CN114833492A - Welding material for copper-aluminum welding and copper-aluminum welding method - Google Patents
Welding material for copper-aluminum welding and copper-aluminum welding method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114833492A CN114833492A CN202110135449.9A CN202110135449A CN114833492A CN 114833492 A CN114833492 A CN 114833492A CN 202110135449 A CN202110135449 A CN 202110135449A CN 114833492 A CN114833492 A CN 114833492A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- welding
- aluminum
- copper
- flux
- solder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 273
- JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;copper Chemical compound [AlH3].[Cu] JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1,10,13-trimethyl-3-oxo-4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl) heptanoate Chemical compound C1CC2CC(=O)C=C(C)C2(C)C2C1C1CCC(OC(=O)CCCCCC)C1(C)CC2 TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bromide Chemical compound [NH4+].[Br-] SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000011150 stannous chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000001119 stannous chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009718 spray deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- -1 silver-nickel-magnesium transition metal Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum copper Chemical compound [Al].[Cu] WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBYXRAKIOMOBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tungsten Chemical compound [Cu].[W] SBYXRAKIOMOBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper zinc Chemical compound [Cu].[Zn] TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000597 tin-copper alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/3612—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with organic compounds as principal constituents
- B23K35/3616—Halogen compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
- B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
- B23K35/288—Al as the principal constituent with Sn or Zn
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/12—Copper or alloys thereof
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a welding material for copper-aluminum welding and a copper-aluminum welding method, belonging to the field of welding. The welding material comprises: flux and solder; the welding flux comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5-45% of ammonium bromide, 13-35% of stannous chloride, 0.7-10% of sodium fluoride and the balance of zinc chloride; the solder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2.5-15% of zinc, 15-55% of tin, 1.5-25% of cadmium and the balance of aluminum. By adopting the welding flux and the welding flux to be matched for use, when the copper-aluminum welding piece is welded, the discontinuity of components and tissues during copper-aluminum welding can be reduced, a heterogeneous interface is eliminated, and welding thermal cracks are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a welding technology, in particular to a welding material for copper-aluminum welding and a copper-aluminum welding method.
Background
The hot melting welding (heat release fusion welding) is a welding mode which uses the chemical reaction of heat release flux as a heat source to generate high temperature and achieve the welding effect through a melting mold, does not need external energy and is the best method for welding metal conductors. Direct welding between copper and aluminum is often not possible because the melting points of copper and aluminum differ by about 400 ℃, and direct welding destroys the crystalline phase of aluminum, resulting in increased brittleness and reduced ductility of aluminum. The general processing mode is to add a third welding metal or alloy between copper and aluminum, and the copper and the aluminum are welded together by the third metal or alloy.
The related technology provides a silver-nickel-magnesium transition metal material for welding copper-aluminum dissimilar metals. The melting point of the solder is between that of aluminum and copper, the aluminum and the copper need to be respectively melted and welded with two ends of transition metal during welding, and the transition metal is reserved on a finally formed joint.
In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior art:
although copper-aluminum welding can be completed in the related technology, cracks are easily generated in fusion welding, and the brittleness and the bending strength of the joint are reduced due to the transition metal heterogeneous interface existing at the joint.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a welding material for copper-aluminum welding and a copper-aluminum welding method, which can solve the above technical problems.
Specifically, the method comprises the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a welding material for copper-aluminum welding, where the welding material includes: flux and solder;
the welding flux comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5-45% of ammonium bromide, 13-35% of stannous chloride, 0.7-10% of sodium fluoride and the balance of zinc chloride;
the solder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2.5-15% of zinc, 15-55% of tin, 1.5-25% of cadmium and the balance of aluminum.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides a copper-aluminum welding method, and the copper-aluminum welding method adopts the welding material for copper-aluminum welding.
In some possible implementations, the copper-aluminum welding method includes: preparing a welding flux;
preparing a solder;
and welding the copper-aluminum weldment by using the welding flux and the welding flux.
In some possible implementations, the preparing the flux includes: uniformly stirring 5-45% of ammonium bromide, 13-35% of stannous chloride, 0.7-10% of sodium fluoride and the balance of zinc chloride to obtain the welding flux.
In some possible implementations, the preparing the solder includes: mixing zinc, tin, cadmium and aluminum according to the proportion that the zinc is 2.5-15%, the tin is 15-55%, the cadmium is 1.5-25% and the balance is aluminum to obtain a mixed material;
melting the mixed material to obtain molten liquid;
and cooling the molten liquid, and preparing the ribbon solder.
