CN114838083B - Distributed variable damping composite vibration attenuation system and vibration attenuation method based on LoRa communication - Google Patents
Distributed variable damping composite vibration attenuation system and vibration attenuation method based on LoRa communication Download PDFInfo
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- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/002—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion characterised by the control method or circuitry
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- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/022—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using dampers and springs in combination
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
- F16F15/08—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with rubber springs ; with springs made of rubber and metal
- F16F15/085—Use of both rubber and metal springs
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- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/53—Means for adjusting damping characteristics by varying fluid viscosity, e.g. electromagnetically
- F16F9/535—Magnetorheological [MR] fluid dampers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
- F16L55/02—Energy absorbers; Noise absorbers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
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- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16Y—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS [IoT]
- G16Y20/00—Information sensed or collected by the things
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16Y—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS [IoT]
- G16Y40/00—IoT characterised by the purpose of the information processing
- G16Y40/10—Detection; Monitoring
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16Y—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS [IoT]
- G16Y40/00—IoT characterised by the purpose of the information processing
- G16Y40/30—Control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
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- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
- F16F2230/08—Sensor arrangement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
- F16F2230/18—Control arrangements
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/10—Noise analysis or noise optimisation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
- H04Q2209/40—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems using a wireless architecture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention provides a distributed variable damping composite vibration attenuation system and a vibration attenuation method based on LoRa communication. The invention also designs a spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator and a rubber magnetic fluid vibration isolator respectively aiming at power equipment and a pipeline, utilizes monitoring equipment integrated with LoRa wireless transmission technology to transmit data to a centralized control platform, realizes parameter online observation, online setting and online regulation and control through the centralized control platform, establishes a mathematical relation model between rigidity and current, adopts PLC to carry out targeted programming according to control requirements, establishes a vibration automatic control system through PID feedback control, realizes intelligent and visual management of machine room vibration and noise control, and realizes a vibration damping control mode combining active control and passive control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration and noise reduction, and particularly relates to a distributed variable damping composite vibration reduction system and a vibration reduction method based on LoRa communication.
Background
The power equipment and the fluid pipelines in the machine room are numerous, mechanical vibration and noise can be generated when the power equipment operates, flow-induced vibration and noise can be generated when fluid moves in the equipment and the pipelines, and the problem that adjacent functional rooms vibrate and noise exceeds the standard due to abnormal vibration of any equipment or pipeline can be caused; particularly, in the middle equipment layer of a super high-rise building, functional rooms such as guest rooms and conference rooms are arranged on the upper layer and the lower layer, and requirements on vibration and noise indexes are stricter, so that power equipment and pipeline vibration in a machine room need to be cooperatively controlled and managed.
In the current building construction process, power equipment such as a water pump and the like is only subjected to model selection according to flow and lift, and the resonance problem caused by the fact that the running frequency of the equipment is close to the inherent frequency of the equipment foundation is not considered; the type selection of the vibration isolator mostly depends on experience, the influence of the rigidity of the vibration isolator on the vibration isolation effect is not considered, and the vibration isolation efficiency, the sound insulation coefficient and the like are not scientifically analyzed.
With the development of the frequency conversion technology, most power equipment such as a water pump runs in a frequency conversion mode, the vibration excitation size and frequency of the power equipment change along with the change of indoor load, so that the fluid impact force and disturbance frequency in a pipeline change along with the change of the indoor load, and vibration isolators of the power equipment and a pipeline are mostly fixed in rigidity, so that the dynamic change condition of the vibration excitation caused by the frequency conversion of the power equipment is difficult to adapt. Power equipment receives fluid impact force effect under operating condition, synthesizes focus and deviates to one side, and is not on same plumb line with isolator rigidity center, and the vibration intensification, traditional isolator can't carry out rigidity adjustment according to power equipment tilt state, leads to the damping effect relatively poor. In addition, at present, a plurality of devices and pipelines are arranged in a machine room, the operation conditions of different vibration sources cannot be monitored in real time, and the vibration sources are difficult to judge and adjust in time under the condition of overproof vibration, so that the vibration influence is relatively continuous.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a distributed variable damping composite vibration attenuation system and a vibration attenuation method based on LoRa communication.
The present invention achieves the above technical objects by the following technical means.
A distributed variable damping composite vibration attenuation system based on LoRa communication comprises monitoring equipment, a LoRa signal transmission module, a LoRa gateway, a centralized control platform, a cloud server and a vibration isolation unit; the monitoring equipment is in signal connection with the LoRa gateway through the LoRa signal transmission module and transmits vibration speed, vibration displacement, noise and frequency data of the frequency converter monitored by each monitoring point; the LoRa gateway is in data communication with the centralized control platform through a LoRa signal transmission module, the LoRa gateway is also in data communication with the cloud server through a 5G or WIFI mode, and a user accesses the cloud server through a mobile phone APP or a PC (personal computer) end to acquire real-time data and historical data of vibration and noise;
the vibration isolation unit and the centralized control platform are in data communication through a LoRa signal transmission module, transmit current and voltage data, receive a control instruction of the centralized control platform and adjust the rigidity of the vibration isolator; the vibration isolation unit comprises a spring magnetofluid composite vibration isolator for vibration isolation of power equipment and a rubber magnetofluid vibration isolator for vibration isolation of pipelines; the monitoring equipment comprises a vibration speed sensor, a vibration displacement sensor and a wireless noise monitor
An instrument, an ammeter and a voltmeter.
Further, the centralized control platform comprises a vibration and noise data display module, a vibration isolator parameter monitoring and adjusting module and a parameter presetting module; the vibration and noise data display module is used for displaying the vibration speed, vibration displacement and noise data of each monitoring point; the vibration isolator parameter monitoring and adjusting module is used for displaying current, voltage and rigidity information of the vibration isolators at each monitoring point, and is also used for selecting an adjusting mode, wherein the adjusting mode comprises manual adjustment and automatic adjustment; the parameter presetting module comprises an equipment vibration parameter setting submodule, a pipeline vibration parameter setting submodule and an adjacent room noise parameter setting submodule.
