CN114836669A - Co-Fe-Ni-V-Zr eutectic high-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Co-Fe-Ni-V-Zr eutectic high-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a Co-Fe-Ni-V-Zr eutectic high-entropy alloy and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of alloy materials. The invention provides a Co-Fe-Ni-V-Zr eutectic high-entropy alloy with a chemical formula of CoFeNi 1.5 VZr x And the value range of x is 0.3-0.6. The Zr element is added into the Co-Fe-Ni-V-Zr eutectic high-entropy alloy provided by the invention and is matched with other elements for use, so that the strength and the corrosion resistance of the high-entropy alloy are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alloy materials, in particular to a Co-Fe-Ni-V-Zr eutectic high-entropy alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The high-entropy alloy is a novel alloy material, and is different from a design idea that a common alloy takes one element as a main element, and the high-entropy alloy consists of multiple elements, so that the high-entropy alloy has a plurality of good performances, such as wear resistance, oxidation resistance and good mechanical properties. However, the high-entropy alloy is composed of solid solution, has poor fluidity during smelting, is easy to generate casting defects such as shrinkage cavity and insufficient casting, and seriously hinders the application of the high-entropy alloy. In order to improve the fluidity of the eutectic high-entropy alloy, the concept of the eutectic high-entropy alloy is provided, and the eutectic high-entropy alloy combines the good fluidity of the eutectic alloy and the excellent performance of the high-entropy alloy.
Currently, the components of eutectic high-entropy alloys can be generally divided into two groups, one is a high-entropy matrix element, such as Co, Cr, Fe and Ni, which has nearly zero enthalpy of mixing and a small difference in atomic radius, and in the high-entropy alloys these elements tend to form a disordered solid solution matrix; the other is eutectic forming elements, including Hf, Ta, Nb, Al and other elements, which have great mixed enthalpy value with high-entropy matrix elements and tend to form intermetallic compound phase with the matrix elements.
Although eutectic high-entropy alloy has many excellent properties, the strength is generally not high, and the corrosion resistance is also poor. Therefore, a new eutectic high-entropy alloy composition needs to be developed to obtain a high-entropy alloy with high strength and corrosion resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a Co-Fe-Ni-V-Zr eutectic high-entropy alloy and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a Co-Fe-Ni-V-Zr eutectic high-entropy alloy with a chemical formula of CoFeNi 1.5 VZr x And the value range of x is 0.3-0.6.
Preferably, the phase composition of the Co-Fe-Ni-V-Zr eutectic high-entropy alloy comprises a body-centered cubic phase and a Laves phase; the Laves phase is formed from nickel and zirconium.
Preferably, the volume content of the Laves phase is 30-70%.
The invention provides a preparation method of a Co-Fe-Ni-V-Zr eutectic high-entropy alloy, which comprises the following steps:
smelting and cooling the high-entropy alloy raw material to obtain a cobalt-iron-nickel-vanadium-zirconium series eutectic high-entropy alloy; the proportion of the high-entropy alloy raw material is as same as that of the CoFeNi in the technical scheme 1.5 VZr x The components are consistent.
Preferably, the smelting is carried out in a protective atmosphere.
Preferably, the method of providing said protective atmosphere comprises: the furnace body is firstly vacuumized, and then protective gas is introduced.
Preferably, the temperature of the smelting is 1500-1950 ℃.
Preferably, the smelting and cooling comprises: carrying out first smelting on the high-entropy alloy raw material, and carrying out first cooling to obtain an alloy ingot; and turning over the alloy ingot, then carrying out next smelting and next cooling, and repeating the smelting and cooling steps for multiple times.
Preferably, the impurity content of the high entropy alloy feedstock is less than 0.1 wt%.
Preferably, the high-entropy alloy raw material further comprises pretreatment before smelting; the pretreatment comprises scale removal and ultrasonic cleaning.
The invention provides a Co-Fe-Ni-V-Zr eutectic high-entropy alloy with a chemical formula of CoFeNi 1.5 VZr x And the value range of x is 0.3-0.6. In the present invention, elements of Co, Fe, Ni and V have similar atomic radii and the enthalpy of mixing between the elements tends to be zero, and a single-phase solid solution tends to be formed upon melting. Zr has high specific strength, and the surface of the Zr is easy to form an oxide film, so that the Zr has good high-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. The Zr element is added into the Co-Fe-Ni-V-Zr eutectic high-entropy alloy provided by the invention and is matched with other elements for use, so that the strength and the corrosion resistance of the high-entropy alloy are improved.