In some possible implementations, the melting the mixture to obtain a melt, cooling the melt, and preparing the ribbon solder includes:
and (3) loading the mixed material into a quartz crucible, carrying out induction heating remelting in a vacuum furnace, carrying out spray casting on the molten liquid on a high-speed rotating red copper roller by using argon at a set temperature, and carrying out quenching treatment to obtain the strip solder.
In some possible implementations, the ribbon solder has a thickness of 0.02mm to 0.10 mm.
In some possible implementations, the soldering the copper-aluminum weldment with the flux and the solder includes:
mixing the welding flux with a solvent to prepare a pasty welding flux;
coating the pasty welding flux on a welding area of the copper-aluminum weldment;
and welding the welding area of the copper-aluminum weldment by using the strip solder to finish welding the copper-aluminum weldment.
In some possible implementations, the welding temperature is 400 ℃ to 700 ℃ while performing the welding.
In some possible implementations, the time of the welding process is 1 second to 10 seconds while the welding is performed.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:
the welding material for copper-aluminum welding provided by the embodiment of the invention is used by matching the welding flux and the welding flux, so that when a copper-aluminum welding piece is welded, the discontinuity of components and tissues during copper-aluminum welding can be reduced, a heterogeneous interface is eliminated, and welding thermal cracks are avoided. Moreover, the welding flux is matched with the welding flux, and an oxide film element Mg, Li, Sb or Bi can be broken, so that vacuum is not needed for welding.
In addition, compared with the related technology, the welding material provided by the embodiment of the invention can complete the welding of aluminum and copper dissimilar metals, the components and the tissues of the joint area are continuous and uniform, no foreign interface exists, the bending strength of the joint reaches the level of a base material, and the joint is continuously bent by 180 degrees.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of an exemplary copper-aluminum welding method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a specific flowchart of exemplary operations when welding a copper-aluminum weldment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will describe embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The hot melting welding (heat release fusion welding) is a welding mode which uses the chemical reaction of heat release flux as a heat source to generate high temperature and achieve the welding effect through a melting mold, does not need external energy and is the best method for welding metal conductors. Direct welding between copper and aluminum is often not possible because the melting points of copper and aluminum differ by about 400 ℃, and direct welding destroys the crystalline phase of aluminum, resulting in increased brittleness and reduced ductility of aluminum. The general processing mode is to add a third welding metal or alloy between copper and aluminum, and the copper and the aluminum are welded together by the third metal or alloy.
The related technology provides a silver-nickel-magnesium transition metal material for welding copper-aluminum dissimilar metals. The melting point of the solder is between that of aluminum and copper, the aluminum and the copper need to be respectively melted and welded with two ends of transition metal during welding, and the transition metal is reserved on a finally formed joint.
However, although the related art can complete copper-aluminum welding, cracks are easily generated during welding, and the joint is large in brittleness and reduced in bending strength due to the transition metal heterogeneous interface existing at the joint.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a welding material for copper-aluminum welding, where the welding material includes: flux and solder;
the welding flux comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5 to 45 percent of ammonium bromide, 13 to 35 percent of stannous chloride, 0.7 to 10 percent of sodium fluoride and the balance of zinc chloride.
The solder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2.5-15% of zinc, 15-55% of tin, 1.5-25% of cadmium and the balance of aluminum.
The following are exemplary descriptions of the components in the flux, in terms of mass percentages, respectively:
the mass percentages of ammonium bromide include, but are not limited to: 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, etc.
The mass percentage of the stannous chloride includes but is not limited to: 13%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 23%, 25%, 30%, 32%, 35%, etc.
The mass percentages of sodium fluoride include, but are not limited to: 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, etc.
The mass percent of the zinc chloride is that the total mass percent of the zinc chloride, the ammonium bromide, the stannous chloride and the sodium fluoride reaches 100 percent.
For the mass percentages of the components in the solder, the following are respectively exemplified:
the mass percent of zinc includes but is not limited to: 2.5%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, etc.
The mass percent of tin includes but is not limited to: 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, etc.
The mass percent of cadmium includes, but is not limited to: 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, etc.
The mass percent of the aluminum is such that the total mass percent of the zinc, the tin and the cadmium reaches 100 percent.