Further, the centralized control platform comprises a parameter presetting module and a vibration isolator model selection and effect analysis module, and the vibration isolator model selection and effect analysis module comprises a vibration isolator model selection analysis submodule and a vibration isolation effect analysis submodule; the dynamic load, the static load, the safety coefficient, the quantity of the vibration isolators, the rigidity of the vibration isolators and the disturbance frequency in the vibration isolator model selection analysis submodule are all filled after preliminary model selection according to actual working conditions; the centralized control platform analyzes the vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolator based on vibration isolator model selection analysis software, feeds back two indexes of vibration isolation efficiency and sound insulation coefficient in the vibration isolation effect analysis submodule, and then performs comparative analysis with the limit value preset by the parameter presetting module to provide a vibration isolation model selection vibration attenuation effect evaluation conclusion.
Further, the two indexes of the vibration isolation efficiency and the sound insulation coefficient are calculated as follows:
the vibration isolator bears the load of
，
；
Vibration isolator natural frequency of
，
；
Then the frequency ratio
Comprises the following steps:
the vibration isolation efficiency and the sound insulation coefficient are calculated according to the following formula:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the dynamic load is represented by the number of lines,
the static load is represented by the static load,
the number of the vibration isolators is shown in a representation,
the safety factor is represented, and the safety factor,
the stiffness of the preliminarily selected vibration isolator is shown,
which is indicative of the frequency of the disturbance,
the vibration isolation efficiency is shown to be exhibited,
represents the sound insulation coefficient.
Further, the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator comprises a bolt, a spring, a top cover, an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder which share the same cylinder bottom plate, wherein the top cover is arranged at the top of the inner cylinder and comprises an upper top cover and a lower top cover which are integrally formed and provided with through holes; the thickness of the upper top cover is larger than the maximum compression amount of the spring, the bolt penetrates through the through hole and is locked and fixed through the nut, one end of the spring is connected and fixed with the lower top cover through the nut at the lower end of the bolt, and the other end of the spring is fixed with the cylinder bottom plate through the lower bolt assembly; a sealing ring is arranged between the lower top cover and the side wall of the inner cylinder, the inner cylinder is filled with magnetic fluid, and the side edge of the inner cylinder is provided with a liquid inlet door and a liquid outlet door which are opened in one direction; the outer cylinder is internally provided with magnetic fluid and compressed nitrogen, and the periphery of the outer cylinder is surrounded with a coil for generating a magnetic field.
Furthermore, the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator is symmetrically arranged below the power equipment and close to the edge of the power equipment, a vibration speed sensor and a vibration displacement sensor are arranged on the surface of the power equipment, the vibration speed sensor and the vibration displacement sensor are in data communication with the centralized control platform through a LoRa signal transmission module, and a power supply adopts a modular battery pack to respectively supply power to the LoRa signal transmission module and a coil of the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator;
the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator is provided with a power supply loop, an ammeter, a voltmeter and a digital potentiometer are installed on the power supply loop, control circuits are installed on the ammeter, the voltmeter and the digital potentiometer and connected with the LoRa signal transmission module, current of the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator, voltage of the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator and resistance information of the digital potentiometer are collected to the LoRa signal transmission module through the control circuits, transmitted to the LoRa gateway through the LoRa signal transmission module and finally displayed on the centralized control platform;
the centralized control platform receives vibration and noise data transmitted by the monitoring equipment, compares the vibration and noise data with preset parameter values, issues an adjusting instruction, and adjusts the coil current of the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator by adjusting the resistance value of the digital potentiometer, so that the magnetic field and the viscosity of the magnetic fluid are adjusted, and the rigidity of the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator is actively adjusted.
Further, the principle that the centralized control platform actively adjusts the rigidity of the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator is as follows:
the output voltage of the power supply is
The current of the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator is
The digital potentiometer has a resistance of
The other part of the resistance in the power supply loop is
，
Keeping the rigidity of the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator unchanged in the process of adjusting the rigidity of the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator, and then:
a mathematical relation model between the rigidity and the current of the spring-magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator is established through actual tests, the required rigidity is calculated and obtained on the basis of disturbance frequency and in combination with the vibration isolation efficiency set by a parameter presetting module of a centralized control platform, and then the current corresponding to the rigidity is determined according to the mathematical relation model between the rigidity and the current
To thereby calculate the required digital potentiometer resistance
(ii) a Then the centralized control platform sends out an adjusting instruction to adjust the resistance of the digital potentiometer to a specified value, so that the current is enabled
Is adjusted to meet the requirements.
Further, when the vibration excitation of the power equipment is increased, the spring and magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator firstly carries out rigidity passive adjustment, and when the passive adjustment cannot meet the vibration reduction requirement, the active adjustment is carried out; the passive regulation principle is as follows:
when the vibration excitation of the power equipment is increased, the compression amount of the spring is increased, the upper top cover and the lower top cover both move downwards, the pressure of the magnetic fluid of the inner cylinder is increased, when the pressure reaches the rated pressure of the liquid outlet door, the liquid outlet door is jacked open, the magnetic fluid of the inner cylinder flows into the outer cylinder, the liquid level of the magnetic fluid of the outer cylinder rises, the compressed nitrogen in the outer cylinder is further compressed, the pressure is increased until the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder reach the balance state again, and the passive regulation is completed.
Further, the rubber magnetic fluid vibration isolator is sleeved on the periphery of the pipeline and used for radial vibration isolation of the pipeline and comprises a rubber layer, a magnetic fluid layer, a coil layer and a protective layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; when the structure of the rubber magnetofluid vibration isolator cannot eliminate pipeline vibration, the current of the rubber magnetofluid vibration isolator is controlled by the centralized control platform to adjust the magnetic field, and then the viscosity of the magnetofluid in the magnetofluid layer is adjusted, so that the rigidity of the rubber magnetofluid vibration isolator is actively adjusted, and the adjusting principle is the same as that of the spring magnetofluid composite vibration isolator.