The eutectic high-entropy alloy provided by the invention improves the fluidity of the alloy, so that the alloy is easier to cast, simplifies the casting operation, consumes less energy and is easy for industrial production. The eutectic high-entropy alloy provided by the invention has a layered structure and can become an excellent autogenous composite material, and a body-centered cubic phase and a Laves phase of the eutectic high-entropy alloy are automatically precipitated in a phase change process, so that the problems of pollution, chemical reaction and the like in the preparation of artificial composite materials are avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows CoFeNi prepared in example 1 1.5 VZr 0.3 XRD spectrogram of the high-entropy alloy;
FIG. 2 shows CoFeNi prepared in example 2 1.5 VZr 0.4 XRD spectrogram of the high-entropy alloy;
FIG. 3 is CoFeNi prepared in example 3 1.5 VZr 0.5 XRD spectrogram of the high-entropy alloy;
FIG. 4 shows CoFeNi prepared in example 4 1.5 VZr 0.6 XRD spectrogram of the high-entropy alloy;
FIG. 5 shows CoFeNi prepared in example 1 1.5 VZr 0.3 SEM images of high entropy alloys;
FIG. 6 is CoFeNi prepared in example 2 1.5 VZr 0.4 SEM images of high entropy alloys;
FIG. 7 shows CoFeNi prepared in example 3 1.5 VZr 0.5 SEM images of high entropy alloys;
FIG. 8 shows CoFeNi prepared in example 4 1.5 VZr 0.6 SEM images of high entropy alloys;
FIG. 9 shows CoFeNi prepared in example 1 1.5 VZr 0.3 The compressive stress-strain curve of the high entropy alloy;
FIG. 10 shows CoFeNi prepared in example 2 1.5 VZr 0.4 The compressive stress-strain curve of the high entropy alloy;
FIG. 11 is CoFeNi prepared in example 3 1.5 VZr 0.5 The compressive stress-strain curve of the high entropy alloy;
FIG. 12 is CoFeNi prepared in example 4 1.5 VZr 0.6 The compressive stress-strain curve of the high entropy alloy;
FIG. 13 shows CoFeNi prepared in example 1 1.5 VZr 0.3 Polarization curve of high entropy alloy in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution;
FIG. 14 shows CoFeNi prepared in example 2 1.5 VZr 0.4 Polarization curve of high-entropy alloy in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solutionA wire;
FIG. 15 shows CoFeNi prepared in example 3 1.5 VZr 0.5 Polarization curve of high entropy alloy in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution;
FIG. 16 shows CoFeNi prepared in example 4 1.5 VZr 0.6 Polarization curve of high entropy alloy in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a Co-Fe-Ni-V-Zr eutectic high-entropy alloy with a chemical formula of CoFeNi 1.5 VZr x And the value range of x is 0.3-0.6.
In the present invention, x is particularly preferably 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 or 0.6.
In the invention, the phase composition of the Co-Fe-Ni-V-Zr eutectic high-entropy alloy comprises a body-centered cubic phase and a Laves phase; the Laves phase is formed from nickel and zirconium.
In the invention, the volume content of the body-centered cubic phase is preferably 70-30%; the volume content of the Laves phase is preferably 30-70%.
The invention provides a preparation method of a Co-Fe-Ni-V-Zr eutectic high-entropy alloy, which comprises the following steps:
smelting and cooling the high-entropy alloy raw material to obtain a cobalt-iron-nickel-vanadium-zirconium series eutectic high-entropy alloy; the proportion of the high-entropy alloy raw material is as same as that of the CoFeNi in the technical scheme 1.5 VZr x The components are consistent.