The welding material for copper-aluminum welding provided by the embodiment of the invention is used by matching the welding flux and the welding flux, so that when a copper-aluminum welding piece is welded, the discontinuity of components and tissues during copper-aluminum welding can be reduced, a heterogeneous interface is eliminated, and welding thermal cracks are avoided. Moreover, the welding flux is matched with the welding flux, and an oxide film element Mg, Li, Sb or Bi can be broken, so that vacuum is not needed for welding.
Compared with the related technology, the welding material provided by the embodiment of the invention can complete the welding of aluminum and copper dissimilar metals, the components and the tissues of the joint area are continuous and uniform, no foreign interface exists, the bending strength of the joint reaches the level of a base metal, and the joint is continuously bent by 180 degrees.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides a copper-aluminum welding method, which adopts any welding material for copper-aluminum welding.
Based on the welding material for copper-aluminum welding provided by the embodiment of the invention, the copper-aluminum welding method provided by the invention can complete the welding of aluminum and copper dissimilar metals, and the joint area has continuous and uniform components and tissues and no foreign interface.
In some possible implementations, as shown in fig. 1, a copper-aluminum welding method provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
step 1: preparing a welding flux, wherein the welding flux comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5-45% of ammonium bromide, 13-35% of stannous chloride, 0.7-10% of sodium fluoride and the balance of zinc chloride.
Step 2: preparing a solder, wherein the solder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2.5-15% of zinc, 15-55% of tin, 1.5-25% of cadmium and the balance of aluminum.
And step 3: and welding the copper-aluminum weldment by using the welding flux and the welding flux.
Wherein, for step 1, preparing the flux comprises: uniformly stirring 5-45% of ammonium bromide, 13-35% of stannous chloride, 0.7-10% of sodium fluoride and the balance of zinc chloride to obtain the welding flux.
For step 2, preparing the solder comprises: according to 2.5-15% of zinc, 15-55% of tin, 1.5-25% of cadmium and the balance of aluminum, the zinc, the tin, the cadmium and the aluminum are mixed to obtain a mixed material.
And melting the mixed materials to obtain molten liquid.
And cooling the molten liquid, and preparing the ribbon solder.
The welding flux is melted and cooled to prepare the strip-shaped welding flux, so that the convenience of welding operation is facilitated, and the welding efficiency and the welding convenience are improved.
Further, melting the mixed materials to obtain a molten liquid, cooling the molten liquid, and preparing the molten liquid into the ribbon solder, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
and (3) loading the mixed material into a quartz crucible, carrying out induction heating remelting in a vacuum furnace, carrying out spray casting on the molten liquid on a high-speed rotating red copper roller by using argon at a set temperature, and carrying out quenching treatment to obtain the strip-shaped solder.
Wherein the set temperature is 700-800 ℃, and the pressure of argon is 0.5-0.6 Pa, so that the mixed materials are fully melted.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the solder ribbon may be set to 0.02mm to 0.10mm, for example, 0.02mm, 0.03mm, 0.04mm, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.07mm, 0.08mm, 0.09mm, 0.1mm, or the like.
In some possible implementations, as shown in fig. 2, in step 3, soldering the copper-aluminum weldment by using the flux and the solder includes:
And 303, welding the welding area of the copper-aluminum weldment by using the strip solder to finish welding the copper-aluminum weldment.
In the case of soldering, the soldering temperature is 400 ℃ to 700 ℃, for example, 400 ℃, 450 ℃, 500 ℃, 550 ℃, 600 ℃, 650 ℃, 700 ℃, and the like.
The time of the welding treatment is 1 second to 10 seconds, for example, 2 seconds, 3 seconds, 4 seconds, 5 seconds, 6 seconds, 7 seconds, 8 seconds, 9 seconds, 10 seconds, and the like. The welding treatment time is too long, so that the heating surface is melted and deformed, crystal lattices are changed, and a processed part is damaged, so that the welding treatment time is limited to 1-10 seconds, and the technical problem is avoided.
The copper-aluminum welding method provided by the embodiment of the invention enables copper-aluminum welding to be possible, is particularly suitable for preparation or maintenance of electronic devices with copper-aluminum components, is convenient and quick, is convenient to operate, is beneficial to improving the operation efficiency and is also beneficial to reducing the operation cost.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, when performing the copper-aluminum welding, different temperatures may be applied to the copper and the aluminum which are in contact with each other by using the heating device, respectively, and the temperature applied to the copper is higher than the temperature applied to the aluminum, and the heating time is longer than 0.5 second, so that the copper-aluminum welding can be completed.
