CN114838118A - Thermal expansion compensation mechanism and end expansion structure and spiral transmission structure applying same - Google Patents

Thermal expansion compensation mechanism and end expansion structure and spiral transmission structure applying same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114838118A
CN114838118A CN202210333804.8A CN202210333804A CN114838118A CN 114838118 A CN114838118 A CN 114838118A CN 202210333804 A CN202210333804 A CN 202210333804A CN 114838118 A CN114838118 A CN 114838118A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
thermal expansion
rod
compensation
temperature monitoring
monitoring device
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Pending
Application number
CN202210333804.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李铁军
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Liaoning Huarong Equipment Technology Co ltd
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Liaoning Huarong Equipment Technology Co ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Liaoning Huarong Equipment Technology Co ltd filed Critical Liaoning Huarong Equipment Technology Co ltd
Priority to CN202210333804.8A priority Critical patent/CN114838118A/en
Publication of CN114838118A publication Critical patent/CN114838118A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/12—Arrangements for adjusting or for taking-up backlash not provided for elsewhere
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
    • F16H25/24—Elements essential to such mechanisms, e.g. screws, nuts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
    • G01K1/14—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
    • F16H25/24—Elements essential to such mechanisms, e.g. screws, nuts
    • F16H2025/2445—Supports or other means for compensating misalignment or offset between screw and nut
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/12—Arrangements for adjusting or for taking-up backlash not provided for elsewhere
    • F16H2057/126—Self-adjusting during operation, e.g. by a spring

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermal expansion compensation mechanism and an end expansion structure and a spiral transmission structure applied by the same, wherein the thermal expansion compensation mechanism comprises a main shaft box, thermal expansion parts, a compensation rod and a temperature controller; the temperature monitoring device is installed on the thermal expansion part, the heating and temperature monitoring device is installed on the compensation rod, the movable end of the compensation rod is connected with the fixed end of the thermal expansion part, the fixed end of the thermal expansion part is connected with the spindle box, the thermal expansion coefficients of the compensation rod and the thermal expansion part are the same, and the temperature controller is connected with the temperature monitoring device on the thermal expansion part and the heating and temperature monitoring device on the compensation rod. The invention greatly improves the precision stability of the equipment when the equipment is just operated or is irregularly operated, so that the equipment can be put into use under the condition of no idle operation and preheating, solves the problem of unstable precision caused by irregular thermal expansion, and improves the use efficiency of the equipment.