In the invention, the impurity content of the high-entropy alloy raw material is less than 0.1 wt%. In the invention, before smelting, the high-entropy alloy raw material preferably further comprises pretreatment; the pretreatment comprises scale removal and ultrasonic cleaning. In the invention, the high-entropy alloy raw material is preferably a block simple substance, and in the invention, the block simple substances of the high-entropy alloy raw material are preferably sequentially placed into a water-cooled copper crucible according to the melting point, and the block simple substances with high melting point are placed above the water-cooled copper crucible and then smelted.
In the present invention, the melting is preferably arc melting.
In the present invention, the melting is preferably carried out in a protective atmosphereIs carried out in (1). In the present invention, the method of providing the protective atmosphere preferably comprises: the furnace body is firstly vacuumized, and then protective gas is introduced. In the present invention, the furnace body is preferably evacuated by a mechanical pump and then by a molecular pump, more preferably, the mechanical pump is closed when the pressure is reduced to 10Pa or less, and the molecular pump is evacuated to 1X 10 -3 Pa or less. In the present invention, the furnace body is preferably an arc melting furnace. In the present invention, the shielding gas is preferably argon. In the present invention, the purity of the argon gas is preferably 99.99 wt%. In the invention, argon is preferably introduced until the gauge pressure in the furnace is-0.06 MPa.
In the present invention, the temperature of the melting is preferably 1500 to 1950 ℃. In the present invention, the current during melting is preferably controlled to 500A or less.
In the present invention, the melting and cooling preferably comprises: carrying out first smelting on the high-entropy alloy raw material, and carrying out first cooling to obtain an alloy ingot; and turning over the alloy ingot, then carrying out next smelting and next cooling, and repeating the smelting and cooling steps for multiple times. In the present invention, the number of times of the melting is preferably 5 times. The invention can improve the component uniformity of the alloy ingot through multiple times of smelting.
Preferably, after the alloy ingot is cooled, the obtained alloy ingot is subjected to mechanical cutting, sand paper grinding and polishing in sequence to obtain the Co-Fe-Ni-V-Zr eutectic high-entropy alloy. In the present invention, the mechanical cutting is preferably performed by a wire cutting machine.
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Preparation of CoFeNi 1.5 VZr 0.3 High-entropy alloy:
(1) removing surface scale of Co, Fe, Ni, V and Zr, and performing super treatmentSonic oscillation cleaning according to CoFeNi 1.5 VZr 0.3 The proportion of the method is that the block simple substance of each element is taken.
(2) Putting the metal block in the step (1) into a water-cooled copper crucible from top to bottom according to the melting point, firstly vacuumizing to below 10Pa by using a mechanical pump, and then vacuumizing to 1 multiplied by 10 by using a molecular pump -3 Introducing argon under Pa until the gauge pressure in the furnace is-0.06 MPa.
(3) Starting a smelting power supply to smelt, smelting a titanium ingot to absorb impurity gases such as oxygen, nitrogen and the like in a furnace cavity, putting the titanium ingot and high-entropy alloy raw materials in different crucibles, introducing titanium elements into the high-entropy alloy when smelting the titanium ingot, turning the alloy ingot by a manipulator after each smelting to cool the alloy ingot, starting electromagnetic stirring from the second smelting, and repeatedly smelting for five times to enable the components of the alloy ingot to be uniform.
(4) And after the smelting is finished, cooling to room temperature to obtain the high-entropy alloy block.
FIG. 1 shows CoFeNi 1.5 VZr 0.3 XRD spectrogram of high-entropy alloy, which shows CoFeNi 1.5 VZr 0.3 The high-entropy alloy consists of an FCC phase (the volume fraction is 60-70%) and a Laves phase (the volume fraction is 30-40%), and the microstructure of the high-entropy alloy block is shown in figure 5, and shows a typical hypoeutectic structure, and has a eutectic structure with the volume fraction of 30-40%. The microhardness is measured to be 388HV (the detection national standard is GB/T4340-2009). The compressive mechanical property (GB/T7314-2017 as the detection national standard) is shown in figure 9, and the compressive yield strength is 605.56 MPa.
Example 2
Preparation of CoFeNi 1.5 VZr 0.4 High-entropy alloy:
(1) removing oxide scales on the surfaces of Co, Fe, Ni, V and Zr, and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation cleaning according to CoFeNi 1.5 VZr 0.4 The proportion of the method is that the block simple substance of each element is taken.