The general solution to welding dissimilar metals, especially welding copper and aluminum or welding copper and aluminum alloy, is to use the third metal as the intermediate transition layer and weld with welding material, which is complicated in process and increases cost. The embodiment of the invention further adopts welding by adjusting the temperature difference, which is beneficial to obtaining better welding effect, is easy to implement and saves more cost.
In the above-described copper-aluminum welding method, it is preferable that the temperature applied to copper is higher than the temperature applied to aluminum. For example, the temperature applied to copper is 600 ℃ to 700 ℃, the melting point of copper or copper alloy is about 600 ℃ to 700 ℃, if the welding temperature is too high, the crystal grains are coarse, the elongation rate is reduced sharply, and the service performance of the material is seriously influenced.
The temperature applied to the aluminum is 400-500 ℃, the melting point of the aluminum or the aluminum alloy is about 400-500 ℃, and if the welding temperature is too high, the crystal grains are coarse, the elongation percentage is sharply reduced, and the service performance of the material is seriously influenced.
For the copper-aluminum weldment according to the embodiment of the invention, the copper is pure copper or a copper alloy with the copper content of more than 80 wt%. The copper alloy includes: aluminum copper alloy, tin copper alloy, nickel copper alloy, tungsten copper alloy, zinc copper alloy, and the like.
For the copper-aluminum weldment related to the embodiment of the invention, the related aluminum is pure aluminum or aluminum alloy with the aluminum content of more than 80 wt%. The aluminum alloy includes: aluminum-manganese alloy, aluminum-copper-magnesium alloy, aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper alloy, and the like.
Therefore, the welding material and the copper-aluminum welding method provided by the embodiment of the invention are beneficial to bringing about at least the following advantages:
the third metal is not used as a transition layer, but the copper and the aluminum can be directly heated and welded.
The welding method can be used for conveniently welding parts with complex shapes, the connection is uniform, and the elongation percentage after welding is high.
The invention will be further described by the following specific examples:
example 1
This embodiment 1 provides a welding material for copper aluminium welding, and this welding material includes: flux and solder.
The welding flux comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5% of ammonium bromide, 20% of stannous chloride, 5% of sodium fluoride and the balance of zinc chloride.
The solder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: zinc 10%, tin 30%, cadmium 20%, and balance aluminum.
In this embodiment 1, the welding process of the copper-aluminum weldment based on the welding material includes the following steps:
step 11: according to the proportion of each component in the welding flux, uniformly stirring ammonium bromide, stannous chloride, sodium fluoride and zinc chloride to obtain the welding flux.
Step 12: according to the proportion of each component in the solder, zinc, tin, cadmium and aluminum are mixed to obtain a mixed material. The mixed material is put into a quartz crucible, induction heating remelting is carried out in a vacuum furnace, the molten liquid is spray-cast on a high-speed rotating red copper roller by using argon gas with the pressure of 0.5Pa at the temperature of 700 ℃, and the ribbon solder is obtained through quenching treatment.
Step 13: mixing alcohol and welding flux, preparing the welding flux into pasty welding flux by using the alcohol, and coating the pasty welding flux on a welding area of a copper-aluminum welding piece. And welding the welding area of the copper-aluminum welding piece by using the ribbon-shaped welding flux to complete the welding of the copper-aluminum welding piece. When welding was performed, the welding temperature was 550 ℃, and the welding time was 5 seconds.
After inspection and welding, the components and the structure of the joint area of the copper-aluminum welding piece are continuous and uniform without a foreign interface. The tensile strength and the elongation delta of the joint area of the copper aluminum weldment are tested by adopting the universal test standard in the field, are respectively 130MPa and 32, and show excellent strength property.
Example 2
This embodiment 2 provides a welding material for copper aluminium welding, and this welding material includes: flux and solder.
The welding flux comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of ammonium bromide, 15% of stannous chloride, 6% of sodium fluoride and the balance of zinc chloride.
The solder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 12% zinc, 35% tin, 15% cadmium, and the balance aluminum.