A vibration damping method using the distributed variable damping composite vibration damping system based on LoRa communication comprises the following steps:
step 1: on the basis of initial model selection of the vibration source equipment and the vibration isolator, a finite element analysis method is adopted to build a 1:1 simulation model of the vibration source, the vibration isolator and a vibration source foundation, and modal analysis and harmonic response analysis are carried out to obtain modal characteristics and vibration characteristics of the vibration source, the vibration isolator and the vibration source foundation;
on the centralized control platform, developing and designing vibration isolator model selection analysis software by adopting a computer programming language based on a NET framework; parameters are input into a vibration isolator type selection analysis submodule and a parameter presetting module of the centralized control platform, the vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolator is analyzed, and the vibration isolation effect is fed back by two indexes, namely vibration isolation efficiency and a sound isolation coefficient, in the vibration isolation effect analysis submodule of the centralized control platform; comparing and analyzing the vibration isolation effect data with a limit value preset by a parameter presetting module to provide a conclusion of vibration isolation and vibration reduction effect evaluation for vibration isolation model selection, and assisting constructors in model selection of the vibration isolation;
and 2, step: installing a vibration isolator and monitoring equipment on site, and transmitting real-time monitoring data to a vibration isolator parameter monitoring and adjusting module and a vibration and noise data display module of the centralized control platform by the monitoring equipment in a LoRa communication mode for displaying;
and step 3: the centralized control platform acquires and analyzes monitoring data transmitted by monitoring equipment based on a PID feedback regulation mode, and performs active and passive combined vibration reduction control on the power equipment and vibration isolators on the pipeline;
step 3.1: when any one parameter of the vibration speed and the vibration displacement in the vibration and noise data display module is larger than a preset limit value of a parameter preset module and the duration exceeds a preset allowable time limit, the centralized control platform automatically calculates the required rigidity according to the disturbance frequency and the vibration isolation efficiency limit value, obtains the required current value according to the analysis of a mathematical relation model between the rigidity and the current, sends a current regulation instruction according to the current regulation instruction, regulates the resistance values of a digital potentiometer on a coil power supply loop of the power equipment and the pipeline, regulates the coil current of the vibration isolator, realizes the regulation of the magnetic field and the viscosity of the magnetic fluid, and finally realizes the active regulation of the rigidity of the vibration isolator;
step 3.2: when the monitored noise data is larger than the preset limit value of the parameter preset module and the preset allowable time-out duration is continuously exceeded, the centralized control platform automatically analyzes the vibration characteristic historical data of each vibration source monitoring point within 10 minutes, screens out three vibration sources of which the vibration characteristic data are closest to the set limit value, and preliminarily determines that the vibration characteristic data are weak links of vibration; and (4) adjusting the rigidity of the vibration isolators at the three vibration sources according to the rigidity adjusting mode in the step 3.1.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts finite element analysis technology to establish a vibration source, a vibration isolator and a vibration source foundation 1 simulation model, obtains vibration characteristic data in advance, guides vibration source equipment and vibration isolator model selection and avoids generating resonance. The centralized control platform integrates vibration isolator model selection analysis software, and guides parameter model selection of the vibration isolator through scientific calculation based on parameters such as vibration isolation efficiency, sound insulation coefficient and the like.
The sensors in the invention are all integrated with LoRa information transmission modules, modularized installation is carried out, wiring is not needed, the installation process is convenient and rapid, the arrangement position is flexible, and the LoRa information transmission technology has the characteristics of long transmission distance, low power, long service life of a battery and the like, and can completely meet the requirements of regional vibration and noise control.
According to the invention, based on the LoRa information transmission technology, a distributed multi-vibration-source Internet of things monitoring and control platform is established, each functional module is integrated on a centralized control platform, the functions of information receiving, transmitting, storing, calculating, analyzing, parameter setting and displaying are realized, vibration and noise data monitored by each monitoring point are transmitted to the centralized control platform in real time for displaying, the data such as the vibration speed, the vibration displacement, the voltage and current parameters of the magnetic fluid vibration isolator and the like of each vibration source can be observed in real time, centralized regulation and control are carried out, the visualization level and the informatization level of a vibration reduction system are improved, and efficient management is realized.
The invention designs corresponding vibration isolation devices aiming at power equipment and pipelines respectively; the vibration isolation of power equipment adopts a composite vibration isolation mode of spring vibration isolation and magnetic fluid vibration isolation, integrates the performances of the spring vibration isolation and the magnetic fluid vibration isolation, the spring vibration isolation bears the excitation force of a vibration source, the magnetic fluid hydraulic vibration isolation plays a balance role when the equipment is subjected to unbalanced acting force, and the rigidity of the vibration isolation is changed through electromagnetic control when the frequency of the excitation force is changed, so that the adaptability of the vibration isolation device to different running states is improved, and the manufacturing cost is lower. The pipeline vibration isolation design mode adopts a magnetorheological elastomer, and the quick vibration isolator suitable for different pipeline specifications is designed by combining the shape characteristics of the pipeline.
The invention comprehensively monitors the vibration source based on two parameters of vibration and noise; the noise is a physical parameter directly influencing the comfort of a human body, under the superposition effect of multiple vibration sources, the vibration of a single vibration source generally meets the requirement, and the noise of a superposed room does not meet the standard requirement.
