CN114837364A - Double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fireproof line based on thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects - Google Patents
Double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fireproof line based on thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects Download PDFInfo
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- CN114837364A CN114837364A CN202210498197.0A CN202210498197A CN114837364A CN 114837364 A CN114837364 A CN 114837364A CN 202210498197 A CN202210498197 A CN 202210498197A CN 114837364 A CN114837364 A CN 114837364A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/002—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings made of webs, e.g. of fabrics, or wallpaper, used as coverings or linings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B17/00—Protective clothing affording protection against heat or harmful chemical agents or for use at high altitudes
- A62B17/003—Fire-resistant or fire-fighters' clothes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/18—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/06—Electric actuation of the alarm, e.g. using a thermally-operated switch
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2290/00—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
- E04F2290/04—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire
- E04F2290/045—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire against fire
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fireproof wire based on thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects, and relates to the technical field of flexible electronics; the fire-proof line comprises a flexible central conductive core, a double-helix middle functional layer and an external flame-retardant layer. Furthermore, the outer flame-retardant layer is a heat-shrinkable fabric sleeve flame-retardant layer with a flame retardant, and the double-spiral middle functional layer is a tubular flame-retardant glass fiber fabric with a heat-sensitive conductive material. The invention provides respective preparation processes for a fireproof wire which comprises a flexible central conductive core, a double-spiral middle functional layer and an external flame-retardant layer. The invention can be widely applied, and especially, the intelligent decorative material woven by the intelligent fireproof wire can be used in intelligent fire engineering in high-rise buildings, can be used as decorative material in high-rise buildings, and the woven intelligent fireproof clothing can be used for monitoring action recognition of fire rescue workers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flexible electronics, in particular to a double-spiral flexible fabric-based intelligent fireproof wire based on thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects.
Background
With the rapid development of the fire engineering technology, most of the decorative materials in high-rise buildings are flame-retardant materials, and great progress is made in reducing the fire risk and increasing the rescue time. However, due to the increase of the time of fire, the life and property safety of people is still seriously threatened. Considering the coming of the intelligent fire-fighting era, the flame-retardant decorative material is required to have the flame-retardant characteristic and also have the fire sensing characteristic to early warn the occurrence of fire, so that the flexible electronic technology has breakthrough innovation in the aspect of flame-retardant performance. Therefore, the development of the high-rise building site decorative material with fire sensing and early warning and flame retardant characteristics has important scientific significance and application value for reducing the harm caused by fire accidents.
The fabric is widely applied to decorative materials in high-rise buildings due to the flexibility, comfort and degradability of the fabric. Combining fabric with modern electronics technology to form fabric-based flexible electronics has become a new challenge in the field of research for flexible wearable electronics. In order to improve the fire safety, a plurality of flame retardants containing halogen, phosphorus, nitrogen or silicon elements are developed and used for spraying or dip-coating on the surface of cotton fabrics, but the performance of electronic sensing devices of flexible functional materials is influenced. In addition, the functional medium of the cotton fabric-based flexible electronic device is easy to fall off in the repeated test process, and the flexible polymer (such as silica gel, polydimethylsiloxane, polyurethane and the like) is required to be used for external packaging, but the liquid polymer can influence the performance of the electronic sensing device in the curing molecule crosslinking process. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a flexible cloth-based intelligent fire-proof line with fire sensing and early warning and flame-retardant properties, which can be used as an intelligent decorative material for intelligent fire-fighting engineering in high-rise buildings and can also be used as an intelligent fire-proof garment for monitoring action recognition of fire-fighting rescue workers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a double-spiral flexible fabric-based intelligent fireproof wire based on thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the problem that flexible piezoresistive electronic devices in the prior art are lack of flame retardant and fire sensing characteristics.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a double-spiral flexible fabric-based intelligent fire-proof line based on thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects comprises a flexible central conductive core, a double-spiral middle functional layer and an external flame-retardant layer.
