CN114835257B - Rapid adsorption type iron-doped porous constructed wetland filler and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Rapid adsorption type iron-doped porous constructed wetland filler and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114835257B CN114835257B CN202210333587.2A CN202210333587A CN114835257B CN 114835257 B CN114835257 B CN 114835257B CN 202210333587 A CN202210333587 A CN 202210333587A CN 114835257 B CN114835257 B CN 114835257B
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- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical class O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000758789 Juglans Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 iron ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Inorganic materials [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940092782 bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001651 autotrophic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YYXHRUSBEPGBCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidyneiron Chemical compound [N].[Fe] YYXHRUSBEPGBCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001608 iron mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000280 sodium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/103—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate comprising silica
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/12—Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
- B01J20/18—Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
- B01J20/18—Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves
- B01J20/186—Chemical treatments in view of modifying the properties of the sieve, e.g. increasing the stability or the activity, also decreasing the activity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
- C02F3/107—Inorganic materials, e.g. sand, silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/42—Materials comprising a mixture of inorganic materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4806—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of inorganic character
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid adsorption type iron-doped porous constructed wetland filler and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering water treatment. The packing is formed by bonding a plurality of small particles containing multiple components, and at least 1 groove and a fine pore canal among the particles are formed on the packing. The filler provided by the invention can rapidly adsorb nitrogen, and the filler component strengthens the microbial nitrogen removal effect, so that the filler can effectively intercept and biodegrade nitrogen pollutants. Compared with the existing filler, the filler provided by the invention has the advantages of good water permeability, large specific surface area, easiness in adhesion of microorganisms and formed biological film thickness and stability; the adsorption to ammonia nitrogen is rapid, the adsorption quantity is large, and the combined action of the modified mineral substance and the iron element strengthens the adsorption effect; the iron element is coupled with the removal of nitrogen element, and the enhancement of electron transfer by doped graphene and humus further improves the nitrogen removal effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering water treatment, and particularly relates to a rapid adsorption type iron-doped porous constructed wetland filler, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The artificial wetland system belongs to an ecological engineering system and can be used for advanced sewage treatment, water purification, non-point source pollution treatment and the like, wherein biological fillers are important components of the artificial wetland system and bear the functions of providing carriers for organisms and the like, and the properties of the fillers are closely related to the treatment effect.
The fillers widely used in the existing constructed wetland engineering are mainly natural minerals such as limestone, wollastonite or pyrite, industrial products such as slag or iron slag, and the specific surface area of the fillers is small because the internal pores are closed, so that the total biomass and nitrogen removal effect in the constructed wetland can not be effectively increased; in the prior art, the artificial synthetic wetland filler mainly has the problem that internal pores are not communicated in a preparation mode of physical mixing, stacking or roasting molding, and is not beneficial to the internal adhesion of microorganisms and the increase of the contact area with polluted water; the existing constructed wetland filler also has the problem of low nitrogen adsorption capacity, and has an unsatisfactory ammonia nitrogen treatment effect when the hydraulic load is large; the electron transfer property of the existing constructed wetland filler is not good enough, so that the extracellular electron transfer of microorganisms on the filler is influenced, and the oxidation-reduction process of nitrogen-containing compounds in water is not facilitated; the artificial wetland filler is generally lack of scientific use methods.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the rapid adsorption type iron-doped porous constructed wetland filler, the preparation method thereof and the application method thereof in the aspect of nitrogen removal, the specific surface area of the filler is increased through the three-dimensional structure of the internal particles of the filler, the rapid adsorption performance of ammonia nitrogen, the bioconversion process of nitrogen and the extracellular electron transfer process of microorganisms are enhanced, the use method of the constructed wetland filler is optimized, and the efficient removal of nitrogen compounds in polluted water of the constructed wetland is realized.
The invention is realized by adopting the following scheme:
the quick adsorption type iron-doped porous constructed wetland filler is formed by bonding a plurality of small particles, fine pore channels are formed among the small particles bonded with each other, and the fine pore channels are communicated inside the constructed wetland filler; at least 1 groove is formed in the constructed wetland filler.
Further, the shape of the constructed wetland filler is a sphere with a groove, the diameter of the constructed wetland filler is 8-60 mm, the volume of the groove accounts for 15-40% of the volume of the constructed wetland filler, and the shape of the groove comprises a circle, a polygon or an irregular figure.
Further, the number of the fine pore channels is at least 30.