The centralized control platform integrates two modes of manual control and automatic control, and realizes the remote control of the input current of the magnetic fluid vibration isolator; in the manual control mode, stepless regulation of the magnitude of the current of the vibration isolator can be realized by clicking the plus on the centralized control platform; under the automatic control mode, a mathematical relation model between rigidity and current is established based on the corresponding relation between the rigidity and the current of the magnetic fluid vibration isolator, and a magnetic fluid current closed-loop feedback control algorithm is established by the centralized control platform based on a PLC (programmable logic controller) to form an active control scheme and realize dynamic control of vibration and noise.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the transmission of the LoRa signal in the damping system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the hardware modules of the centralized control platform according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a functional interface of the centralized control platform according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the spring-magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator according to the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the lower spring magnetofluid composite vibration isolator of the power equipment;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the pipe damping of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of an active and passive combination damping control method;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of vibration and noise feedback control;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the PTD control.
In the figure: 1-top cover; 2-lower top cover; 3-sealing ring; 4-a spring; 5-compressing nitrogen; 6-a liquid outlet door; 7-a liquid inlet door; 8-a vibration velocity sensor; 9-a vibratory displacement sensor; 10-a power supply; 11-a current meter; 12-a voltmeter; 13-a digital potentiometer; 14-spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator; 15-a rubber layer; 16-a magnetofluid layer; 17-a coil layer; 18-protective layer.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are used in a broad sense, and for example, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" may be fixed, detachable, or integrated, and may be directly connected, indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or communicated between two elements; the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
As shown in fig. 1, the distributed variable damping composite vibration damping system based on LoRa communication, disclosed by the invention, is shown in fig. 1 and comprises monitoring equipment, an LoRa signal transmission module, an LoRa gateway, a centralized control platform, a cloud server and a vibration isolation unit; the monitoring equipment comprises a vibration speed sensor 8, a vibration displacement sensor 9, a wireless noise monitor, an ammeter 11 and a voltmeter 12, and in practical application, the wireless noise monitor is installed in an adjacent room of a machine room and used for monitoring noise data and transmitting the noise data to the centralized control platform in real time for displaying. The monitoring equipment is in signal connection with the LoRa gateway through the LoRa signal transmission module and transmits data such as vibration speed, vibration displacement, noise, frequency of a frequency converter and the like monitored by each monitoring point; the LoRa gateway is in data communication with the centralized control platform through the LoRa signal transmission module; the LoRa gateway still carries out data communication through modes such as 5G or WIFI with cloud server, and the user passes through cell-phone APP or PC end access cloud server, acquires vibration and noise's real-time data, historical data. The vibration isolation unit is in signal connection with the centralized control platform, so that the centralized control platform can monitor the working state condition of the corresponding vibration isolator in the vibration isolation unit in real time, and simultaneously receive the control instruction of the centralized control platform to adjust the rigidity of the vibration isolator.
As shown in fig. 2, the centralized control platform hardware assembly includes a central processing unit, a storage device, a memory, a signal input module, and a signal output module, which are integrated on a motherboard, and the central processing unit includes two parts, namely a controller and an arithmetic unit. The signal input by the signal input module is stored in the storage device, and the memory reads required data from the storage device and temporarily registers the data in the memory; the arithmetic unit reads data from the memory, performs automatic arithmetic processing based on a PLC built-in program, and outputs an arithmetic processing result (namely a control instruction) to the memory; the memory outputs the control instruction through the signal output module according to the requirement; the controller is used for scheduling the relevant data of the signal input module, the storage device, the memory and the signal output module.
The centralized control platform displays each functional interface as shown in fig. 3 (in fig. 3, N is a positive integer and represents a mark number of a monitoring point location) based on the touch liquid crystal screen, and comprises a vibration and noise data display module, a vibration isolator parameter monitoring and adjusting module, a parameter presetting module and a vibration isolator model selection and effect analysis module.
The vibration and noise data display module is used for displaying vibration and noise data of each monitoring point, the vibration and noise data comprise vibration speed, vibration displacement and noise data, display of other monitoring points outside the screen can be achieved through the sliding liquid crystal screen, and the use is convenient and flexible; vibration and noise data show module still is provided with the warning lamp, adopts green and red two-color show, demonstrates with green to the monitoring point position of vibration and noise data within the limit value, demonstrates with red to the monitoring point position that vibration and noise data surpass the limit value to the priority is in the front row show, the managers of being convenient for in time discover abnormal conditions.
As shown in fig. 3, the vibration isolator parameter monitoring and adjusting module is configured to display information of current, voltage, and stiffness of the vibration isolator at each monitoring point, and is configured to select an adjusting mode, where the adjusting mode includes manual adjustment and automatic adjustment; the rigidity of the vibration isolator dynamically changes according to the current, so that a check box is arranged behind parameter data corresponding to each monitoring point in the vibration isolator parameter monitoring and adjusting module; in a manual mode, after a check box corresponding to a monitoring point position to be adjusted is selected, the current can be manually adjusted by clicking a plus button and a minus button, and further, the manual adjustment of the rigidity is realized; in the automatic mode, after a check box corresponding to the monitoring point position to be adjusted is selected, the centralized control platform automatically controls and adjusts vibration and noise based on the PLC.
As shown in fig. 3, the parameter presetting module includes an equipment vibration parameter setting submodule, a pipeline vibration parameter setting submodule, and an adjacent room noise parameter setting submodule. In the equipment vibration parameter setting submodule, preferably, the vibration speed limit is set to be 0.28-0.71 mm/s, the vibration displacement limit is set to be 0.03-0.05 mm, the allowable overrun time is set to be 10-20 min, and the vibration isolation efficiency limit is set to be 85% -95%. In the pipeline vibration parameter setting submodule, the vibration speed limit value is set to be 0.28-1.8 mm/s, the vibration displacement limit value is set to be 0.03-0.10 mm, the allowable overrun time is set to be 15-30 min, and the vibration isolation efficiency limit value is set to be 85% -95%. In the adjacent room noise parameter setting submodule, the noise limit value is set to be 25-50 dB.
