CN114835303A - Coral reef-like floc induction forming method for improving removal efficiency of small molecular organic matters - Google Patents
Coral reef-like floc induction forming method for improving removal efficiency of small molecular organic matters Download PDFInfo
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- CN114835303A CN114835303A CN202210632438.6A CN202210632438A CN114835303A CN 114835303 A CN114835303 A CN 114835303A CN 202210632438 A CN202210632438 A CN 202210632438A CN 114835303 A CN114835303 A CN 114835303A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 244000132059 Carica parviflora Species 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 241000243321 Cnidaria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 18
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002535 acidifier Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 claims 5
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001164 aluminium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- BUACSMWVFUNQET-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum;trisulfate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BUACSMWVFUNQET-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000413 hydrolysate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 salt ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
- C02F1/5245—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
A coral reef-like floc induction forming method for improving removal efficiency of small molecular organic matters comprises the steps of pre-acidifying raw water, slowly dropwise adding a metal salt coagulant and alkali, and regulating and controlling the alkali adding rate in the process so that the pH value of a system just rises to be neutral when the metal salt coagulant is added; then, the system is changed from a fast mixing state to a slow mixing state; finally, entering a precipitation state to enable the flocs to be freely precipitated; wherein, in the process of continuously rising the pH value and the concentration of the metal salt coagulant, coral reef-like flocs gradually grow and form, a large number of binding sites are provided for micromolecular organic matters, and the removal rate of the micromolecular organic matters is enhanced. The invention creates favorable hydrolysis conditions through pre-acidification, optimizes the adding mode of the metal salt coagulant and the alkali, realizes the induced formation of coral reef-like flocs, provides more binding sites for small molecular organic matters, improves the coagulation removal effect, and has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost and easy application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water purification, and particularly relates to a coral reef-like floc induction forming method for improving removal efficiency of small molecular organic matters.
Background
Organic matters in drinking water or reclaimed water cause problems of smell, taste, chromaticity and the like, and cause the growth of bacteria in a water delivery pipeline. In the water treatment process, organic substances consume more oxidizing agents or coagulants, cause membrane contamination, and generate Disinfection Byproducts (DBPs) in the disinfection process. Coagulation is a water treatment method which has wide application, economy and high efficiency. To macromolecular organic matter, such as humic acid, the coagulation has better removal effect, and the main mechanism has: electrical neutralization, net-sweeping flocculation, adsorption, complexation, etc. However, the removal effect of coagulation is poor for small molecular organic substances. The dissolved small molecular organic matters can not be converted into insoluble particles through the electrical neutralization or complexation of the coagulant and only can remain in water in a dissolved state. The micromolecular organic matter is mainly removed through the adsorption effect with the hydrolysate of the coagulant. However, in Conventional Coagulation (CC), a coagulant and alkali are added at one time, so that metal hydroxide is rapidly formed, and the removal effect of the metal hydroxide on small molecular organic matters is poor.
In order to improve the removal of organic substances, researchers have developed techniques such as magnetic ion exchange resin (MIEX), multifunctional nano-coagulants, and the like. But their high cost limits the application of these techniques.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defect that the conventional coagulation technology is difficult to remove the small-molecular organic matters, the invention aims to provide the coral reef-like floc induction forming method for improving the removal efficiency of the small-molecular organic matters.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a coral reef-like floc induction forming method for improving removal efficiency of small molecular organic matters comprises the steps of pre-acidifying raw water, slowly dropwise adding a metal salt coagulant and alkali, and regulating and controlling the alkali adding rate in the process so that the pH value of a system just rises to be neutral when the metal salt coagulant is added; then, the system is switched to a slow mixing state; finally, entering a precipitation state to enable the flocs to be freely precipitated; wherein, in the process of continuously rising the pH value and the concentration of the metal salt coagulant, coral reef-like flocs gradually grow and form, a large number of binding sites are provided for micromolecular organic matters, and the removal rate of the micromolecular organic matters is enhanced.
In one embodiment, the raw water is pre-acidified by acidifying raw water to pH 6 ± 0.1.
In one embodiment, the raw water is pre-acidified, and the acidifying agent used is sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid.
In one embodiment, the metal salt coagulant is crystalline aluminum chloride or crystalline aluminum sulfate, and the adding amount of the metal salt coagulant in raw water is 15-30 mg/L based on the weight of aluminum.
In one embodiment, the metal salt coagulant is added by using a metering pump, the adding rate is 2-3 mg/(L.min), and the adding time of the coagulant is 5-10 min.
In one embodiment, the addition is maintained for 300s throughout the addition of the metal salt coagulant -1 ＜G＜400s -1 After the metal salt coagulant is added, the rapid mixing state is changed into 20s -1 ＜G＜30s -1 For 15 min.