Preferably, the outer flame-retardant layer is a heat-shrinkable fabric sleeve flame-retardant layer with a flame retardant, and the double-spiral middle functional layer is a tubular flame-retardant glass fiber fabric with a heat-sensitive conductive material. The thermal contraction fabric sleeve fire-proof layer has the contraction effect after the thermal treatment, so that the thermal contraction fabric sleeve fire-proof layer can tightly coat the whole device, the defect that a functional medium is easy to fall off in the repeated testing process is effectively avoided, and the stability and the reliability of the intelligent fire-proof line are improved. The current carrier in the heat sensitive conductive material of functional layer in the middle of the double helix can form a potential difference along the direction of the temperature difference, along with the rising of temperature, the output voltage can increase, namely, there is a positive function relation between temperature gradient and the output voltage, and when the perception temperature exceeds the fire occurrence temperature, the fire occurrence is alarmed by setting the fire trigger voltage. Furthermore, the double-spiral middle functional layer has pressure-resistance coupling performance, can respond to common actions such as tapping, trampling and joint bending under different frequencies, and can be integrated into electronic skins of fire-fighting clothes or fire-fighting robots to monitor multi-posture actions of human bodies and operation conditions of fire-fighting equipment.
The preparation method of the double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fireproof wire based on the thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a flexible central conductive core:
A. the matrix material comprises solid silica gel and a platinum vulcanizing agent in a mass ratio of 100: 1-3, and is placed into an open mixing roll to be stirred for 30-50 min;
B. putting metal powder with volume fraction of 60-90% into a base material, and stirring for 2-3h by using an open mixing roll;
C. putting the core into an extruder, and curing and molding the core at the temperature of 110-150 ℃ to prepare a flexible central conductive core with the diameter of 0.2-1 mm;
(2) preparing a double-helix intermediate functional layer:
A. magnetically controlling and stirring a thermal sensitive conductive material and deionized water according to the mass fraction of 2-10% for 12-24 h, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30-60 min to form a uniformly mixed thermal sensitive conductive material aqueous dispersion;
B. respectively inserting two flexible central conductive cores into two tubular flame-retardant glass fiber fabrics with the same inner diameter, and immersing the two flexible central conductive cores serving as a substrate material into the heat-sensitive material aqueous dispersion for 5-8 times, wherein the immersion time is 5-10 min each time;
C. performing double-helix twisting on two tubular flame-retardant glass fiber fabrics with central conductive cores, fixing the double-helix structure by using a clamp, and placing the double-helix structure on a heating table to dry for 1-3h at the temperature of 80-110 ℃;
(3) preparation of the outer flame-retardant layer:
A. putting the heat shrinkable fabric sleeve with the diameter of 0.5-5 mm into a liquid flame retardant, soaking for 30-50min, and then placing on a heating table to dry for 1-2 h at 70-110 ℃ to form a flame-retardant heat shrinkable fabric sleeve;
B. and putting the double-spiral twisted intermediate functional layer with the central conductive core into the flame-retardant heat-shrinkable fabric sleeve, and heating for 1min at 120-170 ℃ by using a hot air gun to enable the flame-retardant heat-shrinkable fabric sleeve to tightly coat the double-spiral intermediate functional layer.
Preferably, the metal powder is silver powder, silver copper powder, silver aluminum powder or silver-plated glass powder.
Preferably, the heat-sensitive conductive material is graphene, carbon nanotubes or MXene and the like.
Preferably, the heat-shrinkable braided sleeve is braided by polyester fibers and polyolefin monofilaments.
