value as much as possible, and accurate steam consumption and required heating coil area data are obtained for subsequent design work. Compared with the original estimation mode, the method is more accurate, reduces the waste of materials and equipment capacity, reduces design time, realizes accurate design, and improves working efficiency.
Further, the calculation formula of the total energy of the heating chamber in S2 is:
W＝∑A×K×θ
Where A is the heat exchange area of each boundary of the cabin, K is the heat transfer coefficient of each boundary of the cabin, and θ is the boundary temperature of the cabin.
Further, the calculation formula of the energy conversion coefficient of the heating cabin in S2 is: y= Σa×k.
Further, the calculation formula of the heating coil area required based on the initial temperature in S3 is:
Wherein A S1 is the area of the heating coil required based on the initial temperature, θ s is the average temperature of the heating system, t is the heating time, θ r is the final temperature of the heated medium, θ 0 is the initial temperature of the heated medium, V is the volume of the heated chamber, C is the specific heat of the heated medium, γ is the density of the heated medium, and K S is the heat transfer coefficient of the heating coil.
Further, in S3, the calculation formula of the heating coil area based on the end temperature is:
Where A S2 is the heating coil area required based on the end temperature.
Further, in S5, the calculation formula of the temperature limitation by the heating medium is:
wherein θ m is the temperature limit of the heated medium.
Further, the calculation formula of the heating time in S6 is:
Further, the calculation formula of the heating consumption steam amount in S6 is:
where G m is the heating consumption steam quantity and Δi is the available steam enthalpy difference.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for determining the heating steam consumption and the heating coil area of a marine tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments for a full understanding of the objects, features and effects of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The invention provides a method for determining the heating steam consumption and the heating coil area of a marine cabin cabinet, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring initial heating time and acquiring related parameters.
The technical document and the design scheme are consulted to obtain an initial heating time t 0, a heated cabin volume V and a cabin boundary heat exchange area A. Wherein, the initial heating time t 0 is obtained by referring to the technical specification of the ship; if the initial heating time t 0 is not described in the ship design specification, the setting is made empirically and conventionally. The heated cabin volume V and the cabin boundary heat exchange area a are not the same for different vessels, and are obtained by referring to the design drawing of the vessel.
The specific heat C of the heated medium and the density gamma of the heated medium are obtained by referring to the tables B1 and/or B2 of the ' national Boats and ships industry Standard of the people's republic '. Consult table 3 or table 1 below (heat transfer coefficient) in the national marine industry standard of the people's republic of China CB/T3373-91 to obtain the heat exchange coefficient K of each boundary of the cabin; consulting CB/T3373-91 attached to tables B1 and/or B2 of the industry standard of ships in the people's republic of China to obtain the initial temperature theta 0 of the heated medium and the heating terminal Wen r of the heated medium; referring to a CB/T3373-91 5 th page table 2 to obtain the temperature theta of each boundary cabin; the steam thermal parameter table is obtained by consulting the "Ship design handbook" China traffic science and technology Press (2013) or the "water and steam thermal property diagram" Harbin industry university publication (2004), and the steam inlet enthalpy value i 1 and the steam outlet enthalpy value i 2 are obtained by consulting the steam thermal parameter table.
TABLE 1 Heat transfer coefficient
Units: KJ/m2.H.K
Note that: x-default no heat exchange
S2, respectively calculating the total energy and the energy conversion coefficient of the heating cabin according to the heat exchange area and the heat transfer coefficient and the temperature of each boundary of the cabin:
The total energy of the heating chamber (total energy of the heating chamber is the sum of the energy of all the boundaries of the heated chamber, the boundaries comprise an upper deck, an upper outer plate of the waterline, an outer plate of the waterline, etc.) is calculated as follows:
W＝∑A×K×θ
Wherein A is the heat exchange area of each boundary of the cabin, and m 2; k is the heat transfer coefficient of each boundary of the cabin, W/(m 2. K); θ is the temperature of each boundary chamber, DEG C.
The calculation formula of the heating chamber energy conversion coefficient Y is as follows:
Y＝∑A×K
S3, respectively calculating the area of the heating coil required by the heating start temperature of the cabin and the area of the heating coil required by the heating end temperature of the cabin according to the total energy and the energy conversion coefficient of the heating cabin;
the calculation based on the heating coil area required for the starting temperature is:
Wherein A S1 is the area of the heating coil required based on the initial temperature, m 2;θs is the average temperature of the heating system, DEG C; t is heating time, h; θ r is the final heating temperature of the heated medium, and the temperature is DEG C; θ 0 is the initial temperature of the heated medium, DEG C; v is the heated cabin volume, m 3; c is the specific heat of the heated medium, KJ/kg DEG C; gamma is the density of the heated medium, kg/m 3;KS is the heat transfer coefficient of the heating coil, and W/(m 2.K).
The calculation based on the heating coil area required for the end temperature is:
Where A S2 is the heating coil area required based on the end temperature, m 2.
S4, obtaining the numerical range of the initial heating coil area from S3, namely
AS1≤AS≤AS2
The initial heating coil area is selected within this range.
S5, calculating the limit temperature of the heated medium according to the initial heating coil area selected in the S4.
The calculation formula of the temperature limited by the heating medium is:
Wherein, θ m is the temperature limited by the heating medium, DEG C.
S6, calculating heating time through the limited temperature of the heated medium, and judging the relation between the calculated heating time and the initial heating time.
The calculation formula of the heating time is as follows:
And if the calculated heating time t is more than or equal to the initial heating time, returning to S2 to acquire the area of the initial heating coil again, and repeating S3-S6 until the requirement is met.
If the calculated heating time t is less than the initial heating time, determining the obtained initial heating coil area as the final heating coil area, and calculating the heating consumption steam amount G m and the heating area to bilge ratio R according to the final heating coil area.
The calculation formula of the heating consumption steam amount is:
wherein G m is the steam consumption in heating, kg/h; Δi is the available steam enthalpy difference, KJ/kg; a S is the final heating coil area.
The calculation formula of the heating area and the cabin capacity ratio is as follows:
The method provided by the invention is simple, convenient and quick to obtain the final result, and is more accurate than the original design method, so that the manpower resources are saved, the waste of materials and equipment capacity is reduced, the design time is shortened, the accurate design is realized, and the working efficiency is improved. The method is convenient for designers to quickly develop the ship shape and respond to the requirements of the shipmen to quickly determine the ship shape scheme, thereby improving the competitiveness of the product.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above list is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is understood that those skilled in the art can make modifications and variations thereto, and it is intended that the present invention be construed as the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The method for determining the heating steam consumption and the heating coil area of the marine cabin cabinet is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S1, acquiring initial heating time and acquiring related parameters;
S2, respectively calculating the total energy and the energy conversion coefficient of the heating cabin according to the heat exchange area and the heat transfer coefficient and the temperature of each boundary of the cabin;
S3, respectively calculating the area of the heating coil required by the heating start temperature of the cabin and the area of the heating coil required by the heating end temperature of the cabin according to the total energy and the energy conversion coefficient of the heating cabin;
s4, obtaining a numerical range of the initial heating coil area from the S3, and selecting the initial heating coil area in the range;
S5, calculating the limit temperature of the heated medium according to the initial heating coil area selected in the S4;
S6, calculating heating time through the temperature limited by the heated medium, and judging the relation between the calculated heating time and the initial heating time:
If the calculated heating time is more than or equal to the initial heating time, returning to S2 to acquire the area of the initial heating coil again;
If the calculated heating time is less than the initial heating time, determining the obtained initial heating coil area as the final heating coil area, and calculating the heating consumption steam amount according to the final heating coil area.
2. The method of determining heating steam usage and heating coil area for a marine tank according to claim 1, wherein the total heating energy of the tank in S2 is calculated as:
W＝∑A×K×θ
Where A is the heat exchange area of each boundary of the cabin, K is the heat transfer coefficient of each boundary of the cabin, and θ is the boundary temperature of the cabin.
3. The method for determining the heating steam usage and the heating coil area of a marine tank according to claim 2, wherein the calculation formula of the heating tank energy conversion coefficient in S2 is: y= Σa×k.
4. A method of determining heating steam usage and heating coil area for a marine tank according to claim 3, wherein the calculation formula in S3 based on the heating coil area required for the starting temperature is:
Wherein A S1 is the area of the heating coil required based on the initial temperature, θ s is the average temperature of the heating system, t is the heating time, θ r is the final temperature of the heated medium, θ 0 is the initial temperature of the heated medium, V is the volume of the heated chamber, C is the specific heat of the heated medium, γ is the density of the heated medium, and K S is the heat transfer coefficient of the heating coil.
5. The method of determining heating vapor usage and heating coil area for a marine tank of claim 4, wherein the heating coil area based on the end temperature in S3 is calculated as:
Where A S2 is the heating coil area required based on the end temperature.
6. The method of determining heating vapor usage and heating coil area for a marine tank according to claim 5, wherein the calculation formula of the heating medium restriction temperature in S5 is:
wherein θ m is the temperature limit of the heated medium.
7. The method of determining heating steam usage and heating coil area for a marine tank according to claim 6, wherein the heating time in S6 is calculated as:
8. The method of determining heating steam usage and heating coil area for a marine tank according to claim 6, wherein the calculation formula of the heating consumption steam amount in S6 is:
where G m is the heating consumption steam quantity and Δi is the available steam enthalpy difference.
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Effective date of registration: 20240612 Address after: 125000 No.57 Zhenghe Road, Longgang District, Huludao City, Liaoning Province Applicant after: Liaoning Shunda Machinery Manufacturing (Group) Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 125000 Huludao City, Liaoning province Longgang District Jinhu Road No. 132 Applicant before: BOHAI Shipbuilding Heavy Industry Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |
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