As shown in fig. 3, the vibration isolator model selection and effect analysis module includes a vibration isolator model selection analysis submodule and a vibration isolation effect analysis submodule; dynamic load in vibration isolator type selection analysis submodule
Static load
Safety factor
(value is 1.0-1.3) and the number of vibration isolators
Vibration isolator rigidity of preliminary model selection
Frequency of disturbance
All fill in after according to the preliminary lectotype of operating condition, PLC can automatic calculation assay go out the vibration isolation effect to with the vibration isolation efficiency in vibration isolation effect analysis submodule piece
Sound insulation coefficient
The two indexes are subjected to feedback display, and then are compared and analyzed with the limit value preset by the parameter presetting module, so that the evaluation conclusion of the type selection and vibration reduction effect of the vibration isolator can be provided, and the constructor is helped to judge whether the selection of the vibration isolator is proper or not.
When the PLC calculates and analyzes the vibration isolation effect, the load borne by the vibration isolator is
，
；
Vibration isolator natural frequency of
，
；
Then frequency is increasedRatio of
Comprises the following steps:
efficiency of vibration isolation
And sound insulation coefficient
Two indices are calculated according to the following formula:
the invention designs corresponding vibration isolators for power equipment and pipelines respectively, wherein the power equipment adopts a spring magnetofluid composite vibration isolator 14, and the pipelines adopt rubber magnetofluid vibration isolators.
As shown in fig. 4, the spring and magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator 14 comprises a top cover, a sealing ring 3, a spring 4, a magnetic fluid, a coil, compressed nitrogen 5, an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder, a liquid outlet door 6 and a liquid inlet door 7. The top cover is arranged at the top of the inner cylinder and comprises an upper top cover 1 and a lower top cover 2, the upper top cover 1 and the lower top cover 2 are integrally formed through continuous casting, the size of the upper top cover 1 is smaller than that of the lower top cover 2, the thickness of the upper top cover 1 is larger than the maximum compression amount of the spring 4, and a certain allowance is reserved; a through hole is formed between the upper top cover 1 and the lower top cover 2, threads are arranged on the wall of the through hole, a bolt penetrates through the through hole and is locked and fixed through a nut, and one end of a spring 4 is connected and fastened with the lower top cover 2 through a nut at the lower end of the bolt; the other end of the spring 4 is fixed with the cylinder bottom plate through a lower bolt assembly. A sealing ring is arranged between the lower top cover 2 and the inner cylinder, so that the magnetic fluid cannot be leaked from the lower top cover 2 in the up-and-down movement process. The outer cylinder is provided with magnetic fluid and compressed nitrogen 5; the inner cylinder is filled with magnetic fluid, in order to ensure good rigidity of the magnetic fluid, synthetic oil, mineral oil and the like are adopted as base fluid of the magnetic fluid, carbonyl iron powder, pure iron powder and the like are adopted as dispersed particles, oleic acid, oleate and the like are adopted as additives, and a dispersing agent, a high molecular polymer, an organic metal silicon polymer and the like are adopted as an anti-settling agent.
The inner cylinder is provided with a liquid inlet door 7 and a liquid outlet door 6 which are opened in one way, when the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator 14 operates normally, the pressures of the magnetic fluid of the inner cylinder and the magnetic fluid of the outer cylinder are in a balanced state, and the vibration isolation requirement can be met only through the composite action of the spring 4 of the inner cylinder and the magnetic fluid. When the vibration excitation is increased, the compression amount of the spring 4 is increased, the top cover moves downwards, the pressure of the inner cylinder magnetic fluid is increased, when the pressure reaches the rated pressure of the liquid outlet door 6, the liquid outlet door 6 is pushed open, the inner cylinder magnetic fluid flows into the outer cylinder, the liquid level of the outer cylinder magnetic fluid rises, the compressed nitrogen 5 in the outer cylinder is further compressed, the pressure is increased until the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder reach a balanced state again, and the process is that the rigidity of the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator 14 is adjusted in a passive mode to meet the design requirement of vibration isolation. The periphery of the outer cylinder is surrounded by a coil which is used for generating a magnetic field.
As shown in fig. 5, in practical application, the spring-magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator 14 is symmetrically arranged below the power equipment and close to the edge of the power equipment according to the comprehensive gravity center position of the power equipment. The surface of power equipment near each spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator 14 is provided with a vibration speed sensor 8 and a vibration displacement sensor 9, and the vibration speed sensor 8 and the vibration displacement sensor 9 are in data communication with the centralized control platform through LoRa signal transmission modules. The power supply 10 adopts a modular battery pack to respectively supply power to the LoRa signal transmission module and the coil of the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator 14.
As shown in fig. 5, the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator 14 is provided with a power supply loop, the power supply loop is provided with an ammeter 11, a voltmeter 12 and a digital potentiometer 13, and the ammeter 11 and the voltmeter 12 are respectively used for monitoring the current and the voltage of the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator 14; all install control circuit on galvanometer 11, voltmeter 12 and the digital potentiometer 13, control circuit is connected with loRa signal transmission module, and electric current, voltage, 13 resistance information of digital potentiometer all collect loRa signal transmission module through control circuit, transmit to the loRa gateway through loRa signal transmission module, finally show on centralized control platform.
When the vibration cannot be eliminated in a passive mode, the size of the magnetic field can be adjusted by controlling the size of the coil current (namely the current of the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator 14), and then the viscosity of the magnetic fluid is adjusted, so that the rigidity of the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator 14 can be actively adjusted, and the specific adjustment principle is as follows:
the power supply 10 outputs a voltage of
The spring-magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator 14 has the current of
The digital potentiometer 13 has a resistance of
The other part of the resistance in the power supply loop is
By default, to
Keeping the rigidity of the spring and magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator 14 unchanged in the process of adjusting the rigidity, then:
Under the influence of fluid impact force, the comprehensive gravity center of the power equipment deviates to one side, so that the power equipment is inclined, at the moment, the rigidity of the spring and magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator 14 can be improved by adjusting the current of the spring and magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator 14 with larger compression amount, the compression amounts of the four spring and magnetic fluid composite vibration isolators 14 are kept consistent, and the stable operation of the power equipment is ensured.
As shown in fig. 6, the rubber ferrofluid vibration isolator is sleeved on the periphery of the pipeline and used for radial vibration isolation of the pipeline, and comprises a rubber layer 15, a ferrofluid layer 16, a coil layer 17 and a protection layer 18 which are arranged in sequence from inside to outside; in order to facilitate installation, gaps are reserved at two ends of the rubber layer 15, the magnetofluid layer 16 and the protective layer 18, and the coil layer 17 is used for generating a magnetic field and is provided with redundant wires, so that the rubber magnetofluid vibration isolator can be conveniently fastened subsequently. The rubber layer 15 is made of conventional natural rubber materials; the protective layer 18 is made of hard rubber material; the magnetofluid layer 16 is a circular closed cavity, and the inside of the cavity is filled with magnetofluid; the space between the rubber layer 15 and the magnetic fluid layer 16 should not be less than 2cm, so as to avoid the generation of through seams. After the rubber magnetic fluid vibration isolator is installed, fastening is carried out through the hoop, and connection among all layers is guaranteed to be compact.
When the pipeline vibration can not be eliminated to rubber magnetic fluid isolator self structure, can adjust the magnetic field size through the coil current of centralized control platform control coil layer 17 (be rubber magnetic fluid isolator current promptly), and then adjust the magnetofluid viscosity in the magnetofluid layer 16 to the realization is the initiative regulation to rubber magnetic fluid isolator rigidity, and its regulation principle is the same with spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator 14, specifically as follows:
The method for controlling vibration damping by using the distributed variable damping composite vibration damping system based on LoRa communication is shown in FIG. 7, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: on the basis of initial model selection of the vibration source equipment and the vibration isolator, a finite element analysis method is adopted to build a 1:1 simulation model of the vibration source, the vibration isolator and a vibration source foundation, and modal analysis and harmonic response analysis are carried out to obtain modal characteristics and vibration characteristics of the vibration source, the vibration isolator and the vibration source foundation;
on the centralized control platform, developing and designing vibration isolator model selection analysis software by adopting a computer programming language based on a NET framework; relevant parameters are input into the vibration isolator type selection analysis submodule and the parameter presetting module, then the vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolator is analyzed, and the vibration isolation efficiency is analyzed in the vibration isolation effect analysis submodule
Coefficient of sound insulation
The two indexes feed back the vibration isolation effect; then, comparing and analyzing the vibration isolation effect data with a limit value preset by a parameter presetting module to provide a conclusion of the type selection and vibration attenuation effect evaluation of the vibration isolator, and helping constructors to select a proper vibration isolator;
and 2, step: after the model selection of the vibration isolator is determined, devices such as the vibration isolator and monitoring equipment are installed on the site and put into use, and in the process, the monitoring equipment transmits real-time monitoring data to a vibration isolator parameter monitoring and adjusting module and a vibration and noise data display module of the centralized control platform in a LoRa communication mode for display;
and step 3: the centralized control platform timely and accurately acquires and analyzes monitoring data transmitted by monitoring equipment based on a PID feedback regulation mode, and the power equipment and vibration isolators on the pipeline perform active and passive combined vibration damping control;
step 3.1: as shown in fig. 8, when any one of the vibration speed and the vibration displacement in the vibration and noise data display module is greater than a preset parameter limit of the parameter preset module, and the duration exceeds a preset allowable time limit, the centralized control platform automatically calculates the required stiffness according to the disturbance frequency and the vibration isolation efficiency limit, analyzes the required current according to the stiffness-current mathematical relationship model to obtain the required current, and accordingly sends a current regulation instruction to regulate the resistance values of the digital potentiometers 13 on the coil power supply loops of the power equipment and the pipeline, so as to regulate the coil current of the vibration isolator, realize the regulation of the magnetic field and the viscosity of the magnetic fluid, and finally realize the active regulation of the stiffness of the vibration isolator on the power equipment and the pipeline;
step 3.2: as shown in fig. 8, when the monitored noise data is greater than the preset limit value of the parameter preset module and continuously exceeds the preset allowable timeout, the centralized control platform automatically analyzes the vibration characteristic historical data within 10 minutes of each vibration source monitoring point, screens out three vibration sources of which the vibration characteristic data is closest to the set limit value, and preliminarily determines that the vibration characteristic data are weak links of vibration; adjusting the rigidity of the vibration isolators at the three vibration sources according to the rigidity adjusting mode in the step 3.1, and gradually increasing the current adjusting amplitude according to the divided standard modulus in the adjusting process; when the rigidity is increased to the lower limit of the vibration isolation efficiency calculated by the vibration isolator model selection analysis software, if the noise is not reduced to the range of the standard requirement, the influence of the monitored vibration source is eliminated, and the influence is considered as the influence of other sound sources.
The centralized control platform adopts a proportional-integral-derivative regulation mode (namely a PID regulation mode), and effectively improves the timeliness and the accuracy of vibration and noise regulation based on the characteristics of sensitive response and high regulation precision of PID, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 9, the centralized control platform performs deviation analysis with the limit value preset by the parameter presetting module based on the monitored vibration and noise data to obtain deviation
Then, based on PID adjustment, the deviation is respectively subjected to proportion calculation
Integral calculation
Differential calculation
；
Aiming at proportional adjustment, when the deviation is large, the rigidity adjustment amount is in a proportional relation with the deviation, the rigidity adjustment amount is relatively large, the rigidity quick adjustment is realized by adjusting the current, and then the proportional adjustment has steady-state errors along with the reduction of the deviation;
for integral adjustment, the input quantity is increased by performing time integration on the error, so that the rigidity is further adjusted, and the steady-state error is eliminated;
for differential regulation, when vibration and noise approach set limits, deviation is rapidly reduced, the derivative of the deviation is negative, and the regulation process is a negative effect, and the current regulation rate is reduced through differential regulation, so that the situation that rigidity exceeds an ideal value in the regulation process can be avoided.
The examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any obvious modifications, substitutions or variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A distributed variable damping composite vibration attenuation system based on LoRa communication is characterized by comprising monitoring equipment, a LoRa signal transmission module, a LoRa gateway, a centralized control platform, a cloud server and a vibration isolation unit; the monitoring equipment is in signal connection with the LoRa gateway through the LoRa signal transmission module and transmits vibration speed, vibration displacement, noise and frequency data of the frequency converter monitored by each monitoring point; the LoRa gateway is in data communication with the centralized control platform through a LoRa signal transmission module, the LoRa gateway is also in data communication with the cloud server through a 5G or WIFI mode, and a user accesses the cloud server through a mobile phone APP or a PC (personal computer) end to acquire real-time data and historical data of vibration and noise; the vibration isolation unit and the centralized control platform are in data communication through a LoRa signal transmission module, transmit current and voltage data, receive a control instruction of the centralized control platform and adjust the rigidity of the vibration isolator;
the vibration isolation unit comprises a spring magnetofluid composite vibration isolator (14) for vibration isolation of power equipment and a rubber magnetofluid vibration isolator for vibration isolation of pipelines; the monitoring equipment comprises a vibration speed sensor (8), a vibration displacement sensor (9), a wireless noise monitor, an ammeter (11) and a voltmeter (12);
the centralized control platform comprises a vibration and noise data display module, a vibration isolator parameter monitoring and adjusting module and a parameter presetting module; the vibration and noise data display module is used for displaying the vibration speed, vibration displacement and noise data of each monitoring point; the vibration isolator parameter monitoring and adjusting module is used for displaying current, voltage and rigidity information of the vibration isolators at each monitoring point, and is also used for selecting an adjusting mode, wherein the adjusting mode comprises manual adjustment and automatic adjustment; the parameter presetting module comprises an equipment vibration parameter setting submodule, a pipeline vibration parameter setting submodule and an adjacent room noise parameter setting submodule;
the centralized control platform comprises a parameter presetting module and a vibration isolator model selection and effect analysis module, and the vibration isolator model selection and effect analysis module comprises a vibration isolator model selection analysis submodule and a vibration isolation effect analysis submodule;
the dynamic load, the static load, the safety coefficient, the quantity of the vibration isolators, the rigidity of the vibration isolators and the disturbance frequency in the vibration isolator model selection analysis submodule are all filled after preliminary model selection according to actual working conditions; the centralized control platform analyzes the vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolator based on vibration isolator model selection analysis software, feeds back the two indexes of the vibration isolation efficiency and the sound insulation coefficient to the vibration isolation effect analysis submodule, and then performs comparative analysis on the two indexes and the limit value preset by the parameter presetting module to provide a conclusion of vibration isolation model selection and vibration attenuation effect evaluation of the vibration isolator;
the two indexes of the vibration isolation efficiency and the sound insulation coefficient are calculated as follows:
the load borne by the vibration isolator is G,
natural frequency f of the vibration isolator 0 ，
The frequency ratio γ is:
the vibration isolation efficiency and the sound insulation coefficient are calculated according to the following formula:
wherein, G d Representing dynamic load, G j The static load is represented, n represents the number of the vibration isolators, k represents a safety coefficient, D represents the rigidity of the primarily selected vibration isolator, f represents disturbance frequency, delta represents vibration isolation efficiency, and M represents a sound insulation coefficient.
2. The distributed variable damping composite vibration attenuation system based on LoRa communication is characterized in that the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator (14) comprises a bolt, a spring (4), a top cover and an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder which share the same cylinder bottom plate, wherein the top cover is arranged at the top of the inner cylinder and comprises an upper top cover (1) and a lower top cover (2) which are integrally formed and provided with through holes; the thickness of the upper top cover (1) is larger than the maximum compression amount of the spring (4), the bolt penetrates through the through hole and is locked and fixed through the nut, one end of the spring (4) is connected and fastened with the lower top cover (2) through the nut at the lower end of the bolt, and the other end of the spring (4) is fixed with the cylinder bottom plate through the lower bolt assembly; a sealing ring is arranged between the lower top cover (2) and the side wall of the inner cylinder, the inner cylinder is filled with magnetic fluid, and the side edge of the inner cylinder is provided with a liquid inlet door (7) and a liquid outlet door (6) which are opened in a single direction; the magnetic fluid and the compressed nitrogen (5) are arranged in the outer cylinder, and a coil for generating a magnetic field is surrounded on the periphery of the outer cylinder.
3. The distributed variable damping composite vibration damping system based on LoRa communication according to claim 2, characterized in that the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator (14) is symmetrically arranged below the power equipment and close to the edge of the power equipment, a vibration speed sensor (8) and a vibration displacement sensor (9) are mounted on the surface of the power equipment, the vibration speed sensor (8) and the vibration displacement sensor (9) are in data communication with the centralized control platform through a LoRa signal transmission module, and the power supply (10) adopts a modular battery pack to respectively supply power to the LoRa signal transmission module and the coil of the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator (14);
the spring and magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator (14) is provided with a power supply loop, an ammeter (11), a voltmeter (12) and a digital potentiometer (13) are installed on the power supply loop, a control circuit is installed on the ammeter (11), the voltmeter (12) and the digital potentiometer (13), the control circuit is connected with the LoRa signal transmission module, the current of the spring and magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator (14), the voltage of the spring and magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator (14) and the resistance information of the digital potentiometer (13) are collected to the LoRa signal transmission module through the control circuit, are transmitted to the LoRa gateway through the LoRa signal transmission module and are finally displayed on the centralized control platform;
the centralized control platform receives vibration and noise data transmitted by the monitoring equipment, compares the vibration and noise data with preset parameter values, issues an adjusting instruction, and adjusts the coil current of the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator (14) by adjusting the resistance value of the digital potentiometer (13), so that the magnetic field and the viscosity of the magnetic fluid are adjusted, and the rigidity of the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator (14) is actively adjusted.
4. The distributed variable damping composite vibration damping system based on LoRa communication of claim 3, characterized in that the principle that the centralized control platform actively adjusts the stiffness of the spring-magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator (14) is as follows:
the output voltage of the power supply (10) is U, the current of the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator (14) is I, and the resistance of the digital potentiometer (13) is R x The other part of the resistance in the power supply loop is R f ，R f Keeping the rigidity of the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator (14) unchanged in the process of adjusting the rigidity, then:
U＝I·(R x +R f )
a mathematical relation model between the rigidity and the current of the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator (14) is established through actual tests, the required rigidity is calculated and obtained on the basis of disturbance frequency and the vibration isolation efficiency set by a parameter presetting module of a centralized control platform, and then according to the mathematical relation model between the rigidity and the current,determining the value of the current I corresponding to the rigidity, thereby obtaining the resistance R of the required digital potentiometer (13) through calculation x (ii) a And then the centralized control platform sends out an adjusting instruction to adjust the resistance of the digital potentiometer (13) to a specified value, so that the value of the current I is adjusted to meet the requirement.
5. The distributed variable damping composite vibration attenuation system based on LoRa communication is characterized in that when vibration excitation of power equipment is increased, the spring magnetic fluid composite vibration isolator (14) firstly carries out rigidity passive adjustment, and when the passive adjustment cannot meet vibration attenuation requirements, the active adjustment is carried out; the passive regulation principle is as follows: when the vibration excitation of the power equipment is increased, the compression amount of the spring (4) is increased, the upper top cover (1) and the lower top cover (2) both move downwards, the pressure of the magnetic fluid of the inner cylinder is increased, when the pressure reaches the rated pressure of the liquid outlet door (6), the liquid outlet door (6) is pushed open, the magnetic fluid of the inner cylinder flows into the outer cylinder, the liquid level of the magnetic fluid of the outer cylinder rises, the compressed nitrogen (5) in the outer cylinder is further compressed, the pressure is increased until the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder reach a balanced state again, and the passive regulation is completed.
6. The LoRa communication-based distributed variable damping composite vibration damping system according to claim 4, wherein the rubber magnetofluid vibration isolator is sleeved on the periphery of the pipeline and used for radial vibration isolation of the pipeline, and comprises a rubber layer (15), a magnetofluid layer (16), a coil layer (17) and a protective layer (18) which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; when the structure of the rubber magnetofluid vibration isolator cannot eliminate pipeline vibration, the centralized control platform controls the current of the rubber magnetofluid vibration isolator to adjust the magnetic field, so that the viscosity of magnetofluid in the magnetofluid layer (16) is adjusted, the rigidity of the rubber magnetofluid vibration isolator is actively adjusted, and the adjusting principle is the same as that of the spring magnetofluid composite vibration isolator (14).
7. A vibration damping method using the LoRa communication based distributed variable damping composite vibration damping system according to claim 4, comprising the steps of:
step 1: on the basis of initial model selection of the vibration source equipment and the vibration isolator, a finite element analysis method is adopted to build a 1:1 simulation model of the vibration source, the vibration isolator and a vibration source foundation, and modal analysis and harmonic response analysis are carried out to obtain modal characteristics and vibration characteristics of the vibration source, the vibration isolator and the vibration source foundation;
on the centralized control platform, developing and designing vibration isolator model selection analysis software by adopting a computer programming language based on a NET framework; parameters are input into a vibration isolator type selection analysis submodule and a parameter presetting module of the centralized control platform, the vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolator is analyzed, and the vibration isolation effect is fed back by two indexes, namely vibration isolation efficiency and a sound isolation coefficient, in the vibration isolation effect analysis submodule of the centralized control platform; comparing and analyzing the vibration isolation effect data with a limit value preset by a parameter presetting module to provide a vibration isolation model selection and vibration attenuation effect evaluation conclusion, and assisting constructors in model selection of the vibration isolation;
step 2: installing a vibration isolator and monitoring equipment on site, and transmitting real-time monitoring data to a vibration isolator parameter monitoring and adjusting module and a vibration and noise data display module of the centralized control platform by the monitoring equipment in a LoRa communication mode for displaying;
and 3, step 3: the centralized control platform acquires and analyzes monitoring data transmitted by monitoring equipment based on a PID feedback regulation mode, and performs active and passive combined vibration reduction control on the power equipment and vibration isolators on the pipeline;
step 3.1: when any one parameter of the vibration speed and the vibration displacement in the vibration and noise data display module is larger than a preset limit value of a parameter preset module, and the duration exceeds a preset allowable time limit, the centralized control platform automatically calculates the required rigidity according to the disturbance frequency and the vibration isolation efficiency limit value, obtains the required current value according to the analysis of a mathematical relation model between the rigidity and the current, sends a current regulation instruction according to the current regulation instruction, regulates the resistance values of a digital potentiometer (13) on a power device and a coil power supply loop of a pipeline, regulates the coil current of the vibration isolator, realizes the regulation of the magnetic field and the viscosity of the magnetic fluid, and finally realizes the active regulation of the rigidity of the vibration isolator;
step 3.2: when the monitored noise data is larger than the preset limit value of the parameter preset module and the preset allowable time-out duration is continuously exceeded, the centralized control platform automatically analyzes the vibration characteristic historical data of each vibration source monitoring point within 10 minutes, screens out three vibration sources of which the vibration characteristic data are closest to the set limit value, and preliminarily determines that the vibration characteristic data are weak links of vibration; and (4) adjusting the rigidity of the vibration isolators at the three vibration sources according to the rigidity adjusting mode in the step 3.1.
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| WO2023241736A1 (en) | 2023-12-21 |
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