Further, the small particles are made of a mixture of a plurality of inorganic minerals; the mixture of inorganic minerals comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 13 to 16 percent of modified activated carbon powder, 20 to 25 percent of modified zeolite powder, 12 to 15 percent of reduced iron powder, 12 to 15 percent of attapulgite powder, 23 to 27 percent of bentonite, 1 to 3 percent of graphite, 0.5 to 1.0 percent of pore-forming agent, 5 to 7 percent of quartz powder and 0.03 to 0.05 percent of graphene.
The reduced iron powder can form iron oxide to promote the adsorption capacity of ammonia nitrogen; the reduced iron powder and the oxide thereof can be used as electron donors to promote autotrophic denitrification and denitrification, solve the problem of insufficient carbon source and improve the denitrification effect.
Further, the modified activated carbon powder is prepared by pre-treating the original activated carbon by oxidation/acidification, and then sodium ions or iron ions can be loaded by an impregnation method.
Further, the modified zeolite powder comprises sodium chloride modified zeolite powder.
Further, the graphene is single-layer or few-layer or multi-layer graphene prepared by a physical method or a chemical method.
Further, the pore-forming agent comprises ammonium bicarbonate, so that a porous structure is formed inside the prepared filler, microorganism adhesion is easy, the specific surface area of the filler is increased, the contact site between the filler and sewage is increased, and the filler and pollutants are fully contacted and reacted.
The sodium bentonite is used as the adhesive, so that the problem of secondary pollution of the organic adhesive to water quality can be avoided, the adhesive is adhered to materials such as scrap iron and the like, and the nitrogen removal efficiency of the iron powder is ensured and the components of the filler can be mutually combined after roasting; meanwhile, the adhesive can be fully contacted with each component, so that the adhesive effect is improved; and the strength of the filler particles can be improved by adopting 25-30%, and external load is resisted.
The preparation method of the constructed wetland filler comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing modified activated carbon powder, modified zeolite powder, reduced iron powder, attapulgite powder, bentonite, a pore-forming agent, quartz powder and graphene to form a mixture, adding 28-32% by weight of water into the mixture, uniformly stirring again, extruding to prepare a strip-shaped wet filler, drying to obtain a strip-shaped dry filler, sintering the strip-shaped dry filler in an air-isolated high-temperature furnace at 550-600 ℃ for 55-65 min, and then sintering the strip-shaped dry filler at 900-950 ℃ for 55-65 min to obtain the modified strip-shaped dry filler.
In the process, the sintering temperature is gradually increased to 550-600 ℃, a porous structure in the filler is formed under the action of the pore-forming agent, the sintering is continued for 55-65 min at 550-600 ℃, the organic matters covered on the surface of the porous structure can be sufficiently removed, and then the porous structure can be sintered for 55-65 min at 900-950 ℃ to form the filler with equivalent strength so as to meet the strength requirement of the constructed wetland construction and long-term operation on the load.
(2) Crushing the obtained strip-shaped dry filler, and sieving to obtain irregular particles with the particle size of 7-28 meshes, namely small particles;
(3) Mixing small particles with walnut powder with the weight of 6-8% of the small particles, spraying a proper amount of binder and a proper amount of water on the surface of the mixture, continuously stirring the mixture, stopping spraying and stirring when the mixture can be molded, pressing and molding by a mold, and drying to obtain the constructed wetland filler.
Further, in the step (1), the sizes of the modified activated carbon powder, the modified zeolite powder, the reduced iron powder, the attapulgite powder, the bentonite and the quartz powder are 200-400 meshes, preferably 200 meshes; the size of the walnut powder in the step (3) is 200-300 meshes, preferably 200 meshes; the cross section diameters of the strip-shaped wet filler and the strip-shaped dry filler in the step (1) are 10-50 mm, preferably 5-20 mm; the lengths of the strip-shaped wet fillers and the strip-shaped dry fillers in the step (1) are 10-30mm; the drying method comprises placing in air or drying at 50-75deg.C.
An application of constructed wetland filler in removing nitrogen compounds in sewage.
Further, the applications include rapid adsorption of ammonia nitrogen, bioconversion of nitrogen, and application in microbial extracellular electron transfer.
Further, the method for removing nitrogen compounds in sewage by the constructed wetland filler is characterized in that the method for removing nitrogen is as follows: after membrane formation, the filler in the anaerobic (dissolved oxygen is lower than 0.2 mg/L) or anoxic (dissolved oxygen is 0.2-2.0 mg/L) area of the constructed wetland continuously purifies polluted water for 24-48h, and the filler needs to be exposed to air for at least 0.5-1.0 h and then is continuously used; or after membrane formation, under conditions ranging from anaerobic/anoxic to aerobic (greater than 2.0 mg/L).
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the filler body is composed of irregular tiny particles, the tiny particles are bonded by adopting a bonding agent, pores are reserved among the irregular particles, a three-dimensional communicated pore is formed in the filler, the whole filler comprises at least 30 pore passages, and the filler body is provided with grooves, so that the specific surface area is further increased, more microorganisms can be accommodated, and the contact area with a water body is increased.
The small particles forming the filler body contain components with strong ammonia nitrogen adsorption capacity, including modified zeolite, modified activated carbon and iron oxide, and the components can rapidly adsorb ammonia nitrogen, so that the defects of microbial reaction can be overcome compared with the quicker occurrence of microbial reaction, the microorganisms are further converted and degraded after adsorption, the hydraulic retention time can be reduced, and the treated water quantity is increased.
The small particles forming the filler body contain iron elements, which can perform iron-nitrogen coupling reaction with nitrate nitrogen in the water body, and can further promote the microbial reduction process of the nitrate nitrogen under the anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic change condition.
The small particles forming the filler body contain graphene, and the good conductivity of the small particles improves the extracellular electron transfer between the filler and the microorganism, and has an improvement effect on nitrogen conversion of the microorganism.
The filler provided by the invention can rapidly adsorb nitrogen, and the filler component strengthens the microbial nitrogen removal effect, so that the filler can effectively intercept and biodegrade nitrogen pollutants. Compared with the existing filler, the filler provided by the invention has the advantages of good water permeability, large specific surface area, easiness in adhesion of microorganisms and formed biological film thickness and stability; the adsorption to ammonia nitrogen is rapid, the adsorption quantity is large, and the combined action of the modified mineral substance and the iron element strengthens the adsorption effect; the iron element is coupled with the removal of nitrogen element, and the enhancement of electron transfer by doped graphene and humus further improves the nitrogen removal effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the packing of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the constructed wetland filler according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a plan view; (b) is a cross-sectional view.
FIG. 3 is an electron microscopic view of the constructed wetland filler prepared in example 1, wherein (a) is the filler before use; (b) after use of the filler.
FIG. 4 is an XRD pattern of the constructed wetland filler prepared in example 1, wherein (a) is the filler before use; (b) after use of the filler.
FIG. 5 is an EDS diagram of the constructed wetland filler prepared in example 1, wherein (a) is the filler before use; (b) after use of the filler.
FIG. 6 is a graph of the adsorption rate of ammonia nitrogen by the constructed wetland packing material described in example 2.
Detailed Description
The method has the advantages that the local connection of particles in the constructed wetland filler is utilized to construct a three-dimensional channel structure in the filler, the specific surface area of the filler is increased, the rapid adsorption performance on ammonia nitrogen, the biological conversion process of nitrogen and the extracellular electron transfer process of microorganisms are enhanced, the use method of the constructed wetland filler is optimized, and the efficient removal of nitrogen compounds in polluted water of the constructed wetland is realized; the constructed wetland filler is formed by bonding a plurality of small particles, and at least 1 groove and a fine pore channel among the particles are formed in the filler; the small particles are made of a mixture of a plurality of inorganic minerals; the shape of the constructed wetland filler is a sphere with a groove, the diameter is 8-60 mm, the volume of the groove accounts for 15-40% of the volume of the filler, the groove can be in a round shape, a polygonal shape or an irregular pattern, and at least 30 fine pore paths are formed among small particles forming the filler (figures 1 and 2); according to the nature of the filler according to the invention, a method of use is proposed for the application of the filler according to the invention.
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are intended to illustrate the invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, wherein the specific conditions are not identified in the examples, but are either conventional conditions or manufacturer suggested conditions, and wherein the reagents or apparatus used are conventional products available commercially from manufacturers.
Specific examples are given below.
Example 1
The commercial activated carbon powder (200 meshes) is pretreated with oxidation/acidification to obtain the original activated carbon, and then sodium ions are loaded by an impregnation method for modification to obtain the modified activated carbon powder (200 meshes). The preparation method of the modified activated carbon powder can be referred to as follows: zhujun preparation of activated carbon from pericarpium Citri Grandis and its ammonia adsorption property research (D) university of Xiangtan 2020.
Commercial zeolite powder (200 meshes) was modified with sodium chloride solution to obtain modified zeolite powder (200 meshes). The preparation method of the modified zeolite powder can be referred to as follows: fu Jinxiang, zhang Yanping, li Sen, from Kun, fan Dong, li Xin. Preparation of modified zeolite ammonia nitrogen adsorbent and its use in domestic sewage treatment (J.) silicate notification, 2021,40 (5): 1728-1734.
Mixing 15% of modified active carbon powder (200 meshes), 20% of modified zeolite powder (200 meshes), 13.2% of iron powder (200 meshes), 12% of attapulgite powder (200 meshes), 25% of bentonite (200 meshes), 3% of graphite (200 meshes), 0.5% of pore-forming agent (ammonium bicarbonate), 6.6% of quartz powder (200 meshes) and 0.05% of graphene (few layers of physical method) uniformly, adding tap water accounting for 30% of the weight of the mixture, stirring uniformly to prepare slurry, preparing 10-50 mm of strip-shaped wet filler by mechanical extrusion, placing the strip-shaped wet filler in air for natural air drying, sintering the strip-shaped wet filler in a muffle furnace for 1h at 600 ℃ isolated from air, sintering the strip-shaped dry filler at 900 ℃ for 1h, crushing the obtained modified strip-shaped dry filler, sieving to obtain irregular particles with the particle size of 7-28 meshes, uniformly mixing small particles with walnut powder (200 meshes) accounting for 6-8% of small particle substances by weight, spraying a proper amount of binder and proper amount of water on the surface of the mixture, stopping the mixture, and simultaneously, and carrying out artificial molding by spraying the mixture to the wet filler under the condition of the condition that the mixture is not broken, and the artificial molding is finished by a wet filler is obtained by a wet molding method (shown in a graph, and a graph is obtained after the artificial molding is subjected to a wet molding and a wet molding (1) is obtained by spraying and a wet molding and a molding mold is obtained after the artificial molding is obtained.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the structure of the filler prepared in this example (FIG. 2a is a plan view; FIG. 2b is a sectional view); as can be seen from fig. 2, the filler three-dimensionally interconnected pores allow an increase in specific surface area, and the groove structure provides more accommodation for microorganisms.
Further, the electron microscope image (figure 3) of the filler shows that the filler (figure 3 a) has rough surface, compact and rich gaps and large specific surface area before use, which is beneficial to the growth of microorganisms on the biological film, the microbial film can be formed on the outer surface and inner holes of the filler, and the special surface morphological characteristics also show that the filler is suitable for being used as a water treatment filter material; after the end of the test (fig. 3 b), it was observed that the surface of the filler had a rich secretion of the viscous, external polymeric substance by the microbial biofilm, while the micro-scale pores in the filler were covered by a number of crystalline precipitates.
Further, the XRD patterns of the filler surface (FIG. 4a before the use of the filler; FIG. 4b after the use of the filler) show that the filler before the use is mainly composed of ferric oxide (Fe) 2 O 3 ) Composition, in the iron mineral in the filler after use (FIG. 3 b), except for the original Fe 2 O 3 In addition, other peaks exist, such as ferrous oxide (FeO) and ferric oxide (Fe 3 O 4 ) And tetragonal wurtzite (Fe+3O (OH)), morphology and valence transformations occur.
Further, the EDS plot of the packing surface (FIG. 5a before the packing is used; FIG. 5b after the packing is used) shows that the mass fraction of iron in the used packing is reduced from 8.97% to 3.34% and the mass fraction of oxygen is increased from 44.76% to 53.3% compared to the unused packing, resulting in more iron oxide; it can be seen that these properties of the filler surface will facilitate the nitrogen bioconversion process and the microbial extracellular electron transfer process.
Example 2
In this example, ammonia nitrogen adsorption experiments were performed using NH 4 Cl is dissolved in distilled water to obtain a solution with ammonia nitrogen concentration of 10mg/L, 5g of the filler prepared in the example 1 is weighed and added into a 250ml triangular flask which is assembled with the prepared solution with ammonia nitrogen concentration of 10mg/L, and the solution is subjected to constant temperature and low speed (60 r.min at 20 DEG C -1 ) Oscillating the triangular flask to enable the triangular flask to fully react with the solution, respectively testing ammonia nitrogen concentration of the solution at 10s, 30s, 60s, 2min, 4min, 6min, 8min, 10min, 13.3min and 20min, and calculating the change of ammonia nitrogen adsorption rate with time; as can be seen from FIG. 6, the ammonia nitrogen adsorption amount increases with time, 0-10min is a process of rapidly adsorbing ammonia nitrogen by the filler, 10g of the filler can adsorb 1.15+/-0.05 mg/g of ammonia nitrogen within 10s, the adsorption amount of the filler increases slowly after 10min, the adsorption equilibrium stage is basically reached, the equilibrium adsorption amount is maximally 3.2+/-0.21 mg/g, and the filler has very rapid adsorption capacity on ammonia nitrogen.
Example 3
In this example, nitrogen removal experiments were conducted, the filler prepared in example 1 was subjected to column packing treatment, the diameter of the cross section of the column was 10cm, the height of the filler was 50cm, and the inflow DO was controlled at 4 to 4.5 mg.L -1 The temperature is 30+/-1 ℃, the inlet water pH is 6.5, the flow is 2.7ml/min, the filler column is used for treating the nitrogenous wastewater with the water quality shown in the table 1, the total organic carbon removal rate is 82.4 percent, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is 83.3 percent, the nitrate nitrogen removal rate is 91.4 percent and the total nitrogen removal rate is 83.4 percent after the filler column treatment (table 1); it can be seen that the filler has excellent nitrogen removal properties, especially good denitrification.
TABLE 1
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully explaining the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art based on the present invention, and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The application of the rapid adsorption type iron doped porous constructed wetland filler is characterized in that: application in removing nitrogen compounds in sewage; such applications include rapid adsorption of ammonia nitrogen, bioconversion of nitrogen and microbial extracellular electron transfer;
the constructed wetland filler is formed by bonding a plurality of small particles, fine pore channels are formed among the small particles bonded with each other, and the fine pore channels are communicated inside the constructed wetland filler; at least 1 groove is formed in the surface of the constructed wetland filler;
the shape of the constructed wetland filler is a sphere with a groove, the diameter of the constructed wetland filler is 8-60 mm, the volume of the groove accounts for 15-40% of the volume of the constructed wetland filler, and the shape of the groove comprises a circle, a polygon or an irregular graph;
the small particles are made of a mixture of a plurality of inorganic minerals; the mixture of inorganic minerals comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 13-16% of modified activated carbon powder, 20-25% of modified zeolite powder, 12-15% of reduced iron powder, 12-15% of attapulgite powder, 23-27% of bentonite, 1-3% of graphite, 0.5-1.0% of pore-forming agent, 5-7% of quartz powder and 0.03-0.05% of graphene;
the pore-forming agent comprises ammonium bicarbonate, and the graphene is single-layer or few-layer or multi-layer graphene prepared by a physical method or a chemical method;
the modified activated carbon powder is obtained by pretreating activated carbon by oxidation/acidification and then carrying sodium ions or iron ions by an impregnation method for modification; the modified zeolite powder is sodium chloride modified zeolite powder;
the preparation method of the constructed wetland filler comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing modified activated carbon powder, modified zeolite powder, reduced iron powder, attapulgite powder, bentonite, graphite, a pore-forming agent, quartz powder and graphene to form a mixture, adding 28-32% by weight of water into the mixture, uniformly stirring again, extruding to prepare a strip-shaped wet filler, drying to obtain a strip-shaped dry filler, placing the strip-shaped dry filler in a high-temperature furnace isolated from air, sintering at 550-600 ℃ for 55-65 min, and sintering at 900-950 ℃ for 55-65 min to obtain a modified strip-shaped dry filler;
(2) Crushing the obtained strip-shaped dry filler, and sieving to obtain irregular particles with the particle size of 7-28 meshes, namely small particles;
(3) Uniformly mixing small particles with walnut powder with the weight of 6-8% of the small particles, spraying a binder and water on the surface of a mixture of the small particles and the walnut powder, continuously stirring the obtained mixture, stopping spraying and stirring when the mixture can be molded, pressing and molding through a mold, and drying to obtain the constructed wetland filler.
2. The use according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the fine pore channels is at least 30.
3. The use according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the sizes of the modified activated carbon powder, the modified zeolite powder, the reduced iron powder, the attapulgite powder, the bentonite and the quartz powder are 200-400 meshes; the size of the walnut powder in the step (3) is 200-300 meshes; the diameters of the cross sections of the strip-shaped wet filler and the strip-shaped dry filler in the step (1) are 10-50 mm; the drying method comprises placing in air or oven drying at 50-75deg.C.
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