In this embodiment 2, the welding process is performed on the copper-aluminum weldment based on the welding material, and the welding process includes the following steps:
step 21: according to the proportion of each component in the welding flux, uniformly stirring ammonium bromide, stannous chloride, sodium fluoride and zinc chloride to obtain the welding flux.
Step 22: according to the proportion of each component in the solder, zinc, tin, cadmium and aluminum are mixed to obtain a mixed material. The mixed material is put into a quartz crucible, induction heating remelting is carried out in a vacuum furnace, the molten liquid is spray-cast on a high-speed rotating red copper roller by using argon gas with 0.5Pa pressure at the temperature of 720 ℃, and the ribbon solder is obtained through quenching treatment.
Step 23: mixing alcohol and welding flux, preparing the welding flux into pasty welding flux by using the alcohol, and coating the pasty welding flux on a welding area of a copper-aluminum welding piece. And welding the welding area of the copper-aluminum weldment by using the strip-shaped solder to finish the welding of the copper-aluminum weldment. When welding was performed, the welding temperature was 600 ℃, and the welding time was 5 seconds.
After the welding is finished, the joint area components and the structure of the copper aluminum welding piece are continuous and uniform without a foreign interface. The tensile strength and the elongation delta of the joint area of the copper aluminum weldment are tested by adopting the universal test standard in the field, are respectively 133MPa and 33, and show excellent strength property.
Example 3
This embodiment 3 provides a welding material for copper aluminium welding, and this welding material includes: flux and solder.
The welding flux comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15% of ammonium bromide, 35% of stannous chloride, 10% of sodium fluoride and the balance of zinc chloride.
The solder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: zinc 2.5%, tin 55%, cadmium 10%, and balance aluminum.
In this embodiment 3, the welding process is performed on the copper-aluminum weldment based on the welding material, and the welding process includes the following steps:
step 31: according to the proportion of each component in the welding flux, uniformly stirring ammonium bromide, stannous chloride, sodium fluoride and zinc chloride to obtain the welding flux.
Step 32: according to the proportion of each component in the solder, zinc, tin, cadmium and aluminum are mixed to obtain a mixed material. The mixed material is put into a quartz crucible, induction heating remelting is carried out in a vacuum furnace, the molten liquid is spray-cast on a high-speed rotating red copper roller by using argon gas with the pressure of 0.5Pa at the temperature of 700 ℃, and the ribbon solder is obtained through quenching treatment.
Step 33: mixing alcohol and welding flux, preparing the welding flux into pasty welding flux by using the alcohol, and coating the pasty welding flux on a welding area of a copper-aluminum welding piece. And welding the welding area of the copper-aluminum weldment by using the strip-shaped solder to finish the welding of the copper-aluminum weldment. When welding was performed, the welding temperature was 550 ℃, and the welding time was 5 seconds.
After the welding is finished, the joint area components and the structure of the copper aluminum welding piece are continuous and uniform without a foreign interface. The tensile strength and the elongation delta of the joint area of the copper aluminum weldment are tested by adopting the universal test standard in the field, are 135MPa and 33 respectively, and show excellent strength properties.
Example 4
This embodiment 4 provides a welding material for copper aluminium welding, and this welding material includes: flux and solder.
The welding flux comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 45% of ammonium bromide, 25% of stannous chloride, 2% of sodium fluoride and the balance of zinc chloride.
The solder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5% of zinc, 15% of tin, 5% of cadmium and the balance of aluminum.
In this embodiment 4, the welding process is performed on the copper-aluminum weldment based on the welding material, and includes the following steps:
step 41: according to the proportion of each component in the welding flux, uniformly stirring ammonium bromide, stannous chloride, sodium fluoride and zinc chloride to obtain the welding flux.
Step 42: according to the proportion of each component in the solder, zinc, tin, cadmium and aluminum are mixed to obtain a mixed material. The mixed material is put into a quartz crucible, induction heating remelting is carried out in a vacuum furnace, the molten liquid is spray-cast on a high-speed rotating red copper roller by using argon gas with the pressure of 0.5Pa at the temperature of 700 ℃, and the ribbon solder is obtained through quenching treatment.
Step 43: mixing alcohol and welding flux, preparing the welding flux into pasty welding flux by using the alcohol, and coating the pasty welding flux on a welding area of a copper-aluminum welding piece. And welding the welding area of the copper-aluminum weldment by using the strip-shaped solder to finish the welding of the copper-aluminum weldment. When welding was performed, the welding temperature was 550 ℃, and the welding time was 5 seconds.