In one embodiment, the alkali is sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide, the alkali is added by using a metering pump, and the adding rate is adjusted according to the reading of a pH meter, so that the pH of the system just rises slowly to 7 after the metal salt coagulant is added.
In one embodiment, the sedimentation state lasts for 30min, the supernatant is discharged from the upper part and the sediment is discharged from the lower part.
In one embodiment, the raw water is secondary effluent from a domestic sewage plant or raw water to be treated from a domestic water plant.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method has higher treatment efficiency under the condition of the same coagulant adding amount.
2. The coral reef-like flocs induced by the method provide more binding sites for small molecular organic matters, and the capturing capability of the coagulant is fully exerted.
3. The method is simple and convenient to operate, is easy to modify and apply on the existing facilities, and does not need to construct a new structure.
4. The adopted acid, alkali and coagulant have wide sources and low price, and the cost of the whole treatment process can be effectively controlled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of coral reef-like flocs of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of the conventional coagulation process and the removal rate of three model small molecular organic matters and the second-stage effluent organic matters of the sewage plant.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The invention relates to a coral reef-like floc induction forming method for improving the removal efficiency of small molecular organic matters, and the core idea of the method can be understood or named as Continuous addition coagulation (CDC). Namely, by controlling the adding process and the environment, and utilizing the hydrolytic polymerization characteristic of metal ions, proper conditions are created, so that coral reef-like flocs are induced to form in the process of growing from small to large, and the removal of small molecular organic matters is strengthened.
The raw water can be secondary effluent of a domestic sewage plant or raw water to be treated of a domestic water plant, or industrial sewage, and the invention is applicable to sewage treatment aiming at removing small molecular organic matters, and is only applicable to relevant parameter adjustment according to the content of the small molecular organic matters and conventional adjustment of other auxiliary processes according to the water quality of the raw water.
In the scheme of the invention, firstly, raw water is pre-acidified, then a metal salt coagulant and alkali are slowly added dropwise, a certain metal salt coagulant adding rate is kept in the process, and the alkali adding rate is regulated so that the pH value of the system just rises to be neutral when the metal salt coagulant is added; then the system is converted into a slow mixing state; finally, entering a precipitation state to enable the flocs to be freely precipitated.
The pre-acidification of the raw water is carried out by using common acidifying agent such as sulfuric acid (H) before coagulation treatment 2 SO 4 ) Or hydrochloric acid (HCl), etc., to acidify the raw water to pH 6 ± 0.1, which is too high to facilitate the gradual polymerization process of metal ions, and too low to increase the cost of the acidification agent, which is not practical, so the pH 6 is selected as the optimal parameter.
The metal salt coagulant of the invention can be crystalline aluminum chloride (AlCl) 3 ·6H 2 O) or crystalline aluminium sulphate (Al) 2 SO 4 ·18H 2 O), the alkali can be sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide, and is a conventional medicament, low in cost and wide in source. The addition amount of the metal salt coagulant in raw water is 15-30 mg/L based on the weight of aluminum.
In the invention, the metal salt coagulant and the alkali are both added by using a metering pump, and the adding rate of the metal salt coagulant is 2-3 mg/(L.min). The adding rate of the alkali is adjusted according to the reading of the pH meter, so that the pH value of the system just rises to 7 slowly when the adding of the metal salt coagulant is finished.
The invention keeps the rapid mixing state (300 s) in the whole adding process of the metal salt coagulant -1 ＜G＜400s -1 ) After the metal salt coagulant is added, the rapid mixing state is changed into the slow mixing state (20 s) -1 ＜G＜30s -1 )。
The treatment time of the invention is shorter, the adding time of the metal salt coagulant is generally 5-10 min according to the adding amount of the selected metal salt coagulant, the slow mixing state generally lasts 15min, the sedimentation state generally lasts 30min, and finally the supernatant is discharged from the upper part and the sediment is discharged from the lower part.
As shown in fig. 1, the principle of the present invention is: by utilizing the hydrolytic polymerization characteristic of metal salt ions, proper conditions are created, and the metal ions undergo the process from low pH and low concentration to neutral pH and high concentration. In the process of continuously increasing the pH value and the concentration of the metal salt coagulant, the floc grows gradually from 100nm to form coral reef-like floc, a large number of binding sites are provided for small molecular organic matters, and the removal of the small molecular organic matters is strengthened.