Preferably, the liquid flame retardant is a flame retardant containing halogen, phosphorus, nitrogen or silicon elements.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fireproof wire based on thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects and the preparation method thereof can be manufactured into intelligent decorative materials for intelligent fire engineering in high-rise buildings and can also be manufactured into intelligent fireproof clothes for monitoring action recognition of fire rescue workers. The current carriers in the heat sensitive conductive material of the double-spiral middle functional layer move along the direction of temperature difference to form potential difference, and the output voltage increases along with the rise of temperature, namely, a positive function relation exists between the temperature gradient and the output voltage; when the sensed temperature exceeds the fire occurrence temperature, the fire occurrence is alarmed by setting the fire trigger voltage. The double-helix middle functional layer has pressure-resistance coupling performance, can respond to common actions such as tapping, trampling and joint bending under different frequencies, and can be integrated into electronic skin of fire-fighting clothing or fire-fighting robots for monitoring human multi-posture actions and fire-fighting equipment operation conditions. When being used as a decorative material for high-rise building places, the invention has high flame retardance, plays an important role in defending fire and can be widely used.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fireproof wire based on thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects and a structural section at a circle mark.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a manufacturing process of a double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fireproof wire based on thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fire-proof line based on thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects, wherein (1) is a schematic sectional view, and (2) is a sectional view of a scanning electron microscope.
FIG. 4 is a device in which (1) the base material of the intermediate functional layer is replaced with a tubular flame-retardant glass fiber fabric into a tubular cotton fabric while the heat-shrinkable braided sleeve is not subjected to flame-retardant treatment; (2) the base material of the middle functional layer is tubular flame-retardant glass fiber fabric replaced by tubular cotton fabric; (3) the thermal shrinkage braided sleeve is not subjected to a flame-retardant treatment device; (4) the double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fireproof wire based on thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects is used for testing the piezoresistive performance of a device under the pressure load of 100N and the combustion period of every 30 s.
Fig. 5 is a graph of the temperature-voltage fit function for MXene as a thermally sensitive conductive material.
FIG. 6 is a piezoresistive performance test chart of the intelligent fireproof line applied to different positions of a human body, which is shown in the specification: (1) different bending angles of the arm joints; (2) different bending frequencies of the arm joints; (3) the pedaling activity of the sole; (4) the walking behavior of the knee joint.
The figures are labeled as follows: 1-metal powder, 2-base material of solid silica gel and platinum vulcanizing agent, 3-mixture of 1 and 2, 4-flexible central conductive core, 5-tubular flame-retardant glass fiber fabric, 6-heat sensitive material water dispersion, 7-double spiral intermediate functional layer and 8-heat shrinkable fabric sleeve fireproof layer.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the specific embodiments.
A double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fire-proof wire based on thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects comprises a flexible central conductive core, a double-helix middle functional layer and an outer flame-retardant layer as shown in figure 1. In the embodiment, a preferable scheme is adopted, the outer flame-retardant layer is a heat-shrinkable fabric sleeve flame-retardant layer with a flame retardant, and the double-spiral middle functional layer is a tubular flame-retardant glass fiber fabric with a heat-sensitive conductive material.
The preparation method of the double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fireproof wire based on the thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects, as shown in fig. 2, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a flexible central conductive core:
A. the matrix material comprises solid silica gel and a platinum vulcanizing agent in a mass ratio of 100:2, and is placed into an open mixing roll to be stirred for 30 min;
B. putting metal powder with the volume fraction of 80% into a base material, and stirring for 2 hours by using an open mixing roll;
C. putting the prepared mixture into an extruder, and curing and molding at the temperature of 120 ℃ to prepare a flexible central conductive core with the diameter of 0.5 mm;
(2) preparing a double-helix intermediate functional layer:
A. magnetically controlling and stirring the thermal sensitive conductive material and deionized water according to the mass fraction ratio of 5% for 15h, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 40min to form uniformly mixed thermal sensitive conductive material aqueous dispersion;
B. respectively inserting two flexible central conductive cores into two tubular flame-retardant glass fiber fabrics with the same inner diameter, and immersing the two flexible central conductive cores serving as a substrate material into the heat-sensitive material aqueous dispersion for 6 times, wherein the immersion time is 8min each time;
C. the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out double-helix twisting on two tubular flame-retardant glass fiber fabrics with central conductive cores, fixing a double-helix structure by utilizing a clamp, and placing the double-helix structure on a heating table to be dried for 2 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃;
(3) preparation of the outer flame-retardant layer:
A. putting the heat shrinkable fabric sleeve with the diameter of 2mm into a liquid flame retardant for soaking for 40min, and then putting the heat shrinkable fabric sleeve on a heating table and drying the heat shrinkable fabric sleeve for 1.5h at the temperature of 100 ℃ to form a flame-retardant heat shrinkable fabric sleeve;
B. and putting the double-spiral twisted middle functional layer with the central conductive core into the flame-retardant heat-shrinkable fabric sleeve, and heating the flame-retardant heat-shrinkable fabric sleeve for 1min at 150 ℃ by using a hot air gun to enable the flame-retardant heat-shrinkable fabric sleeve to tightly coat the double-spiral middle functional layer. Namely, the double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fireproof wire based on thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects is manufactured.