(2) Putting the metal block in the step (1) into a water-cooled copper crucible from top to bottom according to the melting point, firstly vacuumizing to below 10Pa by using a mechanical pump, and then vacuumizing to 1 multiplied by 10 by using a molecular pump -3 Below Pa, introducing argonThe gauge pressure in the furnace is-0.06 MPa.
(3) And starting a smelting power supply to smelt, smelting the titanium ingot to absorb the residual oxygen in the furnace chamber, turning over the alloy ingot by using a manipulator after finishing smelting each time when the alloy is smelted, starting electromagnetic stirring from the second smelting, and repeatedly smelting for five times to ensure that the components of the alloy ingot are uniform.
(4) And after the smelting is finished, cooling to room temperature to obtain the high-entropy alloy block.
FIG. 2 shows CoFeNi 1.5 VZr 0.4 XRD spectrogram of high-entropy alloy, which shows CoFeNi 1.5 VZr 0.4 The high-entropy alloy consists of an FCC phase (the volume fraction is 50-60%) and a Laves phase (the volume fraction is 40-50%), the microstructure of the high-entropy alloy block is shown in FIG. 6, compared with example 1, the eutectic structure still occupies a large volume fraction, specifically 40-50%, but the newly-appeared eutectic structure is the Laves phase distributed in a strip shape, and shows a typical hypereutectic morphology. The microhardness was found to be 478.4 HV. The compressive mechanical properties are shown in FIG. 10, and the compressive yield strength is 548.2 MPa.
Example 3
Preparation of CoFeNi 1.5 VZr 0.5 High-entropy alloy:
(1) removing oxide scales on the surfaces of Co, Fe, Ni, V and Zr, and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation cleaning according to CoFeNi 1.5 VZr 0.5 The proportion of the method is that the block simple substance of each element is taken.
(2) Putting the metal block in the step (1) into a water-cooled copper crucible from top to bottom according to the melting point, firstly vacuumizing to below 10Pa by using a mechanical pump, and then vacuumizing to 1 multiplied by 10 by using a molecular pump -3 Introducing argon under Pa until the gauge pressure in the furnace is-0.06 MPa.
(3) And starting a smelting power supply to smelt, smelting the titanium ingot to absorb the residual oxygen in the furnace chamber, turning over the alloy ingot by using a manipulator after finishing smelting each time when the alloy is smelted, starting electromagnetic stirring from the second smelting, and repeatedly smelting for five times to ensure that the components of the alloy ingot are uniform.
(4) And after the smelting is finished, cooling to room temperature to obtain the high-entropy alloy block.
FIG. 3 shows CoFeNi 1.5 VZr 0.5 XRD spectrogram of high-entropy alloy, which shows CoFeNi 1.5 VZr 0.5 The high-entropy alloy consists of an FCC phase (the volume fraction is 35-55%) and a Laves phase (the volume fraction is 45-65%), the microstructure of the high-entropy alloy block is shown in FIG. 7, compared with example 2, the eutectic structure still occupies a large volume fraction, specifically 35-55%, but the newly-appeared eutectic structure is the Laves phase distributed in a strip shape, and a typical hypereutectic morphology is shown. The microhardness was found to be 635 HV. The compressive mechanical properties are shown in FIG. 11, and the compressive yield strength is 476.0 MPa.
Example 4
Preparation of CoFeNi 1.5 VZr 0.6 High-entropy alloy:
(1) removing oxide scales on the surfaces of Co, Fe, Ni, V and Zr, and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation cleaning according to CoFeNi 1.5 VZr 0.6 The proportion of the method is that the block simple substance of each element is taken.
(2) Putting the metal block in the step (1) into a water-cooled copper crucible from top to bottom according to the melting point, firstly vacuumizing to below 10Pa by using a mechanical pump, and then vacuumizing to 1 multiplied by 10 by using a molecular pump -3 Introducing argon under Pa until the gauge pressure in the furnace is-0.06 MPa.
(3) And starting a smelting power supply to smelt, smelting the titanium ingot to absorb the residual oxygen in the furnace chamber, turning over the alloy ingot by using a manipulator after finishing smelting each time when the alloy is smelted, starting electromagnetic stirring from the second smelting, and repeatedly smelting for five times to ensure that the components of the alloy ingot are uniform.
(4) And after the smelting is finished, cooling to room temperature to obtain the high-entropy alloy block.
FIG. 4 shows CoFeNi 1.5 VZr 0.6 XRD spectrogram of high-entropy alloy, which shows CoFeNi 1.5 VZr 0.6 The high-entropy alloy consists of FCC phase (30-45% by volume fraction) and Laves phase (55-70% by volume fraction), the microstructure of the high-entropy alloy block is shown in figure 8, compared with the embodiment 3, the Laves phase is distributed in block, the high-entropy alloy still has hypereutectic shapeAnd (5) appearance. The microhardness was found to be 799 HV. The compression mechanical properties are shown in fig. 12, and no yield phenomenon occurs during compression.
The high-entropy alloys prepared in examples 1 to 4 were subjected to corrosion tests in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, and the obtained polarization curves are respectively shown in fig. 13, 14, 15 and 16, and the corrosion potentials and corrosion current densities are shown in table 1, and it can be seen from table 1 that as the content of Zr increases, the corrosion current densities of the alloys tend to decrease as a whole, indicating that the corrosion resistance of the alloys is enhanced by the addition of Zr.
TABLE 1 Corrosion potential and Corrosion Current Density of eutectic high entropy alloys prepared in examples 1-4
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A Co-Fe-Ni-V-Zr eutectic high-entropy alloy with chemical formula of CoFeNi 1.5 VZr x And the value range of x is 0.3-0.6.
2. The cofenicke-nickelvanadinium eutectic high entropy alloy of claim 1, wherein the phase composition of the cofenicke-nickelvanadinium eutectic high entropy alloy comprises a body centered cubic phase and a Laves phase; the Laves phase is formed from nickel and zirconium.
3. The cofeb-ni-v-zr-based eutectic high entropy alloy as claimed in claim 2, wherein the Laves phase volume content is 30-70%.
4. A method for preparing the Co-Fe-Ni-V-Zr eutectic high-entropy alloy as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following steps:
smelting and cooling the high-entropy alloy raw material to obtain a cobalt-iron-nickel-vanadium-zirconium series eutectic high-entropy alloy; the proportion of the high-entropy alloy raw material and CoFeNi as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3 1.5 VZr x The components are consistent.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the smelting is carried out in a protective atmosphere.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of providing the protective atmosphere comprises: the furnace body is firstly vacuumized, and then protective gas is introduced.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the temperature of the melting is 1500 ℃ to 1950 ℃.
8. The method of manufacturing of claim 4, wherein the smelting and cooling comprises: carrying out first smelting on the high-entropy alloy raw material, and carrying out first cooling to obtain an alloy ingot; and turning over the alloy ingot, then carrying out next smelting and next cooling, and repeating the smelting and cooling steps for multiple times.
9. A method of production according to claim 4, wherein the high entropy alloy feedstock has an impurity content of less than 0.1 wt%.
10. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein the high-entropy alloy raw material further comprises pretreatment before smelting; the pretreatment comprises scale removal and ultrasonic cleaning.
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| CN107557643A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-01-09 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of CoFexNiyV0.5NbzHigh-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN108754277A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-11-06 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of ferro-cobalt nickel vanadium zirconium high-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN108950349A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-07 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of CoFeNi2VZrx eutectic high-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof |
| US20200283874A1 (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2020-09-10 | Energy, United States Department Of | High-Performance Corrosion-Resistant High-Entropy Alloys |
| CN114457270A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-10 | 西安理工大学 | L12Medium-entropy alloy with particles strongly plasticized and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107557643A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-01-09 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of CoFexNiyV0.5NbzHigh-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN108754277A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-11-06 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of ferro-cobalt nickel vanadium zirconium high-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN108950349A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-07 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of CoFeNi2VZrx eutectic high-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof |
| US20200283874A1 (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2020-09-10 | Energy, United States Department Of | High-Performance Corrosion-Resistant High-Entropy Alloys |
| CN114457270A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-10 | 西安理工大学 | L12Medium-entropy alloy with particles strongly plasticized and preparation method thereof |
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