In one embodiment of the invention, raw water is secondary effluent of a sewage plant, the pH of the raw water is firstly adjusted to 6 by using sulfuric acid, the stirring intensity is maintained in a rapid mixing state, a prepared crystalline aluminum chloride solution is continuously added into the raw water by using a metering pump, the adding dose is 20mg/L (calculated by aluminum, the same applies below), the adding speed is 2 mg/(L.min), and the adding time is 10 min. And (2) monitoring the pH change of the water body in the whole process by using a pH meter while continuously adding the crystalline aluminum chloride solution, and continuously adding the prepared sodium hydroxide solution into the raw water by using a metering pump, wherein the adding rate control principle is that the pH of the system just and slowly rises to be neutral (the pH is 7) when the crystalline aluminum chloride solution is added. After the crystalline aluminum chloride solution is added, the crystalline aluminum chloride solution is converted into a slow mixing state (G is more than 20 and less than 30 s) -1 ) For 15 min. And finally, entering a precipitation state to enable flocs to freely settle for 30 min. The supernatant is discharged from the upper part, and the precipitate is discharged from the lower part.
As shown in FIG. 2, it can be seen that under the same coagulant adding amount, the removal rate of the micromolecule organic matter of the continuous adding coagulation process can be improved by about 15% compared with the conventional coagulation process.
In order to realize the method, the invention also synchronously provides a corresponding device, which mainly comprises a reaction tank (reaction main body space), an acidizing agent barrel (storing acidizing agent), a metal salt coagulant barrel (storing metal salt coagulant), an alkali liquid barrel (storing alkali liquid), two metering pumps (respectively connected with the metal salt coagulant barrel and the alkali liquid barrel and used for metering and conveying the metal salt coagulant and the alkali liquid to the reaction tank), a pH meter (monitoring the pH value of a reaction system in the reaction tank in real time) and the like, wherein the reaction tank is provided with a stirring device with controllable stirring speed, the pH meter can be connected with a controller, and the controller controls the opening and closing of the two metering pumps, the flow rate and the stirring speed of the stirring device according to the pH value of the reaction system.
Claims (9)
1. A coral reef-like floc induction forming method for improving removal efficiency of small molecular organic matters is characterized in that firstly, raw water is pre-acidified, then a metal salt coagulant and alkali are slowly dripped, and the alkali addition rate is regulated in the process so that the pH of a system is just raised to be neutral when the metal salt coagulant is added; then, the system is changed from a fast mixing state to a slow mixing state; finally, entering a precipitation state to enable the flocs to be freely precipitated; wherein, in the process of continuously rising the pH value and the concentration of the metal salt coagulant, coral reef-like flocs gradually grow and form, a large number of binding sites are provided for micromolecular organic matters, and the removal rate of the micromolecular organic matters is enhanced.
2. The method for inducing coral reef-like flocs to form small molecule organic removal efficiency as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pre-acidification of raw water is to acidify raw water to pH 6 ± 0.1.
3. The coral reef-like floc induction forming method for improving removal efficiency of small molecule organic substances as claimed in claim 1, wherein said raw water is pre-acidified, and an acidifying agent used is sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid.
4. The coral reef-like floc induction forming method for improving the removal efficiency of small molecular organic substances according to claim 1, wherein the metal salt coagulant is crystalline aluminum chloride or crystalline aluminum sulfate, and the addition amount of the metal salt coagulant in raw water is 15-30 mg/L based on the weight of aluminum.
5. The coral reef-like floc induction forming method for improving the removal efficiency of small molecular organic matters according to claim 1, wherein the metal salt coagulant is added by using a metering pump at an addition rate of 2-3 mg/(L-min) for 5-10 min.
6. The method for inducing coral reef-like flocs to form with improved removal efficiency of small-molecule organic substances as claimed in claim 1, wherein said method comprisesIn that the addition time is kept for 300s in the whole adding process of the metal salt coagulant -1 ＜G＜400s -1 After the metal salt coagulant is added, the rapid mixing state is changed into 20s -1 ＜G＜30s -1 For 15 min.
7. The coral reef-like floc induction forming method for improving the removal efficiency of small molecular organic matters according to claim 1, wherein the alkali is sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide, and is added by using a metering pump, and the adding rate is adjusted according to the reading of a pH meter, so that the pH of the system just rises slowly to 7 after the metal salt coagulant is added.
8. The method for inducing and forming coral reef-like flocs with improved removal efficiency of small molecule organic substances as claimed in claim 1, wherein said sedimentation state lasts for 30min, supernatant is discharged from the upper part and sediment is discharged from the lower part.
9. The coral reef-like floc induction forming method for improving removal efficiency of small molecule organic substances as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw water is secondary effluent of a domestic sewage plant or raw water to be treated of a domestic water plant.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115259326A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-11-01 | 西安交通大学 | Grid flocculation tank for reinforcing removal of pollutants by inducing formation of coral reef-shaped flocs |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115259326A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-11-01 | 西安交通大学 | Grid flocculation tank for reinforcing removal of pollutants by inducing formation of coral reef-shaped flocs |
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