A section schematic diagram of a double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fire-proof line based on thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects and a structural schematic diagram of a section schematic diagram of a scanning electron microscope are shown in figure 3, a polymer crosslinking reaction and a radiation processing technology are utilized, a heat-shrinkable fabric sleeve has a shrinkage effect after being subjected to heat treatment under a heat gun, so that the heat-shrinkable fabric sleeve can tightly coat an integral device, the defect that a functional medium is easy to fall off in the repeated testing process is effectively avoided, and the stability and the reliability of the intelligent fire-proof line are improved.
FIG. 4 is a device in which (1) the base material of the intermediate functional layer is replaced by tubular flame-retardant glass fiber fabric into tubular cotton fabric, and the heat-shrinkable braided sleeve is not subjected to flame-retardant treatment; (2) the thermal shrinkage braided sleeve is not subjected to a flame-retardant treatment device; (3) the base material of the middle functional layer is tubular flame-retardant glass fiber fabric replaced by tubular cotton fabric; (4) according to the double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fireproof wire based on the thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects, the piezoresistive performance of the device is tested under the pressure load of 100N at the combustion period of every 30 s. From the comparison result, the double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fireproof wire provided by the invention has double fireproof layers, so that the double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fireproof wire can still maintain good piezoresistive performance under the condition of long-time combustion.
Fig. 5 is a temperature-voltage fitting function diagram of MXene as a thermally sensitive conductive material, and it can be seen that as the heating temperature increases, the output voltage of the device also increases approximately linearly, and the temperature-voltage fitting formula of MXene is obtained as U = 0.00893T-0.195. Therefore, the change of the sensing temperature can be accurately judged according to the output voltage value of the fireproof line, and when the sensing temperature exceeds the fire occurrence temperature, the fire occurrence is alarmed by setting the fire trigger voltage.
FIG. 6 is a piezoresistive performance test chart of the intelligent fireproof line applied to different positions of a human body. (1) Different bending angles of the arm joints; (2) different bending frequencies of the arm joints; (3) the pedaling action of the sole; (4) the walking behavior of the knee joint. The intelligent fireproof wire can respond to behavior actions of different parts of a human body, and can be integrated into electronic skins of fire-fighting clothes or fire-fighting robots to be used for monitoring multi-posture actions of the human body and operation conditions of fire-fighting equipment.
The scope of the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art, and any modifications, improvements and equivalents within the spirit and principle of the invention should be included in the scope of the invention; this summary should not be construed to limit the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fire-proof line based on thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects is characterized in that: comprises a flexible central conductive core, a double-helix middle functional layer and an external flame-retardant layer.
2. The double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fire protection wire based on thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the outer flame-retardant layer is a heat-shrinkable fabric sleeve flame-retardant layer with a flame retardant, and the double-spiral middle functional layer is a tubular flame-retardant glass fiber fabric with a heat-sensitive conductive material.
3. The method for preparing the double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fireproof wire based on the thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a flexible central conductive core:
A. the matrix material comprises solid silica gel and a platinum vulcanizing agent in a mass ratio of 100: 1-3, and is placed into an open mixing roll to be stirred for 30-50 min;
B. putting metal powder with volume fraction of 60-90% into a base material, and stirring for 2-3h by using an open mixing roll;
C. putting the core into an extruder, and curing and molding the core at the temperature of 110-150 ℃ to prepare a flexible central conductive core with the diameter of 0.2-1 mm;
(2) preparing a double-helix intermediate functional layer:
A. magnetically controlling and stirring a heat-sensitive conductive material and deionized water according to the mass fraction ratio of 2% -10% for 12-24 h, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30-60 min to form a uniformly mixed heat-sensitive conductive material aqueous dispersion;
B. respectively inserting two flexible central conductive cores into two tubular flame-retardant glass fiber fabrics with the same inner diameter, and immersing the two flexible central conductive cores serving as a substrate material into the heat-sensitive material aqueous dispersion for 5-8 times, wherein the immersion time is 5-10 min each time;
C. the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out double-helix twisting on two tubular flame-retardant glass fiber fabrics with central conductive cores, fixing a double-helix structure by utilizing a clamp, and placing the double-helix structure on a heating table to be dried for 1-3h at the temperature of 80-110 ℃;
(3) preparation of the outer flame-retardant layer:
A. putting the heat shrinkable fabric sleeve with the diameter of 0.5-5 mm into a liquid flame retardant, soaking for 30-50min, and then placing on a heating table to dry for 1-2 h at 70-110 ℃ to form a flame-retardant heat shrinkable fabric sleeve;
B. and putting the double-spiral twisted intermediate functional layer with the central conductive core into the flame-retardant heat-shrinkable fabric sleeve, and heating for 1min at 120-170 ℃ by using a hot air gun to enable the flame-retardant heat-shrinkable fabric sleeve to tightly coat the double-spiral intermediate functional layer.
4. The method for preparing the double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fire-proof line based on the thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the metal powder is silver powder, silver copper powder, silver aluminum powder or silver-plated glass powder.
5. The method for preparing the double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fire protection wire based on the thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the heat-sensitive conductive material is graphene, carbon nano tube or MXene.
6. The method for preparing the double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fire-proof line based on the thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the heat-shrinkable braided sleeve is formed by braiding polyester fibers and polyolefin monofilaments.
7. The method for preparing the double-helix flexible fabric-based intelligent fire-proof line based on the thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the liquid flame retardant is a flame retardant containing halogen, phosphorus, nitrogen or silicon elements.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103540138A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-01-29 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十三研究所 | Moisture-proof and salt-mist corrosion-resistant conductive rubber and preparation method thereof |
| CN209000590U (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-06-18 | 东莞市航晨纳米材料有限公司 | A kind of conductive fabric of flexible electronics production |
| CN211788389U (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-10-27 | 无等高新电子(无锡)有限公司 | PVC heat-shrinkable sleeve with flame retardance |
| CN112941896A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-11 | 华南理工大学 | Multifunctional flame-retardant cotton fabric and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN215209816U (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-12-17 | 苍南县轩歌纺织品有限公司 | Fire-retardant cotton rope |
| CN216252145U (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-04-08 | 中铁建设集团西安工程有限公司 | Telescopic lifting sleeve |
-
2022
- 2022-05-09 CN CN202210498197.0A patent/CN114837364A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103540138A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-01-29 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十三研究所 | Moisture-proof and salt-mist corrosion-resistant conductive rubber and preparation method thereof |
| CN209000590U (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-06-18 | 东莞市航晨纳米材料有限公司 | A kind of conductive fabric of flexible electronics production |
| CN211788389U (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-10-27 | 无等高新电子(无锡)有限公司 | PVC heat-shrinkable sleeve with flame retardance |
| CN215209816U (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-12-17 | 苍南县轩歌纺织品有限公司 | Fire-retardant cotton rope |
| CN112941896A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-11 | 华南理工大学 | Multifunctional flame-retardant cotton fabric and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN216252145U (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-04-08 | 中铁建设集团西安工程有限公司 | Telescopic lifting sleeve |
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