Description

Thermal expansion compensation mechanism and end expansion structure and spiral transmission structure applying same
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal expansion compensation, in particular to a thermal expansion compensation mechanism and an end expansion structure and a spiral transmission structure applied to the same.
Background
In the course of the operation of sophisticated automation equipment and machine tools, due to the characteristics of some structures or mechanisms, heat is generated, which causes differences in the temperature of the main parts, either wholly or locally, from the ambient temperature. Due to the temperature differences, corresponding thermal expansion of the main components will occur. Although the expansion amount tends to be stable after the equipment runs for a period of time, the use of the equipment is not influenced too much, before formal work, the equipment needs to run for a period of time, and the operation can be carried out after the expansion amount tends to be stable. This condition can affect the efficiency of normal use of the equipment and can also increase the wear of the equipment.
In precision equipment, a clamping mechanism is an important structure which directly influences the precision of a product to be produced, however, many automatic clamping mechanisms generate heat or indirectly receive heat to cause expansion along with the factors of the working principle of the automatic clamping mechanisms after working for a period of time. For example, an electromagnetic chuck can generate a certain temperature by itself due to the factors of an electromagnetic field; the hydraulic clamping mechanism can generate friction heat in the working process of the oil pump, so that the hydraulic oil is heated and then is conducted to the clamping mechanism.
For example, when the main body material of the electromagnetic chuck is made of marble, when the whole thickness of the electromagnetic chuck is 150mm, and the self temperature is higher than the ambient temperature by 30 ℃, the expansion amount can reach 0.0207mm, if the machining error and the accumulated error in the machining process are added, the quality requirement can not be met, and even the error required by some precision parts is much smaller than the numerical value.
In precision equipment, the mechanism most likely to cause such a problem is a screw mechanism such as a ball screw, a trapezoidal screw, or the like. The friction heat in the screw transmission working process can cause the temperature of the screw to change, and the temperature change can be changed according to the main working position change, the working strength change and other factors of the screw rod. For example, in a screw transmission mechanism which is frequently used in high-speed reciprocating, the frequent reciprocating distance is 500mm, and when the temperature of a screw rod is 40 ℃ higher than the ambient temperature, the expansion amount can reach 0.25 mm.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a thermal expansion compensation mechanism, an end expansion structure and a spiral transmission structure applied to the thermal expansion compensation mechanism to solve the problems.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the thermal expansion compensation mechanism comprises a spindle box, a thermal expansion part, a compensation rod and a temperature controller; the temperature monitoring device is installed on the thermal expansion part, the heating and temperature monitoring device is installed on the compensation rod, the movable end of the compensation rod is connected with the fixed end of the thermal expansion part, the fixed end of the thermal expansion part is connected with the spindle box, the thermal expansion coefficients of the compensation rod and the thermal expansion part are the same, and the temperature controller is connected with the temperature monitoring device on the thermal expansion part and the heating and temperature monitoring device on the compensation rod.
The end expansion structure is provided with a thermal expansion compensation mechanism, a thermal expansion part is a clamping mechanism, a temperature monitoring device is installed on the clamping mechanism, the fixed end of the clamping mechanism is connected with a spindle box, the spindle box is connected with a first sliding block, the first sliding block is connected with a sliding rail in a sliding mode, the sliding rail is installed on a first frame, the first frame is connected with the fixed end of a compensation rod, the movable end of the compensation rod is connected with the fixed end of the clamping mechanism, and a heating and temperature monitoring device is installed on the compensation rod.
The first sliding plate is of an L-shaped structure, a long edge of the first sliding plate is horizontally fixed between the spindle box and the first sliding block, a short edge of the first sliding plate faces downwards vertically, and the inner side of the first sliding plate is connected with the movable end of the compensation rod.
Screw drive structure, thermal energy compensation mechanism has, the thermal energy spare part is the screw rod, install temperature monitoring device on the screw rod, the stiff end of screw rod passes through the nut and is connected with the headstock, the headstock is connected with slider one, slider one and slide rail sliding connection, the slide rail is installed on frame two, frame two is connected with the stiff end of compensating rod, the expansion end of compensating rod passes through the motor mounting bracket and is connected with the expansion end of screw rod, install the walking motor on the motor mounting bracket, the walking motor is connected with the expansion end of screw rod, the motor mounting bracket passes through slider two and slide rail sliding connection, install heating and temperature monitoring device on the compensating rod.
Furthermore, the spindle box further comprises a second sliding plate, the second sliding plate is fixed between the spindle box and the first sliding block, and the nut is fixed on the second sliding plate.
Furthermore, the two frame channels are connected with the fixed end of the compensation rod through the fixed block.
Furthermore, a plurality of temperature monitoring devices are installed on the screw at intervals, and a corresponding number of heating and temperature monitoring devices are installed on the compensation rod corresponding to the temperature monitoring devices on the screw.
The invention greatly improves the precision stability of the equipment when the equipment is just operated or is irregularly operated, so that the equipment can be put into use under the condition of no idle operation and preheating, solves the problem of unstable precision caused by irregular thermal expansion, and improves the use efficiency of the equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of an end expansion structure;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the end expansion feature;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the screw drive structure;
FIG. 5 is a side view of the screw drive structure;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a thermal expansion compensation logic diagram.
Wherein: 1. a clamping mechanism; 2. a main spindle box; 3. a first sliding plate; 4. a first sliding block; 5. a slide rail; 6. a first machine frame; 7. a compensation lever; 8. a heating and temperature monitoring device; 9. a second sliding plate; 10. a fixed block; 11. a second frame; 12. a nut; 13. a traveling motor; 14. a screw; 15. a second sliding block; 16. motor mounting bracket.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are further described below with reference to fig. 1-7.
The thermal expansion compensation mechanism comprises a main spindle box 2, thermal expansion parts, a compensation rod 7 and a temperature controller; the temperature monitoring device is installed on the thermal expansion part, the heating and temperature monitoring device 8 is installed on the compensation rod 7, the movable end of the compensation rod 7 is connected with the fixed end of the thermal expansion part, the fixed end of the thermal expansion part is connected with the spindle box 2, the thermal expansion coefficients of the compensation rod 7 and the thermal expansion part are the same, and the temperature controller is connected with the temperature monitoring device on the thermal expansion part and the heating and temperature monitoring device 8 on the compensation rod 7.
Data is input to the temperature controller in real time by temperature monitoring devices on the thermal expansion components. The temperature controller heats the compensating rod 7 through the data of the monitored temperature, and then the data is corrected through a temperature monitoring device on the compensating rod 7. Because the material of the compensation rod 7 is consistent with that of the thermal expansion part, the linear thermal expansion coefficients of the compensation rod and the thermal expansion part are also consistent, and the temperatures of the compensation rod and the thermal expansion part are also consistent through the temperature monitoring device and the heating device, so that the expansion values of the compensation rod and the thermal expansion part can also be consistent, and the compensation purpose is achieved.
Tip expanded structure, thermal expansion compensation mechanism has, the thermal expansion spare part is fixture 1, install temperature monitoring device on the fixture 1, fixture 1's stiff end is connected with headstock 2, slide one 3 is L type structure, slide one 3 long limit level is fixed between headstock 2 and slider one 4, slide one 3 minor face is vertical downwards, its inboard is connected with the expansion end of compensating rod 7, slider one 4 and slide rail 5 sliding connection, slide rail 5 installs on frame one 6, frame one 6 is connected with the stiff end of compensating rod 7, the expansion end of compensating rod 7 is connected with fixture 1's stiff end, install heating and temperature monitoring device 8 on the compensating rod 7.
The structure of fig. 1-3 can be used when thermal expansion of the fixture 1 occurs. A slide rail 5 and a slide block 4 are additionally arranged between the main spindle box 2 and a frame 6, so that the main spindle box can be adjusted. A compensation rod 7 with a heating and temperature monitoring device 8 is added. A temperature monitoring device is also added on the clamping mechanism 1. The expansion can be compensated for by the compensation logic of fig. 7.
In practical use, the size of the clamping mechanism 1 is 150mm, the thermal expansion of the clamping mechanism is 0.0207mm when the temperature difference is 30 ℃, the device can compensate back to 0.0186-0.227mm, and basically can compensate back to 85% of deviation.
The spiral transmission structure is provided with a thermal expansion compensation mechanism, a thermal expansion part is a screw rod 14, a sliding plate II 9 is fixed between a main spindle box 2 and a sliding block I4, a nut 12 is fixed on the sliding plate II 9, the nut 12 is connected with a fixed end of the screw rod 14, the sliding block I4 is connected with a sliding rail 5 in a sliding mode, the sliding rail 5 is installed on a frame II 11, the frame II 11 is connected with a fixed end of a compensation rod 7 through a fixed block 10, a movable end of the compensation rod 7 is connected with a movable end of the screw rod 14 through a motor installation frame 16, a walking motor 13 is installed on the motor installation frame 16, the walking motor 13 is connected with the movable end of the screw rod 14, the motor installation frame 16 is connected with the sliding rail 5 through a sliding block II 15, a plurality of temperature monitoring devices are installed on the screw rod 14 at intervals, the compensation rod 7 corresponds to the temperature monitoring devices on the screw rod 14, and a corresponding number of heating and temperature monitoring devices 8 are installed.
The structure of fig. 4 to 6 can be used to compensate for thermal expansion of the screw 14 in the screw mechanism. In the original structure, the motor mounting rack 16 is fixed with the second rack 11 and cannot move, and in the improvement process, the motor mounting rack 16 needs to be changed into a movable structure in a specific operation mode that a first sliding block 4 is additionally arranged and shares a sliding rail 5 with a second sliding plate 9; and a compensation rod 7 with a heating and temperature monitoring device 8 is additionally arranged on the motor mounting frame 16, and the other end of the compensation rod 7 is fixed with the second rack 11, so that reverse adjustment can be realized.
During the specific use of the screw transmission mechanism, the screw 14 and the nut 12 are used at different positions and different frequencies at different times, which also causes the position, duration and other factors of the screw 14 generating heat to be greatly changed. Therefore, the structure adopted in this example is multipoint temperature acquisition, the compensation rod 7 also needs to be added with the heating and temperature monitoring device 8 corresponding to the number of temperature monitoring positions of the screw 14, so that the temperature of the screw 14 and the temperature of the compensation rod 7 at the same position are as consistent as possible, and theoretically, the more temperature acquisition positions of the screw 14, the higher the compensation precision.
In actual use, the frequent reciprocating distance of the screw 14 is 500mm, when the temperature of the screw 14 is 40 ℃ higher than the ambient temperature, the expansion amount of the screw can reach 0.25mm, and the distance capable of realizing sectional compensation can also be 0.212-0.275 mm.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The thermal expansion compensation mechanism is characterized by comprising a spindle box (2), thermal expansion parts, a compensation rod (7) and a temperature controller; install temperature monitoring device on the thermal expansion spare part, install heating and temperature monitoring device (8) on compensating rod (7), the expansion end of compensating rod (7) is connected with the stiff end of thermal expansion spare part, the stiff end of thermal expansion spare part is connected with headstock (2), compensating rod (7) are the same with the thermal expansion coefficient of thermal expansion spare part, temperature controller links to each other with temperature monitoring device on the thermal expansion spare part, heating and temperature monitoring device (8) on compensating rod (7).
2. The end expansion structure is characterized by comprising the thermal expansion compensation mechanism in claim 1, wherein a thermal expansion part is the clamping mechanism (1), a temperature monitoring device is installed on the clamping mechanism (1), the fixed end of the clamping mechanism (1) is connected with the spindle box (2), the spindle box (2) is connected with the first sliding block (4), the first sliding block (4) is connected with the sliding rail (5) in a sliding manner, the sliding rail (5) is installed on the first rack (6), the first rack (6) is connected with the fixed end of the compensation rod (7), the movable end of the compensation rod (7) is connected with the fixed end of the clamping mechanism (1), and a heating and temperature monitoring device (8) is installed on the compensation rod (7).
3. The end expansion structure of claim 2, further comprising a first sliding plate (3), wherein the first sliding plate (3) is of an L-shaped structure, the long side of the first sliding plate (3) is horizontally fixed between the main spindle box (2) and the first sliding block (4), the short side of the first sliding plate (3) faces downwards vertically, and the inner side of the first sliding plate is connected with the movable end of the compensation rod (7).
4. The spiral transmission structure is characterized by comprising the thermal expansion compensation mechanism of claim 1, wherein a thermal expansion part is a screw rod (14), a temperature monitoring device is installed on the screw rod (14), the fixed end of the screw rod (14) is connected with a main spindle box (2) through a nut (12), the main spindle box (2) is connected with a first slider (4), the first slider (4) is connected with a sliding rail (5) in a sliding manner, the sliding rail (5) is installed on a second frame (11), the second frame (11) is connected with the fixed end of a compensation rod (7), the movable end of the compensation rod (7) is connected with the movable end of the screw rod (14) through a motor installation frame (16), a walking motor (13) is installed on the motor installation frame (16), the walking motor (13) is connected with the movable end of the screw rod (14), and the motor installation frame (16) is connected with the sliding rail (5) through a second slider (15), the compensating rod (7) is provided with a heating and temperature monitoring device (8).
5. The screw drive according to claim 4, further comprising a second slide plate (9), wherein the second slide plate (9) is fixed between the spindle box (2) and the first slide block (4), and the nut (12) is fixed on the second slide plate (9).
6. The screw transmission structure according to claim 4, wherein the second frame (11) is connected with the fixed end of the compensation rod (7) through a fixed block (10).
7. The screw transmission structure according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of temperature monitoring devices are arranged on the screw (14) at intervals, and a corresponding number of heating and temperature monitoring devices (8) are arranged on the compensation rod (7) corresponding to the temperature monitoring devices on the screw (14).
CN202210333804.8A 2022-03-31 2022-03-31 Thermal expansion compensation mechanism and end expansion structure and spiral transmission structure applying same Pending CN114838118A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210333804.8A CN114838118A (en) 2022-03-31 2022-03-31 Thermal expansion compensation mechanism and end expansion structure and spiral transmission structure applying same

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210333804.8A CN114838118A (en) 2022-03-31 2022-03-31 Thermal expansion compensation mechanism and end expansion structure and spiral transmission structure applying same

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114838118A true CN114838118A (en) 2022-08-02

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210333804.8A Pending CN114838118A (en) 2022-03-31 2022-03-31 Thermal expansion compensation mechanism and end expansion structure and spiral transmission structure applying same

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN114838118A (en)

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