After the welding is finished, the joint area components and the structure of the copper aluminum welding piece are continuous and uniform without a foreign interface. The tensile strength and the elongation delta of the joint area of the copper aluminum weldment are tested by adopting the universal test standard in the field, are respectively 129MPa and 31, and show excellent strength property.
The above description is only for facilitating the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A welding material for copper and aluminum welding, characterized in that the welding material comprises: flux and solder;
the welding flux comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5-45% of ammonium bromide, 13-35% of stannous chloride, 0.7-10% of sodium fluoride and the balance of zinc chloride;
the solder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2.5-15% of zinc, 15-55% of tin, 1.5-25% of cadmium and the balance of aluminum.
2. A copper-aluminum welding method, characterized in that the copper-aluminum welding method adopts the welding material for copper-aluminum welding as claimed in claim 1.
3. The copper-aluminum welding method of claim 2, characterized in that the copper-aluminum welding method comprises: preparing a welding flux;
preparing a solder;
and welding the copper-aluminum weldment by using the welding flux and the welding flux.
4. The copper-aluminum welding method of claim 3, wherein the preparing the flux comprises: uniformly stirring 5-45% of ammonium bromide, 13-35% of stannous chloride, 0.7-10% of sodium fluoride and the balance of zinc chloride to obtain the welding flux.
5. The copper-aluminum soldering method according to claim 3, wherein the preparing the solder comprises: mixing zinc, tin, cadmium and aluminum according to the proportion that the zinc is 2.5-15%, the tin is 15-55%, the cadmium is 1.5-25% and the balance is aluminum to obtain a mixed material;
melting the mixed material to obtain molten liquid;
and cooling the molten liquid, and preparing the ribbon solder.
6. The copper-aluminum welding method according to claim 5, wherein the melting the mixture to obtain a melt, cooling the melt, and preparing the melt into a ribbon solder comprises:
and (3) loading the mixed material into a quartz crucible, carrying out induction heating remelting in a vacuum furnace, carrying out spray casting on the molten liquid on a high-speed rotating red copper roller by using argon at a set temperature, and carrying out quenching treatment to obtain the strip solder.
7. The copper-aluminum soldering method according to claim 6, wherein the thickness of the ribbon solder is 0.02mm to 0.10 mm.
8. The copper-aluminum soldering method according to claim 7, wherein the soldering of the copper-aluminum weldment with the flux and the solder comprises:
mixing the welding flux with a solvent to prepare a pasty welding flux;
coating the pasty welding flux on a welding area of the copper-aluminum weldment;
and welding the welding area of the copper-aluminum welding piece by using the strip solder to complete the welding of the copper-aluminum welding piece.
9. The copper-aluminum welding method of claim 8, characterized in that, when the welding is performed, the welding temperature is 400-700 ℃.
10. The copper-aluminum welding method as recited in claim 8, characterized in that, in performing the welding, a time of welding treatment is 1 second to 10 seconds.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110135449.9A CN114833492B (en) | 2021-02-01 | 2021-02-01 | Welding material for copper-aluminum welding and copper-aluminum welding method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110135449.9A CN114833492B (en) | 2021-02-01 | 2021-02-01 | Welding material for copper-aluminum welding and copper-aluminum welding method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114833492A true CN114833492A (en) | 2022-08-02 |
| CN114833492B CN114833492B (en) | 2024-07-26 |
Family
ID=82560883
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110135449.9A Active CN114833492B (en) | 2021-02-01 | 2021-02-01 | Welding material for copper-aluminum welding and copper-aluminum welding method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114833492B (en) |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0428496A (en) * | 1990-05-22 | 1992-01-31 | Hiroshima Eiichi | Flux for use in aluminum-to-aluminum and aluminum-to-other metal and alloy soldering and method for production of soldering material |
| CN1125167A (en) * | 1994-12-20 | 1996-06-26 | 罗启昌 | Method for cast aluminium braze-welding |
| CN101391347A (en) * | 2008-02-04 | 2009-03-25 | 浙江康盛股份有限公司 | Copper aluminum welding method |
| CN101972902A (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2011-02-16 | 山东电力研究院 | Aluminum alloy welding flux for copper and aluminum welding |
| CN103769776A (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2014-05-07 | 浙江新锐焊接材料有限公司 | Fluoride brazing flux for copper-aluminum dissimilar metal and preparation method for fluoride brazing flux |
| CN104646851A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2015-05-27 | 青岛润鑫伟业科贸有限公司 | Soft solder material for aluminum soldering |
| CN104741818A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2015-07-01 | 哈尔滨哈冶钎料有限责任公司 | Brazing filler metal and preparation method thereof |
| CN104889605A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-09-09 | 山东大学 | Brazing flux for brazing magnesium and magnesium alloy and application thereof |
| CN106181112A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-12-07 | 镇江市锶达合金材料有限公司 | A kind of high-performance zinc-aluminium base composite soldering and preparation method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-02-01 CN CN202110135449.9A patent/CN114833492B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0428496A (en) * | 1990-05-22 | 1992-01-31 | Hiroshima Eiichi | Flux for use in aluminum-to-aluminum and aluminum-to-other metal and alloy soldering and method for production of soldering material |
| CN1125167A (en) * | 1994-12-20 | 1996-06-26 | 罗启昌 | Method for cast aluminium braze-welding |
| CN101391347A (en) * | 2008-02-04 | 2009-03-25 | 浙江康盛股份有限公司 | Copper aluminum welding method |
| CN101972902A (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2011-02-16 | 山东电力研究院 | Aluminum alloy welding flux for copper and aluminum welding |
| CN104646851A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2015-05-27 | 青岛润鑫伟业科贸有限公司 | Soft solder material for aluminum soldering |
| CN104741818A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2015-07-01 | 哈尔滨哈冶钎料有限责任公司 | Brazing filler metal and preparation method thereof |
| CN103769776A (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2014-05-07 | 浙江新锐焊接材料有限公司 | Fluoride brazing flux for copper-aluminum dissimilar metal and preparation method for fluoride brazing flux |
| CN104889605A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-09-09 | 山东大学 | Brazing flux for brazing magnesium and magnesium alloy and application thereof |
| CN106181112A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-12-07 | 镇江市锶达合金材料有限公司 | A kind of high-performance zinc-aluminium base composite soldering and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114833492B (en) | 2024-07-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Feng et al. | Reliability studies of Cu/Al joints brazed with Zn–Al–Ce filler metals | |
| Wei et al. | On the advantages of using a hypoeutectic Sn–Zn as lead-free solder material | |
| JP4669877B2 (en) | Solder alloy for oxide bonding | |
| US20200030921A1 (en) | Alloys | |
| CN106270890B (en) | A kind of aluminum steel method for welding | |
| CN105499834A (en) | Brazing material for brazing molybdenum-rhenium alloy, preparation method and brazing method | |
| WO2013025990A2 (en) | Lead-free solder compositions | |
| WO2023103289A1 (en) | Lead-free solder alloy, preparation method therefor and use thereof | |
| JP2012505757A (en) | Solder alloy | |
| JP5937214B2 (en) | Solder alloy for metal bonding and soldering method using the same | |
| Feng et al. | Effects of Ti on the brazability of Zn-22Al-xTi filler metals as well as properties of Cu/Al brazing joints | |
| CN114101970A (en) | Nickel-based amorphous brazing filler metal strip and preparation method thereof | |
| US3070875A (en) | Novel brazing alloy and structures produced therewith | |
| CN108422058A (en) | For Al2O3The auri solder and its welding method of Ceramic and metal joining | |
| CN114833492A (en) | Welding material for copper-aluminum welding and copper-aluminum welding method | |
| JPH1043886A (en) | Manufacture of brazing filler metal | |
| CN112621020B (en) | Nickel-based flux-cored brazing filler metal, preparation method and application | |
| CN106141496B (en) | A kind of copper phosphor tin nickel solder and its preparation method and application | |
| CN109465570B (en) | Ti-Si high-temperature brazing filler metal | |
| CN114654127A (en) | Low-melting-point aluminum-based brazing filler metal, preparation thereof and application thereof in 6000 series aluminum alloy brazing | |
| CN113751923A (en) | Brazing composition and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111299901B (en) | Brazing alloy, brazing filler metal, preparation method and application of brazing filler metal and prepared brazing product | |
| CN112292474A (en) | Cylindrical sputtering target, In-based solder material, and method for producing cylindrical sputtering target | |
| CN110193682B (en) | Brazing filler metal and preparation method thereof | |
| JPS586793A (en) | Brazing filter metal |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |